SEMINAL MNEMONICS

(MNEMONICS IN CLASSIFICATORY LANGUAGE 2)

(DEPTH CLASSIFICATION 39)

'I'r-ac e8 the gene si s of the term seminalmnemonics. Lists the diverse manifestationsof lt in the varbal plane. Tabulates ,theoccurrence of the seminal mnemonics in thebasic v6rsion of Colon classification, ed 6.Examines some cases of deviation from semi-nal mnemonics and the possible restorationin many of their cases. Describes the po-tency of seminal mnemonics. Points out itspossible increase if seminal mnemonic valuecan be found also for the letters. Statesthe field for researc.h to reach an idealsch~me of classification with not more thana handful schedules. Concludes with thete3timony of Sayers about the value of thetechnique brought into vog~e by the Colo~classification.

o Introductiono I Scheduled Mnemonics

The concept of scheduled mnemonicswas discerned and used from the beginningsof classificatory science, In the enumera-tive schemes no conscious efforts were madeto develop them. The emergency of the ana-lytico-synthetic schemes, specially theColon clas sification (= CC), exploited their useto a considerable extent to enhance the resili-ence and the economy of their notationalscheme. Paper I in this series made a studyof the diff er er.t kinds of scheduled mnemonicsand their use in ee [AI]. All these mne-rrio nics lie in the area of intellectual cornp r e -

V 9 N 2 Jun J962

Paper E

ABDllL RAHMANLibrarianHindustan Machine Tools Ltd.Bangalore

T RANGANATHANLa br ar LanNational Aeronautical LaboratoryBangalore

hension. The similarity of the terms ')f thenatural language occurring in the contexts ofthe different basic classes has been the cri-terion for their use.

02 Deeper Mnemonics

The concept of using the same numberto denote a seminally identical idea irrespec-tive of its verbal denotations in differentclass contexts made the use of mnemonicsdeeper than was realised so far. The pro-cess of discovering the seminal identity am-idst the misleading and apparently unrelatedterms of the language has to be done in aregion beyond intellectual comprehension.It is mainly done in the rather rare but facilearea of intuition.

03 Genesis

In building the ee, S R Ranganathanused the seminal mnemonics intuitively andalmost unconsciously. From the year 1925onwards he started designing and using it inthe Madras University Library.

04 Unscheduled Mnemonics

In those early years, he was so muchpreoccupied with the work of the library andof the writing of books on different aspects of

53

E04 ABDUL RAHMAN AND RANGANATHAN

library science that he never consciously feltthe seminal mnemonics he had used in thebuilding of CC. In the year 1932, he metHis Holiness Sankaracharya of Kamakoti-Pee-tam. He was a saint and a mystic. Whilediscussing with him, he asked Ranganathan'why he used digit 5 for woman, energy etcand digit 4 for transport, disease, pathologyetc Ranganathan was not able to explain whyhe used those digit in that way. The Acharyasmiled and said nThere is an Indian traditionabout it. Digit 5 is mnemonic for energy.Digit 4 is mnemonic for dis eas en. This con-versation brought the use of seminal mnemo-nics to the conscious level. But an objectivestudy and the actual recapitulation of the prin-ciple was made only in ed I of the Prolego-mena[R1]in the year 1937. It was in lhe Pro-legomena that he could recount the principlesof classification that guided him in designingCC. In that edition he called it UnscheduledMnemonics. This was rather a negative andunhappy term.

05 Primordial Mnemonics

While' writing his book Philosophy of lib-rary classification (1951) in the years 1948-49 at the request of Prof Jean Anker of Copen-hagen University, Ranganathan hit upon theterm" Primordial" to denote this concept.In fact explaining the concept, he wrote."In order to be aware of it and to apply it,there is need to develop a subtle sensitive-ness to recognise certain Primordial Patternswhich inhere at great depths below the diver-sity of their manifestations in the phenomenalworld and in arrays of co-ordinate divisionsin facets of subjects" [R2]. The term pri-mordial is a more descriptive epithet. Ber-wick Sayers seems to have found value inthis term [SI].

06 Quasi-common Isolate

While expounding his ideas on clas sifi-cation in the Belgrade meeting of the FID inthe year 1954, he used the term nQuasi-com-mon" to represent the isolates denoted byseminal mnemonics. He found that thedichotomy-common and special isolate-wasnot totally exhaustive. He sensed a third

54

variety lying +n between them. He called itqua.s i= comrnon isolate. In fact the followingare the definitions of the three varieties.Common Isolate Idea. - Isolate idea whichcan be attached to several host classes, butis denoted by the same isolate term, andrepresented by the same isolate number,whatever be the host class. Quasi-CommonIsolate Idea. - Isolate idea which can be at-tached to several host classes and is repre-s ented by the same isolate number but de-noted by different isolate terms according tothe context of the host clas s. Special IsolateIdea. - Isolate idea special to a basic classor to an isolate idea or to an array-isolateidea-or to a small group of basic classes,isolate ideas, and array-isolate ideas, as thecase may be-and usually denoted by specialisolate terms and represented by specialarray-isolate numbers.

No doubt on e approach makes" Quasi-common" an appropriate epithet. But it istoo superficial, if not unreal.

07 Palmer and Wells

But the credit of suggesting a truelydes criptive and happy term for the conceptgoes to Bernard I Palmer and A J Wells.In fact, discussing about the term "unschedul-ed" they wrote, "We felt that a ;no;.e positivename would be more suitable for what pro-mises to be a valuable tool in any futurescheme of classification. I Seminal Mnemo-nics' seems more suggestive of their true na-ture" [PI]. Ranganathan gladly adopted this

. term in ed 2 of the Prolegomena in the year1957. It was in this edition that the Canon ofSeminal Mnemonics was enunciated. Accord-ing to the Canon, a scheme of classificationshould use one and the same digit to denoteseminally equivalent concepts in whateverarray of whatever facet of whatever classthey may appear.

08 Use in Colon Classification

This powerful tool of seminal mnerno-nics has so far not been used in any schemeof classification other than CC. While help-ing Ranganathan in preparing ed 7 of ce,

An lib se

SEMINAL MNEMONICS

he asked us to make an exhaustive study ofeach of the array isolate digits from thepoint of seminal mnemonic s , This took us .several weeks. But we feel that the timehas been well spent. For it has enabled usto get an intimate grasp of the idea. We nowunderstand the significance of Ranganathan' sfrequent statement that seminal mnemonicsis to be experienced and that it cannot bepicked up merely from theoretical explana-tions of verbal expositions. It is indeed in-effable. This solid ineffability began toshow signs of thawing only after we hadspent nearly 170 manhours in studying in-tensively each one of the digits fonningarray isolate numbers in CC.

It is only after getting into a sympatheticresonance with the all-pervasive seminalmnemonics that we were able. to pick outdeviations from the seminal use of digits hereand there in the schedules. We then exa-mined the possibility of restoring the semi-nal mnemonics without violence to otherprinciples more appropriate and compellingin a par ti cufa r situation.

DIVERSE MANIFESTATIONS OF ASEMINAL IDEA

The seminal mnemonics has been usedwith respect to Indo-Arabic numerals only.It is rather impossible to denote by anyunique and absolute term of a natural langu-age the seminal idea represented by eachof the eight Indo-Arabic numerals omitting9. which has been treated as a s ectorisingempty digit in CC. Any term emergesalways clinging to some basic class or other.We cannot strip it bare of the entire cloakof its class-context. The only alternativeis to give the verbal correlates of the pat-tern in their manifestations at the level ofsensual perception. The following is therepresentation of such a pattern arrangedin their spectral scatter of the seminal idea.

11 Mnemonic Significance of Digit

UnityGodWorld

First in evolutionOne dimensionSolid state

V 9 N 2 Jun 1962

E08

12 Mnemonic Significance of Digit 2

Two dimensionsPlaneConicsFormStructure

AnatomyMorphologySources of knowledgePhysiographyConstitutionPhysical anthropology

13 Mnemonic Significance of Digit 3

Three dimensionsSpaceCubicsAnalysisFunction

PhysiologySyntaxMethodSocial anthropology

14 Mnemonic Significance of Digit 4

HeatPathologyDiseaseTransport

InterlinkingSynthesisHybridSalt

15 Mnemonic Significance of Digit 5

Energy OceanLight Foreign LandRadiation AlienOrganic ExternalLiquid EnvironmentWater EcologyEmotion Public controlled

planFoliage WomanAesthetics Sex

Crime

16 Mnemonic Significance of Digit 6

Dimensions FinanceSubtle AbnormalMysticism PhylogenyMoney Evolution

Time

17 Mnemonic Significance of Digit 7

Personality HolismOntogeny ValueIntegrated Public finance

55

E18 ABDUL RAHMAN AND RANGANATHAN

18 Mnemonic Significance of Digit 8

TravelPilgrimageOrganisationStoring

ManagementFitness

2 oce URRENCE OF SEMIN AL MNEMONICS

The following tables give a fairly ex-haustive list of places where the last digitsin isolate numbers have been used in aseminally mnemonic way in CC. The lastcolumn gives the divergent isolate termsused in different contexts to denote one andthe same seminal isolate idea. It is interest-ing to note how the almost incredible diver-gence occur among the terms of the pheno-menal language despite the fact of their de-noting one and the same seminal idea. It isproposed to discuss about their similarityand identity at seminal level in anotherpaper.

21 Digit I

Se r N Host c l a s s Facet123

Digit Term4 5

I23456

7

89

10II12

1314151617181920

56

222BIB13B13

[PI[pI[PI[PI[pI[E][2P]

[EJl2P]

II World31 Elementary school61 Child

ArithmeticP rime NumberElementary arith-

metical method21 Elementary algeb-

raic methodElementary algebraLinearNumerical solutionLinearLinear transfor-

mationOrdinaryLinearFirst orderNumerical solutionSingle variableIntegralSingle variableLine

Bl3

B21B23B23B25B25

[PI[E][P2j[E][2Pj

(Pj[P2)[P3)[E)[2P][pI[E)[2P](P](p)

B33B33B33B33B37B37B38B6

2122

B7 [PIB7 [E][2P)

B7 (E)[2P)B9 [E)[2P)B9 [E)[2P)CI [E][2P]ClC2 [PIC [P2jC3 [E)[2P)C4 [E)[2PjC6 [E][2PjC6 [E][2P]C8106 [P2j064 [P2]066 [P2)E [p)G [PjG [PIG [E)[2P)G [E)[2P]HI [E][2P]HZ [E][2P)1 [P2]1 [P2]J [E)K [E][2P]K [E][2P]K [E][2P]L (p]L (p]L (E](2P]L (2P]Ior[ 4J

L:. (pJL:. (P2]o [PIo [EJ[2P]R4 [PjR6 (P)R6 [p)R6 [P2jS [PjT [PIV [P2]V (P2)X (P)Y [PjY [PjY [E][2PjY [E][2PjY [E][2PjZ [P2]

I11

621

SolidFundamental prin-

cipleSingle forceChronologyCelestial '.phereDimension (figure)FundamentalsSolidLinearGenerationG..,erationGenerationPrimary cellTime. spaceGenerationGenerationGenerationGroup 1Basic and regiOnal lifeCellPreliminariesPreliminariesPreliminariesPreliminaryBasic and regionalCellSoilPreliminaryPreliminaryRelation to young onesBasic and regionalCellPreliminariesSolidIntegralGodHinduism, VedicGodTruthHindu PhilosophyCarvakaRigvedicChildPre-secondaryHeadFirst HouseChildChildRuralCivilisation. Cul tu r eLrne a rChildhoodMinor.

232425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546474849505152535455565758596061626364656667686970717273

IZI

I11

11

111

111

111

511I1

1111

51291

111I

811

111

31921

191

1111

31811

1131

I

221341III

22 Digit Z

SerI

N Host cla •• FacetZ 3

Digit4

Term5

123

B23 [PIB25 [PjB25 [P2]

2ZZ

OuadraticBinaryOuadratic

An lib se

SEMINAL MNEMONICS EZZ

2 3 4 5 2 4 5

4 BZ5 [E][ZP] Z Quadratic transforma- 5 BZ3 [E] 3 Symmetric funct iontion 6 BZ5 [p] J Ternary

5 B3 [p] Z Simultaneous 7 B25 [PZ] 3 Cubic6 B3 [P2] 2 Quadratic 8 BZ5 [E][2P] 3 Cubic tran"formation7 B3 [P3] 2 Second 9 B33 [P2] 3 Cubic8 B37 [p] 2 Two 10 B33 [P3] 3 Third9 B37 [E][2P) 2 Analytic r ep r e s ent at ion II B393 F'unct ion defined by

10 B38 [p] 2 Two contour integralII B38 [E][2P] 2 Analytic r ep r e s ent at ion 12 B43 F'unct iorial anal y8is·12 B52 Plane 13 B6 [P) 3 Three dirnens ion13 B6 [p] 2 Plane 14 B6 [p] 3~ Cubic14 B6 [p] 22 Curve of the second IS B7 [2P] 3 Motion, dynamic.

degree 16 B83 Potential funct ion and15 . B6 [P] 32 Surface of the second attraction

degree 17 B9 [EJ[2P] 73 Problems of three16 B7 [P] 12 Surface bodies17 B7 [p] 2 Statics 18 E [EJ[2P] 213 Chemical kinetics18 B9 [p] 6Z Double 19 E [EJ[2P] 3 Analytical chemistry19 B9 [E)[2P] 62 Constant 20 G [E][2P] 3 Physiology20 B9 [E][2P] 72 Orbit 21 I [EJ[2P] 3 Physiology21 C2 [P2] 92 Viscosity 22 J [E] 3 Propogatlon22 E [E] 2 Physical chemistry 23 K [E][2P] 3 Physiology23 G [E] 2 Mo rphol ogy 24 KZ [E] 3 Phvs ioto gy24 HI [EJ[2P] 82 Structural 25 L [EJ[2P] 3 Physiology25 HI [E][2P] 822 Tetragonal 26 L [Ej[2P] 393 Ordinary PhysiologyZ6 H [p] Z Metamorphic rock 27 LZ5 [P2] 3 Tertiary27 KZ [E] 2 Morphology 28 P [E][2P] 3 Syntax28 L [p] 1852 Parts 29 R3 MetaphysicsZ9 L [P] 2142 Parts 30 R4 [pI 3 Social ethics30 L [P] 272 Part 31 R4 [p) 33 Analysis31 L [E] 2 Morphology 32 S [2EJ(3P] 3 Physiology32 L [E] 712 Shape 33 T [2P2] 3 Study method33 L [ZEJ[3P] 32 Physical method of 34 V [EJ[2P] 3 Function

diagnosis 35 W [Ej[2P) 3 Function34 L [2EJ[3P] 402 Physical method of 36 y [p] 73 Ethonological

pathology35 L [2EJ[3P] 62 Physicotherapy36 LZ5 [P2] 2 Secondary37 6 [E][ZP] 862 Physiognomy 24 Digit 4

38 NA [E] 2 Cornpo s it ion39 P [E][2P] 2 Morphology Ser N Host elas 5 Facet Digit Term

40 R2 Epistemology I 2 3 4 5

41 RZ2 Nature of knowledge42 S [E][2P] 1,2 Instinct I 2 [p) 64 Hospital43 S [2E][3P] l Anatomy 2 2 [E][2P] 4 Co-operation44 T [P] 2 Secondary 3 B6 [P] 4 4-dirnensions45 U [P] 2 Physical geography 4 B9 [EJ[2P] 74 Perturbation46 U [p] 2552 Physical 5 C4 Heat47 U [P] 2862 Physical 6 C4 [E][2P] 4 Transformation in48 V [P2] 32 Se cond.Hous e other forms of49 V [E] 2 Constitution energy50 XP.72 [E] 32 Double taxation 7 C4 [E][2P] 514 Latent heat51 y [p] 5922 Twice born. Dwij a 8 C4 [EJ[2P] 554 Latent heat of52 y [E][2P] 2 Physical character vapori zation

and feature 9 D [pj 4 Transport53 y [E][ZP] 222 Area 10 D [p] 515334 Military Carriage54 y [EJ[2P] 242 Shape II D [p] 52534 Men-af-war55 Z [P2] 282 J:opels residence 12 D [P] 64 Heat56 Z [P2] 5242 Hous e breaking 13 D3 [P2] 94 Heating. Cooling57 ZP2.3 [P3] 2 F'or rn 14 D6 [P2] 4 Traction

15 D66 [P2] 114 Heat engine23 Digit 3 16 066 [PZ] 4 Transport

Ser N Host class Facet Digit Term 17 E [pj 4 SaltI 2 4 5 18 E [EJ[2P] 214 Chemical affinity

19 E [EJ[2P] 84 TemperatureI 2 [EJ[2P] 3 Functions 20 E [EJ[[2P) 894 Fatigue study2 B3 3 Analysis 21 E:[E].3[2P2] 4 Synthesis3 B13 [E][2P] 3 Analytical method 22 F [p) 4414 Refractorymaterial4 Bl3 [pI 3 Cubic 23 F [p] 5594 Explosive

V 9 N 2 Jun 1962 57

E24 ABDUL RAHMAN AND RANGANATHAN

2 4 5 2 3 4 5

24 F [p] 594 Poison 88 Y [Ej[2P] 344 Old age25 G [p] 9194 Pathogenic 89 Y [E][2P] 354 Superstition26 G (Ej[2P] 394 Fatigue 90 Y [E](2P] 4 Social pathology27 G [Ej[2P] 4 Pathology 91 y [Ej[2P] 434 Poverty28 G [Ej[2P] 54 Prevention of disease 92 Y [EJ[2P] 44 Social evil

and injury 93 y [EJ[2P] 84 Transport29 G [EJ[2P] 5594 Heat 94 Z [P2] 134 Without nationality30 G [Ej[2P] 564 Parasitism 95 Z [P2] 1354 Refugee31 G [EJ[2P] 64 Hybridisation 96 Z [P2) 1154 Widow32 HZ [E][2P] 4 Danger and Accident 97 Z [P2] 1234 Child by mixed33 HZ [EJ[2P) 54 Heating and Cooling marriage34 I [E][2P] 4 Pathology 98 Z [P2] 1734 Armed neutral35 J [p] 4 Stimulant 99 Z [P2] 194 Armed force36 J [E] 4 Disease 100 Z [P2) 264 Arms37 J [2E] for I in[E] 4 Damage 10 I Z [P2] <:84 Ar-rny quarter38 J [2P) for 2 of[E] 4 Fertilizer 102 Z [Pl) 294 Cantonment39 K [E)[2P] 4 Pathology 103 Z [P2] 4 Tort40 KZ [E) 4 Disease 104 Z [P2) 5124 False imprisonment41 L [E][2P] 314 Pathology of pregnancy 105 Z [P2] 5224 Receiving stolen42 L [Ej[2P] 34 Abortion property43 L [Ej[2P] 354 Abnormal labour 106 Z [P2] 524 Trespass44 L [E][2P] 394 Bi rth control 107 Z [P2} 54 Negligence and45 L [E][2P) 4 Disease rashness46 L [E][2P] 5714 Heating. Cooling 108 Z [P3) for 2[P2] 494 Fraudulent transier47 L [EJ[2P] 574 Intoxicant. Stimul ant 109 Z [P3] for 3[P2] 4 illegal48 L:4 [EJ[2P] 14 Fever 110 Z [P3) for 3[P2) 44 Immoral49 L:4 [E][2P] 4 Poison III Z [P3] 4 Wounded and sick50 L:4 (E][2P) 74 Ulcer51 L:4 (E][2P] 954 Hail 25 Digit 552 L [2E] cum [3P] 4 Pathology53 L [2E] cum [3P) 624 Thermotherapy54 L [2E] cum [3P] 64 Physiological therapy Se r N Host class Facet Digit Term

1 2 455 6 [p] 24 Karma56 6 [E][2P) 874 Ceremonial I a [P] 15 Photo reproduction57 0 [E]{2P] 4 Religious practice 2 a [P] 75 De luxe58 0 [E)[ZP] 414 Worship 3 2 [P] 45 Commerce59 0 [E][ZP] 454 Public worship 4 2 [P) 65 Woman60 RI94 Fallacy 5 B7 [p) 5 Liquid61 R4 [p) 14 Cruelty. Gentlenes s 6 B9 [p] 5 Meteor and comet&2 R4 [p] Z4 Dependent relation 7 B9 [P) 55 Zodiac light&3 S [P) 64 Sick and Infirm 8 B9 [E][2P) 95 Radio-astronomy64 S [E][2P) 34 Work. Fatigue 9 CZ [P] 5 Liquid65 S [E)[2P) 524 Anger 10 C3 [P) 5 Ultra sound6& 5 [2E] cum [3P) 4 Pathology 11 C3 [E)[2P] 35 Resonan-:e67 T [ZP2) 64 Medical inspection 12 C4 [EJ[ZP) 25 Radiation68 U [p] 284 Tempe ratur e 13 C5 Radiation&9 U [P) 54 Military geography 14 C5 [E][2P] 65 Elliptic70 V [E)[2P) 194 War 15 C6 [p) 25 Weak71 V [E][2P] 1944 Ar rna m ent 16 Cb [E][2PJ 25 Ra di at ion72 V [E][2P) 4 Relation of state 17 C6 [E)[2P] 45 Phor o -electricity

with special class of 18 D [p] 5 Transportpeople 19 D [P) 525 Shi~

73 V [E][2P] 44 Refugee ZO D [P] 525325 Oi l s h ip74 V [E][2P] 594 Military service 21 Drp].64 [P2) .15 Fuel75 W [p] 64 Dictatorship 22 D fp) 635 Hvd r a ul ic s7& X [p] 4 Transport 23 D [P) 6465 Oil engine77 X [p] 54 By Transport 24 D [p] 65 Electronic78 X [p] 8194 Sickness 25 D [p) 665 Weak current79 X [p] 81994 War risk 2& D [P) 85 Water supply80 X [E][2P) 4 Transport 27 D [p) 855 Purification81 X [E][2P] 95854 Medical 28 D [P] 85525 Ultraviolet ray82 y [p] 354 Refugee 29 D [p] 8665 Purification83 y [p] 5924 Kshathriya 30 D3 [P2] 885 Street cl eanin g84 y [p] 594 Hybrid 31 D3 [p2] 5 Stairway85 y [E][2P] 24 Abnormality 32 D3 [P2] 95 Lighting86 y [E][2P) 294 Temperature 33 D411 [P2) 5 Cure87 y [E][2P] 34 Ce r e rnoni al 34 D5 [P2] 5 Spring

58 An lib sc

SEMINAL MNEMONICS E25

2 3 4 I 2 4 5

35 D6 [P2] 5 nluminatiQn 96 L [2E)[3P] 5 Preventive steps36 D65 [P2] 45 Television 97 L [2E)[3P] 625 Radio therapy37 D66 [P2] 1135 Hydraulics 98 L [2E)[2P] 65 Hydrotherapy38 D[P].7 [P2] 15 Fuel 99 M7 [E][2P] 15 Oiling39 D [E)[2P] 15 Hydraulics 100 M95 Photography40 D[P].66 e5 Energy m et e r 101 A [pI 25 Bhakti41 E [PI 5 Organic substance 102 6. [P2] 15 Fairy42 E [pI 615 Pentane 103 6- [E)[2P] 5 Vision43 E [pI 95 Pigment 104 NA [P4] 9'15 Painted decoration44 E [pl. 5. 6. 7.8. 10S ND [P3] 25 Water

[P2] 285 Anhydride 106 P [P3] 15 Consonant45 E [E]2P] 225 Liquid 107 P [P3] 35 Verb46 E [E][2P] 25 Photochemistry 108 P [E)[2P] 75 Figure of speech47 E [EJl2P} 238 Colloid 109 Q [E)[2P] 45 Public worship48 E:[E].3 [2P2} 5 Spot (Ultra-m.icro) 110 Q [E)[2P] 495 Holy water49 E:[E].3 [2P2] 75 Mas. spectroscopy III Q [Ej[2P] 6815 Woman50 E [E)[2P} 5 Test paper and 112 R5 Aestheticn

rndi cato r 113 R4 [pI 15 Chastity. Celibacy.51 E [E)[2P] 845 Humidity Adul t e r y , Immoral habit.52 E [Ej[2P] 895 Painting, co) During 114 R4 [pI 215 Wife53 F [pI 55 Fuel 115 R4 [pI 2175 Polygomy. Adultery54 F [pI 555 Petroleum 116 R4 [pI 2255 Daughter55 F [pI 5895 Paint 117 R4 [PI 265 Guest56 F [pI 9495 Candle 118 R4 [pI 915 Evil57 F [pI 949695 Liquid 119 R4 [pI 925 F'al a ehoo d58 F [p] 95 Cosmetic 120 R4 [pI 935 Wrong59 G [pI 3~ Blood 121 R4 [P2} 15 Al t r ui s r-.60 G [pI 95 Ecological group 122 S [PI 25 Girl61 G [pI 9515 Marsh Il3 S [PI 5 Sex&2 G [pI 955 Hydrobio1ogy 124 S [pI 65 Criminal63 G [pI 9555 Marine biology 125 S [ElI2P] 25 Sight64 G [ElI2P) 345 Water fa.tlng 126 S [E][2P] 255 Colouraense65 G [E][2P] 5 Ecology 127 S [E][2P] 45 Reflection. Self-61, G [Ej[2P] 55 Environment con a ciouane 8 9

1,7 G [E][2P] 5595 Light 128 S [E)[2P] 5 Feeling. Emotion.68 G [E][2P] 55955 Radioactive 129 S [E][2P] 55 Love Affection

R"diation • 130 S [E)[2P] 65 Volition. Effort69 G [E][2P] 565 Intolerence (Struggle) 131 S [E][2P] 6825 Public speech10 G [E][2P} 575 Cleanliness (Toilet) 132 S [E][2P] 685 Seeing71 G [Ej[2P] 65 Survival of the fittest 133 S [E][2P] 75 Temperament72 G [E][2P] 675 Sexual 134 S [E][2P} 795 Ac c l arnat i zatf on73 H2 [pI 5 Meteorite 135 S [E][2P} 815 Unconscious74 HZ [E][lP) 5 Health me aau r e Subccnscious75 I [PI 5 nowerir.g plant 136 S[E). 2&3 [2E) cum[3P) 35 Automatic function76 J [pI Utility 137 T [pI 5 Sex

aTray s Oil 138 T [pI 65 I Criminal77 J [pI Part array 15 Foliage 139 T [E][2P] 15 Visual78 J [E] 95 Ecology 140 T [E)[2P] 35 Foreign m ed iurn79 J [E).2 [2P] 5 Organic 141 T [ElI2P] 5 Foreign language80 J [E). 3 5 Tranaplating 142 U [pI 185 Hydrographical81 J [E]. 7 [2E)[2P) 5 Cleaning survey82 K [E](2P] 595 Courting 143 U [PI 25 Oceanography83 KZ [pI 5 Pet 144 U [pI 25, Properties of sea84 KZ [E] 5 Hygiene water85 L [p] 5 Gerrit o urinary 145 U [pI 285 Humidity

system 146 U [pI 2855 Rainfall86 L [PI 515 Urine 147 U [pI 35 noral87 L [pI 55 (emale genital 148 U [pI 425 Emigration

organ 14'1 U 6425 Oceanic route88 L [PI 555 External organ 150 V [E)[2-P} 195 Peace89 L [pI 5515 Egg I~I V [E)[2P] 35 State control'10 L [PI 875 Pigment 152 V [EJ[2P] 45 Foreigner'11 L [E][2P] s Publi< health and 153 V [E)[2P] 5 Relation of state

b',gienc with the citiz.en92 L [ElI2P] 525 Conve .•.anc e 154 V [E](2P) 55 Franchise93 L [E][2P] 555 Wat.t':!" 15~' X [pI 425 Oceanic94 L [EI[2P] ,71~ Light 156 X [pI 5 Commerce"5 L [E][2P] 575 Bath. Toilet 157 .X [PI 555 Foreign

V 9 N 2 Jun 1962 59

E25 ABDUL RAHMAN AND RANGANATHAN

2 4 5 2 4

158 X [P) 575 Person to foreign 4 B6 [p) 36 Curve in spacestate 5 C2 [p) 16 Crystal

159 X [P) 625 Commercial 6 C5 [E) 6 Polarisation160 X [p) 6295 Foreign 7 G [E) 66 Evolution161 X [P) 65 Investment 8 L [p) 6 Male genital organ162 X [p) 7245 Foreign income 9 A [p) 26 Raja163 X [p) 75 Public loan 10 A [ElIZP) 36 Meditation164 X [P] 755 Foreign loan and debt II A [E)[2P] 86 Prophecy165 X [E][2P) 3Z5 Trader lZ A [Ej(ZP) 866 Precognition166 X [E]f2P) 5 Trade 13 0 [E)[ZP) 396 Revelation167 X [E][ZP) 55 Control trade 14 S [p] 6 Abnormal168 X [E][ZP) 575 Planned Economy 15 S [E][2P) 76 Intution169 X [E)[ZP) 9J5 Emigrant 16 T [p) 6 Abnormal170 X [Ej(2P) 9K5 Alien 17 U [P) 6 Economic geography17 I X IEj[ZP) 95855 Maternity 18 V [EZj(P) 76 Chronology172 Y [p] 15 Woman 19 X [p] 6 Credit173 Y [p] 45 Commerce 20 X [Ej[2P) 326 Capitalist174 Y [P) 55 Alien ZI X [E)[ZP) 56 Financing175 Y [p] 5925 Vaisya ZZ X [Ej(2P) 6 Financing176 Y [p) 85 Nursery 23 Y [p) 16 Man177 Y [E)[2P) Z5 Colour 24 Y [E][ZP) 426 Spiritual178 Y [Ej[2P] 4355 Flood 25 Yforl,3, [ZEj[3P) 76 Phylogenetic method179 Y [E)[2P) 45 Crime 7,8 in[E)180 Y [E][2P) 495 Refugee 26 Y (ZE][3P) 6 Genetic compa-181 Y [E)[2P) 5 Demography rative study182 Y [ElI2P) 825 Drinking 27 Z [P2) 16 Abnormal183 Y [Ej[2P) 85 Transport vehicle 28 Z[PZ], 3 Ip3) 416 Money lender184 VIE), I, [2E][3P] 5 Influence. Contact

3,7,8 27 Digit 7185 Y[E], I, [2E)[3P) 75 Ecological method

3,7,8 Ser N Host class Facet Digit Term

186 Y(E).4 [2Ej[3P) 5 PreventionI 2 3 4 5

187 Z [P2) 115 Female I 2 [Ej[ZP) 7 Refe r en ce Service188 .Z [P2) 135 Alien 2 2 (E][2P) 87 Documentation189 .z [P2) 165 Criminal 3 B7 [p) 117 System of particles190 Z [P2) 175 Alien 4 B7 [P) 127 System of surfacesI'll Z [P2) 1755 Enemy 5 B7 [p) 137 System of rigid bodies192 Z [P2) 1815 Foreign 6 C6 [E)[ZP) 47 Magneto- electricity193 Z [P2) 1945 Navy 7 C7 Magnetism194 Z [P2j 215 Sea 8 D [p) 67 Magneto - electrical195 Z [P2] 25 Servitude engineering196 Z [P2] 255 w at e r 9 E [p) 97 Vitamin197 Z [P2] 265 Ship 10 E [ElI2P) 17 Periodic system198 Z [P2] 2675 Trademark II E [E)[ZP] 237 O's rno s is199 Z [P2] 5 Crime 12 E [E)[ZP) 27 Magneto-chemistry200 Z [P2) 5125 Abduction 13 E [E)[ZP] 877 Symbolic201 Z [P2) 515 Against woman 14 G [EJ(ZP] 17 Collecting202 Z [P2) 55 Public nuisance 15 G [Ej[ZP) 527 Cons ervation203 Z [P2) 555 Fraud 16 G [Ej[2P] 567 Symbiosis204 Z [P2) 5W5 Adhering to en ernv of 17 G [EJ(2P] 7 Development (Ontogeny)

the state 18 HZ [E)[2P) 27 Magnetic separation205 Z [P2] 595 Remedy and sanction 19 1 [PZ] 17 Fruit206 Z[P2]. I [P3] 15 Ultra vires 20 J [p) part arrary 7 Fruit207 Z[P2]. I IP3) 5 Alienation 21 J [P) 197 Whole plant20A Z[P2],2 [P3] 145 V'; oman' 5 estate 22 J [E) 7 Harvestir:.g209 Z[PZj, l [P3] 4145 Public trust 23 J E, I [2E] 7 Con s e r vat ion210 Z[P2).3 [P3] 45 Acquisition by state 24 -L [ElI2P] 7 Development ontogeny211 Z[PZ). A. IP3] 5 Intercourse of 25 L [2E) for 4 InE 627 Magneto therapy

B.C.D bellig~ants 26 LZ3 [E) 7 Osmosis27 NB [P4) 7 Monument

26 Digit 6 28 P [P3) 7 Composition29 P [El[2P) 7 Compositionse e N Host class Facet Digit Term30 R3 [p] 7 Value

I 2 431 R3 [P2) 7 Value

I 823 [p] 6 Graphical solution 32 S [E][2P] 47 Opinion2 B46 Vector analysis 33 S [E)[2P) 57 Sentiment. Interest.l BE> Geometry 34 S [E][2P) 7 Personality

60 An lib sc

SEMINAL MNEMONICS

2 3 4 5

35363738394041

ST E. 5

UVXXX

XXyyy

[E][2P][2P2][P][E][2P][P][p][E][2P]

[E][2P][E][2P][EJ[2P][E][2P][2E][3P]

[2E][3P][P2]

777

286277

577

17

5177

3777

OpinionGroup workMagnetic phenomenonArcheologyBy personalityPublic financeEconomic conser-

vationMonopolyValueOpinionPer sonalityConservation.ImprovementOntogeny methodState

4243444546

4.,48

yZ

7717

28 Digit 8

Ser N Host class Facet1 2 3

Digit Term4 5

V 9 N 2

12:J45678910111213141516171819202122232425

2C3C5C7D66EGG.I

J [E]. 2J[E].3J [E]. 7

KKZKZ

KZ E.ILLLoTUXXX

262728

293031

32

XXX

[EJ[2P][E][2P][EJ[2P][E][2P][P2][E][2P][E][2P][E][2P][E][2P][2E][2E][2E][E][2P][E][2EJ[3P][2E][p][E][2PJ[2E][3P][E][2P][E][2P][p][p][p][EJ[2P]

[E][2P][EJ[2P][E][2P]

[E][2P][P]

[P3J for 8of [P2]

[EJ[2PJ

82828

288

858

858888

58888

19888

419888

5288828

AdminstrationIntensityPhotometryIntensityStorageManipulationMigrationManipulationMigrationStoringStoringStoringMigrationTrainingStoringStoringStorage regionPhysical fitnessDiet regulationPilgrimageManagementTravelDepartment storeWarehousingManagementProduction

OrganiserManagementManagement of

CommerceMana gernentLeader

XYy

y

3284858

848

8828

ExecutiveStoring

291 Frequency Table

The following table br-in gs out the r e -

Jun 1962

E27

lative frequency of the seminal use of thedi git e 1 to 8.

Digit Frequency Digit Frequency

1234

735736

III

5678

205284732

292 Frequency Curve

The accompanying frequency curverepresents the above table graphically.

220

ZID

200

190

180

170

160

150.:i! 140

::>I 130

e 120III

'0 110

.oz; 100

90

80

70

60

50

30

204 6 8

293 Significance

What is the significance of the differ-ence in frequency? Does the high frequencyof 5 indicate that" activity, gracefulness,and environment" occupy most thought?Or is it all simply spurious?

61

E3 ABDUL RAHMAN AND RANGANATHAN

3 CENSUS OF INCIDENCE OFSEMIN AL MNEMONICS

31 Scope

A fairly complete census of the array-isolate digits which are in Indo-Arabic num-enal s has been made. It excludes arraysoccuring in schedules of all kinds of commonisolates including time and space isolates.The schedule of language isolates also hasbeen omitted from the census. illustrativeblocks in schedules are also omitted. Virtu-ally, therefore, the census covers onlyspecial isolates of the diverse facets of theseveral basic classes. The primary tableswill be given in a later paper. A summaryalone is given in section 32.

32 Table

Total Number of ArraryFacet Isolates 100M

All T Mnemononics TM

PersonalityRound 1[p] 2,653 162 6[P2] 593 82 14[P3] 190 16 8[P1J 8 2 25Total 3,444 262 8

Round 2[2P] 1, 124 194 17[2P2] 50 6 12Total 1, 174 200 17

Round 3[3P] -68 18 26

All RoundsTotal 4,686 480 10

Matter[M] 44 0 0

Energy60[E] 247 149

[2E] 27 25 93Total [E] 274 174 63

All facetsTotal 5,004 654 13

62

Explanation. -

[p], [P2], [P3], [P4] are respectively theFirst, the Second, the Third and the Fourth'Level Personality Facets of the First RO\UldPersonality. [2P] and [2P2] are respectivelythe First and the Second Level PersonalityFacets of the Second Round Personality.[3P] is the First Level Personality Facet of,the Third Round Personality. [E] and [2E]are respectively the First and the SecondRound, First Level Energy Facets. [M] isFirst Round, First Level Matter Facet. Tis the number of Isolates in the array end-ing with Indo-Arabic numerals. M is thenumber of Seminally Mnemonic digits in thearray ending with Indo-Arabic numerals. .

33 Preliminary Observations331 Energy Facet

The highest percentage of seminal mne-monics occurs in energy facet. The natural-nes s of this will be appreciated if it is remem-bered that Ranganathan's intuitive hit onseminal mnemonics first occurred only inrespect of [E]. Secondly, the incidence ofseminal mnemonics is as much as 93% in[2E]. This will be appreciated if it is rea-lised that the higher the round, we go fartherfrom the phenomenal level and and nearer theseminal 1eve l ,

332 Matter Facet

Hardly any work has been done on mat-ter facet is indicated by the meager numberof the array isolates-44. No seminal mne-monics has occurred among them. This needsexamination. But it can be examined reliablyonly after more experience is gained withmatter isolates. This can happen only ifthere is more literary warrant involving[M]. But at present much of even this cur-rent literary warrant involving matter in-volves it not as qua-matter but only as offici-ating for personality [pl.

333 Personality Facet

The number of array isolates is largestin [Pl. Indeed it forms 90'10 of the total num-ber of array isolates in CC. This corrobo-rates Ranganathan's saying that personality

An lib se

SEMINAL MNEMONICS

facet will ever grow in number and in fact itwill keep growing even after energy and mat-ter isolates reach very near their limit ofgrowth.

334 Systematic Mnemonics

In receiving the newly emerging per-sonality isolates into helpful fi1iatory posi-tions the systematic mnemonics will belargely in use. This indicates that moreof rationalisation and thought should beturned on systematic mnemonics than isbeing done now. The large variety of sys-tematic mnemonics has been enumeratedin CC [R3]. The first search for the inci-dence of systematic mnemonics in CC andDecimal classification has been recentlydone by us [A2]. That preliminary studyshows the almost total neglect of systematicmnemonics in Decimal classification.

335 Seminal Mnemonics

The incidence of seminal mnemonicsamong all the approximately 5,000 arralisolates in the personality facets ha s onlya measure of 10'10. The following resultsare significant.

E333

Number of theRound of [p]

Measure of incidenceof Seminal Mnemonics

123

81726

This again proves that the higher theround, the farther we go from the pheno-menal level and the nearer we go to theseminal level.

336 Erratic Movement of MeasureThe erratic movement of the percentage

of the seminal mnemonics among the fourlevels of the personality facets in the firstround is striking. It needs investigation.

4 Deviation from Seminal MnemonicsWe made a search for the cases of

deviation from seminal mnemonics, thatis where a non-seminal mnemonic digit wasused for a quasi-common isolate. The casesfall into three groups:1 Cases admitting restoration of seminal

mnemonics, because the right mnemo-nic digit is free and its use does notaffect helpful sequence;

2 Cases in which the deviation from semi-nal mnemonics was only apparent due todifficulties in verbal plane; and

3 'Cases too complicated for immediatedecision and requiring further study,

41 Restoration of Seminal Mnemonics

The following 17 cases admit of the restoration of the seminal mnemonic digit:

Ser N Host Class Facet Isolate term Isolate NumberExisting Restored

1 B9 [E] Radiation 643 6452 D [p] Irrigation 2 33 D [p] Building 3 24 D [p] Irrigation, sewage fa r rr 8662 86635 D [p] Graphical statics 13 126 M6 Glass Industry 6 57 NO [M] Glass 6 58 Q [E][2P] Heaven 364 3659 Q [E][2P] Hell 365 36410 Q [E][2P] Devotion 4196 419511 R4 [p] Truth and slander 32 3112 R4 [p] Friendship, courtship 37 3513 R4 [p] Good and evil 91 9414 R4' [pJ Truth and falsehood 92 9115 R4 [p] Happiness and sorrow 94 9516 X [p] Irrigation tax 7232 723317 Y[E],l,3,7,8 [2E][3P] Hybridisation (cultural) 65 64

V 9 N 2 Jun 1962 63

E42 ABDUL RAHMAN AND RANGANATHAN

42 Only Apparent Deviation421 Case I

In Q [E] [2P], 454 is "Worship".

Annotation -In the first instance, we felt that worshipwas a correlate of bhakti, devotion, emo-tion, etc. For this seminal idea thedigit should be 5.

2 But when we consider the concept ofworship objectively, we find that it ismerely a religious practice done accord-ing to some set, cut and dry rules.

3 Such routine practices soon degenerateinto a pathological symptom in religion.

4 It is only right that it should retain thedigit 4 to denote its seminal concept ofreligious pathology.

5 Real devotion is beyond any such setmode of worship.

6 In that state of devotion, one finds nothingbut pure light.

7 Hence the isolate "Worship" in this casecan not claim the seminal digit 5.

422 Case 2

In T and S, [p], 6 is "Abnormal" •

2

The concept of abnormality is associ-ated with disease.Hence the seminal digit in this case mayhave to be 4.But a study of the different isolates inthe array viz I Child, 2 Adolescent,3 Post-adolescent, 4 Vocational, 5 Sex,6 Abnormal, etc--show that '6 Abnormal'comes in its proper place according tothe Principle of Helpful Sequence.Hence the seminal digit cannot be usedin this case without strain on helpfulsequence.Again, a study of the subdivisions of 6discloses that it does not imply meredisease. For it includes abnormal aswell as supernormal. It includes geniustoo. And- genius is the full blossomingof the power of human mind, reachingmystic heights in its pursuit of any sub-ject. This is the very opposite of disease.The above consideration also denies theright of the seminal digit 4 to represent"Abnormal" •

3

4

5

6

64

423 Case 3

1

In Z [P2], 16 is "Abnormal".

By applying the Canon of Enumerationi e examining the subdivisions of theisolate 6, we see that 6 represents onlysubnormal.This would suggest 4 as the seminallymnemonic digit for the concept.However, let us examine the co-ordi-nate isolates in the array of order 2forming sub-classes of" I Legal Persons".They are in succession: 1 By age andsex, 2 By fiduciary relation, 3 Byresidence, 4 By occupation, 5 Bystatus, 6 Abnormal, 7 State, 8 Asso-ciation.In the above march of array-isolates,1 to 6 cover persons and 7 to 8 covercorporate bodies.Among the persons, the sequence of theisolates appears helpful. It is not help-ful to interpolate the isolate" Abnor-mal" between the other isolates.

2

3

4

5

424 Case 4

In Z [P2], 95 is "Remedy and Sanction".

Influenced by the suggestions in theverbal plane, we first took" Remedy"to be a correlate of Therapeutics or"Methods of Curing" .

2 This would change the digit" 5" intodigit" 6".

3 But in Law, "Remedy and sanction" aremethods to be enforced only by the or-ganised state. Thus, it comes understate control or public control. Theseminal digit for this is "5". Thus" 95"has to be retained.

43 Complicated cas es forInvestigation

The complicated cases will be discussedin a later paper.

5 POTENCY OF SEMINAL MNEMONICS

51 Inherent Trouble ofEnumerative Classification

The tremendous momentum gained by the

An lib sc

SEMINAL MNEMONICS

universe of knowledge after the industrialrevolution has rnade it irnpossible for anyenurne r arive classification to keep pace withits growth in many dirnensions. By the tirnethe schedule com es out of the press, it wouldhave been overreached by the new classesgaining literary warrant. But a classifierhas to struggle with the sarne inadequatescherne to represent the new subjects- rna.cr oand rni cr o , The class nurnbe r he gives shouldeither be non-coextensive, bluntly stoppingsornewhere away f'r orn the specific subjector he rnay have to wait for the decision ofthe classificationist. This trouble is in-herent in anything enurnerated.

52 Modes of Development of theUniverse of Knowledge

An analytico-synthetic s ch errie of classi-fication reduces to some extent the troublesof enum er ati.on , This can be appreciatedwith the aid of the four rno de s of develop-rn errt of the universe of knowledge des cribedby Ranganathan that is:

1 Loose assernblage or phase relation;2 Larr.ination or facet cornbination;3 Dissection or adding to the isolates in

an array; and4 Denudation or lengthening the chain of

an isolate [R4].

521 Loose- Assemblage

Let us first consider a new class createdby loose assernblage of existing classes orisolates or array-isolates. The cl as s num-ber for such a new class does not call for anyenurne r atdon ; for its class nurnb er can be gotby inter-class phase relation, int r a cfac etphase relation and intra-array phase relationrespectively.

522 Larnination

Let us next consider a new class createdby larnination of existing Isolates in facets.The class nurnb er for such a class does notcall for any errurne r at'iori; for its clas s num-ber can be got by facet device i e by cornbin-ing the isolates in the prescribed sequencewith the appropriate connecting symbols.

V 9 N 2 Jun 1962

E5l

523 Di.ss ect ion

Let us next consider a new class createdby further dissection within an existing array.The class number for this calls for the enu-rneration of a new co-ordinate isolate in thesarn e array in the facet. Thus we have tofall into the hands of enumeration and itsinherent defects.

524 Denudation

Let us next consider a new class creat-ed by denudation of an existing isolate withina facet. The class number for this calls .forthe enumeration of a new subordinate isolatein the same chain in the facet. Here again,we have to fall into the hands of enumerationand its inherent defects.

525 Benefit of Analytico-SyntheticScheme

Thus in an analytico-synthetic schemeenumeration is taken away from the level of,classes and is confined to the level of iso-i at e s b. facets. To this extent we escapethe trc ubl es inherent in enurneration.

53 Seminal Mnemonics

Ranganathan's theory of classificationgives some further relief by taking errurner=ation of isolates from the phenomenal sur-ta ce level to the noumenal level. It impliespresumption of the basic schedules of semi-nal or quasi common isolates. This scheduleis of help both in dissection and denudation.The seminal mnemonics replaces enumer-ation in several arrays independantly of onearioth er to errurner at.ion in a single array ofseminal isolates. This is the theoreticalimplication of seminal mnemonics. A majoritem of research is concerned with th~ es-tablishment of a fairly exhaustive array ofseminal isolates. According to Ranganathanthis piece of research has to be transintel-l ectual and intutive.

54 Limitations to Seminal Mnemonics

None with sufficient abudance of intuition

65

E54 ABDUL RAHMAN AND RANGANATHAN

has yet established a truely com.prehensiveschedule of a single array of s ernirial iso-lates. Practically nothing has been donein this m.att er in respect of literal notation.An array of truely sem.inal isolates estab~lished by intuition in its fullness will assureconform.ity to the Canon of Helpful Sequence.

6 LITERAL SEMINAL MNEMONICS

The serninal m.nem.onics so far used inCC has been only with respect to arrays withIndo-Arabic num.erals. It is the wish ofRanganathan to stretch the use of sem.inalm.nem.onics even to the letters. But thenum.ber of Rom.an alphabets is 26 and thatin Devanagari is as m.any as 44. It requiresa greater quantum. of intuition to strike atthe rockbed of s errrin al identity with respectto such an unwieldy num.ber of digits. How-ever, it is his view that the Rorn an and thePersian alphabets are not so m.uch suited tothe use of sem.inal m.nem.onics. For, thesequence of these alphabets is not based onany rational principle.

But Sanskrit Alphabet seem.s to be m.orearn en abl e to the use of m.nem.onics. Theletters are grouped and arranged on validprinciples. The seguance of arrangem.entof the letters is based on the anatom.y andphysiology of phonology.

The ancient Chaldeans of Babyloniawho are fam.ous for their astronom.ical know-ledge and m.ystic traditions seem. to havedeveloped a system. of sem.inal sym.bolism.for letters in their ancient lore. In India tooalphabetical sym.bolism. has been used to ex-press subtle thought inexpressible in words.The use of "Bijaksharas" in Sanskrit is anex arnpl e , Ranganathan is trying to recapturesom.e such tradition and rnak e use of those'packets of intuition' left behind by our an-cestors but lying unused at present [R5].The us e of sem.inal m.nem.onics for lettersalso is bound to increase the versatility ofCC and increase the autonom.y of the classi-fier to a very great extent. This is an arearequiring further research and exploration.

66

7 IDEAL SCHEDULE OFCLASSIFICATION

Ranganathan has been frequently tellingus that a classificationist of suprem.e intui-tion would be able to reduce the num.ber ofschedules for an analytico-syntheti.c classi-fication to a very sm.a1l num.ber such asfollows:

Se r N Schedule for

I23456

Basic ClassesAnteriorising Com.m.on IsolatesTim.e IsolatesSpace IsolatesCom.m.on Energy IsolatesCom.m.on Matter Isolates: Properties

and valuesCom.m.on Personality IsolatesSystem.atic IsolatesSem.inal IsolatesSpecial Personality Isolates for a

few Basic Classes

789

10

7 I Further Sim.plification

Even here schedules 5 to 7 and 10 willadrn it of a considerable am.ount of scheduledm.nem.onics as indicated by the other sched-ules.

72 Further Research

To reach this ideal is the function offuture research both by exceptionally creativem.en of genius and by team.s of able intellec-tual worker s.

3 TESTIMONY OF SAYERS

In testim.ony of the techniques developedby CC W C Berwick Sayers, a veteran of theprofession and a pioneer to lay the foundationsof a good classification theory wrote in thepreface to his fam.ous book:-

The Ranganathan method of building up aclassm.ark for any conceivable subject hasappealed strongly to teachers and students.The m.ethod, which can in a m.easure beapplied to any schem.e, is a rnor e precisern echarri zat ion of subject-placing than has

An lib sc

SEMIN AL MNEMONICS

prevailed in which various numbered tablesof subjects, forms and aspects (facets, foci;devices, as the inventor calls them) by aningenious method are synthesized so that thenumbers are a I cl a s s ifi.c eto r y language' re-presenting in symbols the full meaning (com-prehension) of book-titles or contents. Solong as such Tables represent a real orderon whatever concensus based, or can be madeto represent it, the result must be valuable.I have been forturtate in persuading Mr Ber-nard I Palmer, who when in India studiedthe method under Dr Ranganathan at theMadras Library School, to write a chapterdescribing the scheme, as I feel that a skilledadvocate should be able to present the scheme

~more usefully than a detached student likemyself. Mr Palmeri s work is supplementedby more pratical workings by Mr A J Wells,another admirer and user of it. Studentswho wish to pursue it further will find inRap.gariathari' s Library Classification: Funda-mentals and procedure, and the other workscited by Mr Palmer in Chapter XXX, enoughto cxe r cise them for many we ek s" [S2]. Inthe preface to his anpthe r book of his Sayerswrote: II The fact that the Federation Inter-national de Documentation has confided thestudy of important aspects of classificationto Indian libraries is another portent worthyof not e" [S3]. The above statements high-light the responsibility of research workersin library science in India.

91 Acknowledgement

Weare indebted to Dr S R Ranganathanfor suggesting the study of the subject andfor guiding us in our work.

V 9 N 2 Jun 1962

EB

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Al Sec 01 Abdul Rahman and Ranganathan(T) Non-seminal mnemonics.An lib s c , 9, 1962, 1-14.

A2 Sec 334 Ibid, See 6.

PI Sec 07 Palmer ( B I) and Wells (A J)Fundamentals of library classi~fication, 1951, BO.

R 1 See 04 Ranganathan (S R) P'r cl egorrrenato library classification, 1937.

R2 See 05 Ranganathan (S R) Philosophyof library classification, 1951,Sec 266.

R3 Sec 334 Ranganathan (S R) Colon classi-fication, ed 6, 1960. Sec OB4.

R4 Se c 52 Ranganathan (S R) Colon classi-fication and its approach todocumentation. Shera (J H)and Egan (M E) ed. Biblio-graphic organisation, pp 57 -71.Chicago University Press, 1951.

R5 Sec 6 Ranganathan (S R) Philosophyof library classification, 1951,Sec 2666.

S 1 Sec 05 Sayers (W C B) Thoughts onlibrary Classification-retro-spect and introspect. Libraryworld, 60, 206.

S2 Se c 8 Sayers (W C B) Introductionto library classification, ed 2,1950, VIII.

S3 Sec 8 Sayers (W C B) Manual ofclassification, ed 3, 1955,XII.

67