Active Participle

• Active Participle commonly also called (Present Participle) is a verb that is shaped like a Gerund .

• Typically use the suffix-ing of the verb, for example burning, working, loving, sitting, standing, sleeping, etc.

• As the verbal, the main function of the participle is as an adjective (adjective) that describe nouns or pronouns.

• Active Participle yang biasa juga disebut (Present Participle) adalah kata kerja yang

berbetuk seperti Gerund.• (Active Participle) menggunakan akhiran –ing dari

kata kerja, misalnya burning, working, loving, sitting, standing, sleeping, etc.

• Sebagai verbal, fungsi utama dari active participle adalah sebagai kata sifat (adjective) yang menerangkan nouns atau pronouns.

Active Participle used as : - A. Noun Modifier (Descriptive noun) - B. Clause Modifier (Explanatory

clause)

A. Noun Modifier (Descriptive noun)

• A. Active Participle as a descriptive noun (noun modifier)Pattern I :a. A crying child came to meb. That bird is singing a ptarmiganc. The burning house are oldd. The dying man spoke his last wordse. The moving stone frightens usAs explained in the example . Verbs ending in -ing above describes the noun behind it;A crying child = a child who was crying

A. Noun Modifier (Penjelas Kata Benda)

• A. Active Participle sebagai penjelas kata benda (noun modifier) Pola I : V + Ing – NounContoh :a. A crying child came to meb. That singing bird is a ptarmiganc. The burning house are oldd. The dying man spoke his last wordse. The moving stone frightens usSebagaimana dijelaskan dalam contoh. Kata-kata kerja yang berakhiran –ing diatas menjelaskan kata benda dibelakangnya;

A crying child = anak kecil yang sedang menangis

• Pattern II : Noun - Participle Phraseexample:a. The singing bird in that tree is a magpieb. The officer standing on that ship is Captain Haddockc. The fat woman walking fast must beMrs. Tamd. The Airliner flying high explodese. Something crawling across my foot was a cobraThe words in italics are Participle Phrase. Thus the words in italics is what describes the noun in front of it.

• The bird singing = The bird that is / was singing • = birds are chirping.

• Pola II : Noun – Participle PhraseContoh :a. The bird singing in that tree is a magpieb. The officer standing on that ship is Captain Haddockc. The fat woman walking fast must be Mrs. Tamd. The airliner flying high explodese. Something crawling across my foot was a cobraKata-kata yang dicetak miring adalah Participle Phrase. Dengan demikian kata-kata yang dicetak miring itulah yang menjelaskan kata benda di depannya. The bird singing = The bird that is /was singing = burung yang sedang berkicau.

B. Clause Modifier (Explanatory clause)

• Active participle as a modifier clause has 3 meaning / significance:

1.Explain 2 events / activities going on simultaneously. Example : - shouting, he kicked the door : (While he was shouting, he kicked the door)2.Acknowledge "rhyme or reason" Example : - Being old, Mr. Umar has to wear glasses : (Because Mr. Umar is old, he has to wear glasses)3.Acknowledge two events occurring in sequence Example : - Having studied hard, i take a rest : (After I have studied hard, I take a rest)

B. Clause Modifier (Explanatory clause)

• Active participle sebagai clause modifier mempunyai 3 arti / makna :

1.Menjelaskan 2 kejadian / kegiatan yang terjadi bersamaan. Contoh : - shouting, he kicked the door : (while he was shouting, he kicked the door) 2.Menyatakan “sebab atau alasan” Contoh : - Being old, Mr. Umar has to wear glasses : (Because Mr. Umar is old, he has to wear glasses) 3.Menyatakan 2 kegiatan yang terjadi secara berurutan Contoh : - Having studied hard, i take a rest : (After I have studied hard, I take a rest)

Examples of participle formation include :

VerbPast

SimplePast

ParticiplePresent

ParticipleRegular/Irregular

to hire Hired hiring regular

to do did done doing

irregular

to say Said saying

to eat ate eaten eating

to write wrote written writing

to beat beat beaten beating

to sing sang sung Singing

to see saw seen Seeing

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