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Accessible Websites Removing the Barriers. Anne L. Allen University of Florida, Academic Technology Center for Instructional Technology and Training. Accessibility. "The power of the Web is in its universality. Access by everyone regardless of disability is an essential aspect." - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Accessible Websites
Removing the BarriersAnne L. Allen
University of Florida, Academic TechnologyCenter for Instructional Technology and Training
Accessibility"The power of the Web is in its universality. Access by everyone regardless of disability is an essential aspect."
Tim Berners-Lee, W3C Director and inventor of the World Wide Web
What is accessibility on the web?
Web sites are accessible when individuals with disabilities can access and use them as effectively as people who do not have disabilities.
Who, me? I don’t have any students with
disabilities.
This seems like a lot of trouble for a small number of people who might possibly use the material.
What do these have in common? Carbon paper
Typewriter
Curb cuts
Who benefits? Carbon paper
First developed for blind and partially sighted clerks who could not tell when their quill pens ran out of ink.
Who benefits? Typewriter
The first working typewriter was built by Pellegrino Turri in 1808 for his blind friend Countess Carolina Fantoni da Fivizzono so she could write legible love letters.
Who benefits?Curb Cuts
What kinds of disabilities? Blindness Other visual impairments Learning disabilities Mobility impairments Photosensitive seizure disorders Hearing impairments
What Kinds of Difficulties? Blindness
Inability to access graphical information
Solution Provide a text equivalent for every non-
text element
What Kinds of Difficulties? Visual impairments
Difficulty reading tables and charts Inability to make sense of pages when
magnified
Solution Design sites using relative rather than
absolute values for width and height of rows and columns and images
What Kinds of Difficulties? Learning disabilities
May have difficulty understanding cluttered websites and layout changes from screen to screen
Solution Follow usability and accessibility
guidelines when creating sites – better design for all
What Kinds of Difficulties? Mobility impairments
May not be able to respond that call for a timed response (such as quizzes)
Solution Allow users to adjust the timing of
responses
What Kinds of Difficulties? Photosensitive seizure disorders
Flickering images and text may trigger seizures
Solution Avoid the use of flickering elements
What Kinds of Difficulties? Hearing impairments
Unable to hear multimedia presentations using sound, such as recorded lectures or videos
Solution Multimedia presentations must be
captioned or provided in alternate formats
Assistive Technology How do people with disabilities use
the Web? How do you use the Web without a
mouse?
Assistive TechnologyHow does Quick Glance work? Camera mounted on computer monitor is focused on user's eye.
--the gaze point cursor is placed at the gaze point. "Mouse clicks" are done with a slow eye blink, an eye dwell, or a hardware switch.
It determines where user is looking--
Assistive Technology
Sip and Puff
Assistive Technology
Add-on Touch Screen
one pedal controls cursor movement, the other for mouse clicks
Foot Mouse
Assistive Technology Alternative Keyboards
Assistive Technology On Screen
Keyboards
Assistive Technology
Roller Switches
Power Braille
Accessibility What are the challenges of using the
web without seeing the page?
How does a screen reader read images? Audio files? Video files?
Web Page Reader Home Page Reader
www.ufl.edu
www.nytimes.com
HPR Exercise Find forecast high temperature for today
at www.usatoday.com or www.cnn.com Find what the latest hurricane warnings
are at www.weather.com What trains go from Los Angeles to
Chicago around 7:00 AM on October 1, 2004 (www.amtrak.com)
At www.aa.com find the lowest round trip fare from Los Angeles to Honolulu
Accessibility Could you complete your task?
If not, what were the barriers?
Accessibility is not “in” the Web page
Accessibility is experiential User is able to use data, information,
and services as effectively as someone without a disability
Accessibility is environmental It depends on the interaction of the
document with user agents, assistive technologies--and people