AFAMS

Genitourinary System and Sex Hormones

EO 003.01 Part 21

AFAMS

Overview of Lesson(Insert Dari)

Gynecological Anti-infectives and anti-septics

Other Gynecologicals

Sex hormones and modulators of the genital system

Urologicals- Antispasmodics- Drugs used in benign prostatic

hypertrophy

Insert Dari

AFAMS

What I need to know as a pharmacy technician(Insert Dari)

In this lecture we will cover the drugs listed in the ANA Formulary which are classified according to the ATC system under

(G) Genitourinary and Sex Hormones

For each of these medications/classes students must obtain an understanding of:

(1) Mechanism of Action

(2) Indications (Uses)

(3) Efficacy

(4) Side Effects

Insert Dari

AFAMS

AFAMS

Gynecological Anti-infectives and Antiseptics

(Insert Dari)

AFAMS

AFAMS

Mechanism of Action Metronidazole - interferes with protein synthesis of the yeast. Clotrimazole – interferes with cell membrane synthesis of the yeast.Nystatin – Degrades the cell wall of the yeast.

Indication (Uses) Used to treat vaginal yeast infections.

Insert Dari

Metronidazole, Clotrimazole and Nystatin(Insert Dari)

AFAMS

Side Effects May cause some minor skin irritation.

Important Points • For external use only.• Apply at bedtime.

Insert Dari

Metronidazole, Clotrimazole and Nystatin(Insert Dari)

AFAMS

Oxytocics(Insert Dari)

AFAMS

AFAMS

Methylergonovine(Insert Dari)

Mechanism of Action Increases the tone, rate and strength of contractions of the smooth muscles of the uterus.

Indication (Use) To stop bleeding that occurs after a birth.

Side Effects•High blood pressure•Headache•Upset stomach

Important PointsAdministered intravenously.

Insert Dari

AFAMS

Sex hormones and modulators of the genital system(Insert Dari)

AFAMS

Ovaries

Produce estrogen, which promotes the development of female sex characteristics and controls the menstrual cycle.

Also produces progesterone, which controls development of the endometrium (layer of tissue/blood lining the inside the uterus which supports a growing fetus and is shed during menstruation).

Hormones of the female genital system(Insert Dari)

Insert Dari

AFAMS

AFAMS

Noethisterone and Progesterone(Insert Dari)

Mechanism of ActionBoth are synthetic forms of the naturally occuring hormone progesterone.

Indications (Use) Abnormal menstrual symptoms (very heavy bleeding, severe pain etc.). Can be used in the treatment of infertility. It is used to stop endometrial changes in women after menopause, who are getting estrogen therapy.

Insert Dari

AFAMS

Noethisterone and Progesterone(Insert Dari)

Side Effects• Feeling dizzy. Rise slowly

over a few minutes when sitting or lying down.

• Headache.• Belly pain.• Upset stomach or throwing

up. • Enlarged breasts/breast

pain.• Muscle pain.• Joint pain.

Insert Dari

AFAMS

Urologicals(Insert Dari)

AFAMS

AFAMS

Flavoxate(Insert Dari)Mechanism of action

Relaxes the muscles of the bladder.

Indication (Use) Is used to treat an overactive bladder. This means that a person is having to urinate more frequently than normal to the point that it interrupts their ability to function.

Side Effects

Headache.

•Feeling sleepy.

•Dizziness.

•Blurred eyesight.

•Dry mouth.

•Upset stomach.

Insert Dari

AFAMS

Tamsulosin(Insert Dari)Mechanism of action

Relaxes the smooth muscle in the bladder neck and prostate causing an improvement of urine flow.

Indication (Use) Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) – enlarged prostate. Kidney stone

Side Effects• Feeling dizzy. Rise slowly

over a few minutes when sitting or lying down.

• Headache.• Nose stuffiness.• Change in sex ability

Insert Dari

AFAMS

What is benign prostatic hypertrophy? (Insert Dari)

Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) is an enlarged prostate.

The prostate is a gland that surrounds the urethra (the tube that carries urine from the bladder out through the penis).

Symptoms include:

Needing to urinate often, especially at night

Having trouble starting to urinate (this means that you might have to wait or strain before urine will come out)

Having a weak urine stream

Leaking or dribbling urine

Feeling as though your bladder is not empty even after you urinate

Insert Dari

AFAMS

What is a kidney stone? (Insert Dari) Kidney stones are just what

they sound like: Small stones that form inside the kidneys.

They form when salts and minerals that are normally in the urine build up and harden.

Kidney stones usually get carried out of the body when you urinate. But sometimes they can get stuck on the way out. If that happens, the stones can cause:• Pain in your side or in the lower part of your belly• Blood in the urine (which can make urine pink or red)• Nausea or vomiting • Pain when you urinate • The need to urinate in a hurry

Insert Dari

AFAMS

Questions?(Insert Dari)

AFAMS

In-class Assignment(Insert Dari)

This assignment will consist of 3 questions which are to be completed individually. Once complete the instructor will review the answers with the class.

Insert Dari

AFAMS

1.Which of the following is NOT used to treat a yeast infection?

(Insert Dari)

A) Clotrimazole

B) Metronidazole

C) Progesterone

D) Nystatin

Insert Dari

AFAMS

1.Answer: Which of the following is NOT used to treat a yeast infection?

(Insert Dari)

A) Clotrimazole

B) Metronidazole

C) Progesterone

D) Nystatin

Insert Dari

AFAMS

2. Which of the follow is NOT a condition that is treated with progesterone?

(Insert Dari)

A. Abnormal menstrual symptoms (very heavy bleeding, severe pain etc.).

B. Can be used in the treatment of infertility.

C. It is used to stop endometrial changes in women after menopause, who are getting estrogen therapy.

D. All of the above

Insert Dari

AFAMS

2. Answer: Which of the follow is NOT a condition that is treated with progesterone?

(Insert Dari)

A. Abnormal menstrual symptoms (very heavy bleeding, severe pain etc.).

B. Can be used in the treatment of infertility.

C. It is used to stop endometrial changes in women after menopause, who are getting estrogen therapy.

D. All of the above

Insert Dari

AFAMS

3. Which of the following is a side effect of flavoxate? (Insert Dari)

A) Dry mouth

B) Decreased ability to urinate

C) Inability to sleep

D) Stuffy nose

Insert Dari

AFAMS

3. Answer: Which of the following is a side effect of flavoxate?

(Insert Dari) A) Dry mouth

B) Decreased ability to urinate

C) Inability to sleep

D) Stuffy nose

Insert Dari