Air Quality Annual Status Report · (ASR) In fulfilment of Part IV of the Environment Act 1995 Local Air Quality Management August 2018. ... Teesside and a privately owned heritage

Scarborough Borough Council

LAQM Annual Status Report 2018

2018 Air Quality Annual Status Report (ASR) In fulfilment of Part IV of the Environment Act 1995 Local Air Quality Management August 2018


LAQM Annual Status Report 2018

Local Authority Officer

Anne Ellmore

Department Environmental Services

Address Town Hall St Nicholas Street, Scarborough YO11 2HG

Telephone 01723 384308

E-mail [email protected]

Report Reference number

Enter Report Reference

Date August 2018


LAQM Annual Status Report 2018 i

Executive Summary: Air Quality in Our Area

Air Quality in Scarborough Borough Council

The Borough of Scarborough covers an area of 818 Km2 along the North Yorkshire

coast. Its population of 106, 000 is largely concentrated in the 3 resort towns of

Scarborough, with a population of 53,000, the 2nd largest town by population in North

Yorkshire, Whitby (population 14,000) and Filey (population 7000), with the

remainder of the area compromising low-density agricultural moorland, small villages

and remote hamlets. Scarborough, Whitby and Filey are the key towns and large

areas are National Park or Heritage Coast. The environment of the area has provided

the basis for a successful tourist economy. The influx of tourists can effectively

double the population in the summer months with in excess of 5 million visitors to the

Borough per year. The adjoining parts of the neighbouring local authorities’ area

largely comprise agricultural land of a similar character to that found in Scarborough

Borough. The industrial conurbation of Teesside lies within 10k of the Borough’s

northern boundary, and the proximity of Whitby to this area attracts a large number of

visitors throughout the year.

Topography

The value of the spectacular cliffs, which form much of the Borough’s coastline, has

been recognised in the designation of the North Yorkshire and Cleveland, and

Flamborough Heritage Coasts. Elsewhere extensive beaches and coastal and

moorland scenery have long drawn large numbers of visitors. Inland the Borough’s

topography ranges from the chalk of the Yorkshire Wolds and the fertile Vale of


LAQM Annual Status Report 2018 ii

Pickering in the south to the heather moorland of the North Yorkshire Moors in the

North. The natural beauty of the latter area has led to its designation as a National

Park.

Air pollution is associated with a number of adverse health impacts. It is recognised

as a contributing factor in the onset of heart disease and cancer. Additionally, air

pollution particularly affects the most vulnerable in society: children and older people,

and those with heart and lung conditions. There is also often a strong correlation with

equalities issues, because areas with poor air quality are also often the less affluent

areas1,2.

The annual health cost to society of the impacts of particulate matter alone in the UK

is estimated to be around £16 billion3.

Sources of pollution within the borough of Scarborough are largely from vehicles

moving along the three arterial routes in and out of the Borough. The Borough is

isolated from the national road and rail network, and is heavily reliant on small

number of long and relatively slow road links, in particular the A 64 to York, A 165 to

Hull and the A171 to Teesside. However, there is little traffic congestion in

Scarborough and Whitby town centres except in the summer and bank holiday tourist

seasons and when large sporting events such as the Tour de Yorkshire is in the

area.

Routes can be heavily congested, with traffic at a standstill during busy periods along

the approach to and at key junctions in the area. The trend is for minor rural roads to

have experienced the greatest increase in traffic, and this trend is likely to continue.

As well as a prime tourist destination, Scarborough is the main service centre for a

substantial rural area such that parts of the town are heavily trafficked throughout the

year.

1 Environmental equity, air quality, socioeconomic status and respiratory health, 2010

2 Air quality and social deprivation in the UK: an environmental inequalities analysis, 2006

3 Defra. Abatement cost guidance for valuing changes in air quality, May 2013


LAQM Annual Status Report 2018 iii

Scarborough is served by trans-Pennine rail link connecting with York, Manchester

and Liverpool, a service to Hull by Filey, and Whitby is served by a rail link to

Teesside and a privately owned heritage steam railway across the moor to Pickering.

Coal/solid fuel burning

There are no smoke control areas in the Borough, and the use of solid fuel including

coal for domestic heating is widespread especially in the more rural areas where it is

not seen as a significant contributor to poor air quality.

Industrial

Currently there are 30 Part B, 1 part A2 and 20 Part A1 permitted installations

operating in the Borough. This reduction since the last published Annual Status

Report is due to the reclassification of certain processes such as waste oil burners.

None of these are considered to be problematical in terms of air quality as emissions

limits are not exceeded, and there is no evidence that industrial processes operating

outside the Borough adversely affect air quality.

Air Quality Monitoring

Since December 1997 each local authority in the UK has been carrying out a review

and assessment of air quality in their area. This involves measuring air pollution and

trying to predict how it will change in the next few years. The aim of the review is to

make sure that national air quality will be achieved throughout the UK by the relevant

deadlines. These objectives have been put in place to protect people’s health.

If a local authority finds any places where the objectives are not likely to be achieved,

it must declare an Air Quality Management area there. This area could be just 1 or 2

streets, or it could be much bigger. And the local authority will put together a plan to

improve the air quality – a Local Air Quality Action Plan.

In 2004 a single Air Quality Management Area (AQMA) site in the far north of the

Borough at Staithes was declared. The AQMA at Staithes related to the burning of

solid fuel for heating. The sulphur dioxide objective has been complied with and it

was decided in 2011 that no further monitoring or interventions will be carried out in

respect of continuing exceedances of the 24-hour PM10 objective due to the influence


LAQM Annual Status Report 2018 iv

of airborne sea salt and the continuing use of solid fuel for heating purposes. Acting

on advice from Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) an

Order revoking the AQMA was issued and came into force on 29 August 2018.

Further information related to declared or revoked AQMAs, including maps of AQMA

boundaries are available online at;

https://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/aqma/details?aqmaid=119

Scarborough Borough Council carries out monitoring for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) using

diffusion tubes at twenty-one locations in the Borough. No monitoring for any other

pollutants is undertaken. All of the monitoring locations show that concentrations of

N02 are currently below the air-quality objectives.

There are no other significant sources of other pollutants within the Scarborough

Borough Council area, nor immediately outside the Borough. There are some new

housing developments within the Scarborough Borough Council District which may,

in the future, require NO2 monitoring stations.

The absence of any significant source, together with previous assessments, national

monitoring data and predictions leads to the conclusion that the air-quality objectives

for other pollutants are unlikely to be exceeded within the Scarborough Borough

Council’s district. Consequently no monitoring for other pollutants has been, or will be

undertaken at this time.

The council helps to manage air-quality by monitoring at numerous locations across

the borough, reporting results to DEFRA and feeding information to North Yorkshire

County Council (NYCC)

Actions to Improve Air Quality

The council’s main action involves monitoring at 21 sample stations across the

district. The current air-quality monitoring regime has been carried out in the

borough since 2010.

Air quality with in the district of Scarborough Borough Council continues to be below

the national limit of 40 ug/m3. While the trend for NO2 is down levels at the sampling


LAQM Annual Status Report 2018 v

stations at the Odeon and East Ayton 2 have risen slightly but are not giving cause

for concern. Strawberry Court results continue to be below the national limit but it

remains the site of our highest recorded results.

The results for sampling station Snainton 2 shows that there has been a sharp rise

over the past year in NO2. There is no obvious reasons for this but if the A64 is

closed by an accident or roadworks then traffic is diverted via the A170 which runs

through the centre of Snainton. The diffusion tube location is against a house facade

adjacent to the busy A170 carrying traffic towards Scarborough through a village with

houses that are close to the road. Vehicles are often parked on the main road which

encourages the through traffic to stop/start which is more polluting than if the traffic

was free flowing. This location is below the air quality objective level of 40 ug/m3 with

an annual concentration mean of 29.5 ug/m3 and for the moment is not giving cause

for concern.

Local priorities and challenges

The Council’s main priorities in addressing air-quality involve:

continuing monitoring at locations across the Borough

identifying potential new locations where air pollution or traffic congestion is

perceived to be a problem

reporting information to DEFRA, NYCC and other stakeholders such as Public

Health and neighbouring Local Authorities (LAs)

ensuring new developments do not have a negative impact on air quality

Challenges faced in addressing these priorities are primarily financial to diminishing

funding and monitoring resources.

Local Engagement and How to get Involved

There are currently no council run schemes aimed specifically at improving air quality

in the borough, however since January 2016 the council run initiative Active Coast

and Country delivers a multisport program and actively supports local community

clubs, thereby encouraging healthier lifestyles. Scarborough Borough Council also

runs a cycle to work scheme for its employees.


LAQM Annual Status Report 2018 vi


LAQM Annual Status Report 2018 vii

Table of Contents

Executive Summary: Air Quality in Our Area .......................................................... i

Air Quality in Scarborough Borough Council ....................................................................... i

Actions to Improve Air Quality ........................................................................................... iv

Local Engagement and How to get Involved ...................................................................... v

1 Local Air Quality Management ........................................................................ 1

2 Actions to Improve Air Quality ........................................................................ 2

2.1 Air Quality Management Areas .............................................................................. 2

2.2 Progress and Impact of Measures to address Air Quality in Scarborough

Borough Council ............................................................................................................... 4

2.3 PM2.5 – Local Authority Approach to Reducing Emissions and/or

Concentrations.................................................................................................................. 6

3 Air Quality Monitoring Data and Comparison with Air Quality

Objectives and National Compliance ...................................................................... 7

3.1 Summary of Monitoring Undertaken ...................................................................... 7

3.1.1 Automatic Monitoring Sites ............................................................................................ 7

3.1.2 Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites..................................................................................... 7

3.2 Individual Pollutants .............................................................................................. 7

3.2.1 Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)................................................................................................... 7

3.2.2 Particulate Matter (PM10) .............................................................................................. 10

3.2.3 Particulate Matter (PM2.5) ............................................................................................. 10

3.2.4 Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) .................................................................................................. 11

Appendix A: Monitoring Results ........................................................................... 12

Appendix B: Full Monthly Diffusion Tube Results for 2017 ................................ 23

Appendix C: Supporting Technical Information / Air Quality Monitoring

Data QA/QC ............................................................................................................. 25

Appendix D: Map(s) of Monitoring Locations and AQMAs ................................. 27

Appendix E: Summary of Air Quality Objectives in England .............................. 31

Glossary of Terms .................................................................................................. 32

References .............................................................................................................. 33

List of Tables

Table 2.1 – Declared Air Quality Management Areas .................................................. 3 Table 2.2 – Progress on Measures to Improve Air Quality .......................................... 5


LAQM Annual Status Report 2018 viii

List of Figures

Figure 1.1 - Scarborough Borough Council Boundary …………………………………..i

Figure 1.2 – Graph showing Nitrogen Dioxide Annual Mean Concentrations………..8



Figure 1.5 – Graph showing Nitrogen Dioxide Annual Mean Concentrations………10


LAQM Annual Status Report 2018 1

1 Local Air Quality Management

This report provides an overview of air quality in Scarborough Borough Council

during 2017 It fulfils the requirements of Local Air Quality Management (LAQM) as

set out in Part IV of the Environment Act (1995) and the relevant Policy and

Technical Guidance documents.

The LAQM process places an obligation on all local authorities to regularly review

and assess air quality in their areas, and to determine whether or not the air quality

objectives are likely to be achieved. Where an exceedance is considered likely the

local authority must declare an Air Quality Management Area (AQMA) and prepare

an Air Quality Action Plan (AQAP) setting out the measures it intends to put in place

in pursuit of the objectives. This Annual Status Report (ASR) is an annual

requirement showing the strategies employed by Scarborough Borough Council to

improve air quality and any progress that has been made.

The statutory air quality objectives applicable to LAQM in England can be found in

Table E.1 in Appendix E.



2 Actions to Improve Air Quality

2.1 Air Quality Management Areas

Air Quality Management Areas (AQMAs) are declared when there is an exceedance

or likely exceedance of an air quality objective. After declaration, the authority must

prepare an Air Quality Action Plan (AQAP) within 12-18 months setting out measures

it intends to put in place in pursuit of compliance with the objectives.

On the advice of DEFRA Scarborough Borough Council has revoked the AQMA at

Staithes. The sulphur dioxide objective has been complied with and it was decided in

2011 that no further monitoring or interventions will be carried out in respect of

continuing exceedances of the 24 hour PM10 objective due to the influence of

airborne sea salt and the continuing use of solid fuel for heating purposes. A

summary of AQMAs declared by Scarborough Borough Council can be found in

Table 2.1. Further information related to declared or revoked AQMAs, including maps

of AQMA boundaries are available online at https://uk-

air.defra.gov.uk/aqma/details?aqma. Alternatively, see Appendix D Map(s) of

Monitoring Locations and AQMA which provides for a map of air quality monitoring

locations and the Scarborough AQMA.



Table 2.1 – Declared Air Quality Management Areas

AQMA Name

Date of Declaration

Pollutants and Air Quality

Objectives

City / Town One Line

Description

Is air quality in the AQMA influenced by roads

controlled by

Highways England?

Level of Exceedance (maximum

monitored/modelled concentration at a location

of relevant exposure)

Action Plan

At Declaration

Now Name Date of

Publication Link

N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

☒ Scarborough Borough Council confirm the information on UK-Air regarding their AQMA(s) is up to date



2.2 Progress and Impact of Measures to address Air Quality in Scarborough Borough Council

Defra’s appraisal of last year’s ASR concluded that the report is well structured,

detailed, and provides the information specified in the Guidance. Scarborough

Borough Council had maintained an AQMA that was declared in 2004, with no

evidence of exceedances since 2011 when monitoring was suspended in that

area. DEFRA repeats the conclusions from the ASR report of 2016:

1. There appears no reason to maintain the current AQMA when the

objectives have been met for the last six years, with no further monitoring

to verify the AQMA.

2. For this reason we recommend that the Council should proceed with

revoking the AQMA in Staithes.

3. The monitoring for nitrogen dioxide also confirms results significantly

below objective levels at locations of relevant exposure.

The AQMA was revoked by an Order made under Environment Act 1995 Part IV

83(2)(b) which came into force on 29 August 2018

Scarborough Borough Council has taken forward a number of direct measures during

the current reporting year of 2018 in pursuit of improving local air quality. Details of

all measures completed, in progress or planned are set out in Table 2.2.

More detail on these measures can be found in their respective Action Plans.



Table 2.2 – Progress on Measures to Improve Air Quality

Measure No.

Measure EU Category EU

Classification

Organisations involved and

Funding Source

Planning Phase

Implementation Phase

Key Performance

Indicator

Reduction in Pollutant /

Emission from Measure

Progress to Date

Estimated / Actual

Completion Date

Comments / Barriers to implementation

1

Local Transport

Plan 4 (LTP4)

Policy Guidance and Development

Control

Other policy North Yorkshire County Council

N/A 2016-2045 N/A N/A N/A N/A

Objectives include Environment and Climate Change - managing the

adverse impact of transport on the

environment and Healthier Travel - promoting

healthier travel opportunities known as

'active travel'. Https://www.northyorks.go

v.uk/article/30583/l0cal-transport-plan-four-LTP4

2 Provision of Air Quality Information

Public Information

Via the Internet


N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Https://www.scarborough.

gov.uk



2.3 PM2.5 – Local Authority Approach to Reducing Emissions and/or Concentrations

As detailed in Policy Guidance LAQM.PG16 (Chapter 7), local authorities are

expected to work towards reducing emissions and/or concentrations of PM2.5

(particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5µm or less). There is clear

evidence that PM2.5 has a significant impact on human health, including premature

mortality, allergic reactions, and cardiovascular diseases.

Scarborough Borough Council does not presently conduct monitoring of PM2.5 and

there is currently no statutory requirement to do so. Information relating to

background levels of PM2.5 can be found by following the link,

https://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/data/gis-mapping



3 Air Quality Monitoring Data and Comparison with Air Quality Objectives and National Compliance

3.1 Summary of Monitoring Undertaken

Local authorities do not have to report annually on the following pollutants: 1,3

butadiene, benzene, carbon monoxide and lead, unless local circumstances indicate

there is a problem. National monitoring results are available at,

https://uk-air.defra.gov.uk

3.1.1 Automatic Monitoring Sites

Scarborough Borough Council had previously made use of an automatic monitoring

site situated in and operated by an adjacent local authority as a colocation site for

deriving a local bias adjustment factor for its NO2 diffusion tubes. This station has

since been taken out of use and we therefore now rely on nationally derived bias

adjustment.

3.1.2 Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites

Scarborough Borough Council undertook non- automatic (passive) monitoring of NO2

at 21 sites during 2017 Table A.2 in Appendix A shows the details of the sites.

Maps showing the location of the monitoring sites are provided in Appendix D.

Further details on Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC) for the diffusion tubes,

including bias adjustments and any other adjustments applied (e.g. “annualisation”

and/or distance correction), are included in Appendix C.

3.2 Individual Pollutants

The air quality monitoring results presented in this section are, where relevant,

adjusted for bias, “annualisation” and distance correction. Further details on

adjustments are provided in Appendix C.

3.2.1 Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)

The diffusion tubes were located in heavily trafficked locations in the Borough where

there is relevant exposure or potential exposure either because of the proximity of



dwellings to a major road side, or where members of the public are exposed in the

urbanised areas. Tubes were sited in compliance with the guidance contained in

DEFRA’s guidance document ‘Diffusion Tubes for Ambient NO2 Monitoring: Practical

Guidance, AEA Energy & Environment, 2008’.

The Local Transport Plan identifies Scarborough town as one of the major areas of

traffic congestion in North Yorkshire, and because of this the majority of diffusion

tube sites are in Scarborough. Other sites are on busy arterial routes through

villages, and in Whitby town centre. An urban background site in Scarborough was

also chosen for comparison.

Table A.3 in Appendix A compares the ratified and adjusted monitored NO2 annual

mean concentrations over the last 5 years with the air quality objective of 40µg/m3.

The following graphs (figures 1.2 to 1.5) show that over those past five years there

has been a downward trend in the annual mean NO2 concentrations across the

district though the results for 2016 should be treated with caution as only a part data

set was used for that reporting year due to the diffusion tubes not being collected

regularly.

Figure 1.2 shows that for the Odeon and East Ayton 2 sampling stations there has

been a slight rise in NO2 annual concentration means, however these still remain

below the national limit of 40 ug/m3.

Figure 1.2 Graph showing Nitrogen Dioxide Annual Mean Concentrations

Figure 1.3 shows an overall downward trend in the annual mean concentrations of

NO2. However the sampling station known as Snainton 2 is indicating that while NO2

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

NO

2 u

g/m

3

Years

NO2 Annual Mean Concentration (ug/m3)

Odeon

Ramshill Road 1

Ramshill Road 2

Cayton

East Ayton 1

East Ayton 2



annual mean concentration levels are well below the national limit there has still been

a marked rise in concentration levels.

Figure 1.3. Graph showing Nitrogen Dioxide Annual Mean Concentrations

In Figure 1.4 all stations are showing a downward trend in the NO2 annual mean

concentration levels. The Strawberry Court sampling station continues to be higher

than other sampling stations within the district although it is still compliant with the

government national limits of 40 ug/m3.


All sampling stations shown in figure 1.5 are situated in Whitby. The 2017 annual

mean concentration of NO2 is down on the previous year. However the sampling

station at Whitby 2, while below the national limit of 40 ug/m3, is much higher than the

0

10

20

30

40

50

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

NO

2 u

g/m

3

Years


Snainton1

Snainton 2

Valley Road

Springbank

Seamer Road 1

Seamer Road 2

0

10

20

30

40

50

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

NO

2 u

g/m

3

Years


Falsgrave Road

Strawberry Court

Manor Road

Cloughton 1

Cloughton 2

Peasholm Drive



other 2 sampling stations. This may be due to the sampling station being sited on a

steep hill which is used by domestic vehicles, buses and heavy goods vehicles

moving through the town.


SBC does not currently monitor 1-hour means. Research carried out by DEFRA and

Devolved Administrations identified a relationship between the annual mean and the

1-hour mean objective, such that exceedances in the latter were considered unlikely

where the annual mean was below 60µg/m3. This relationship will be re-evaluated

from time to time in order to confirm its validity. On this basis it is not considered

necessary to proceed with 1-hour mean monitoring at the present time.

For diffusion tubes, the full 2017 dataset of monthly mean values is provided in

Appendix B.

3.2.2 Particulate Matter (PM10)

Scarborough Borough Council does not currently undertake any monitoring PM10.

3.2.3 Particulate Matter (PM2.5)

Scarborough Borough Council does not currently undertake any monitoring PM2.5.

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

NO

2 u

g/m

3

Years

NO2 Annual Mean Concentrations (ug/m3)

Whitby 1

Whitby 2

Whitby 3



3.2.4 Sulphur Dioxide (SO2)

Scarborough Borough Council does not currently undertake any monitoring SO2.



Appendix A: Monitoring Results

Table A.1 – Details of Automatic Monitoring Sites

Site ID Site

Name Site Type

X OS Grid Ref

Y OS Grid Ref

Pollutants Monitored

In AQMA?

Monitoring Technique

Distance to Relevant

Exposure (m) (1)

Distance to kerb of

nearest road (m)

(2)

Inlet Height (m)

N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

Notes:

(1) 0m if the monitoring site is at a location of exposure (e.g. installed on the façade of a residential property).

(2) N/A if not applicable.



Table A.2 – Details of Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites

Site ID Site Name Site Type X OS Grid

Ref Y OS Grid

Ref Pollutants Monitored

In AQMA?

Distance to Relevant Exposure

(m) (1)

Distance to kerb of nearest

road (m) (2)

Tube collocated

with a Continuous Analyser?

Height (m)

Odeon Odeon Roadside 503929 488389 NO2 NO 0 2 NO N/A

Ramshill Road 1

Ramshill Road 1

Roadside 504094 487815 NO2 NO 1.4 2.7 NO N/A

Ramshill Road 2

Ramshill Road 2

Roadside 504109 487497 NO2 NO 8 2.5 NO N/A

Cayton Cayton Roadside 505466 483378 NO2 NO 0 1.1 NO N/A

East Ayton 1 eastbound

East Ayton 1 eastbound

Roadside 498998 484889 NO2 No 0.3 1.4 No N/A

East Ayton 2

East Ayton 2 Roadside 499023 484885 NO2 NO 0.4 2.2 NO N/A

Snainton1 Snainton1 Roadside 492186 482266 NO2 NO 0.1 1 NO N/A

Snainton 2 Snainton 2 Roadside 492161 482291 NO2 NO 0.1 1.2 NO N/A

Valley Road Valley Road Roadside 503288 487538 NO2 NO 7 3.6 NO N/A

Springbank Springbank Roadside 503273 487523 NO2 NO 2.2 0.4 NO N/A

Seamer Road 1

Seamer Road 1


Seamer Road 2

Seamer Road 2

Roadside 503218 487940 NO2 NO 1 2.8 NO N/A

Falsgrave Road

Falsgrave Road


Strawberry Court

Strawberry Court


Manor Road Manor Road Roadside 502929 488227 NO2 NO 10 0.6 NO N/A

Cloughton 1 Cloughton 1 Roadside 500926 494458 NO2 No 0.2 1.6 No N/A

Cloughton 2 Cloughton 2 Roadside 500922 494402 NO2 No 0.2 2 No N/A



Whitby 1 Whitby 1 Kerbside 489863 510887 NO2 NO 0 0 NO N/A

Whitby 2 Whitby 2 Roadside 489388 510619 NO2 NO 10 1.5 NO N/A

Whitby 3 Whitby 3 Roadside 489277 510331 NO2 NO 4.5 1.2 NO N/A

Peasholm Drive

Peasholm Drive

Urban background

503615 489367 NO2 NO 14 4.6 NO N/A

Notes:

(1) 0m if the monitoring site is at a location of exposure (e.g. installed on/adjacent to the façade of a residential property).

(2) N/A if not applicable.



Table A.3 – Annual Mean NO2 Monitoring Results

Site ID Site Type Monitoring

Type

Valid Data Capture for Monitoring

Period (%) (1)

Valid Data Capture

2017 (%) (2)

NO2 Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m3)

(3)

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Odeon Roadside Diffusion

Tube 100 91 33.31 36.6 35.49 31.31 33.14

Ramshill Rd 1 Roadside Diffusion

Tube 100 100 31.41 31.37 31.29 30.64 29.4

Ramshill Rd 2 Roadside Diffusion

Tube 100 91 30.83 32.96 32.53 30.48 29.6

Cayton Roadside Diffusion

Tube 100 100 17.13 18.34 17.97 16.76 16.9

East Ayton 1 Roadside Diffusion

Tube 100 100 30.52 30.82 30.74 29.43 27.8

East Ayton 2 Roadside Diffusion

Tube 100 83 22.8 23.23 22.64 21.46 23.9

Snainton1 Roadside Diffusion

Tube 100 100 34.77 34.82 35.1 32.01 29.3

Snainton 2 Roadside Diffusion

Tube 100 66 26.92 25 22.71 22.08 29.5

Valley Road Roadside Diffusion

Tube 100 100 35.46 37.06 34.88 34.02 32.3

Springbank Springbank Diffusion

Tube 100 83 28.44 29.97 29.64 30.22 28.3

Seamer Rd 1 Roadside Diffusion

Tube 100 91 36.13 38.82 35.53 35.1 31.4

Seamer Rd 2 Roadside Diffusion

Tube 100 100 32.46 32.46 30.74 28.16 27

Falsgrave Rd Roadside Diffusion

Tube 100 91 30.74 35.18 29.83 28.43 27.2

Strawberry Court

Roadside Diffusion

Tube 100 75 36.8 39.3 36.8 38.35 38



Manor Road Roadside Diffusion

Tube 100 100 27.88 32.28 25.81 21.88 22

Cloughton 1 Roadside Diffusion

Tube 100 100 14.79 18.04 17.85 15.31 14.16

Cloughton 2 Roadside Diffusion

Tube 100 91 17.79 18.73 17.09 17.51 16.37

Whitby 1 Kerbside Diffusion

Tube 100 100 22.61 23.08 22.52 22.12 20.3

Whitby 2 Roadside Diffusion

Tube 100 100 33.68 36.4 36.11 36.61 34.8

Whitby 3 Roadside Diffusion

Tube 100 83 22.39 24.09 23.12 24.3 20.1

Peasholm Drive

Urban Background

Diffusion Tube

100 100 13.82 14.05 14.44 15.96 13

☒ Diffusion tube data has been bias corrected

☒ Annualisation has been conducted where data capture is <75%

Notes:

Exceedances of the NO2 annual mean objective of 40µg/m3 are shown in bold.

NO2 annual means exceeding 60µg/m3, indicating a potential exceedance of the NO2 1-hour mean objective are shown in bold and underlined.

(1) Data capture for the monitoring period, in cases where monitoring was only carried out for part of the year.

(2) Data capture for the full calendar year (e.g. if monitoring was carried out for 6 months, the maximum data capture for the full calendar year is 50%).

(3) Means for diffusion tubes have been corrected for bias. All means have been “annualised” as per Boxes 7.9 and 7.10 in LAQM.TG16 if valid data capture for the full calendar year is less than 75%. See Appendix C for details.



Figure A.1 – Trends in Annual Mean NO2 Concentrations

0.00

5.00

10.00

15.00

20.00

25.00

30.00

35.00

40.00

45.00

50.00

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Co

nce

ntr

atio

n U

g/m

3

Year

Nitrogen Dioxide Annual Mean 2013 to 2017 (district Survey) Bias Corrected

Odeon Roundabout Ramshill 1 Ramshill 2 Cayton Main Street east Ayton 1 East Ayton 2 Saninton 1 Snainton2Valley Road Junction Spring Bank Seamer Road corner 1 Seamer Road corner 2Falsgrave Road Strawberry Court Manor Road Cloughton 1Cloughton 2 Whitby 1 Whitby 2 Whitby 3Peasholm Drive



Table A.4 – 1-Hour Mean NO2 Monitoring Results

Site ID Site Type Monitoring

Type

Valid Data Capture for Monitoring Period (%)

(1)

Valid Data Capture

2017 (%) (2)

NO2 1-Hour Means > 200µg/m3 (3)

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

Notes:

Exceedances of the NO2 1-hour mean objective (200µg/m3 not to be exceeded more than 18 times/year) are shown in bold.



(3) If the period of valid data is less than 85%, the 99.8th percentile of 1-hour means is provided in brackets.



Table A.5 – Annual Mean PM10 Monitoring Results

Site ID Site Type Valid Data Capture for

Monitoring Period (%) (1)

Valid Data Capture

2017 (%) (2)

PM10 Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m3)

(3)

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

☐ Annualisation has been conducted where data capture is <75%

Notes:

Exceedances of the PM10 annual mean objective of 40µg/m3 are shown in bold.



(3) All means have been “annualised” as per Boxes 7.9 and 7.10 in LAQM.TG16, valid data capture for the full calendar year is less than 75%. See Appendix C for details.



Table A.6 – 24-Hour Mean PM10 Monitoring Results

Site ID Site Type Valid Data Capture for Monitoring

Period (%) (1)

Valid Data Capture

2017 (%) (2)

PM10 24-Hour Means > 50µg/m3 (3)

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017


Notes:

Exceedances of the PM10 24-hour mean objective (50µg/m3 not to be exceeded more than 35 times/year) are shown in bold.



(3) If the period of valid data is less than 85%, the 90.4th percentile of 24-hour means is provided in brackets.



Table A.7 – PM2.5 Monitoring Results

Site ID Site Type Valid Data Capture for Monitoring

Period (%) (1)

Valid Data Capture

2017 (%) (2)

PM2.5 Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m3)

(3)

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017


☐ Annualisation has been conducted where data capture is <75%

Notes:



(3) All means have been “annualised” as per Boxes 7.9 and 7.10 in LAQM.TG16, valid data capture for the full calendar year is less than 75%. See Appendix C for details.



Table A.8 – SO2 Monitoring Results

Site ID Site Type Valid Data Capture

for monitoring Period (%)

(1)

Valid Data Capture 2017 (%)

(2)

Number of Exceedances 2017

(percentile in bracket) (3)

15-minute Objective

(266 µg/m3)

1-hour Objective

(350 µg/m3)

24-hour Objective

(125 µg/m3)

N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

Notes:

Exceedances of the SO2 objectives are shown in bold (15-min mean = 35 allowed a year, 1-hour mean = 24 allowed a year, 24-hour mean = 3 allowed a year)



(3) If the period of valid data is less than 85%, the relevant percentiles are provided in brackets.



Appendix B: Full Monthly Diffusion Tube Results for 2017

Table B.1 – NO2 Monthly Diffusion Tube Results - 2017

Site ID

NO2 Mean Concentrations (µg/m3)

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Annual Mean

Raw Data

Bias Adjusted (factor)

and Annualised

(1)

Distance Corrected

to Nearest

Exposure (2)

Odeon 54.46 40.72 37.73 34.19 27.75 31.81 40.74 32.08 36.38 37.53 36.26 37.24 33.14 24.8

Ramshill Rd 1 37.73 30.03 33.95 37.74 27.9 24.93 32.10 30.64 31.12 31.48 45.72 32.66 33.00 29.4 27.5

Ramshill Rd 2 46.89 31.52 35.41 34.34 33.86 28.05 30.79 29.14 33.13 31.17 31.87 33.29 29.6 23.0

Cayton 29.09 19.02 20.64 18.67 14.23 12.71 13.61 15.59 16.15 20.21 25.30 22.98 19.02 16.9 16.9

East Ayton 1 41.41 30.62 32.85 33.96 27.37 22.32 28.75 26.80 29.50 27.91 37.21 36.20 31.24 27.8 26.9

East Ayton 2 36.25 25.18 26.87 27.43 19.09 22.34 20.59 25.12 35.07 31.04 26.90 23.9 23.2

Snainton 1 49.56 24.60 39.25 39.31 27.59 28.33 31.40 33.75 34.93 <0.16 47.23 39.01 32.93 29.3 28.9

Snainton 2 35.56 35.98 26.53 19.27 <0.26 44.70 75.43 27.57 33.16 29.5 29.1

Valley Road 47.47 40.30 40.31 33.96 38.54 29.44 36.76 33.47 35.55 30.84 34.96 33.88 36.29 32.3 26.2

Springbank 50.19 30.97 32.5 34.27 30.11 24.68 25.10 29.23 32.91 27.57 31.75 28.3 23.0

Seamer Rd 1 58.46 39.64 44.26 36.42 36.94 26.42 33.37 31.31 13.16 36.18 32.04 35.29 31.4 30.2

Seamer Rd 2 40.51 32.06 32.37 36.88 31.12 21.93 25.60 25.07 27.99 26.06 33.26 31.56 30.37 27.0 25.8



Falsgrave Road 43.23 34.63 26.54 31.34 23.41 29.00 28.77 32.06 27.31 29.83 29.54 30.52 27.2 23.5

Strawberry Court 58.09 43.10 47.46 37.09 34.74 38.71 39.22 41.15 44.75 42.70 38.0 30.7

Manor Road 42.32 28.62 28.81 24.75 24.18 15.40 20.37 17.85 17.89 22.25 28.03 26.72 24.77 22.0 14.5

Cloughton 1 29.66 17.39 16.25 14.91 15.68 8.81 14.47 15.97 14.95 13.99 14.73 14.12 15.91 14.2 13.9

Cloughton 2 30.17 18.55 18.11 18.24 10.45 16.07 16.34 15.78 17.46 22.19 18.92 18.39 16.4 16.1

Whitby 1 32.44 22.43 0.33 41.73 20.71 17.28 23.37 23.10 18.94 23.01 23.68 26.53 22.79 20.3 19.2

Whitby 2 45.90 40.63 42.5 38.53 38.36 35.13 36.10 40.49 37.89 40.30 36.79 36.61 39.10 34.8 23.2

Whitby 3 28.88 22.02 24.12 27.7 22.61 19.60 13.55 23.80 21.88 21.14 22.53 20.1 16.4

Peasholm Drive 29.54 17.4 16.59 12.12 11.19 7.99 9.39 11.95 11.80 13.75 16.36 17.59 14.64 13.0 12.0

☐ Local bias adjustment factor used

☒ National bias adjustment factor used

☒ Annualisation has been conducted where data capture is <75%

☒ Where applicable, data has been distance corrected for relevant exposure

Notes:

Exceedances of the NO2 annual mean objective of 40µg/m3 are shown in bold.

NO2 annual means exceeding 60µg/m3, indicating a potential exceedance of the NO2 1-hour mean objective are shown in bold and underlined.

(1) See Appendix C for details on bias adjustment and annualisation.

(2) Distance corrected to nearest relevant public exposure.



Appendix C: Supporting Technical Information / Air Quality Monitoring Data QA/QC

Diffusion Tube Bias Adjustment Factors

The programme of monitoring for nitrogen dioxide in Scarborough borough continues

using 20% TEA in water diffusion tubes which are supplied and analysed every

month by Gradko Environmental, St Martins House, 77 Wales Street, Winchester

SO23 0RH, www.gradko.co.uk . The calendar for diffusion tube monitoring is

provided by the LAQM helpdesk, and is used by the relevant officer of the council to

timetable visits to the monitoring sites.

It is confirmed that Gradko follow the procedures set out in the document Diffusion

Tubes for Ambient NO2 Monitoring: Practical Guidance. The laboratory

demonstrated satisfactory performance in the Workplace Analysis Scheme for

Proficiency (WASP) over four of the past five quarterly rounds.

The nationally derived bias adjustment factor of 0.87 was obtained from the LAQM

Support Website at: http://laqm.defra.gov.uk/bias-adjustment-factors/national-

bias.html.





Appendix D: Map(s) of Monitoring Locations and AQMAs D1:Map of Monitoring sites at Cloughton



D3:Map of Monitoring sites at Snainton

D4:Map of Monitoring sites at Cayton



D5:Map of Monitoring sites in Scarborough

D6:Map of Monitoring sites in Whitby



D7:Map showing extent of the Scarborough AQMA at Staithes



Appendix E: Summary of Air Quality Objectives in England

Table E.1 – Air Quality Objectives in England

Pollutant Air Quality Objective4

Concentration Measured as

Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)

200 µg/m3 not to be exceeded more than 18 times a year

1-hour mean

40 µg/m3 Annual mean

Particulate Matter (PM10)

50 µg/m3, not to be exceeded more than 35 times a year

24-hour mean

40 µg/m3 Annual mean

Sulphur Dioxide (SO2)


1-hour mean


24-hour mean


15-minute mean

4 The units are in microgrammes of pollutant per cubic metre of air (µg/m

3).



Glossary of Terms

Abbreviation Description

AQAP Air Quality Action Plan - A detailed description of measures, outcomes, achievement dates and implementation methods, showing how the local authority intends to achieve air quality limit values’

AQMA Air Quality Management Area – An area where air pollutant concentrations exceed / are likely to exceed the relevant air quality objectives. AQMAs are declared for specific pollutants and objectives

ASR Air quality Annual Status Report

Defra Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs

DMRB Design Manual for Roads and Bridges – Air quality screening tool produced by Highways England

EU European Union

FDMS Filter Dynamics Measurement System

LAQM Local Air Quality Management

NO2 Nitrogen Dioxide

NOx Nitrogen Oxides

PM10 Airborne particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 10µm (micrometres or microns) or less

PM2.5 Airborne particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5µm or less

QA/QC Quality Assurance and Quality Control

SO2 Sulphur Dioxide

… …



References

Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs, Part IV of the Environment Act

1995, Local Air Quality Management: Technical Guidance LAQM.TG(16), DEFRA,

London, 2016

Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs, Part IV of the Environment Act

1995, Local Air Quality Management: Policy Guidance (PG16), DEFRA, London,

2016.

Scarborough Borough Council, Air Quality Review and Assessment, Updating and

Screening Report, April 2015.

North Yorkshire County Council, Local transport Plan (LTP) 4, February 2016.

.

Documents

Air Quality Annual Status Report · (ASR) In fulfilment of Part IV of the Environment Act 1995 Local Air Quality Management August 2018. ... Teesside and a privately owned heritage