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Actions to Expand Political Rights
We want change!
When do we want it?
NOW!
…but how?
1. Political Participation
NAACP Membership card
NAWSA Membership Certificate
2. Organized Protest
3. Run for Office
Robert "Fighting Bob" La Follette
Eugene Debs
Theodore Roosevelt
Bull
Moose
Cartoon: Bears named trusts
4. Issues Taken to Court
5. Journalism
6. Catastrophes
Strategize!
Women’s SuffrageSuffragist Leaders
–National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) “ladies”
Susan B. Anthony Elizabeth Cady Stanton Carrie Chapman Catt
–American Woman Suffrage Association“radicals”
Lucy Stone Alice Paul Julia Ward Howe
Iron Jawed Angels
Use logic!
What if the main goal seems unachievable due to lack of
support?
African American Disfranchisementand Segregation
Focus on smaller goals?
• Education• Lawsuits• Anti-lynching legislation• Politically organize• Move to more liberal area
How were the presidents involved?
Progressive Presidents• Theodore Roosevelt (Republican)
– Offered “Square Deal”; “trustbuster”
– Conservation
– Intervention in matters of public interest
Aimed at helping middle class & attacked trusts while at the same time protected business from the
extreme demands of organized labor.
Protection of public lands from development
Progressive Presidents• William H. Taft (Republican)
– The true “trustbuster”– Children’s Bureau
Progressive Presidents• Woodrow Wilson (Democrat)
– Federal Reserve Bank
– Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
Federal Reserve Bank$$$ set aside for cushion against unanticipated losses
Board of Governors set interest rates-ability to fight inflation by raising it-stimulate economy by lowering it
Rise in prices of goods and services over a period of time. Each unit of currency buys fewer goods and services
$100$100
Stop business practices that hurt
competition
Unhappy with the major political parties?
How about joining a “third party”?(minor political party)
Teddy Roosevelt and the Bull Moose Party
Rise of Socialism
• Socialism—government owns and operates industries
• Socialist Party presidential candidate: Eugene Debs
2. What are examples of organized protest? –marches, parades, picketingWhich (on the chart) involved organized protest?-Temperance,suffrage,Civil rights
3.Does any one remember who Robert LaFollette is? Gov. from Wisconsin – Direct PrimaryHe ran for President of the United States as the nominee of his own Progressive Party in 1924
Debs- ran as a socialist
So you have political candidacy checked under? Third Party Movements.
1. Lets look at our chart…which of these could it be?Third Party movements – ran for presidentNAACP- court casesSuffrage – helped Wilson get elected, legislation got it passedFood/Health codes- got laws passedSafety codes- got laws passedTrust busting –lawsTemperance- laws
Could be all of them
Political participation in organizations- NAACP, NAWSA( National American Woman Suffrage Association)voting
4. Supreme Court Building, Washington, D.C.Decides issues of constitutionality and whether someone’s constitutional rights have been violated.
What court case have we talked about the supreme court decided that separate but equal is ok? Plessy v. Ferguson
So, issues taken to court is the same thing as what on your chart? Court cases…and what do we have checked under that?-NAACP…taking issues to court is the avenue NAACP continued to use to best of their ability.
5. 5. Journalism & political Cartoons.Charts: Food/healtch codes b/c of the Jungle under written articles and novels
Meat Inspection Act was backed by Teddy Roosevelt. He had seen first hand during the Spanish-American War (1898) the effects of tainted meat on the U.S. troops. Then after reading The Jungle, by Upton Sinclair, he responded to the public’s demand for action. The Meat Inspection Act dictated strict clenliness requirements for meatpackers and created the program of federal meat inspection that was used until it was replaced by more sophisticated techniques in the 1990’s.
Congress passed the Pure Food and Drug Act the same year as the Meat Inspection Act. It halted the sale of contaminated foods and medicines and called for truth in labeling. Although this act did not ban harmful products outright, its requirement of truthful labels reflected the progressive belief that given accurate information, people would act wisely.
6 On the chart under public outrage:Temperance (carry nation)Safety codes (TSWF)Food & health (Jungle)Prosecution should have 1 check mark and this is b/c owner of TSWF prosecuted what would it go under?Safety codes
Womens Suffrage“Ladies” Old School
Susan B. AnthonyElizabeth Cady StantonCarrie Chapman Catt
How? State by state suffrage for women; challenge citizenship rights in the federal courts; but always remain ladylike!
“radicals”How? Amendment to the U.S. Constitution; parades; protests; arrests; jail; hunger strikes; whatever it takes-Alice Paul was jailed for picketing at the White House during wartime-These hunger strikes and press attention forced Wilson to take notice & endorse the amendment
-these are college educated women-traveled to Britain where suffrage movement was very radical-in fact,
.
.
-in fact, a woman in London stepped in front of the Kings carriage, she was trampled and she had Women’s suffrage on paper pinned to the inside of her jacket
Logic? If patriotic women can faithfully organize WWI committees, knit socks for soldiers, and sell war bonds…surely they can vote!
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People-expand political rights, especially voting rights and challenge segregation lawsDespite their concern for social justice, most Progressives remained unconcerned about the plight of blacks in America. Like many whites living in this period, many Progressives felt that black were inferior to whites.S. Progressives often worked to strengthen segregation laws, while Progressives in the N usually ignored the issues of segregation and racial discrimination.Those concerned with the plight of blacks formed an organization called the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). While most of its officers in the early years were white, the most prominent leader of the NAACP was W.E.B. Du Bois, a historian and outspoken leader in the black community.In its early years, the NAACP defended blacks who had been arrested unjustly, fought for anti-lynching laws, and investigated race riots.By 1914, the NAACP had a national membership of 6,000 and offices in 50 cities
Theodore Roosevelt, RepublicanPromoted himself as a trustbuster although he offered “square deal” to good trustsPics: TR wrestling a rl rd trust; tr whipping trustsProtect public lands from development/careful protection of somethingBelieved federal government should intervene in matters that risk the “public good” (moved a little away from Laissez-faire)
William H. Taft, RepublicanAgainst high tariffs but ineffective in reducing themA true “trustbuster”: passed 2x amount of anti-trust legislation as TRProved to be a dedicated conservationistProsecuted more trusts in violation of the Sherman Antitrust Act than T. Roosevelt
Established the Children’s Bureau to investigate and publicize problems in child labor
Woodrow Wilson, DemocratAgainst high tariffs believing that pressure of competition from foreign competition would force American manufacturers to improve their products and lower their prices…16th amend
Depressions led small banks to collapse & wipe out life savings of many customers
Approved the Federal Reserve ActBanks must keep a portion of their deposits in a regional Federal Reserve Bank in case of emergencyBoard of Governors could set interest rates the reserve banks charged to other banks to indirectly control the nation’s interest rates and amount of money in circulationRaise interest rate to fight inflationLower interest rate to stimulate the economy in a recessionEstablished the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) to monitor American business and investigate “unfair trade practices”Signed Clayton Antitrust ActStricter laws for trustsProtected trade unions
Socialism Enticing to those who disapproved of the gap between social classesBlamed capitalism for large population of working poor
