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Additive Solutions for Manmade Fibers and Nonwoven Materials BY DR VAMAN G KULKARNI DIRECTOR OF POLYMER ADDITIVES DEVELOPMENT AMERICHEM
A dditives play an important role in the manufacture and use of manmade fibers
including textiles nonwovens and geotshyextUes Different additives fulfill various needs ranging from process enhanceshyment to imparting specific end use properties The need for specialized functional additives such as antimicroshybials flame-retardants (ultraviolet) UV stabilizers antistatics tracers and others is on the rise owing to the use of manshymade fibers in a wide range of applicashytions This article discusses various functional additives as well as solution dyeing as a green coloring technology
Weathering performance is critical in many fiber and nonwoven applicashytions such as commercial carpets awningoutdoor fabrics synthetic turf and geotextiles The effects of weathshyering are a combination of chemical and physical effects that occur when textile materials are exposed to outshydoor conditions
Polymeric materials used to make synthetic fibers are susceptible to heat and sunlight and require stabilization during process ing and long-term use UV radiation has a profound effect on service Ii fc of texti Ie materials Further depending on the chemistry or the polymer moisture and oxygen playa role in weathering The degradashytion of fibers and textile materials is manifested by changes in mechanical and physical properties as well as yelshylowing of the polymer
Depending on the chemistry of the polymer hindered amine light stabilizshyers (HALS) or UV absorbers can be used to protec t the textiles from the damaging effects of UV radiation
UV absorbers as the name implies absorb the damaging UV radiation and diSSipate the energy at
80
70
60 ~ c-o SO
J c ~ 40 a ~ 30middotu coc
20~
10
0
Figure 1 Efficacy of two UV stabilization packages on 4 dpf (-14 ~m) natural polyester as a
function of UV exposure
110$ c 105 0
p 100c Qj Qj 95 ~
gt 90u nI 85c ~ 80
2000 4000 6000 8000 10000
Hours ISO 4892-2
UV 1
Figure 2 Efficacy of two UV systems on synthetic turf green formulation as a function of
bull PET Neat
j
250 500 750 1000
Hours - J 1960
UV exposure
lower wavelengths HALS on the other hand act as free radical scavshyengers and hydroperoxide decomshyposers to quench the damaging effects of UV radiation
Most fibers used in textiles and carshypets are very thin ranging in thickness from about 2 denier per filament (dpO to 20 dpf 00 11m to about 45 11m) and do not provide su rficienr absorption depth which puts an additional chalshylenge on selection of UV absorbers
Often combination systems are required for optimum performance
Pigments espeCially carbon black have been known to provide protecshytion against UV radiation and the proper choice of titanium dioxide is needed for effective stabilization OrganiC and inorganic pigments proshyvide varying degrees of protection against weathering Figure 1 shows the stabilizing effect of two UV systems on 4 dpf polyester fiber and Figure 2
22 August 2013 wwwfiberjournal com
FIBERENGINEERIN~G~_________________________________
Figure 3 Vertical burn test results of polyester fiber containing 75 masterbatch compared with neat polyester and polyester fiber made using an inherently FR polyester chip
shows the effect of two UV packages in synthetic turf green formulation
Flame retardant (FR) textiles such as upholstery fabrics bedding and carpets find application in hotels apartments and transportation The use of haloshyge na ted compounds is synonymous with flame retardancy In combina tion with antimony trioxide they have been the mainstay of FR plas ti cs as inexpenshysive and effective flam e-re ta rdams However owing to regulatory and env ishyronm ental footprint considerations they arc currently out of favor
Mineral fl ame-retardants are typishycally not an option for textiles and nonwovens owing to th e large amount of additive need ed The synthetic fiber industry led by polyester has long adopted phosphorous as the preferred FR chemistry Phosphorous and nitroshygen chemistries are commonly used as FR additives for manmade fibers including nylon and polypropylene
Phosphorous containing coshymonom ers and oligo me rs are employed in the manufacture of FR polyester containing a defined amount of phosp horous The phosphorous
thus becomes an integral part of the polymer and offers durability coupled with excellent flame re tardancy Such a product is typically supplied as a res in and is spun as a neat polymer
With the d emand for tuned pershyfonn ance coupled with in creased demand for recyc led fiber the industry is looking for a mas terbatch approach to produce yarns with varying amounts of phosphorous
Over the past few years Americhem has been working to deve lop a mastershybatch solution to impart FR properties to polyester fiber Metal phosphinates and more recently polyphosphinates are employed to impart FR properties to polyester fibers and tex tiles
Americhem offers several s tandard and cus tomized products with tuned performance-based phosphorous chemistry that offer inherent durable and eco-friendl y flam e retardancy to
polyet hylene terephthalate (PET) and polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT)
At a use rate of 5-8 depending on the fabric construction one can achieve Ml classification as per NF P 92-507 (2004) and pass several other
industry standards Shown in Figure 3 are verti cal burn tests on specimens containing 75 Americhem mas te rshyba tch compared with specimens made with neat PET and indus try standard PET FR chip
Technologies based on nitrogen and nitrogenphosphorous chemistries have been developed for imparting FR properties to polyamide (PA) 6 PA 6 6 a nd polypropylene (PP ) fibers However unlike polyester the te chshynology for PA and PP fibers is not that well advan ced Newer formulations are being developed to address the growing need in the market
Microbes are all around us Some are beneficial and others can cause probshylems The growth of microbes on textile materials leads to foul odors discolshyoration and in some cases loss o f textile properties The nutrients in sweat body warmth moisture and dark atmosphere are ideal conditions for bacterial growth
There has been an increasing demand for textiles and nonwovens vvi th antimicrobial properties in a wide range of applica tions In addition to
medical and healthcare applications
24 August 2013 wwwfiberjournalcom
Contact time (hour)
Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 CFUsample
Eschenchia coli ATCC 8739 CFUsample
Control 26 x 10 27 X 10l
ohour (C) 25 x 105 24 x 105
ohour (8) 22 x 105 26 x 105
24 hour (A) lt100 lt100
Reduction (R) gt9996 gt9995
Table 1 Efficacy of Americhem antimicrobial masterbatch in PET at 3 use rate
there is a drive by todays consumer to embrace the fresh and well-being aspect in textiles as a result antimishycrobial tex tiles are routinely used in performance apparel undergarments hosiery and home textiles
Textiles containing antimicrobial additives must be effective against a broad range of microbes and be effective after multiples washes While a range of antimicrobial solutions are available silshyver-based antimicrobials are the most suited for use with manmade fibers
Leading textil e fibers such as polyshyester and PA are melt spun at temperashytures in the range of 270-295degC This requires that the antimicrobial additive be stable a t these temperatures during compounding and spinning stages
Silver-based antimicrobials can be successfully incorporated into synthetshyic fibers by addition during the spinshyning process owing to their high thershymal stability Further the additive becomes an integral pan of the textile
fiber enhancing durability Tab le 1 shows the efficacy of
Americhem antimicrobial masterbatch in PET CFUsample refers to colony fonning unit per sample
Antistatic fibers and nonwoven structures are wielely used in many applications such as carpets and texshytil es c1eanroom fabrics and medical textil es Antistatic agents reduce the electros tati c propensity of fib e rs Antistatic agents can be broadly classi shyfied as migrating and permanent antisshytats ( inherently dissipative polymers and those based on conductive fill ers)
Migrating antistats are typically used in nonwovens and s hort-term applications Such chemistries work by attracting water crea ting a conducshytive pathway that dissipates the charge buildup Typical surface resistivities attained are in the 1011 to 10 12 O sq
Antistatic fibers used in textiles and carpets on the other hand require lower resistivities and demand perma-
Surface Resistivity Static Decay NFPA 99)
ASTM D-257 Seconds
OhmsSq Seconds
50 RH20 RH 50 RH20 RH
Spunbond PP No Discharge Observed
Spunbond PP with antistat 1 036246
Spunbond PP with antistat 2 ND ND022
ND =Not determined
Table 2 Effect of antistatic additives on the static decay of spun bond polypropylene
nent antistatic properties These are typically based on co nductive particles such as carbon black or antimony-coatshyed titanium dioxid e The conductive compound is incorporated into the fiber using a bicomponent technology that delivers durable antistatic propershyties A typical example o f an antistatic nonwoven fabric is shown in Table 2
GREEN COLORING TECHNOLOGY PET commonly referred to as polyshy
ester is the most important manmade fiber and comprises the largest segshyment o f the synthetic fib er industry with more than 50 million tons of polyester filament and staple produced globally in 2012 It has also seen extensive use in carpets over the recent years
Sustainability is a t the center of the growth strategies in the synthetic fiber industry There are many ways that the industry is addreSSing sustainability including fibers from recycled polyshyes ter and bio-polyester as well as susshytainable developments in production and processing of fibers and ya rns
Since a large proportion of polyshyester textiles and carpets are colored eco-friendly coloring o f textiles is of paramount importance Solution dyeshying or dope dyeing offers an environshymenta lly fri endly way to color polyshyester and other manmade fibers and nonwovens
In this process color in th e form of a masterbatch is added to the poly111er melt during the ex trusion phase of the fiber manufacturing process Thus fiber spinning and coloring are achieved in one step without the use of
26 August 2013 wwwfiberjournalcom
_____ ____________-------L________________INEERINCi
water reducing the env ironmen tal footprint and eliminating effl uent treatment w hile offering cost benefi ts Further solution dyed yarns offer sevshyeral advantages over traditionally dyed yarns includ in g
bull Superior color fastness to ligh t bleach and durability
bull Softerlbetter hand than traditionally dyed fiber and comparable to natural un-dyed yarn
bull Customi zed products by combining color and additives
s such as antimicrobials UV enhancement etc
e e At the co re o f solution dyeing is the y mas terbatch It is more than jus t conshy
centrated co lor It defines co lor qualishy
ty lot-to-Iot consistency and offe rs yarn produ ce rs va lu e in terms of extended pack life fewer spin breaks and higher yield Americhem has been supplying masterbatches for so lu tion dyed manmade fibers (ca rpets and texshytiles) for more than 25 years
Solution dyed recycled fiber is a step ahead in green coloring PET is by far the most widely recycled polymer in the world Historically recycled polyester has been used to make black fibers However with recent advancements in recycling it is used in a wide ra nge of color and addit ive applications
Recycled polyester typically has a yelshylow tint and sometimes it is necessary to enhance the internal viscosity (IV) for better processing When used as a natushyral or white fiber it can have a dull look
Americhem can offer a renewal
additive that helps to mask the co lor and increase the value of the product Americhem is also working towards the development of an additive system for enhancing the IV of the resin
Many of the addit ive technologies such as antimicrobials and UV protecshytion can be adapted to recycled fibers The recently introduced masterbatch FR technology is particularly benefishycial for recycled polyester and offers performance similar to that of virgin polymerized FR resin
A number of other a ttribures are des ired in fibers and nonwoven appli shycatio ns such as soft hand dye enhancement (especially fo r polyshyesters) stain resistance for carpet and more Many of these properties require custom design and can be developed on a case-by-case basis lID
c
wwwfiberjournalcom 1shy
Ie
-
n
Ie
Ie
Ie r
tI
e
Optimal tailored to your needs
Coating Systems
bull Automotive bull Chemical Industry bull Pharma
We are ready to meet new challenges bull Lacquers
bull FoilPaper
bull Battery Systems bull Solar Photovoltaic bull Textiles
---Mathis --shy---I
wwwmathisagcom
wwwfiberjournalcom August 2013 27
FIBERENGINEERIN~G~_________________________________
Figure 3 Vertical burn test results of polyester fiber containing 75 masterbatch compared with neat polyester and polyester fiber made using an inherently FR polyester chip
shows the effect of two UV packages in synthetic turf green formulation
Flame retardant (FR) textiles such as upholstery fabrics bedding and carpets find application in hotels apartments and transportation The use of haloshyge na ted compounds is synonymous with flame retardancy In combina tion with antimony trioxide they have been the mainstay of FR plas ti cs as inexpenshysive and effective flam e-re ta rdams However owing to regulatory and env ishyronm ental footprint considerations they arc currently out of favor
Mineral fl ame-retardants are typishycally not an option for textiles and nonwovens owing to th e large amount of additive need ed The synthetic fiber industry led by polyester has long adopted phosphorous as the preferred FR chemistry Phosphorous and nitroshygen chemistries are commonly used as FR additives for manmade fibers including nylon and polypropylene
Phosphorous containing coshymonom ers and oligo me rs are employed in the manufacture of FR polyester containing a defined amount of phosp horous The phosphorous
thus becomes an integral part of the polymer and offers durability coupled with excellent flame re tardancy Such a product is typically supplied as a res in and is spun as a neat polymer
With the d emand for tuned pershyfonn ance coupled with in creased demand for recyc led fiber the industry is looking for a mas terbatch approach to produce yarns with varying amounts of phosphorous
Over the past few years Americhem has been working to deve lop a mastershybatch solution to impart FR properties to polyester fiber Metal phosphinates and more recently polyphosphinates are employed to impart FR properties to polyester fibers and tex tiles
Americhem offers several s tandard and cus tomized products with tuned performance-based phosphorous chemistry that offer inherent durable and eco-friendl y flam e retardancy to
polyet hylene terephthalate (PET) and polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT)
At a use rate of 5-8 depending on the fabric construction one can achieve Ml classification as per NF P 92-507 (2004) and pass several other
industry standards Shown in Figure 3 are verti cal burn tests on specimens containing 75 Americhem mas te rshyba tch compared with specimens made with neat PET and indus try standard PET FR chip
Technologies based on nitrogen and nitrogenphosphorous chemistries have been developed for imparting FR properties to polyamide (PA) 6 PA 6 6 a nd polypropylene (PP ) fibers However unlike polyester the te chshynology for PA and PP fibers is not that well advan ced Newer formulations are being developed to address the growing need in the market
Microbes are all around us Some are beneficial and others can cause probshylems The growth of microbes on textile materials leads to foul odors discolshyoration and in some cases loss o f textile properties The nutrients in sweat body warmth moisture and dark atmosphere are ideal conditions for bacterial growth
There has been an increasing demand for textiles and nonwovens vvi th antimicrobial properties in a wide range of applica tions In addition to
medical and healthcare applications
24 August 2013 wwwfiberjournalcom
Contact time (hour)
Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 CFUsample
Eschenchia coli ATCC 8739 CFUsample
Control 26 x 10 27 X 10l
ohour (C) 25 x 105 24 x 105
ohour (8) 22 x 105 26 x 105
24 hour (A) lt100 lt100
Reduction (R) gt9996 gt9995
Table 1 Efficacy of Americhem antimicrobial masterbatch in PET at 3 use rate
there is a drive by todays consumer to embrace the fresh and well-being aspect in textiles as a result antimishycrobial tex tiles are routinely used in performance apparel undergarments hosiery and home textiles
Textiles containing antimicrobial additives must be effective against a broad range of microbes and be effective after multiples washes While a range of antimicrobial solutions are available silshyver-based antimicrobials are the most suited for use with manmade fibers
Leading textil e fibers such as polyshyester and PA are melt spun at temperashytures in the range of 270-295degC This requires that the antimicrobial additive be stable a t these temperatures during compounding and spinning stages
Silver-based antimicrobials can be successfully incorporated into synthetshyic fibers by addition during the spinshyning process owing to their high thershymal stability Further the additive becomes an integral pan of the textile
fiber enhancing durability Tab le 1 shows the efficacy of
Americhem antimicrobial masterbatch in PET CFUsample refers to colony fonning unit per sample
Antistatic fibers and nonwoven structures are wielely used in many applications such as carpets and texshytil es c1eanroom fabrics and medical textil es Antistatic agents reduce the electros tati c propensity of fib e rs Antistatic agents can be broadly classi shyfied as migrating and permanent antisshytats ( inherently dissipative polymers and those based on conductive fill ers)
Migrating antistats are typically used in nonwovens and s hort-term applications Such chemistries work by attracting water crea ting a conducshytive pathway that dissipates the charge buildup Typical surface resistivities attained are in the 1011 to 10 12 O sq
Antistatic fibers used in textiles and carpets on the other hand require lower resistivities and demand perma-
Surface Resistivity Static Decay NFPA 99)
ASTM D-257 Seconds
OhmsSq Seconds
50 RH20 RH 50 RH20 RH
Spunbond PP No Discharge Observed
Spunbond PP with antistat 1 036246
Spunbond PP with antistat 2 ND ND022
ND =Not determined
Table 2 Effect of antistatic additives on the static decay of spun bond polypropylene
nent antistatic properties These are typically based on co nductive particles such as carbon black or antimony-coatshyed titanium dioxid e The conductive compound is incorporated into the fiber using a bicomponent technology that delivers durable antistatic propershyties A typical example o f an antistatic nonwoven fabric is shown in Table 2
GREEN COLORING TECHNOLOGY PET commonly referred to as polyshy
ester is the most important manmade fiber and comprises the largest segshyment o f the synthetic fib er industry with more than 50 million tons of polyester filament and staple produced globally in 2012 It has also seen extensive use in carpets over the recent years
Sustainability is a t the center of the growth strategies in the synthetic fiber industry There are many ways that the industry is addreSSing sustainability including fibers from recycled polyshyes ter and bio-polyester as well as susshytainable developments in production and processing of fibers and ya rns
Since a large proportion of polyshyester textiles and carpets are colored eco-friendly coloring o f textiles is of paramount importance Solution dyeshying or dope dyeing offers an environshymenta lly fri endly way to color polyshyester and other manmade fibers and nonwovens
In this process color in th e form of a masterbatch is added to the poly111er melt during the ex trusion phase of the fiber manufacturing process Thus fiber spinning and coloring are achieved in one step without the use of
26 August 2013 wwwfiberjournalcom
_____ ____________-------L________________INEERINCi
water reducing the env ironmen tal footprint and eliminating effl uent treatment w hile offering cost benefi ts Further solution dyed yarns offer sevshyeral advantages over traditionally dyed yarns includ in g
bull Superior color fastness to ligh t bleach and durability
bull Softerlbetter hand than traditionally dyed fiber and comparable to natural un-dyed yarn
bull Customi zed products by combining color and additives
s such as antimicrobials UV enhancement etc
e e At the co re o f solution dyeing is the y mas terbatch It is more than jus t conshy
centrated co lor It defines co lor qualishy
ty lot-to-Iot consistency and offe rs yarn produ ce rs va lu e in terms of extended pack life fewer spin breaks and higher yield Americhem has been supplying masterbatches for so lu tion dyed manmade fibers (ca rpets and texshytiles) for more than 25 years
Solution dyed recycled fiber is a step ahead in green coloring PET is by far the most widely recycled polymer in the world Historically recycled polyester has been used to make black fibers However with recent advancements in recycling it is used in a wide ra nge of color and addit ive applications
Recycled polyester typically has a yelshylow tint and sometimes it is necessary to enhance the internal viscosity (IV) for better processing When used as a natushyral or white fiber it can have a dull look
Americhem can offer a renewal
additive that helps to mask the co lor and increase the value of the product Americhem is also working towards the development of an additive system for enhancing the IV of the resin
Many of the addit ive technologies such as antimicrobials and UV protecshytion can be adapted to recycled fibers The recently introduced masterbatch FR technology is particularly benefishycial for recycled polyester and offers performance similar to that of virgin polymerized FR resin
A number of other a ttribures are des ired in fibers and nonwoven appli shycatio ns such as soft hand dye enhancement (especially fo r polyshyesters) stain resistance for carpet and more Many of these properties require custom design and can be developed on a case-by-case basis lID
c
wwwfiberjournalcom 1shy
Ie
-
n
Ie
Ie
Ie r
tI
e
Optimal tailored to your needs
Coating Systems
bull Automotive bull Chemical Industry bull Pharma
We are ready to meet new challenges bull Lacquers
bull FoilPaper
bull Battery Systems bull Solar Photovoltaic bull Textiles
---Mathis --shy---I
wwwmathisagcom
wwwfiberjournalcom August 2013 27
Contact time (hour)
Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 CFUsample
Eschenchia coli ATCC 8739 CFUsample
Control 26 x 10 27 X 10l
ohour (C) 25 x 105 24 x 105
ohour (8) 22 x 105 26 x 105
24 hour (A) lt100 lt100
Reduction (R) gt9996 gt9995
Table 1 Efficacy of Americhem antimicrobial masterbatch in PET at 3 use rate
there is a drive by todays consumer to embrace the fresh and well-being aspect in textiles as a result antimishycrobial tex tiles are routinely used in performance apparel undergarments hosiery and home textiles
Textiles containing antimicrobial additives must be effective against a broad range of microbes and be effective after multiples washes While a range of antimicrobial solutions are available silshyver-based antimicrobials are the most suited for use with manmade fibers
Leading textil e fibers such as polyshyester and PA are melt spun at temperashytures in the range of 270-295degC This requires that the antimicrobial additive be stable a t these temperatures during compounding and spinning stages
Silver-based antimicrobials can be successfully incorporated into synthetshyic fibers by addition during the spinshyning process owing to their high thershymal stability Further the additive becomes an integral pan of the textile
fiber enhancing durability Tab le 1 shows the efficacy of
Americhem antimicrobial masterbatch in PET CFUsample refers to colony fonning unit per sample
Antistatic fibers and nonwoven structures are wielely used in many applications such as carpets and texshytil es c1eanroom fabrics and medical textil es Antistatic agents reduce the electros tati c propensity of fib e rs Antistatic agents can be broadly classi shyfied as migrating and permanent antisshytats ( inherently dissipative polymers and those based on conductive fill ers)
Migrating antistats are typically used in nonwovens and s hort-term applications Such chemistries work by attracting water crea ting a conducshytive pathway that dissipates the charge buildup Typical surface resistivities attained are in the 1011 to 10 12 O sq
Antistatic fibers used in textiles and carpets on the other hand require lower resistivities and demand perma-
Surface Resistivity Static Decay NFPA 99)
ASTM D-257 Seconds
OhmsSq Seconds
50 RH20 RH 50 RH20 RH
Spunbond PP No Discharge Observed
Spunbond PP with antistat 1 036246
Spunbond PP with antistat 2 ND ND022
ND =Not determined
Table 2 Effect of antistatic additives on the static decay of spun bond polypropylene
nent antistatic properties These are typically based on co nductive particles such as carbon black or antimony-coatshyed titanium dioxid e The conductive compound is incorporated into the fiber using a bicomponent technology that delivers durable antistatic propershyties A typical example o f an antistatic nonwoven fabric is shown in Table 2
GREEN COLORING TECHNOLOGY PET commonly referred to as polyshy
ester is the most important manmade fiber and comprises the largest segshyment o f the synthetic fib er industry with more than 50 million tons of polyester filament and staple produced globally in 2012 It has also seen extensive use in carpets over the recent years
Sustainability is a t the center of the growth strategies in the synthetic fiber industry There are many ways that the industry is addreSSing sustainability including fibers from recycled polyshyes ter and bio-polyester as well as susshytainable developments in production and processing of fibers and ya rns
Since a large proportion of polyshyester textiles and carpets are colored eco-friendly coloring o f textiles is of paramount importance Solution dyeshying or dope dyeing offers an environshymenta lly fri endly way to color polyshyester and other manmade fibers and nonwovens
In this process color in th e form of a masterbatch is added to the poly111er melt during the ex trusion phase of the fiber manufacturing process Thus fiber spinning and coloring are achieved in one step without the use of
26 August 2013 wwwfiberjournalcom
_____ ____________-------L________________INEERINCi
water reducing the env ironmen tal footprint and eliminating effl uent treatment w hile offering cost benefi ts Further solution dyed yarns offer sevshyeral advantages over traditionally dyed yarns includ in g
bull Superior color fastness to ligh t bleach and durability
bull Softerlbetter hand than traditionally dyed fiber and comparable to natural un-dyed yarn
bull Customi zed products by combining color and additives
s such as antimicrobials UV enhancement etc
e e At the co re o f solution dyeing is the y mas terbatch It is more than jus t conshy
centrated co lor It defines co lor qualishy
ty lot-to-Iot consistency and offe rs yarn produ ce rs va lu e in terms of extended pack life fewer spin breaks and higher yield Americhem has been supplying masterbatches for so lu tion dyed manmade fibers (ca rpets and texshytiles) for more than 25 years
Solution dyed recycled fiber is a step ahead in green coloring PET is by far the most widely recycled polymer in the world Historically recycled polyester has been used to make black fibers However with recent advancements in recycling it is used in a wide ra nge of color and addit ive applications
Recycled polyester typically has a yelshylow tint and sometimes it is necessary to enhance the internal viscosity (IV) for better processing When used as a natushyral or white fiber it can have a dull look
Americhem can offer a renewal
additive that helps to mask the co lor and increase the value of the product Americhem is also working towards the development of an additive system for enhancing the IV of the resin
Many of the addit ive technologies such as antimicrobials and UV protecshytion can be adapted to recycled fibers The recently introduced masterbatch FR technology is particularly benefishycial for recycled polyester and offers performance similar to that of virgin polymerized FR resin
A number of other a ttribures are des ired in fibers and nonwoven appli shycatio ns such as soft hand dye enhancement (especially fo r polyshyesters) stain resistance for carpet and more Many of these properties require custom design and can be developed on a case-by-case basis lID
c
wwwfiberjournalcom 1shy
Ie
-
n
Ie
Ie
Ie r
tI
e
Optimal tailored to your needs
Coating Systems
bull Automotive bull Chemical Industry bull Pharma
We are ready to meet new challenges bull Lacquers
bull FoilPaper
bull Battery Systems bull Solar Photovoltaic bull Textiles
---Mathis --shy---I
wwwmathisagcom
wwwfiberjournalcom August 2013 27
_____ ____________-------L________________INEERINCi
water reducing the env ironmen tal footprint and eliminating effl uent treatment w hile offering cost benefi ts Further solution dyed yarns offer sevshyeral advantages over traditionally dyed yarns includ in g
bull Superior color fastness to ligh t bleach and durability
bull Softerlbetter hand than traditionally dyed fiber and comparable to natural un-dyed yarn
bull Customi zed products by combining color and additives
s such as antimicrobials UV enhancement etc
e e At the co re o f solution dyeing is the y mas terbatch It is more than jus t conshy
centrated co lor It defines co lor qualishy
ty lot-to-Iot consistency and offe rs yarn produ ce rs va lu e in terms of extended pack life fewer spin breaks and higher yield Americhem has been supplying masterbatches for so lu tion dyed manmade fibers (ca rpets and texshytiles) for more than 25 years
Solution dyed recycled fiber is a step ahead in green coloring PET is by far the most widely recycled polymer in the world Historically recycled polyester has been used to make black fibers However with recent advancements in recycling it is used in a wide ra nge of color and addit ive applications
Recycled polyester typically has a yelshylow tint and sometimes it is necessary to enhance the internal viscosity (IV) for better processing When used as a natushyral or white fiber it can have a dull look
Americhem can offer a renewal
additive that helps to mask the co lor and increase the value of the product Americhem is also working towards the development of an additive system for enhancing the IV of the resin
Many of the addit ive technologies such as antimicrobials and UV protecshytion can be adapted to recycled fibers The recently introduced masterbatch FR technology is particularly benefishycial for recycled polyester and offers performance similar to that of virgin polymerized FR resin
A number of other a ttribures are des ired in fibers and nonwoven appli shycatio ns such as soft hand dye enhancement (especially fo r polyshyesters) stain resistance for carpet and more Many of these properties require custom design and can be developed on a case-by-case basis lID
c
wwwfiberjournalcom 1shy
Ie
-
n
Ie
Ie
Ie r
tI
e
Optimal tailored to your needs
Coating Systems
bull Automotive bull Chemical Industry bull Pharma
We are ready to meet new challenges bull Lacquers
bull FoilPaper
bull Battery Systems bull Solar Photovoltaic bull Textiles
---Mathis --shy---I
wwwmathisagcom
wwwfiberjournalcom August 2013 27