Adjectives and Adverbs - myenglishtutorhk.com

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Adjectives & Adverbs

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SUMMARY

Adj. Adv.

An adjective adds something to a noun:

• The fast car

• The clever student

An adverb adds something to a verb, adjective, adverb or preposition:

• He listened carefully.

• It was a very busy day.

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Sometimes, adverbs are placed before the verb, if they are used to emphasise the action:

Adverb placementAdverbs are usually placed after the verb:

He sat quietly. We ran quickly.

She suddenly slammed the door shut. The child greedily ate the cake.


How to form adverbs from adjectives1. Adverbs are usually formed by adding ‘-ly' to the adjective:

Adjectives Adverbs

slow > slowly

patient > patiently

quick > quickly

certain > certainly

calm > calmly

fluent > fluently

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How to form adverbs from adjectives2. Adjectives with ‘l’ at the end: add ‘-ly’ to form the adverb:

Adjectives Adverbs

careful > carefully

hopeful > hopefully

usual > usually

cheerful > cheerfully


How to form adverbs from adjectives3. Adjectives with ‘e’ at the end: some of them remove the ‘e’ when they become adverbs:

Adjectives Adverbs

true > truly

gentle > gently

simple > simply

comfortable > comfortably

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How to form adverbs from adjectives4. Adjectives with ‘e’ at the end: some of them keep the ‘e’ when they become adverbs:

Adjectives Adverbs

brave > bravely

polite > politely

nice > nicely

creative > creatively

accurate > accurately


How to form adverbs from adjectives5. Adjectives with ‘y’ at the end: take away ‘y’ and add ‘-ily’:

Adjectives Adverbs

happy > happily

lazy > lazily

busy > busily

noisy > noisily

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How to form adverbs from adjectives: Exceptions

1. Some adjectives do not change when they become adverbs:

Adjectives Adverbs

wide > wide

early > early

straight > straight

fast > fast

daily > daily



2. Some adjectives change completely when they become adverbs:

Adjectives Adverbs

good > well

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3. Some adjectives have a different meaning if you make them an adverb by adding ‘-ly’.

hard (adj) He is a hard worker.

hard (adv) He works hard.

hardly (adv) I can hardly (barely) stay awake.

A. hard




late (adj) I am going to be late.

late (adv) The show started late.

lately (adv) I haven’t watched TV lately (recently).

B. late

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near (adj) I am near the front of the stage.

near (adv) The singer came near me.

nearly (adv) I nearly (almost) fainted.

C. near


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