Advantages & Limitations

7/31/2019 Advantages & Limitations

1/15

Facility layout and location

Advantages & limitationsOf

Process layout, Product layout,

Project layout


2/15


3/15

Process or functional type of layout is

useful when the products are non-

standard

OR

There is a wide variation in the processing

times of individual operations.


4/15

Advantages of process layout :

1. Lower capital investment on account of

comparatively less number of machinesand lower cost of general purpose ofmachine.

2. Higher utilization of available equipment.

3. Greater flexibility in regards to allocationof work to equipment and worker.

4. Breakdown of equipment, absenteeism of

the workmen or non availability of certainmaterial does not dislocate themanufacturing activity on the shop floor.


5/15

5. Workers attain greater skills since they

have to attend to one type of machines andoperation.

6. Imbalance of work in one section does not

affect the working of other sections.7. New jobs with varying work contents and

different operations sequences can be

taken up without any difficulty.

8. Variety of jobs make the job interesting to

workmen.


6/15

Product A Product B Product C


7/15

Disadvantages :

1. For the volume of production, space

requirements are higher.2. Material handling can not be mechanized

which adds to the extra cost.

3. W.I.P. inventory is higher since the jobshave to queue up for each operation.

4. Inspection requires to be done after each

operation. This causes delays in work.5. Set up cost is high because of frequentchanges of jobs.


8/15

Product or line layout

Product type of layout is mainly concentrating

on sequence of work. Flow of material is

unidirectional. Special type of machinery

and equipments are required. Sometimes

equipments are duplicated to avoid

backward tracking.


9/15

Advantages :

1. Manufacturing cycle is small which reducesthe W.I.P.

2. Material handling is minimum andautomatic.

3. Space required is small as the use ofconveyors is there.

4. The work is simplified by breaking the taskin small elements.

5. Quality control is easy to exercise.6. Production control is simplified due to lesser

variety.


10/15

7.delivery commitments are more reliable

and easy to conform.8. Material can be scheduled easily and

more accurately.


11/15

Product A Product B Product C


12/15

Disadvantages :

1. The change in products and work contentsnecessitate the change in layout of themachinery.

2. All machines may not be used to their

fullest capacity.3. Manufacturing cost is heavily dependent

upon the volume of production.

4. Breakdown in any one of the machines inthe line renders other machines idle tillthe machine is repaired.


13/15

6. Specialization creates the monotony and

reduces labor turnover as workers can notfind jobs in other industries.


14/15

Project or fixed position layout

Project type of industries such asmanufacturers of aero planes, ships,

locomotives, large turbines etc.The heavy material, components or sub

assemblies, under this layout remainfixed at one place.

Men, machine, material is required to bebrought to the site.


15/15

Here in this case cost of transportation is

very high

Documents

Advantages & Limitations