Upload
ecrd
View
219
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
7/23/2019 Air Pollution Its Origin and Effects
1/5
CE\ VOIIWPEOH 4 EPR O\EJEH CH@ GNNGBPR
3 ( EHP\O@WBPEOH
Ck le gh p c e | e r c ke } pw |g on jcrg r
bohpcehehj clowp :=$( hep|ojgh)
7/23/2019 Air Pollution Its Origin and Effects
2/5
Chpm|ovojgheb row|bgr ehbiw`g g igb p| eb vozg|
jghg |c p eoh ) eh`wr p | ec i ch` `okgr p eb nwg i w rg )
p|chrvo|pcpeoh ch` eh`wrp|eci v|obgrr gkerreohr(
Eh c`` e p eoh ) | g nwrg ehb ehg |c p eoh ) r po |cjg ch`
mch`iehj on vgp|oigwk v|o`wbpr ch` gkerreoh on
o`o|r n|ok vwiv ch` vcvg| keiir) rpoba uc|`r ch`
r i c w j m p g | m o w r g ) g p b ( c i r o b o h p | e l w p g p o c e |
voiiwpeoh(
Pmg n o|kc peo h ch` gkerreo hr on rokg ce|
vo i iw pch pr ze pm vc | p ebw ic | g igkgh p e r l | eg n iu
`erbwrrg` mg|g(
2(3 Rwinw| Bohpcehehj Bokvowh`r
Pmg kcdo| rwinw| bohpcehehj voiiwpchpr eh
pmg cpk orvmg |g c| g o}e`gr on rwin w|-RO< ch ` RO2%
rwinw|eb cbe` kerp) rwincpg rcipr) mu`|ojgh rwine`g
gpb( Pmg ro w|bgr on cpk orvm g|e b rwi nw| bokvowh`r
c| g bok lwr pe oh on norrei nwgir ) `gbokvorepeoh on
o |jch eb kc p pg | ) rgc rv |cu o~g | obgchr ch`
~oibchogr( Cbbo|`e hj po ch grpekcp g) bohp|elwpeoh
on ch pm|ovojgh eb row|bgr eh ehp |o`wbehj rwin w| po
pmg jiolci cpkorvmg|g er ehb|gcrehj cp c |cpg on
2(7' vgu ugc|(
Pmg boklwrpeoh on norrei nwgi er pmg kceh
c h p m | o v o j g h e b r o w | b g o n r w i n w | b o h p c e h e h j
bokvowh`r eh cpkorvmg|g( Rwinw| er v|grghp eh
boci eh no|k on o|jcheb rwinw |) rwin cpgr ch` vu|epgr
ch` eh nwg i o e i r c r rw i n e`gr ) kg|bc v pc hr )
v o i u r w i n e ` g r c h ` p m e g v m g h g r ( @ w | e h j b oc i
boklwrpeoh) on pmg popci rwin w| v|grghp ) clowp 56'
er boh~g|pg` ehpo jcrgowr o}e`gr ch` |grp jogr eh
po crm cr rwi ncp gr) 55' on pm g popci gkep pg` o}e`gr
c|g RO< ch` pmg |gkcehehj cr RO2( Pmg boci er
nowh` po bohpc eh rw inw| bohpghp wvpo 7' lwp
Eh`ech bocir jghg|ciiu bohpceh igrr pmch 6(7'
rwinw| (
Mu`|ojgh rwin e`g -M
7/23/2019 Air Pollution Its Origin and Effects
3/5
boci)
7/23/2019 Air Pollution Its Origin and Effects
4/5
v o i i w p g` c e | l w p no |kg| e r ko |g r e j h e n e bch p (
Vc| p eb igr korp g nngb p e~g eh rbc p pg | ehj i ejm p c |g
pmorg ze pm r etg bokvc|clig po zc~g ighjpm on
~erelig iejmp -60(+6(: %(ek%(
Ce| voiiwpeoh ciro gnngbpr w|lc h biekcpg zepm
|grvgbp po ehb|gcrg` noj no|kcpeoh ch` |g`wbg`
roic| |c`ecp eoh( R Bmgk eppg ` `w|ehj boklwrpeoh on
norrei nwgir jgp o}e`erg` eh mwke` cpkorvmg|g po
no|k noj on rk cii rwi nw |eb cbe` `|ovig pr( Rkcii
vc| p eb igr c i ro cb p cr boh`ghrcp eoh hwbig e no|
no|kcpeoh on noj `|ovigpr(
0 (< Gn n gb p o h Kc pg | e c i r
C e | v o i i w p ch p r g n ngb p kc pg | e c i ) l o pm l u
roeiehj R9|rgii cr bmgkebci `gpg|eo|cpeoh( Rkoag
ch ` v c | p e b w i c p g r bcw rg ro e i e h j o n b io pm gr ch `rp|wbpw|gr( Cbe`eb ch` ciaciehg vc|pebigr bo||o`g
kcpg|ecir) rwbm cr pg}peigr) vcehpr) kcrohc|u gpb(
O to h g e r ~ g |u g n ngb p e ~ g e h ` g p g | e o |c p e h j ch `
b|cbaehj.n+|wlmg|( Mu`|ojgh rwine`g `c|aghr pmg
igc` lcrg vcehpr( RO?(bcwrgr zgcaghehjon igcpmg|
ch` pg}pe igr) zmg|gcr HO< ch` otohg cnngbp pmg
`ugr on v|ehpg` biopmgr(
L w e i ` e h j k c p g | e c i r c | g b o | | o ` g ` c h `
`ernejw|g` lu ce| voiiwpeoh eh c``epeoh po ho|kci
z g c p m g w h j v | o b g r r ( R k o a g c h ` p c | | u r p e b a u
cg |o ro i r c` m g |g p o r p o h gr ch ` o pm g | l w e i ` eh j
rw|ncbgr po je~g whrejmpiu bocpehjr( Cbe`eb jcrgr
rwbm cr RO< ch` RO 2 eh v|grghbg on koerpw |g |gcbp
zepm iekg rpohg po no|k bcibewk rwincpg -BcRO+e%
ch ` J uv rw k -B cR O X M t O % l o pm o n z m ebm c |g
roiwlig eh zcpg| ch` mghbg zcrmg` czcu eh |cehr(
0 (2 Gn n gb p o h ^ gj g p c p e o h
Voiiwpchpr zmebm c|g ahozh vmupopo}ebchpr
c |g rw i n w | ` eo } e` g ) v g |o } ucbg pu i h e p |c p g ch `
gpmgighg( Mozg~g| bmio|ehg) ckkohec) mu`|ojgh
bmio|e`g c i ro cnngb p pmg ~gjgpc p eoh ze pm igrr
eh pghre pu ( Pmgrg jcrgowr voi iw pch pr gh pg| pmg v ic h pr ze pm c e | pm |ow jm r po kc pc `w| ehj pmg e |
h o | k c i b o w | r g o n | g r v e | c p e o h c h ` ` g r p | o u
bm io |v m u i p o c n ng b p p m g ~ e p c i v m o p o ru h pm g p e b
cbpe~epegr(
Pm g |gr vo hr g on h vo i i w pc h p po c v ich p
rvgbegr er jo~g|hg` lu c hwklg| on ncbpo|r ieag
`orgonvoiiwpchp -bohbghp|cpeoh onv o i i w p c h p p ekgr
`w| cpe oh on g}vorw |g%) biekcpeb ch` vmureoiojebci
ncbpo|r) i eag rpcjg on j|ozpm ch` v|grghbg on ko|g
pmch ohg voiiwpchp cp c p ekg bcwrehj ruhg|jgpeb
gnngbp(
RO< ghpg|ehj pm|owjm rpokgpc o}e`ergr porwinep g) zmebm er po}eb po kgpcloi eb v|obg rrgr on pmg
vichp bgiir( Bmio|orer er c ~geu bokkoh ~erelig
ruk v po k o l rg |~ g` ` w g p o ko r p o n p m g
vmupopo}ebchpr( Mozg~g| rvgbeneb rukvpokr c|g
hopebg` no| gcbm voiiwpchp( RO< bcwrgr bmio|orer)
ligcbmg` rvopr lgpzggh ~gehr) j|ozp m rwvv|gr reoh
ch` |g`wbpeoh eh uegi`(
Otohg e r c ~g|u vopgh p ec i vmupo po}ebchp
rmoze hj pmg rukp ok r on bmio|orer -ugiiozehj% po
ligcbmehj -`erboio|cpeoh% po hgb|orer -`grp|wbpeoh
on bgiir%( Vg|o} ucbgp ui hep| cp g er |gr vohr elig no|
rei~g|ehj o| l|ohtehj oh iozg| rw|ncbg on igc~gr(
Gpmgig hg |grwip r eh igcn clho |kc iepe gr ch` niozg |
`|ovvehjr( Eh c``ep eoh vc|p ebwicpgr no|k c `e|pu
i cug | o h i gc n rw | nc bg i gc` eh j p o l io ba cj g o n
r p o kc pc ch ` bm ch j gr e h o pm g | v m ur eo io j e bc i
nwhbpeohr(
0 (0 Gn ngb p o n M w k ch M gc i pm
V o i i w p c h p r g h p g | p m g l o ` u p m | o w j m
|grve |cpo|u rurp gk zmeb m bohrerp on hcrc i bc~epu
ch` p|cbmgr ahozh cr wvvg| |grve|cpo|u rurpgkch` l|ohbmeci pwlgr ch` iwhjr zmebm bohrpepwpg
iozg| |grve|cpo|u rurpgk( Iwhjr bohpceh rg~g|ci
mwh`|g` keiieohr rkcii rcbr bciig` ci~goie zmebm
v|o~e`g c rw|ncbg c|gc gswe~cighp po 76 kD no|
g}bmchjg on jcrgr ( Ch c~g|cj g c`wi p l | gc p mgr
cvv| o}e kcp g iu 26 vowh `r on c e | vg| `cu ( Pmg
m c |knw i j crgr i e a g R6 < ) HO
7/23/2019 Air Pollution Its Origin and Effects
5/5
clig Ro vghgp|cpg `ggv eh po pmg iwhjr( Pmgrg
vc|p e`g r bohpceh c ~g|egp u on po}eb kgp cir ieag igc`)
bc`kewk) c | rgh eb ) kg|bw |u g pb ( ch` rokg
voiu hwbi gc| c|o kgp eb mu` |obc |loh r -VCM% ieag
Lghto -c % vu |ghg ) n iwo |ch pmghg ) lghto -c %
chpm|cbghg gpb( Pmgrg kgpcir c|g clro|lg` ch`
cb bw kw ic pg ` eh ` e n n g | gh p vc | p r o n pmg lo`u )
`erpw|lehj pmg ho|kci vmureoiojebci nwhbpeohr(
Pmg korp bokkoh gnngbp crrobecpg` zepm kgpci
po}ebepu c|g chcgkec) ie~g| ch` ae`hgu `ckcjg
ch` hg|~owr ch` jcrp|oehpgrpehci `erpw|lchbgr(
VCM c|g nowh` po lg bc|behojgheb(
( )+p|
C`~ g|r g g n ngb p o n jcr gow r voi e e} pch pr
`gvgh`r wvoh |gicpe~g roiwleiepu on pmg vc|pebwic|
jcr eh zc pg| ) zmebm `gbe`gr pm g |cpeo on jcr po lgclro |lg` eh wvvg | |g rv e |c po |u p | cb p po pmc p
|gc bme hj `gg v ehpo pmg iwhj r( RO< jc r er swe pg
roiwlig ch` er clro|lg` gc|iu igc`ehj po ce| zcu
|gr e r pchbg - rzg i i ehj % ch` r p ekw ic pg` kwbwr
rgb|gp eoh( Ep er ciro hopg` pmcp RO< eh boklehcpeoh
zepm mejm vc|pebwicpgr bcwrgr rg~g|ci noi` ehb|gcrg
eh epr |grvohrg cr pmg jcr clro|lg` oh pmg vc|pebigr
bch |gcbm `ggv ehpo pmg iwhjr(
Pm g jc rg r iea g HOe) BO ch ` O2 c|g
|gicpe~giu ehroiwlig ch` c|g clig po vgh gp| cpg `ggv
eh po pmg iwhjr( Hep|ojgh `eo}e`g er ahozh poe | | e p c p g c i ~ g o i e i g c ` e h j p o r u k v p o k r o n
\GNG\GHBGR
gkvmurgkc eh c``ep eoh po e pr boh~g|r eoh po
hep|orckehgr eh pmg iwhjr zmebm c|g rwrvgh`g`
bc|behojghr( O}ujgh bc||uehj bcvcbepu on lioo` er
cnngbpg` `wg po g}vorw|g po BO( Bc|loh koho}e`g
jcr zmebm er |gicpe~giu ehroiwlig) |gcbmgr poci~goie ch` `ennwrgr pm|owjm ci~goic| kgkl|chg
po |gc bp zepm mcgk oji ole h on lioo` no|k eh j
b o | l o } u + m c g k o j i o l e h ) z m e b m ` g b | g c r g r p m g
o~g|cii bcvcbepu on lioo` po bc||u o}ujgh po pmg
bg i i r ( Otohg ) no |kc i`gmu`g ) cb |o ig eh ch`
vg|o}ucbu# hep|cpgr) c|g rokg on pmg voiiwpchpr
crrobec pg` zepm vmopobmgkebci rkoj( Otohg
bcwr gr ehb |gcrg` c e | zcu |g r e r pc hbg `wg po
hc|| ozeh j on ce| pwlgr) zmg|g cr no|k ci`gmu `g)
cb|oigeh ch` vg|o}ucbui hep|cpgr c|g gug e||epchpr(
o
@ e r g c r g r o n | g r v e | c p o | u r u r p g k c | gjghg|ciiu crrobecpg` zepm pzo puvgr on |gcbpeohr po
ce| voiiwpeoh( Ohg er cbwpg |gcbpeoh |grwipehj ehpo
e||epcpe~g l|ohbmepegr ch` opmg| e r bm|oheb |gcbpeoh
b c i i g` b m | o h e b l | o h b m e p e g r c h ` v w i k o h c | u
gkvmurgkc ( L|ohbm e p eg r e r c boh` e p eoh o n
ehn ick cpe oh on l|ohb mec i p |g g zepm ehb|gcrg`
kwbwr v|o`wbpeoh ch` bowjm( Gkvmurgkc er c
boh`epeoh eh zmebm ci~goie eh pmg iwhj lgbokg
whg~gh ch` o~g|`erpghg` `wg po `grp|wbpeoh on
ci~goic| zciir( Pmer er cbbokvcheg` lu rmo|phgrr
on l|g cpm ch` `gb|gcrg ` cleiepu po gie keh cpg pmg
no|gejh lo`egr zmebm |gcbm pmg ci~goic| |gjeoh(
3( ,Ce| Voiiwpeoh ) ^oi( EE 4 Pmg Gnngbpr on Ce| Voiiwpeoh$ g`epg` lu C( B( Rpg|h) Cbc`gkeb V|gr r) H gz Uo|a(