Upload
others
View
2
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
1
”Maximum recycling of Material and Energy,Minimum of Landfilling”
”A Sustainable Solution”
Håkan Rylander, CEO
SYSAV, South Scania Waste Company, Sweden
2
The Waste Problem can only be solved withan Integrated Waste Management
- with a Combination of Methods
Maximum Recycling, Minimum landfilling
3
Driving Forces
Legislation – Laws, Directives et cEnvironmental Awareness/Environmental EngagementEducation and Information
4
EU Waste hierarchy
Composting and BiologicalTreatment are included in ”Recycling”.
”Waste-to-Energy” is now defined as Recycling, when energy efficiency is > 0,65
Prevention
Reuse
Recycling
Other recovery
Disposal
5
Landfill Ban and Landfill Taxes
Driving Forces towards Materials Recycling and Waste-to Energy?
6
European Policies on Landfill Ban
The EU Landfill DirectiveThe amount of biodegradable waste has to decrease with 35% until 2016, compared with the situation in 1994.
(UK and Ireland extension until 2020, for the 12 new EU-members until 2025)
Ban already in a number of countries on landfilling of biodegradable waste. The Ban often completed with a Landfill Tax.
7
European Policies on Landfill Ban
European Examples on the effect
of Landfill Ban and of Landfill Taxes
8
Germany
Landfill Ban decided upon in 2000, in force in 2005.
A very strong effect, with a strong increase of Waste-to-Energy, and other recycling methods.
However, initially, a lot of waste flowing out of Germany due to a significant lack of Waste-to-Energy capacity.
9
Austria
As Germany, but Ban in force already in 2002. Landfill Tax since 1997/98. Increased Waste-to-Energy but also of other recycling methods.
10
Denmark
Landfill Ban in force already in the 1990-ies, as well as a Landfill Tax.Increased Waste-to-Energy and material recyclingAt the beginning a lot of believe and investments in biological treatment, but more or less closed down for environmental (odours) and economical reasons.
11
United Kingdom
No Landfill Ban (extension until 2020)About 60% of the household waste is still landfilled. Slow advancement of material recycling as well as of Waste-to-Energy.
12
Landfill Ban and Landfill Taxes
Driving Forces towards Materials Recycling and Waste-to Energy?
YES!
13
Producers Responsibility
EU Directive on Recycling of Packaging Waste in force in 1995 – with recycling targets for different packagings.
Implemented as full or shared producers responsibility in different countries (by law in Austria, Germany and Sweden)
Resulting in increased material recycling (of packagings).
EU Directive on full Producers Responsibility on WEEE, Batteries and End-of-Life-Vehicles.
14
Producers Responsibility, a Driving Force towards Material
Recycling?
Yes!
15
Treatment of Household wastein the EU 27 in 2006
Source: EUROSTAT
Recycling (incl. composting)
Waste-to Energy
Landfill
16
Treatment of Municipal Solid Waste in the EU 27 in 2006
Source: EUROSTAT
41% of Municipal Solid Waste across the EU 27 is still landfilled,
Although landfill gases (methane) contribute significantly to global warming (methane equals 23 times CO2).
AMOUNTS OF MUNICIPAL WASTE IN EU AND US
18
Aims and TargetsAims & Targets by the Swedish Parliament
Reduced waste flow50% recycling of household waste (MSW), including organic waste, to 201035% recycling of food waste in household waste to 2010
19
Law and EnforcementSWEDEN:
Sorting regulationsProducers responsibilityLandfill ban on combustible waste 2002, ban on organic waste 2005
EU:Landfill directiveIncineration directiveWEEE directiveFramework directive review
20
Producers ResponsibilityProducers; importers, producers, fillers etc to take the responsibility for the collection and recovery of waste paper; 75% recycling targetPackaging waste; different recycling targets (EU + Swedish law)Deposit fee systems for ALcans (refillable glass bottles and refillable PET bottles)Recycling system at drop off centresWEEE, recycling target (EU law). Sweden is the World leader in WEE recycling
21
The Infrastructure2 000 000 collection points for household waste13 000 drop-off centres for batteries7 000 drop-off centres for packaging waste and waste paper1 000 recycling centres for bulky waste, garden waste, hazardous waste etc. 120 landfills30 waste-to-energy facilities30 biological treatment facilities
22
Goal:Maximum recycling of Material and Energy, Minimum of landfilling.
At the heart of the eco-cycle
23
Kävlinge
Lund
StaffanstorpSjöbo
Tomelilla
Simrishamn
YstadSkurupTrelleborg
Svedala
Vellinge
Malmö
Lomma
Europe
24
BurlövKävlingeLommaLundMalmöSimrishamnSjöboSkurupStaffanstorpSvedalaTomelillaTrelleborgVellingeYstad
50 km
100 km
The SYSAV region14 Municipalities/Local Authorities
Kävlinge
Lund
StaffanstorpSjöbo
Tomelilla
Simrishamn
YstadSkurupTrelleborg
Svedala
Vellinge
Malmö
LommaBurlöv
S C A N I A
25
The Sysav Group handled 902 000 tonnes of waste in 2007
Household Waste
Bulky Waste
Industrial Waste
Building and Construction Waste
Hospital Waste
Hazardous Waste
Electronic Waste
with
a Combination of Methods
26
The eco-cycle model
27
Sysav Hazardous WasteSecure handling of hazardous waste fromindustries and households
28
Building Material Recycling Shop- reuse and selling of construction and demolition material, in co-operation withMalmö Local Authority Service Administration
29
SydåtervinningRecycling of waste paper
30
ÅGABRecycling of gravel, asphalt and concrete etc.
31
A total annual incineration of 550 000 tonnes of waste, with an energy production of
• 1 500 000 MWh of heat and
• 250 000 MWh of electricity,
corresponds to 60 percent of the district heating demand of the municipalities of Malmöand Burlöv.
Waste provides electricity and heat
32
Dioxin to air 1985 – 2005 in Sweden
0
2 000 000
4 000 000
6 000 000
8 000 000
10 000 000
12 000 000
14 000 000
1985 1990 1995 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 20060
20
40
60
80
100
120
Energy prod. MWh Incineration, ton Dioxin (to air), g
33
The Swedish Example
The amount of incinerated waste has been more than doubled from 1985-2006,
while the energy production has been quadrubled, and
most of the emissions have decreased with 99%.
34
Bottom ash recycling- of metals and gravels
35
• Separate collection of food waste
• Plant for pre-treatment of food waste, capacity 25 000 tonnes
• Fermentation of the slurry in a separate bioreactor
• Upgrading of the biogas for the production of heat, power or fuel
• Production of a bio-fertilizer
Food waste becomes fuel and fertilizer
36
The Spillepeng Landfill – a Recycling Site
Sorting
Recycling
Composting
Final Landfilling
Recovery of landfill gas
37
ScenariosSYSAVYear 2010
Main scenario:Business-as-planned
Alternative scenarios:100% landfillingElectricity production at incineration only
GHG
Incineration: 530 000 tAnaerobic digestion: 25 000 tComposting: 55 000 tLandfilling: 60 000 t
Landfilling only
Same as ”business-as-planned”
Waste treatmentin the scenarios
38
Main results Total emissions of Green House Gases
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
Business-as-plannedat Sysav
100 % landfillingElectricity productionat incineration only
kton
nes
CO
2-eq
/yea
r
Emissions from complementary production of servicesDirect emissions from the waste management system (Sysav)
39
The Sysav Group 2007(tonnes)
Household waste 382 300Industrial waste 294 700Hazardous waste 52 000Newspapers, cardboard, boxes e t c 72 300Heavy masses, asphalt, gravel e t c 100 900In total 902 200
Recycling 94 %MaterialsBiological treatmentWaste-to-energy
Final deposition 6 %
40
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Årtal
ÅterviDepon
Recovery versus LandfillingSysav 2000-2005
Year
Recovery
Landfilling%
41
The Waste Problem is solved withan Integrated Waste Mangagement
- with a Combination of Methods
Maximum recycling - Minimum Landfilling
42
Thank youfor your attention!