Training No. 1

Information Technology Department

Government of Sindh

IBM POWER SYSTEM HARDWARE, CONFIGURATION AND

INSTALLATION BOOK

Biometric Identification Electronic System

ADP: 1488

Year: 2009-10

Prepared By:

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TABLE OS CONTENTS

General Overview....……….……………………………………..3

The Power Processor.....…….……………………………………4

Physical Package……………………………………….…………6

Hardware Configuration................................................................7

Front and Rear View………………………..….............................8

Operator Panel…………….………………………………….…...9

Hardware Manager Console..…….……………………..………10

IBM AIX 6.1………………………………………………………16

PowerVM………………………………………………………….18

Virtual I/O Server………………………………………………...20

IBM AIX 6.1 Installation………………………………………....21

SMIT……………………………………………………………….27

The end…………………………………………………………….34

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General Overview: The IBM System p 550 Express server’s offers efficiency and flexibility in a rack or desksideform factor while supporting two, four, six or eight POWER6 processor cores. The 550Express delivers outstanding price/performance; breadth of available applications; reliability, availability, serviceability (RAS) characteristics; energy efficiency; flexibility; and leadership virtualization capabilities.

Power architecture:

POWER® processor technology is an instruction-set architecture that spans applications from consumer electronics to supercomputers. POWER is built on an open architecture, making it an open ecosystem that supports freedom of design

Architecture and technical overview: The overall system architecture represented by Figure 2-1, with its major components described in the following sections. The bandwidths that are provided throughout the section are theoretical maximums used for reference. You should always obtain real-world performance measurements using production workloads.

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The POWER6 processor:

The POWER6 processor capitalizes on all the enhancements brought by the POWER5 processor. Two of the enhancements of the POWER6 processor are the ability to do processor instruction retry and alternate processor recovery. This significantly reduces exposure to both hard (logic) and soft (transient) errors in the processor core.

Processor instruction retry:

Soft failures in the processor core are transient errors. When an error is encountered in the core, the POWER6 processor will first automatically retry the instruction. If the source of the error was truly transient, the instruction will succeed and the system will continue as before. On predecessor IBM systems, this error would have caused a check stop.

Alternate processor retry: Hard failures are more difficult, being true logical errors that will be replicated each time the instruction is repeated. Retrying the instruction will not help in this situation because the

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instruction will continue to fail. Systems with POWER6 processors introduce the ability to extract the failing instruction from the faulty core and retry it elsewhere in the system, after which the failing core is dynamically deconfigured and called out for replacement. The entire process is transparent to the partition owning the failing instruction. Systems with POWER6 processors are designed to avoid what would have been a full system outage.

POWER6 single processor checkstopping:

Another major advancement in POWER6 processors is single processor checkstopping. A processor checkstop would result in a system checkstop. A new feature in System 550 is the ability to contain most processor checkstops to the partition that was using the processor at the time. This significantly reduces the probability of any one processor affecting total system availability.

POWER6 cache availability: In the event that an uncorrectable error occurs in L2 or L3 cache, the system will be able to dynamically remove the offending line of cache without requiring a reboot. In addition POWER6 utilizes a L1/L2 cache design and a write-through cache policy on all levels, helping to ensure that data is written to main memory as soon as possible. Figure 2-2 on page 25 shows a high-level view of the POWER6 processor.

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The CMOS 11S0 lithography technology in the POWER6 processor uses a 65 nm fabrication process, which enables:

Performance gains through faster clock rates from 3.5 GHz, 4.2 GHz up to 4.7 GHz. Physical size of 341 mm.

The POWER6 processor consumes less power and requires less cooling. Thus, you can use the POWER6 processor in servers where previously you could only use lower frequency chips due to cooling restrictions. The 64-bit implementation of the POWER6 design provides the following additional enhancements:

Compatibility of 64-bit architecture

– Binary compatibility for all POWER and PowerPC® application code level – Support of partition migration – Support of four page sizes : 4 KB, 64 KB, 16 MB, and 16 GB

High frequency optimization

– Designed to operate at maximum speed of 5 GHz

Superscalar core organization

– Simultaneous Multithreading: two threads

In order dispatch of five operations (single thread), seven operations (Simultaneous Multithreading) to nine execution units:

• Two load or store operations • Two fixed-point register-register operations • Two floating-point operations • One branch operation

Physical package:

The system is available in a rack-mounted form factor. The major physical attributes for each are discussed in the following sections.

Rack-mount model:

The system can be configured as a 4U IBM rack-mount selecting FC 7360. Table 1-3provides a list of physical attributes for the rack-mount model and Figure 1-2 shows therack-mount model. Physical packaging of rack-mount drawer Figure 1-2 Rack-mount models

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Dimension One CEC drawer

Height 175 mm (6.89 in) Width 440 mm (17.3 in) Depth 730 mm (28.7 in) Weight 54.4 kg (120 lb)

HARDWARE CONFIGURATION:

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IBM POWER SYSTEM 550- Front & Rear View:

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Operator Panel:

The service processor provides an interface to the control panel that is used to display server status and diagnostic information. See Figure 2-17 on page 61 for operator control panel physical details and buttons.

Note: IBM only supports the Linux systems of clients with a Support Line contract covering Linux. Otherwise, contact the Linux distributor for support. Important: It is important to adhere to the touch point colors on the system. Not doing so can compromise your safety and damage the system.

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Hardware Management Console:

The Hardware Management Console (HMC) is a dedicated workstation that provides a

graphical user interface for configuring, operating, and performing basic system tasks for thePOWER6 processor-based (as well as the POWER5 and POWER5+ processor-based)

systems that function in either non-partitioned, partitioned, or clustered environments. In addition the HMC is used to configure and manage partitions. One HMC is capable of controlling multiple POWER5, POWER5+, and POWER6 processor-based systems. 7042-CR5 Rack mountable HMC

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HMC to managed system connection:

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Starting the HMC:

First, start the HMC by setting both the display and system units to the on position. You should then see the initialization window that includes the IBM logo and copyright information. After finishing the initialization step, the Welcome window displays as shown in Figure 2-1. This page includes the link to log on, to view the online help, and the summarized HMC status information.

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To log on to the HMC, click Log on and launch the Hardware Management Console web application from the Welcome window. The Logon window opensas shown in Figure 2-2.

The HMC is supplied with a predefined user ID, hscroot, and the defaultpassword

abc123. Both the user ID and password are case sensitive and mustbe entered exactly as shown. When you update your password, you can nolonger keep it six characters. The minimum length for a password is now sevencharacters.

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Components of the Web browser based user interface:

The HMC workplace window is comprised of several major components as shown in Figure 2-5:

The Banner The Task bar The Navigation pane The Work pane The Status bar

Banner

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The Banner, across the top of the workplace window, identifies the product and logo. It is optionally displayed and is set by using the Change User InterfaceSetting task.

Task bar

The Task bar, located below the Banner, displays the names of any tasks that are running, the user ID you are logged in as, online help information, and the ability to logoff or disconnect from console. It provides the capability of an active task switcher. You can move between tasks that were launched and have not yet been closed. However, the task switcher does not pause or resume existing tasks.

Navigation pane

The Navigation pane, in the left portion of the window, contains the primary navigation

links for managing your system resources and the HMC. These include:

Welcome

Systems Management

System Plans

HMC Management

Service Management

Updates

Work pane

The Work pane, in the right portion of the window, displays information based on the current selection from the Navigation pane. For example, when you select

Welcome

In the navigation pane, the Welcome window content displays in the work pane, as shown in Figure 2-5 on page 21.

Status bar

The Status bar, in the bottom left portion of the window, provides visual indicators of current overall system status. It also includes a status overview icon that can be selected to display more detailed status information in the Work pane.

SERVERS SHOW ON HMC:

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IBM AIX V6.1:

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IBM is making available a new version of AIX, AIX V6.1 which will include significant newcapabilities for virtualization, security features, continuous availability features andmanageability. AIX V6.1 is the first generally available version of AIX V6. AIX V6.1 features include support for:

PowerVM AIX 6 Workload Partitions (WPAR) - software based virtualization

Live Application Mobility - with the IBM PowerVM AIX 6 Workload Partitions Manager for AIX (5765-WPM)

64-bit Kernel for higher scalability and performance

Dynamic logical partitioning and Micro-Partitioning support

Support for Multiple Shared-Processor Pools

Trusted AIX - Multilevel, compartmentalized security

Integrated Role Based Access Control

Encrypting JFS2 file system

Kernel exploitation of POWER6 Storage Keys for greater reliability

Robust journaled file system and Logical Volume Manager (LVM) software including integrated file system snapshot

Tools for managing the systems environment -- System Management

System Management Interface Tool (SMIT) and the IBM Systems Director Console for AIX

PowerVM:

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The PowerVM platform is the family of technologies, capabilities and offerings that deliver industry-leading virtualization on this IBM System 550. It is the new umbrella branding term for Power Systems Virtualization (Logical Partitioning, Micro-Partitioning, Hypervisor, Virtual I/O Server, Advanced Power Virtualization, Live Partition Mobility, Workload Partitions, etc.). As with Advanced Power Virtualization in the past, PowerVM is a combination of hardware enablement and value-added software. Section 3.3.1, “PowerVM editions” on page 75 discusses the licensed features of each of the 3 different editions of PowerVM.

PowerVM editions: This section provides information about the virtualization capabilities of the PowerVM Express Edition, Standard Edition and Enterprise Edition which are available on this system. Upgrades from one PowerVM edition to another one are possible and are completely undisruptive. The upgrade doesn’t even require the installation of additional software; the customer just has to enter a key code in the hypervisor in order to unlock the next level of function. Table 3-2 outlines the functional elements of each edition of PowerVM.

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Virtual I/O Server: The Virtual I/O Server is part of all PowerVM Editions. It is a special purpose partition that allows the sharing of physical resources between logical partitions to allow more efficient utilization (for example consolidation). In this case the Virtual I/O Server owns the physical resources (SCSI, Fibre Channel, network adapters, and optical devices) and allows client partitions to share access to them, thus minimizing the number of physical adapters in the system. The Virtual I/O Server eliminates the requirement that every partition owns a dedicated network adapter, disk adapter, and disk drive. The Virtual I/O Server supports OpenSSH for secure remote logins. It also provides a firewall for limiting access by ports, network services and IP addresses.

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AIX 6.1 INSTALLATION:

Perform a new and complete installation AIX 6.1 from DVD

Using this scenario, you can install the AIX operating system for the first time operating system. This scenario involves the following steps:

Step 1: Prepare your system

Make sure your hardware installation is complete, including all external devices.

If your system needs to communicate with other systems and access their resources, make

sure you have the information in the following worksheet before proceeding with the

installation:

Network Attribute Value

Network interface For example: en0, et0

Host name

IP address

Network mask

Nameserver

Domain name

Gateway

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Step 2: Boot from the AIX product DVD

1. Insert the AIX Volume 1 DVD into the DVD-ROM device.

2. Make sure all external devices attached to the system, such as DVD-ROM drives, tape

drives, DVD drives, and terminals, are turned on. Only the DVD-ROM drive from which

you will install AIX should contain the installation media.

3. Power on the system.

4. When the system beeps twice, press F5 on the keyboard or 5 on an ASCII terminal. If

you have a graphics display, you will see the keyboard icon on the screen when the beeps

occur. If you have an ASCII terminal, you will see the word keyboard when the beeps

occur.

5. Select the system console by pressing F1 or 1 on an ASCII terminal and press Enter.

6. Select the English language for the BOS installation menus by typing a 1 in the Choice

field. Press Enter to open the Welcome to Base Operating System Installation and

Maintenance screen.

7. Type 2 to select 2 Change/Show Installation Settings and Install in the Choice field

and press Enter.

Welcome to Base Operating System

Installation and Maintenance

Type the number of your choice and press Enter. Choice is

indicated by >>>.

1 Start Install Now with Default Settings

2 Change/Show Installation Settings and Install

3 Start Maintenance Mode for System Recovery

88 Help ?

99 Previous Menu

>>> Choice [1]: 2

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Step 3: Set and verify BOS installation settings

1. In the Installation and Settings screen, verify that the installation settings are correct by

checking the method of installation (new and complete overwrite), the disk or disks you

want to install, the primary language environment settings, and the advanced options.

If the default choices are correct, type 0 and press Enter to begin the BOS installation.

The system automatically reboots after installation is complete. Go to Step 4. Configure

the system after installation.

Otherwise, go to sub-step 2.

2. To change the System Settings, which includes the method of installation and disk where

you want to install, type 1 in the Choice field and press Enter.

Installation and Settings

Either type 0 and press Enter to install with current settings,

or type the number of the setting you want to change

and press Enter.

1 System Settings:

Method of Installation..................New and Complete Overwrite

Disk Where You Want to Install..hdisk0

>>> Choice [0]: 1

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3. Type 1 for New and Complete Overwrite in the Choice field and press Enter. The

Change Disk(s) Where You Want to Install screen now displays.

Change Disk(s) Where You Want to Install

Type one or more numbers for the disk(s) to be used for

installation and press Enter. To cancel a choice, type the

corresponding number and Press Enter. At least one

bootable disk must be selected. The current choice is

indicated by >>>.

Name Location Code Size(MB) VG Status Bootable

1 hdisk0 04-B0-00-2,0 4296 None Yes

2 hdisk1 04-B0-00-5,0 4296 None Yes

3 hdisk2 04-B0-00-6,0 12288 None Yes

>>> 0 Continue with choices indicated above

66 Disks not known to Base Operating System Installation

77 Display More Disk Information

88 Help ?

99 Previous Menu

>>> Choice [0]:

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4. In the Change Disk(s) Where You Want to Install screen:

a. Select hdisk0 by typing a 1 in the Choice field and press Enter. The disk will

now be selected as indicated by >>>. To unselect the destination disk, type the

number again and press Enter.

b. To finish selecting disks, type a 0 in the Choice field and press Enter. The

Installation and Settings screen now displays with the selected disks listed under

System Settings.

5. Change the Primary Language Environment Settings to English (United States). Use the

following steps to change the Cultural Convention, Language, and Keyboard to English.

a. Type 2 in the Choice field on the Installation and Settings screen to select the

Primary Language Environment Settings option.

b. Type the number corresponding to English (United States) as the Cultural

Convention in the Choice field and press Enter.

c. Select the appropriate keyboard and language options.

You do not need to select the More Options selection, because you are using the default

options in this scenario. For more information about the installation options available in

AIX 5.3.

6. Verify that the selections are correct in the Overwrite Installation Summary screen, as

follows:

Overwrite Installation Summary

Disks: hdisk0

Cultural Convention: en_US

Language: en_US

Keyboard: en_US

64 Bit Kernel Enabled: No

JFS2 File Systems Created: No

Desktop: CDE

Enable System Backups to install any system: Yes

Optional Software being installed:

>>> 1 Continue with Install

88 Help ?

99 Previous Menu

>>> Choice [1]:

7. Press Enter to begin the BOS installation. The system automatically reboots after

installation is complete.

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Step 4: Configure the system after installation

1. After a new and complete overwrite installation, the Configuration Assistant opens on

systems with a graphics display. On systems with an ASCII display, the Installation

Assistant opens.

2. Select the Accept Licenses option to accept the electronic licenses for the operating

system.

3. Set the date and time, set the password for the administrator (root user), and configure the

network communications (TCP/IP).

Use any other options at this time. You can return to the Configuration Assistant or the

Installation Assistant by typing configassist or smitty assist at the command line.

4. Select Exit the Configuration Assistant and select Next. Or, press F10 or ESC+0 to

exit the Installation Assistant.

5. If you are in the Configuration Assistant, select Finish now. Do not start the

Configuration Assistant when restarting AIX and select Finish.

At this point, the BOS Installation is complete, and the initial configuration of the system is

complete.

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SMIT:

The System Management Interface Tool (more commonly known as SMIT) is an interactive tool

bundled with AIX®. Virtually any system administration-related task can be completed using a SMIT screen; the screens are logically grouped in a hierarchal manner for easy navigation. Fast paths associated with every function can be used to go directly to the relevant screen.

One of the best features of SMIT is that you can see exactly what commands it performs either before or after it runs those commands. SMIT doesn't use any special hooks into the operating

system. Everything it does, it does through standard AIX commands and Korn shell functions. This feature is especially useful when you need to automate a repetitive task; you can have SMIT create the proper command-line sequence, and you can then use those commands in

your own script.

Basic usage

SMIT is part of the base operating system; the actual /usr/bin/smit command is in the

bos.sysmgt.smitfileset. There are actually two versions of SMIT: a full-screen text-mode version

and a graphical X Windows® client. If the DISPLAY variable is set, AIX automatically runs the

GUI version. To use the text-mode version -- even if your DISPLAY variable is set -- run the

smittycommand , or you can run smit -a.

When SMIT is started without a fast path specified, the main menu is displayed. In all SMIT

screens, the arrow keys are used to move up and down through the choices displayed. The Return

key selects the currently highlighted item. To go back one level, press F3 or Esc + 3.

The four screen types

There are four types of screens that SMIT uses to interact with and display information to the

user: menus, dialogs, selectors, and command status screens.

Menus

A menu screen displays a list of tasks, only one of which can be selected. When no fast path

exists at SMIT startup, the main menu is displayed (see Listing 1 for the text-mode version).

Listing 1: The main System Management screen, as seen in the text-mode version of SMIT

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System Management

Move cursor to desired item and press Enter.

Software Installation and Maintenance

Software License Management

Devices

System Storage Management (Physical & Logical Storage)

Security & Users

Communications Applications and Services

Print Spooling

Problem Determination

Performance & Resource Scheduling

System Environments

Processes & Subsystems

Applications

Installation Assistant

Using SMIT (information only)

F1=Help F2=Refresh F3=Cancel F8=Image

F9=Shell F10=Exit Enter=Do

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Figure 1 shows SMIT's main menu in the GUI version of the tool.

Figure 1. The main System Management screen, as seen in the GUI version of SMIT

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Dialogs

A dialog screen results from the selection of a specific task. Various symbols indicate the type of

information entry that each field accepts. The data that you enter into those fields are used to

form the command that SMIT executes.

Listing 2: A SMIT dialog screen. Specifically, the Change/Show Characteristics of a User

Screen

Change / Show Characteristics of a User

Type or select values in entry fields.

Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.

[TOP] [Entry Fields]

* User NAME root

User ID [0] #

ADMINISTRATIVE USER? true +

Primary GROUP [system] +

Group SET [system,bin,sys,securi> +

ADMINISTRATIVE GROUPS [] +

ROLES [] +

Another user can SU TO USER? true +

SU GROUPS [ALL] +

HOME directory [/]

Initial PROGRAM [/usr/bin/ksh]

User INFORMATION [palatino root]

EXPIRATION date (MMDDhhmmyy) [0]

[MORE...37]

F1=Help F2=Refresh F3=Cancel F4=List

F5=Reset F6=Command F7=Edit F8=Image

F9=Shell F10=Exit Enter=Do

Selectors

A select screen requires the user to choose a target, usually a device that will be used in the

subsequent dialog screen. Selectors usually appear as a pop-up window, overlaying the text from

the previous screen.

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Listing 3: A SMIT select screen, requesting the selection of a single Logical Volume

LOGICAL VOLUME name

Move cursor to desired item and press Enter. Use arrow keys to scroll.

[TOP]

fslv00 jfs 64 128 2 open/syncd /ora-dat

fslv01 jfs 64 128 2 open/syncd /u06

fslv02 jfs 64 128 2 open/syncd /u07

lv07 jfs 11 22 2 open/syncd /SUL_ora

paging05 paging 32 32 1 open/syncd N/A

fslv05 jfs 320 640 4 open/syncd /u08

fslv06 jfs 24 48 2 open/syncd /w01

fslv07 jfs 16 32 4 open/syncd /local/a

lv11 jfs2 128 128 1 open/syncd /mkcd/mk

fslv09 jfs 128 256 2 open/syncd /u02

[MORE...51]

F1=Help F2=Refresh F3=Cancel

Esc+8=Image Esc+0=Exit Enter=Do

/=Find n=Find Next

Command Status

The Command Status screen displays the output from the commands that SMIT executed. The

top of the screen indicates the current status (Running, OK, or Failed), and it also shows

whether there was anything written to STDOUT or STDERR.

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Listing 4:A SMIT Command Status screen, displaying the output of the List Fileset

Containing File

COMMAND STATUS

Command: OK stdout: yes stderr: no

Before command completion, additional instructions may appear below.

File Fileset Type

------------------------------------------------------------------

/usr/bin/smitbos.sysmgt.smit File

F1=Help F2=Refresh F3=Cancel Esc+6=Command

Esc+8=Image Esc+9=Shell Esc+0=Exit /=Find

n=Find Next

Navigation

Because of the hierarchal nature of SMIT's functions, it is fairly simple to drill down into the

task you wish to accomplish. If you find that you've selected the wrong item from a menu,

pressing F3 (or Esc + 3) brings you back to the previous screen.

Fast paths

Every menu and dialog screen in SMIT has a fast path that can be used to go directly to that

screen. To determine the fast path for a particular screen, navigate to that screen, and then press

F8 or Esc + 8. A pop-up window lists the fast path and puts a print of the current screen into the

SMIT log file.

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Listing 5: A SMIT select screen, requesting the selection of a single Logical Volume

PRINT SCREEN

Press Enter to save the screen image

in the log file.

Press Cancel to return to the application.

Current fast path:

"mkuser"

F1=Help F2=Refresh F3=Cancel

Esc+8=Image Esc+0=Exit Enter=Do