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Air Liquide – Biogas & Fuel Cells ■ Hydrogen Energy ■ Biogas Upgrading Technology
12 June 2012 [email protected]
2 Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment
Renewable H2 to Fuel Cell, Integrated Concept Purified Biogas
3 Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment
Renewable H2 to Fuel Cell, Non-Integrated Concept
Landfill WWTP digester
Biogas membrane
Pipeline quality methane
CH4 Pipeline
Hydrogen Production To Fuel Cell Vehicles
Stationary Fuel Cells With H2 purification
Stationary Fuel Cells Direct Conversion
Directed Biomethane
4 Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment
Biogas Sources in the US
■ Landfill gas dominates (~4,000 Nm3/h typical) ■ WWTP digester gas (~1,500 Nm3/h typical)
Easier to process ■ Agricultural Digesters (~300 Nm3/h typical)
Added cost of digester Rarely upgraded.
92%
6% 2% Landfill GasWWTP Digester Gas
Agricultural Digesters
5 Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment
Landfill Gas (LFG) Utilization in the US
■ Electric generation is most common Incentives for electric (fed gov’t grants, tax credits)
■ Upgrading Typically to pipeline quality Zero US federal government incentives Some states (California) offer added “renewable value”
■ Almost ½ the US LFG is still not utilized
30%
6%17%
47%
Electric Generation
Upgrading
Direct Use
Not Yet Utilized
2,900,000 Nm3/h
6 Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment
CO2 Vent
CH4
N2 CO2,O2
H2O, H2S
Biogaz Feed 100 Nm3/h 7-14 Barg 55/45% CH4 /CO2
Product ~50 Nm3/h 1 % CO2
How the Biogaz Membrane Works
7 Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment
Air Liquide Simplified Biogaz System
H2S
Rem
oval
Pre-
Trea
t
Flar
e 2 Stage Membrane
1% CO2 Up to 99% CH4 ~1.6 x Feed N2 ~0.6 x Feed O2 Ultra Dry, Clean <4 ppm H2S
End Use
Biogas Source
8 Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment
Cleaner Than Pipeline Gas
VOCs
Siloxanes
0
500
1,000
1,500
Tota
l (pp
bv)
Raw Feed WasteStream
Sales
0
50
100
150
200
Tota
l (pp
mv)
Raw Feed WasteStream
Sales
Pipeline (Ref)
9 Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment
Air Liquide US Biogaz Reference List
Project/Location Start-upRaw Feed (MMSCFD) Sales Gas Destination
Laurel Highlands (Raeger Mtn, PA) Jul-06 4 Dominion pipeline system
Iris Glen (Johnson City, TN) Nov-06 2 Mountain Home VA Center co-gen facility
Greentree (Kersey, PA) Jul-07 12 Interstate Pipeline System of National Fuel Gas Supply Corp
Imperial (Imperial, PA) Sep-07 6 Interstate Pipeline System of National Fuel Gas Supply Corp
Shade (Cairnbrook, PA) Jun-07 4 Dominion pipeline system
Southern (Davidsville, PA) Jun-07 2 Dominion pipeline system
Oklahoma City (OKC, OK) May-08 2 Southern Star Pipeline
Carter Valley (Church Hill, TN) Nov-08 2 Intrastate pipeline system of Tengasco, Inc.
Winder (Winder, GA) Dec-08 6 Municipal Gas Authority of Georgia Local Distribution
Live Oak (Atlanta, GA) Feb-09 7 Atlanta Gas & Light Local Distribuion
Cedar Hills (Seattle, WA) Feb-09 16 Puget Sound Energy Local Distribution
Seneca (Pittsburgh, PA) Dec-10 4 Dominion pipeline system
River Birch (New Orleans, LA) May-10 9 ATMOS Pipeline, LDC
Meadow Branch (Athens, TN) Aug-11 3 Spectra Energy’s East Tennessee Pipeline
Pt Loma WWTP (San Diego, CA) Mar-12 2 SDG&E
Fresno WWTP (Fresno, CA) Mar-12 2 Local plant use
Midwest Landfill Est'd 2013 5 Pipeline, eventual CNG vehicle
TOTAL 88
10 Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment
JRE, Laurel Highlands LF, Johnstown, PA
11 Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment
Timberline Energy, Oklahoma City
12 Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment
Austria, WWTP
■ Raw gas: 250 Nm/h ■ Product gas: 98,5% CH4, 5 bar g ■ Offgas burner: Zero odors, Zero CH4 emissions
13 Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment
PT Loma WWTP, Biogas to Fuel Cell Power
■ BioFuels Energy ■ Biogas to BioMethane to 4.5 MW Fuel Cell Power ■ 3 FCE Fuel Cells
2 via directed Biomethane 1 on-site consuming actual biomethane
■ Gas processing by Air Liquide ■ Total plant built and operated by SCS
14 Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment
Air Liquide Live Oak Biomethane Plant
■ LFG from WM Live Oak Landfill, Conley, GA
■ 2000 MMBtu/Day into pipeline as directed biomethane
■ Platform for continuing biomethane related developments
End of presentation ■ Thank you for your attention
