Upload
alexandra-dickerson
View
233
Download
4
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Afghanistan Independent Land Authority
متحد به رشد اجتماعی و اقتصادی
Committed to Social & Economic Growth www.arazi.gov.af
Historic and current institutional developments in Afghanistan’s land sector
By: Jawad PeikarCEO of Afghanistan Independent Land Authority
Government Islamic Republic of Afghanistan
March 25th, 2014
Structure of Presentation
Afghanistan and Land Facts in a Glance;
Traditional Land Administration (Kings - 1933);
Moderate Land Administration (1933 - 1978);
Radical Land Administration (1978 - 2001); &
Modern Land Administration (2001 - Up To Date).
1
2
3
4
5
Structure of Presentation -
Afghanistan and Land Facts in a Glance
1
Afghanistan in a Glance
Its history and culture goes back over 5,000 years; Its ancient name is Aryana, its medieval name is
Khorasan and its modern name is Afghanistan; Afghanistan has been founded in 1747; It has been a buffer state between British and
Russians and got its Independence in 1919; It has 32 million population with a majority under the
age of 24 years; It is a 652,230 sqkm, land-locked country; GDP per Capita: $1,100 (2012 est); Afghanistan's living standards are among the lowest
in the world
Land In a Glance
There are 65 million hectares of total lands in Afghanistan;o 7.8 million hectares Agriculture lands; o 30 million hectares of pastures lands;o 8 million hectares of dessert lands;o 1.9 million hectares of forests; ando 17.5 million hectares of mountains, rivers shores, rocky
areas. Between 1965 to 1978 only around 34% of Afghanistan lands
had been surveyed; Only less than 30% properties in urban areas and less than 10%
of properties in rural areas have been registered by official institutions of the state;
More than 80% of lands in the country are unregistered; and Court has strong role in Land Administration in the country.
Structure of Presentation -
Traditional Land Administration (Kings - 1933)
2
Highlights Of This Period:
• All lands considered state lands until 1921;
• Commodity taxation until 1921;
• Land as king gift;• Land used for
agriculture mostly.
• Taxation improved;• Private Ownership
introduced legally;• Land distributed to
selected people;• Monetary taxation
introduced, and• Tax payers listed.
• Kings;• Ministry of Finance;
and• Tribes, jirgas and
influential people
• 1880, Taxation started on lands;
• Rights of Ownership in1923;
• Traditional LM; &• New Policies &
Private Ownership in 1921
Land ConceptOutcomes
Land Administration
ImplementingInstitution
Structure of Presentation -
Moderate Land Administration (1933 - 1978)
3
Highlights Of This Period:• Modernization in LM
and LA;• Small LM Unit
established;• Upgraded to
Directorate• Cadastre Survey
Institute;• 1965-1978
33% surveyed
• Kings/President;• Ministry of Interior• Ministry of Finance;• High Council;• Special Court
• State, Public, Private;• Land survey & Self
Reporting Taxation • Moderate re-
distribution and Land Ceiling.
• Survey institute;• Professional Surveyor;• 33% lands surveyed;• Proper land books
made; and• Not sustainable LR
Land ConceptOutcomes
Land Administration
ImplementingInstitution
Structure of Presentation -
Radical Land Administration (1978 - 2001)
4
Highlights Of This Period:
• Radical land ceiling & re-distribution;
• Acquisition without compensation;
• Conditional private ownership Constitution1980
• PDPA;• Ministry of Agriculture;
and• Provincial and District
level Special Committees.
• Public, Cooperatives & Private Lands;
• Natural resources and buildings – state property; &
• Oxymoron Land Regulatory
• The land reform was not implemented in most part of the country;
• Stopped in 1987 and then in 1994 by Mujaheedin.
Land ConceptOutcomes
Land Administration
ImplementingInstitution
Structure of Presentation -
Modern Land Administration (2001 up to date)
5
Highlights Of This Period:
• Regulatory Environment Reform;
• Non-biased Policies; and
• Follows International good practices.
• MAIL;• Independent Land
Authority (ARAZI)• Proposed HCL; &• Villages Commissions.
• Private, public, state & proposed village lands; and
• Modern approach.
• New Policies;• IT component;• Five Years Strategy;• Governance; &• Observe lessons
learned from the past.
Land ConceptOutcomes
Land Administration
ImplementingInstitution
Afghanistan Land Policy Objectives prepares Land Administration for the future:
Provide every Afghan with access to land; Promote and ensure a secure land tenure
system; Encourage the optimal use of land resources; Establish an efficient system of land
administration; and Ensure that land markets are efficient,
equitable, environmentally sound and sustainable to improve productivity and alleviate poverty.
2007
Modern Land Administration (2001 up to date)
Land
Management
Law
The Proposed Amendments for the LML Are Institutional:
Administrative Land Administration; Village or Villages Special Lands; Village Land Commission; Gender neutrality; Fighting corruption provisions; More streamlining in Land Lease processes; Private sector allowed to do land survey;
and Accepting customary documents as
ownership documents.
Modern Land Administration (2001 up to date)
Land Acquisition
Law
The Proposed Amendments for the Land Acquisition Law are institutional:
The law custodianship issue; Covers both rural and urban lands; Resettlement Section in the Law; Compensation for directly and indirectly
affected people; Just, fair and market value compensation; Public consultation & public hearings; Land acquisition leads to welfare; and All kinds of occupants of lands considered for
compensation.
Modern Land Administration (2001 up to date)
An Operational Strategy to
Become a Modern Public Land
Services Institution
Five Years Strategic Plan is a Roadmap For Strengthening Land Administration Institutions in the Country:
Defines vision, mission and objectives;
Vision: An independent, effective and efficient public institution that provides transparent land services, contributing to stability and growth;
Objectives: Primary, Secondary and Tertiary objectives
2014 - 2018
Modern Land Administration (2001 up to date)
Modern Land Administration (2001 up to date)
Land Survey Function
Land
Man
g/Adi
m
Independent Land Authority
Past Present Future
One Stop Shop
Merging of Cadastre Department was a good step toward strengthening Land Administration Institutions:
ALRMIS Is an Enterprise Integration System:
Workflow
WorkflowGISLR
Lease
Valuation
Inventory &Classification
Registration
Disputes
RightsClarification
GoIRA Agencies
Management & Monitoring
Public Access
Modern Land Administration (2001 up to date)
ARAZI is currently working with the USIP to develop a model for Land Disputes Resolution!
Modern Land Administration (2001 – up to date)
An important step toward strengthening land administration institutions in the country and in establishing ARAZI as a transparent and clean land authority will be the application of the Land Governance Assessment Framework (LGAF).
ARAZI is currently working with the World Bank to conduct LGAF in the country:
Modern Land Administration (2001 up to date)
Before ARAZI With ARAZI$0
$500,000$1,000,000$1,500,000$2,000,000$2,500,000$3,000,000$3,500,000
$140,000
$3,400,000
With ARAZI Land Lease Revenue Has Increased Drastically!
Years
Reve
nue
by $
Before ARAZI With ARAZI0
102030405060
52
9
Land Lease Process Has Been Streamlined!
Years
Steps
Modern Land Administration (2001 up to date)
ARAZI already has success stories to share:
rWhat Makes Modern LA Different?
We have Vision, Mission, Strategic Objective and Logical Framework to asses the progress against
the “indicators” We believe that “Land Administration” is a administrative procedures and governance wise
it is different from “LM”. We believe in “One Stop Shop” Land
Administration.
We believe Land Administration should be less costly and more effective and sustainable.
We observe the “Lessons Learned” in the new policy initiatives for Land Administration Reform
in the country. We have listed all our priorities for the coming
five years under one strategic plan. We are committed to hear experts’
recommendations and consider international good practices in the reform process.
و اجتماعی رشد به متحداقتصادی
Committed to Social & Economic Growth
Thank You!
Afghanistan Independent Land Authority