Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing

Volume 387

Series editor

Janusz Kacprzyk, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Polande-mail: kacprzyk@ibspan.waw.pl

About this Series

The series “Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing” contains publicationson theory, applications, and design methods of Intelligent Systems and IntelligentComputing. Virtually all disciplines such as engineering, natural sciences, computerand information science, ICT, economics, business, e-commerce, environment,healthcare, life science are covered. The list of topics spans all the areas of modernintelligent systems and computing.

The publications within “Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing” areprimarily textbooks and proceedings of important conferences, symposia andcongresses. They cover significant recent developments in the field, both of afoundational and applicable character. An important characteristic feature of theseries is the short publication time and world-wide distribution. This permits a rapidand broad dissemination of research results.

Advisory Board

Chairman

Nikhil R. Pal, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, Indiae-mail: nikhil@isical.ac.in

Members

Rafael Bello, Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas, Santa Clara, Cubae-mail: rbellop@uclv.edu.cuEmilio S. Corchado, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spaine-mail: escorchado@usal.esHani Hagras, University of Essex, Colchester, UKe-mail: hani@essex.ac.ukLászló T. Kóczy, Széchenyi István University, Győr, Hungarye-mail: koczy@sze.huVladik Kreinovich, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, USAe-mail: vladik@utep.eduChin-Teng Lin, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwane-mail: ctlin@mail.nctu.edu.twJie Lu, University of Technology, Sydney, Australiae-mail: Jie.Lu@uts.edu.auPatricia Melin, Tijuana Institute of Technology, Tijuana, Mexicoe-mail: epmelin@hafsamx.orgNadia Nedjah, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazile-mail: nadia@eng.uerj.brNgoc Thanh Nguyen, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wroclaw, Polande-mail: Ngoc-Thanh.Nguyen@pwr.edu.plJun Wang, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Konge-mail: jwang@mae.cuhk.edu.hk

More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/11156

Thi Thi Zin • Jerry Chun-Wei LinJeng-Shyang Pan • Pyke TinMitsuhiro YokotaEditors

Genetic and EvolutionaryComputingProceedings of the Ninth InternationalConference on Genetic and EvolutionaryComputing, August 26–28, 2015, Yangon,Myanmar – Volume I

123

EditorsThi Thi ZinFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of MiyazakiMiyazakiJapan

Jerry Chun-Wei LinSchool of Computer Science andTechnology

Harbin Institute of Technology ShenzhenGraduate School

ShenzhenChina

Jeng-Shyang PanCollege of Information Science andEngineering

Fujian University of TechnologyFuzhouChina

Pyke TinFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of MiyazakiMiyazakiJapan

Mitsuhiro YokotaFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of MiyazakiMiyazakiJapan

ISSN 2194-5357 ISSN 2194-5365 (electronic)Advances in Intelligent Systems and ComputingISBN 978-3-319-23203-4 ISBN 978-3-319-23204-1 (eBook)DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-23204-1

Library of Congress Control Number: 2015946740

Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or partof the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations,recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmissionor information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilarmethodology now known or hereafter developed.The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in thispublication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt fromthe relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in thisbook are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor theauthors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein orfor any errors or omissions that may have been made.

Printed on acid-free paper

Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland is part of Springer Science+Business Media(www.springer.com)

Preface

This volume composes the proceedings of the Ninth International Conference onGenetic and Evolutionary Computing (ICGEC 2015), which was hosted byUniversity of Computer Studies, Yangon and was held in Yangon, Myanmar on26–28, August, 2015. ICGEC 2015 was technically co-sponsored by Springer,Ministry of Science and Technology, Myanmar, University of Computer Studies,Yangon, University of Miyazaki in Japan, Kaohsiung University of AppliedScience in Taiwan, Fujian University of Technology in China and VSB-TechnicalUniversity of Ostrava. It aimed to bring together researchers, engineers, and poli-cymakers to discuss the related techniques, to exchange research ideas, and to makefriends.

93 excellent papers were accepted for the final proceeding. Three plenary talkswere kindly offered by: Professor Chin-Chen Chang (IEEE Fellow, IET Fellow,Feng Chia University, Taiwan), Professor Yutaka Ishibashi (IEICE Fellow, NagoyaInstitute of Technology, Japan), and Professor Jun Murai (Keio University, Japan).Prof. Jun Murai is known as the “Internet samurai” and, in Japan has also beencalled “the father of the Internet in Japan”.

We would like to thank the authors for their tremendous contributions. Wewould also express our sincere appreciation to the reviewers, Program Committeemembers and the Local Committee members for making this conference successful.Finally, we would like to express special thanks for the financial support fromUniversity of Miyazaki, Japan in making ICGEC 2015 possible.

June 2015 Thi Thi ZinJerry Chun-Wei Lin

Jeng-Shyang PanPyke Tin

Mitsuhiro Yokota

v

Conference Organization

Advisory Committee Chairs

Hiromitsu Hama Honorable Professor, Osaka City University, JapanPyke Tin Former Rector, University of Computer Studies,

MyanmarBin-Yih Liao Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences, TaiwanFujio Imai University of Miyazaki, JapanJun Murai Keio University, Japan

Advisory Committee Members

Thomas Coughlin USAR.M. Phatarfod AustraliaThein Oo Myanmar ICT Development Cooperation, MyanmarTakashi Toriu Osaka City University, JapanToshiaki Itami University of Miyazaki, JapanMasahiro Hamano Asia SEED, JapanAkinori Nishihara Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan

General Chairs

Kyaw Zwa Soe Ministry of Science and Technology, MyanmarTatsuo Suganuma University of Miyazaki, JapanVaclav Snasel VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, Czech Republic

Program and Steering Committee Chairs

Jeng-Shyang Pan Fujian University of Technology, ChinaXin Huan Jiang Fujian University of Technology, ChinaThi Thi Zin University of Miyazaki, Japan

vii

Local Organization Committee Chairs

Mie Mie Mie ThetThwin

University of Computer Studies, Yangon, Myanmar

Aye Myint Yangon Technological University, Myanmar

Invited Session Chairs

Junzo Watada Waseda University, JapanChing-Yu Yang National Penghu University, TaiwanShu-Chun Chu Flinders University, Australia

Publication Chairs

Mitsuhiro Yokota University of Miyazaki, JapanJerry Chun-Wei Lin Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Graduate

School, China

Finance Chairs

Mie Mie Khin University of Computer Studies, Mandalay, MyanmarSoe Soe Khaing University of Technology (Yatanarpon Cyber City),

Myanmar

Social Event Chairs

Myint Myint Than Myanmar Computer Federation, MyanmarNay Chi Lai Lai Thein ICTTI, MyanmarNang Saing Mon Khan University of Computer Studies, Yangon, Myanmar

Program Committee Members

Noriyuki Hayashi University of Miyazaki, JapanKoichi Tanno University of Miyazaki, JapanSaw Sandar Aye University of Information Technology, MyanmarMoe Pwint University of Computer Studies, Mandalay, MyanmarWin Aye Computer University, Mandalay, MyanmarThin Thu Naing Computer University, Taunggyi, MyanmarAung Win University of Technology (YCC), MyanmarKhin Mar Lar Htun Computer University, Hinthada, MyanmarMyat Thidar Mon University of Information Technology, MyanmarThandar Thein Computer University, Aubin, MyanmarEi Ei Hlaing Computer University, Taungoo, MyanmarNilar Thein Computer University, Meikhtila, Myanmar

viii Conference Organization

Myint Myint Khaing Computer University, Pinlon, MyanmarNan Saw Kalayar Computer University, Taunggyi, MyanmarThan Nwe Aung University of Computer Studies, Mandalay, MyanmarKhun Oo Myanmar Computer Federation, MyanmarTianhua Liu Shenyang Normal University, ChinaChang-Tsun Li University of Warwick, UKSheau-Dong Lang Central Florida University, USAFeng-Cheng Chang Tamkang University, TaiwanYuh-Yih Lu Minghsin University of Science and Technology,

TaiwanYueh-Hong Chen Far East University, TaiwanFa-xin Yu Zhejiang University, ChinaChin-Chen Chang Feng Chia University, TaiwanAlexander Gelbukh National Polytechnic Institute, MexicoA. Fuster-Sabater Institute of Applied Physics, SpainAurora Trinidad

Ramirez PozoFederal University of Parana, Brazil

Brijesh Verma Central Queensland University, AustraliaChien-Chang Hsu Fu-Jen Catholic University, TaiwanChung-Huang Yang National Kaohsiung Normal University, TaiwanChang-Shing Le National University of Tainan, TaiwanChao-Chun Chen Southern Taiwan University, TaiwanCheng-Hsiung Hsieh Chaoyang University of Technology, TaiwanChian C. Ho National Yunlin University of Science Technology,

TaiwanDjamila Ouelhadj University of Portsmouth, UKEnrique Herrera-Viedma University of Granada, SpainGheorghita Ghinea Brunel University, UKGeorgios Ch. Sirakoulis Democritus University of Thrace, GreeceYue Li Nankai University, ChinaHuey-Ming Lee Chinese Culture University, TaiwanIsabel Jesus Institute of Engineering of Porto, PortugalIsabel L. Nunes Universidade Nova Lisboa, PortugalJorge Nunez Mc Leod Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, ArgentinaJiun-Huei Ho Cheng Shiu University, TaiwanJose Alfredo F. Costa Federal University (UFRN), BrazilKazumi Nakamatsu University of Hyogo, JapanKwok-Yan Lam Tsinghua University, ChinaLily Lin China University of Technology, TaiwanLotfi Ben Romdhane Lotfi Ben Romdhane, TunisiaMassimo De Gregorio Istituto di Cibernetica, ItaliaMario Koeppen Kyushu Institute of Technology, JapanMichal Wozniak Wroclaw University of Technology, PortugalMohsen Askari University of Technology Sydney, AustraliaMauricio Papa University of Tulsa, USA

Conference Organization ix

Ramin Halavati Sharif University of Technology, IranShu-Chuan Chu Cheng-Shiu University, TaiwanSebastian Ventura University of Cordoba, SpainSelva S. Rivera Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, ArgentinaYung-Jong Shiah Kaohsiung Medical University, TaiwanMichael N. Vrahatis University of Patras, GreeceXiao-Jun Zeng University of Manchester, UKXiao-Zhi Gao Helsinki University of Technology, FinlandYongjian Hu South China University of Technology, ChinaYu-lung Lo Chaoyang University of Technology, TaiwanYusuke Nojima Osaka Prefecture University, JapanZhigang Zeng Huazhong University of Science and Technology,

ChinaXinpeng Zhang Shanghai University, ChinaJun-Bao Li Harbin Institute of Technology, ChinaYongping Zhang Hisilicon Technologies Co., ChinaAlbert B. Jeng Jinwen University of Science and Technology, TaiwanWang Lidong National Computer Network Emergency Response

technical Coordination Center of China, ChinaTsung-Che Chiang National Taiwan Normal University, TaiwanShow-Jane Yen Mining Chuan University, TaiwanJung-San Lee Feng Chia University, TaiwanWen-Yang Lin National University of Kaohsiung, TaiwanJulio Cesar Nievola Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Parana, BrazilStefanos Gritzalis University of the Aegean, GreeceJerry Chun-Wei Lin Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Graduate

School, ChinaMartine De Cock Ghent University, BelgiumRuqiang Yan Southeast University, ChinaYung-Fa Huang Chaoyang University of Technology, TaiwanYau-Hwang Kuo National Cheng kung University, TaiwanChia-Chen Lin Providence University, TaiwanLi Yao University of Manchester, UKJae C. Oh Syracuse University, USAEstevam R. Hruschka Jr. Federal University of Sao Carlos, BrazilHeitor Silverio Lopes Federal University of Technology Parana, BrazilShi-Jay Chen National United University, TaiwanShiuh-Jeng Wang Central Police University, TaiwanIzzettin Temiz Gazi University, TurkeyAkira Asano Hiroshima University, JapanAndri Riid Tallinn University of Technology, EstoniaSylvain Piechowiak University of Valenciennes, FranceWang Feng Kunming University of Science and Technology, ChinaMing-Wen Hu Tamkang University, TaiwanKun-Huang Kuo Chienkuo Technology University, Taiwan

x Conference Organization

Yi-Nung Chung National Changhua University of Education, TaiwanJenn-Kaie Lain National Yunlin University of Science and Technology,

TaiwanTsung-Chih Lin Feng-Chia University, TaiwanChyuan-Huei Thomas

YangHsuan Chuang University, Taiwan

Eiji Uchino Yamaguchi University, JapanShu-Hua Hua Jinwen University of Science and Technology, TaiwanRung-Ching Chen Chaoyang University of Technology, TaiwanShie-Jue Lee National Sun Yat-Sen University, TaiwanYong Zhang Shenzhen University, ChinaLuciano Sanchez Oviedo University, SpainDonato Impedovo Politecnico di Bari, ItalyHsu-Yang Kung National Pingtung University of Science and

Technology, TaiwanTien-Tsai Huang Lunghwa University of Science and Technology,

TaiwanZhiyong Zhang Henan University of Science and Technology, ChinaYuh-Chung Lin Tajen University, TaiwanGuan-Hsiung Liaw I-Shou University, TaiwanYuchi Ming Huazhong University of Science and Technology,

ChinaS.N. Omkar Indian Institute of Science, IndianMohammed Al Rashidi Public Authority for Applied Education and Training

(PAAET), KuwaitJie Jing Zhejiang University of Technology, ChinaMaurice Clerc Independent Consultant, FranceK.W. Wong City University of Hong Kong, Hong KongS.N. Singh Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, IndianZhihua Cui Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, ChinaMarco Mussetta Politecnico Di Torino, ItalyLing Wang Tsinghua University, ChinaShing Chiang Tan Multimedia University, MalaysiaJonathan Hoyin Chan King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi,

ThailandYin Chai Wang University Malaysia Sarawak, MalaysiaWeng Kin Lai MIMOS Berhad, MalaysiaG. Sainarayanan ICT Academy of Tamil Nadu, IndiaSheng-Yuan Yang St. John’s University, TaiwanMariacarla Staffa Universita’ degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, ItalyWu-Chih Hu National Penghu University of Science and

Technology, TaiwanDeng-Yuan Huang Dayeh University, TaiwanPei-Yin Chen National Cheng Kung University, TaiwanTsung-Han Tsai National Central University, Taiwan

Conference Organization xi

Zhijian Wu Wuhan University, ChinaSanyou Zeng China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), ChinaLei Wang Xi’an University of Technology, ChinaQingzheng Xu Xi’an Communication Institute, ChinaMu-Song Chen Da-Yeh University, TaiwanHsiang-Cheh Huang National University of Kaohsiung, TaiwanPhilippe Fournier-Viger University of Moncton, Canada

xii Conference Organization

Contents

Part I Swarm Intelligence and Its Applications

Improving the Searching Capacity of Evolved Bat Algorithmby the Periodic Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Pei-Wei Tsai, Sijing Cai, Vaci Istanda, Lyu-Chao Liao and Jeng-Shyang Pan

Image Segmentation Using KFTBES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Yi-Fan Li, Wei Cui, Jeng-Shyang Pan, Jun-Bao Li and Qiang Su

Evolved Bat Algorithm with Increase-Wave Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Pei-Wei Tsai, Shunmiao Zhang, Yuan Liu, Yao He and Jeng-Shyang Pan

A New Digital Image Compression Method Using ChrestensonTransform. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Mingyong Zhou, Zhongkan Liu and Hiromitsu Hama

Intelligent Algorithms and Their Application in Electrical ImpedanceTomography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Xin Lu and Mingyong Zhou

Design of Multifunctional Communication Card Based on ReflectiveMemory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Shou-Da Jiang, Jia-Yu Zhao and Chang-An Wei

Computation of Large-Scale Electric Field in Free Space. . . . . . . . . . . 55Chang-An Wei, Qiao-Chu Cui, Lian-Lei Lin and Shou-Da Jiang

An Investigation on Maximum Entropy Estimation Basedon Chrestenson Transform. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65Mingyong Zhou, Zhongkan Liu and Hiromitsu Hama

xiii

A Niching Genetic Algorithm Including an Inbreeding Mechanismfor Multimodal Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71Atsushi Ueno, Naoki Hagita and Tomohito Takubo

Part II Intelligent Data Security and Wearable Computing

Robust Reversible Colour Image Digital Watermarking Using OffsetCoefficient Technique. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83Ching-Yu Yang and Wen-Fong Wang

Analysis of Movement Effectiveness in Badminton Strokeswith Accelerometers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95Wen-Fong Wang, Ching-Yu Yang and Deng-Yi Wang

A Simple and Non-invasive Measurement Method Importantfor Conserving Large Animals Underwater. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105Tadamichi Morisaka, Mai Sakai, Kazunobu Kogi and Hiromitsu Hama

Characterization of Malware Detection on Android Application . . . . . 113Chit La Pyae Myo Hein and Khin Mar Myo

Enhancement of Preventing Application Layer Based on DDOS Attacksby Using Hidden Semi-Markov Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125Ko Ko Oo, Kyaw Zaw Ye, Hein Tun, Kyaw Zin Lin and E.M. Portnov

Heuristic Rules for Attack Detection Charged by NSL KDD Dataset . . . 137Khaing Shwe Wutyi and Mie Mie Su Thwin

Private Cloud Deployment Model for Academic Environment UsingCloudStack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155Thinn Thu Nanig

Two Methods for Color Constancy Based on the Color CorrelationMatrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165Takashi Toriu, Mikiya Hironaga and Naoya Hasebe

Machine Learning Techniques for Myanmar Word-SenseDisambiguation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175Phyu Phyu Khaing and Than Nwe Aung

Part III Advance Image and Signal Processing Technologyand Applications

A Graph Representative Structure for DetectingAutomorphic Graphs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189Yu Wai Hlaing and Kyaw May Oo

xiv Contents

A Method of Wavelength Selection of Multispectral Imagefor the Separation of Tumor Region . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199Kayo Yoshimoto, Hideya Takahashi, Kenji Yamada and Shigeto Yoshida

Analysis of Signal Variation Based on Path Loss in LTE Network . . . . 209Zin Mar Myo and Myat Thida Mon

Automatic Response Analyzer with Multiple Choices in ClassroomUsing Image Processing and Cards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219Hiroshi Kamada, Kazuaki Masuda and Keisuke Yamada

Design and Implementation of Real Time Vision Systemfor Recognizing Features of Lane Boundary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229Aung Kyaw Tun, Kyaw Zaw Ye and L.G. Gagarina

Fish Classification Based on Robust Features Selection UsingMachine Learning Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237Than Thida Hnin and Khin Thidar Lynn

Multi-face Tracking with Occlusion Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247Yea-Shuan Huang and Chin-Ie Chang

Regions Labeling in Outdoor Scene Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259Kyawt Kyawt Htay and Nyein Aye

Segmentation of Video Image Using Changing Detectionand Block Based Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269Mie Mie Tin and Mie Mie Khin

Part IV IPv6 Operational Technologies and Network Applications

A Study of the IPv6 Service Availability Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . 279Shian-Shyong Tseng, Ai-Chin Lu, Ching-Heng Ku, Sheng-Wei Kuoand Geng-Da Tsai

Automated Home Agent Configuration for Mobile IPv6 . . . . . . . . . . . 289Wuttipon Noopetch and Sinchai Kamolphiwong

RPKI Deployment: Risks and Alternative Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299Xiaowei Liu, Zhiwei Yan, Guanggang Geng, Xiaodong Lee,Shian-Shyong Tseng and Ching-Heng Ku

Building the Virtual Experiment Learning Activities to FacilitateIPv6 Online Training. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311Jun-Ming Su, Shian-Shyong Tseng and Ting-Wei Lin

Contents xv

Defense Denial-of Service Attacks on IPv6 WirelessSensor Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319Chia-Mei Chen, Sung-Chien Hsu and Gu-Hsin Lai

Filtering Duplicated Location in Tracking Traffic Data . . . . . . . . . . . . 327Swe Swe Aung and Thinn Thu Naing

Finding Shortest Path and Transit Nodes in Public TransportationSystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339Myat Thu Zar and Myint Myint Sein

Modified Priority Search Tree for Location AwareExtracting Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349Linn Linn Phway and Myint Myint Sein

A Novel Research Topic Ranking System in Academic Networks . . . . . 361Thi Thi Zin, Pyke Tin and Hiromitsu Hama

SLA Guaranteed Migration Decision Model UsingMCDM Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369Zar Lwin Phyo

Part V Recent Progress in Computational Electromagnetic Dynamics

Evaluation of Localized Polarized Light Generated by NanoAntennas for High-Density All-Optical Magnetic Recording. . . . . . . . . 383Shinichiro Ohnuki, Keisuke Tatsuzawa, Yuta Takano, Yoshito Ashizawaand Katsuji Nakagawa

A Formulation of Electromagnetic Scattering by Defected PeriodicCylinder Array Embedded in Dielectric Slab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391Koki Watanabe

Numerical Examination on Transmission Properties of FBGby FDTD Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403Angger Abdul Razak and Mitsuhiro Yokota

Numerical Examination on Validity and Usefulness for FDTDBased on Alternative Direction Implicit Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411Tatsuaki Mitsui and Mitsuhiro Yokota

Numerical Examination on Propagation Loss Properties in Case HumanBodies Exist Near the Transmitter Using the FDTD Method . . . . . . . . 421Shota Sakakibara and Mitsuhiro Yokota

xvi Contents

Measurement of Udder Surface Temperature in CowsUsing Infrared Thermometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429Yuki Nakagawa, Noor Agha Nassary, Kiichi Fukuyama and Ikuo Kobayashi

River Flood Prediction Using Markov Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435Thinn Htet Htet San and Mie Mie Khin

Multiplier Changing Overclocking Method for ProcessorIntensive Tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 445Win Win Aung

Test Path Optimization Algorithm Compared with GABased Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455Aye Aye Kyaw and Myat Myat Min

Author Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465

Contents xvii