African/Colored Civil Rights

8/13/2019 African/Colored Civil Rights

1/9

Ogrjaoh/Amfmrcd Ajvjf \jebts

Tbc Ogrjaoh-Oicrjaoh Ajvjf \jebts Imvcicht chamiposscs smajof imvcichts jh tbc Shjtcd

Qtotcs wbmsc emof wos tm chd roajof scerceotjmh ohd djsarjijhotjmh oeojhst lfoak Oicrjaohs ohdchgmrac amhstjtutjmhof vmtjhe rjebts tm tbci. Tbjs js ofsm truc gmr tbc Qmutb Ogrjaoh Oportbcjd

wbcrc Hcfsmh Iohdcfo gmuebt gmr tbc rjebts mg tbc Amfmrcd jh Qmutb Ogrjao.

Amfmrcd pcmpfc wcrc prmvjdcd wjtb rjebts mhfy o gcw dcaodcs oem ohd tbjs maaurrcd mhfy ogtcr

prcssurc grmi tbc amfmrcd amiiuhjty, tbjs jdcof bos lcch scch os o ercot pusb jh tbc djrcatjmh

mg odvohacicht jh rjebts mg Ogrjaohs jh Oicrjao ohd Qmutb Ogrjao, tbcsc ajvjf rjebts wcrc jh goat

rcoffy prmvjdcd achturjcs oem, wjtbmut ohy prcssurc hccdcd grmi tbc amfmrcd amiiuhjty, tm lc

imrc prcajsc ?4>> ycors oem. Tbcy aoic mh tbc dowhjhe mg Jsfoi; Jsfoi bos crodjaotcd off tbmsc

gofsc stohdords mr icosurcs udejhe pcmpfc ly lfmmd, goic, amfmr mr wcoftb. Jt bos cstolfjsbcd

tbot tbc lcst ohd imst bmhmrolfc mg ich js bc wbm js tbc imst pjmus ohd uprjebt jh amhduat.

Tbc fjgc mg o goimus lfoak Ogrjaoh amipohjmh mg tbc ^rmpbct mg Jsfoi (Qoffoffob Bu ofoybj

wosofoi) js ichtjmhcd lcfmw.

Ljfof jlh \olob(32>74> OD) ofsm khmwh os Ljfof of-Bolosbj,Ljfof jlh \jyob,ohd jlh \olob

wos mhc mg tbc imst trustcd ohd fmyof (amipohjmh) mg tbc . Bc wos lmrh os o sfovc mg () dcacht

tm porchts wbm wcrc sfovcs. Bc wos lmrh jh ohd js amhsjdcrcd os tbc gjrst (aoffcr tm proycr),

abmsch ly Iuboiiod (Qoffoffob Bu ofoybj wosofoi) bjiscfg.Ljfof wos oimhe tbc fjlcrotcd ly

(amipohjmh) duc tm tbc Jsfoija proatjac mg grccjhe sfovcs. Bc wos khmwh gmr bjs lcoutjguf vmjac

wjtb wbjab bc aoffcd pcmpfc tm tbcjr proycrs. Bc djcd smictjic lctwcch 712 tm 74


2/9

prcoabjhe mg rmpbct Iuboiiod (Qoffoffob Bu ofoybj wosofoi) ottroatcd Ljfof tmwords Jsfoi ohd

bc wos oimhe jts corfjcst amhvcrts. Ljfof rchmuhacd jdmf wmrsbjp ohd os o rcsuft wos sul`catcd tm

tmrturc.

^crscautjmh mg Ljfof

Ubch Ljfof's mwhcr/iostcr, gmuhd mut, bc lceoh tm vjmfchtfy tmrturc Ljfof. Ujtb Olu @obof

(fcodcr mg Icaao) jhstjeotjhe bji, Sioyyob tjcd Ljfof up ohd bod bji droeecd ormuhd jh tbc

dcscrt bcot os o icohs tm lrcok Ljfof's gojtb. Jh oddjtjmh, abjfdrch imakcd Ljfof gmr djsmlcyjhe

Sioyyob ohd rc`catjhe jdmf wmrsbjp. Oftbmueb tbc cxtcht mg tmrturc wos uhlcorolfc, Ljfof hcvcr

rchmuhacd bjs rcfjejmh. Cvch wbch tbc tmrturc wos tokch tm tbc cxtrcic, Ljfof wmufd rcpcot

"Obod Obod" (Emd js olsmfutc/mhc). Grustrotcd upmh Ljfof's rcgusof tm dchmuhac Jsfoi, Sioyyob

lcaoic cvch oherjcr. Bc mrdcrcd tbot Ljfof's fjils wcrc tm lc strctabcd mut ohd tjcd tm stokcs

fyjhe gfot mh dcscrt sohd, sm tbot bc amufd gccf tbc jhtchsjty mg tbc suh ohd tbc Oroljoh bcot. Bc

wmufd lc wbjppcd ohd lcotch wbjfc tjcd tm tbc stokcs. Amhstohtfy rcgusjhe tm dchmuhac Jsfoi,

Sioyyob lcaoic cvch imrc grustrotcd ohd mrdcrcd tbot o forec lmufdcr/stmhc lc pfoacd mhLjfof's abcst. Tbc lmufdcr bcotcd ly tbc suh lurhcd Ljfof's lmdy wbjfc ofsm arusbjhe bji.

Bmwcvcr, Ljfof rciojhcd gjri jh lcfjcg ohd amhtjhucd tm soy "Obod Obod".Ogtcr suab

puhjsbichts, hcws mg tbjs sfovc rcoabcd smic mg rmpbct Iuboiiod's (Qoffoffob Bu ofoybj

wosofoi) amipohjmhs wbm tmfd rmpbct Iuboiiod (Qoffoffob Bu ofoybj wosofoi) tbc sjtuotjmh

mg Ljfof. rmpbct Iuboiiod (Qoffoffob Bu ofoybj wosofoi)tbch scht Olu Lokr tm Sioyyob.

Olu Lokr Os-sjddjjq wcht tm tbci wbjfc tbcy wcrc tmrturjhe bji ohd sbmutcd ot tbci, "Orc ymu

kjffjhe o ioh lcaousc bc soys, nOffob js iy Fmrd="' Tbch bc sbmutcd ot Sioyob flh kbofog, "Tokc

imrc tboh bjs prjac ohd sct bji grcc." Jt wos os jg Sioyob wcrc drmwhjhe ohd bod aouebt o

fjgclmot. Jt wos tm bjs fjkjhe ohd bc wos vcry iuab pfcoscd wbch bc bcord Olu Lokr mggcrjhe tbcprjac mg bjs grccdmi, sjhac tbcy bod dcspojrcd mg sul`ueotjhe Ljfoof. Ohd os tbcy wcrc

icrabohts, tbcy rcofjzcd tbot scffjhe bji wos imrc prmgjtolfc tm tbci tboh bjs dcotb.

Tbcy smfd bji tm Olu-Lokr, ohd tbch bc fjlcrotcd bji jiicdjotcfy, ohd Ljfoof tmmk bjs pfoac

oimhe grcc ich. Ubch Os- sjddjfq put bjs ori rmuhd Ljfoof, rusbjhe wjtb bji tm grccdmi,

Sioyob sojd tm bji, "Tokc bji, jg ymu bod rcguscd tm luy bji cxacpt gmr mhc muhac mg emfd, J

wmufd bovc smfd bji tm ymu." Olu Lokr rcofjzcd tbc ljttcrhcss mg dcspojr ohd djsoppmjhticht

bjddch jh tbcsc wmrds. Jt wos opprmprjotc hmt tm ohswcr, lut lcaousc tbcy vjmfotcd tbc djehjty

mg tbjs ioh wbm bod lcamic bjs lrmtbcr ohd bjs cquof, bc ohswcrcd Sioyob soyjhe, "Ly Offob,

jg ymu bod rcguscd tm scff bji cxacpt gmr o buhdrcd muhacs, J wmufd bovc pojd jt." Bc dcportcd

wjtb bjs amipohjmh tm tbc Icsschecr mg Offob (Qoffoffob Bu ofoybj wosofoi), ejvjhe bji hcws mg

bjs fjlcrotjmh, ohd tbcrc wos o ercot acfclrotjmh.


3/9

Ijerotjmh

Jh 7


4/9

Erovc mg Ljfof, jh Lol of-Qoebjr (Qyrjo)

Acictcry.

Olu Dborr, tbc fcodcr mg tbc trjlc mg Ebjgor, ohd mhc wbm oaacptcd Jsfoi jh jts corfy doys,

horrotcs0

Mhac J wos amhvcrsjhe wjtb Ljfof. Mur amhvcrsotjmh eovc woy tm o djsputc. Ohery wjtb bji, tbc

gmffmwjhe jhsuft lurst grmi iy imutb0 'Zmu aohhmt amiprcbchd tbjs, M smh mg o lfoak wmioh!'

Os Jsfoi cxprcssfy gmrlodc off kjhds mg roajof, trjlof ohd amfmr djsarjijhotjmh, Ljfof wos lmtb upsct

ohd ercotfy ohecrcd.

O wbjfc fotcr o ioh aoic ohd tmfd ic tbot tbc Icsschecr mg Emd, upmh bji lc pcoac ohd

lfcssjhes, suiimhcd ic. J wcht tm bji jiicdjotcfy. Bc sojd tm ic0

'J bovc lcch jhgmricd tbot ymu oddrcsscd Ljfof os tbc smh mg o lfoak wmioh.'

J wos dccpfy osboicd ohd amufd soy hmtbjhe. Emd's Icsschecr (Qoffoffob Bu ofoybj wosofoi)

amhtjhucd bjs rcprjiohd0 'Tbjs icohs ymu stjff rctojh tbc stohdords ohd `udeichts mg tbc prc-Jsfoija doys mg jehmrohac. Jsfoi bos crodjaotcd off tbmsc gofsc stohdords mr icosurcs udejhe

pcmpfc ly lfmmd, goic, amfmr mr wcoftb. Jt bos cstolfjsbcd tbot tbc lcst ohd imst bmhmrolfc mg

ich js bc wbm js tbc imst pjmus ohd uprjebt jh amhduat. Js jt rjebt tm dcgoic o lcfjcvcr `ust

lcaousc bc js lfoak='

Olu Dborr gcft prmgmuhd rcimrsc. Bc wcht strojebt tm Ljfof's bmusc ohd, puttjhe bjs bcod mh tbc

dmmr stcp, sojd0 'Tbjs bcod wjff hmt rjsc grmi bcrc uhtjf tbc lfcsscd gcct mg Ljfof trcod mh tbc goac

mg gmmfjsb, jipmfjtc Olu Dborr.'

Ljfof rcspmhdcd0 'Tbot goac dcscrvcs tm lc kjsscd, hmt trmddch upmh', ohd gmreovc Olu Dborr.

Dcotb

Qmic smuracs stotc tbot ogtcr ^rmpbct Iuboiiod's

(Qoffoffob Bu ofoybj wosofoi) dcotb, Ljfofoaamipohjcd tbc Iusfji orijcs, tm Qyrjo.

Ljfof's dcotb js djsputcd lctwcch bjstmrjohs. Qmic

lcfjcvc tbot bc djcd jh 712 OD. Ubjfc mtbcrs lcfjcvc

bc djcd jh 74< OD. Jt js sojd tbc Ljfof wos 71 ycors mfd

wbch bc djcd.

Tbc io`mrjty mg bjstmrjohs lcfjcvc tbot Ljfof's oatuof

erovc js ot Lol of-Qoebjr jh Doiosaus, Qyrjo. Bmwcvcr,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bilal-al-Habashi.jpg


5/9

Ljfof's erovc jh Oiioh, @mrdoh

tbcrc js ohmtbcr erovc jh tbc mutskjrts mg Oiioh, @mrdoh, jh o vjffoec aoffcd "\olobjyo". Tbjs

erovc js scch os o sbrjhc lujft jh Ljfof's bmhmr.

Ubch Ljfof's wjgc rcofjzcd tbot dcotb wos opprmoabjhe Ljfof, sbc lcaoic smrrmw. Jt js

dmauichtcd tbot sbc arjcd ohd sojd,

"Ubot o pojhguf oggfjatjmh!"

Bmwcvcr, Ljfof ml`catcd bjs wjgc's mpjhjmh ly stotjhe,

"Mh tbc amhtrory, wbot o boppy maaosjmh! Tmimrrmw J

wjff icct iy lcfmvcd Iuboiiod ohd bjs bmst (bjzl)!"

Fceoay

Bjs jipmrtohac mh o huilcr mg fcvcfs js jhamhtcstolfc. Iuczzjh eujfds, cspcajoffy tbmsc jh Turkcy

ohd Ogrjao, bovc trodjtjmhoffy vchcrotcd tbc mrjejhof proatjtjmhcr mg tbcjr hmlfc prmgcssjmh. , os owbmfc, gccf o spcajof afmschcss ohd kjhsbjp tm Ljfof. Qjhac bc wos oh Ctbjmpjoh, ogtcr off, wbm bod

lcch cxacptjmhoffy afmsc tm rmpbct Iuboiiod (Qoffoffob Bu ofoybj wosofoi), ohd js o imdcf mg

stcodgosthcss ohd dcvmtjmh tm tbc gojtb. Tbc stmry mg Ljfof js tbc dcimhstrotjmh mg Jsfoi's vjcws

mg icosurjhe pcmpfc hmt ly tbcjr hotjmhofjty hmr smajof stotus hmr roac, lut icosurjhe pcmpfc ly

tbcjr Toqwob (pjcty). Ubjab js dcimhstrotcd jh ^rmpbct Iuboiiod's (Qoffoffob Bu ofoybj

wosofoi) jh Ijho0

M pcmpfc! Zmur Fmrd js mhc Fmrd, ohd ymu off sborc tbc soic gotbcr. Tbcrc js hm prcgcrchac gmr

Orols mvcr hmh-Orols, hmr gmr hmh-Orols mvcr Orols. Hcjtbcr js tbcjr prcgcrchac gmr wbjtc pcmpfc

mvcr lfoak pcmpfc, hmr gmr lfoak pcmpfc mvcr wbjtc pcmpfc. ^rcgcrchac js mhfy tbrmueb

rjebtcmushcss.

^rmpbct Iuboiiod (Qoffoffob Bu ofoybj wosofoi), Tbc Gorcwcff QcrimhJh ?254, Cdword Ujfimt Lfydch, o gmricr sfovc mg Ogrjaoh dcsacht, wrmtc0


6/9

Tbc cfmqucht Odzoh mr Aoff tm ^roycr, wbjab tm tbjs doy suiimhs ot tbc soic bmurs ijffjmhs mg

tbc buioh roac tm tbcjr dcvmtjmhs, wos gjrst uttcrcd ly o Hcerm, Ljfof ly hoic, wbmi ^rmpbct

Imboiicd (Qoffoffob Bu ofoybj wosofoi), oppmjhtcd tbc gjrst Iuczzjh mr Arjcr.

Dmcsh't jt smuhd truc= Dmcs tbjs iokc

schsc=

Tm amhvcrt tm Jsfoi ohd lcamic o Iusfji

off o pcrsmh hccds tm dm js prmhmuhac tbc

lcfmw tcstjimhy wjtb amhvjatjmh ohd

uhdcrstohdjhe jts icohjhe0

"J tcstjgy tbot tbcrc js hm truc emd lut

Offob (Emd) ohd tbot Iuboiiod js tbc

Qcrvoht & Icsschecr mg Emd."

\cofjzcymur purpmsc jh fjgc lcgmrc jts tmm

fotc

UbyJQFOI.mre

Jsfoi\cfjejmh.ami

TbcDcchQbmw.ami


7/9

Oatjvjst mreohjzotjmhs

Hotjmhof/rcejmhof ajvjf rjebts mreohjzotjmhs

Amhercss mg \oajof Cquofjty (AM\C)

Hotjmhof Ossmajotjmh gmr tbc Odvohacicht

mg Amfmrcd cmpfc (HOOA^)

Qmutbcrh Abrjstjoh Fcodcrsbjp Amhgcrchac

(QAFA)

Qtudcht Hmh-vjmfcht Ammrdjhotjhe

Amiijttcc (QHAA)Qmutbcrh Amhgcrchac Cduaotjmhof Guhd

(QACG)

Hotjmhof Amuhajf mg Hcerm Umich (HAHU)

Fcodcrsbjp Amhgcrchac mh Ajvjf \jebts

(FAA\)

Icdjaof Amiijttcc gmr Buioh \jebts

(IAB\)

Qmutbcrh Qtudcht Mreohjzjhe Amiijttcc

(QQMA)

Amiimh Ermuhd \cfjcg

Hotjmhof camhmija cipmwcricht

mreohjzotjmhs

Srloh Fcoeuc

Mpcrotjmh Lrcodloskct

Fmaof ajvjf rjebts mreohjzotjmhs

\cejmhof Amuhajf mg Hcerm Fcodcrsbjp

(Ijssjssjppj)Amuhajf mg Gcdcrotcd Mreohjzotjmhs

(Ijssjssjppj)

Umich's mfjtjaof Amuhajf (Imhtemicry, OF)

Imhtemicry Jiprmvcicht Ossmajotjmh

(Imhtemicry, OF)

Oflohy Imvcicht (Oflohy, EO)

Wjrejhjo Qtudchts Ajvjf \jebts Amiijttcc

Jhdjvjduof oatjvjsts

\ofpb Olcrhotby

Wjatmrjo Eroy Odois

Aforo FupcrTburemmd Iorsboff

@oics Icrcdjtb

Fmrch Ijffcr

@oak Ijhhjs

Ohhc Immdy

Borry T. Immrc

\mlcrt orrjs Imscs

Ljff Imycr

Djohc Hosb

Dchjsc HjabmfosC. D. Hjxmh

Dovjd Hmfoh

@oics Mrohec

Hoh Ermeoh Mrrmak

\mso ^orks

\utfcdec corsmh

Ecmrec \oyimhd @r.

@oics \ccl

Efmrjo \jabordsmh

Oicfjo Lmyhtmh \mljhsmh

@m Ohh \mljhsmh

\uly Dmrjs Qijtb-\mljhsmh

Loyord \ustjh

Afcvcfohd Qcffcrs

Aborfcs Qbcrrmd

Grcd Qbuttfcswmrtb

Imd`csko Imhtcjtb Qjikjhs

\cv. Aborfcs Kchzjc Qtccfc

A. T. Wjvjoh

Uyott Tcc Uofkcr

Bmsco UjffjoisIofamfi R

Ohdrcw Zmuhe

\cfotcd oatjvjsts ohd ortjsts

Ioyo Ohecfmu

@moh Locz

@oics Lofdwjh

Borry Lcfogmhtc

\ofpb Luhabc

Euy Aorowoh

\mlcrt Aortcr


8/9

Cffo Lokcr

@oics Lofdwjh

Iorjmh Lorry

Dojsy Lotcs

Goy Lcffoiy ^mwcff

@oics LcvcfAfoudc Lfoak

Shjto Lfoakwcff

@ufjoh Lmhd

Oicfjo Lmyhtmh

Ohhc Lrodch

Aorf Lrodch

Iory Gojr Lurks

Qtmkcfy Aorijabocf

Qcptjio Afork

Dmrmtby AmttmhAfoudcttc Amfvjh

@mhotboh Dohjcfs

Ohhjc Dcvjhc

Dmrjs Dcrly

Iorjoh Urjebt Cdcfioh

Icdeor Cvcrs

Iyrfjc Cvcrs-Ujffjois

@oics F. Goricr, @r.

Korf Gfcijhe

@oics Gmrioh

Grohkjc Iusc GrcciohDjak Ercemry

^rotbjo Boff

Gohhjc Fmu Boicr

Fmrrojhc Bohslcrry

Fmfo Bchdrjaks

Oormh Bchry

Iyfcs Bmrtmh

T. \. I. Bmword

Ujhsmh Budsmh

@cssc @oaksmh@jiijc Fcc @oaksmh

Csou @chkjhs

Efmrjo @mbhsmh-^mwcff

Afydc Kchhord

Amrctto Qamtt Kjhe

Iortjh Futbcr Kjhe, @r.

Lcrhord Fogoycttc

Ujffjoi Qfmohc Amggjh

Mssjc Dovjs

Iobofjo @oaksmh

\uly Dcc

@oics Dmilrmwskj

U. C. L. Du LmjsWjrejhjo Durr

Lml Dyfoh

@mbh Bmpc Grohkfjh

@oak Ercchlcre

Ohho Orhmfd Bcdecioh

Dmrmtby Bcjebt

Aborftmh Bcstmh

Bmword Pjhh

Aforchac @mrdoh

Qtctsmh KchhcdyOrtbur Kjhmy

Ujffjoi Kuhstfcr

Qtouebtmh Fyhd

Amhstohac Lokcr Imtfcy

Hjabcffc Hjabmfs

Tburemmd Iorsboff

@oics Icrcdjtb

Fmrch Ijffcr

@oak Ijhhjs

Ohhc Immdy

Borry T. Immrc\mlcrt orrjs Imscs

Ljff Imycr

Djohc Hosb

Dchjsc Hjabmfos

C. D. Hjxmh

Dovjd Hmfoh

@oics Mrohec

Hoh Ermeoh Mrrmak

\mso orks

\utfcdec corsmhEcmrec \oyimhd @r.

@oics \ccl

Efmrjo \jabordsmh

Oicfjo Lmyhtmh \mljhsmh

@m Ohh \mljhsmh

\uly Dmrjs Qijtb-\mljhsmh

Loyord \ustjh


9/9

U. U. Fow

@oics Fowsmh

@mbh Fcwjs

Wjmfo Fjuzzm

@mscpb Fmwcry

Outbcrjhc FuayAforo Fupcr

Afcvcfohd Qcffcrs

Aborfcs Qbcrrmd

Grcd Qbuttfcswmrtb

Imd`csko Imhtcjtb Qjikjhs

\cv. Aborfcs Kchzjc Qtccfc

A. T. WjvjohUyott Tcc Uofkcr

Bmsco Ujffjois

Iofamfi R

Ohdrcw Zmuhe

Documents

African/Colored Civil Rights