A time period of Hostility WITHOUT armed conflict between the US (democracy) and USSR(Communist) The...
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A time period of Hostility WITHOUT armed conflict between the US (democracy) and USSR(Communist) The 38 th parallell DMZ- De-Militarized Zone Nationalism-
A time period of Hostility WITHOUT armed conflict between the
US (democracy) and USSR(Communist) The 38 th parallell DMZ-
De-Militarized Zone Nationalism- extreme pride in ones nation or
ethnicity Imperialism- When a stronger nation takes over a weaker
nation The US was pursuing a policy of containment Bell Ringer Why
did the United States get involved in the Korea conflict? What is
Nationalism? What is Imperialism? At what line is the Korean
Peninsula divided? What is this line called? The Cold war was
Slide 2
Review- Cold War Remember the Cold War: hostility between
nations WITHOUT armed conflict The Cold War was mostly between the
Communist Soviet Union (USSR) and The Democratic United States.
Democracies value their rights, but in a communist country you must
give up your rights in order to get your basic needs met. Europe
itself was divided along the Iron Curtain, an imaginary line
separating the Democratic West from the Communist East.
Slide 3
Appeal of Communism Post WWII: -people are starving -cities in
ruins -homes destroyed -millions dead -few jobs But Communists are
promising: -jobs for all -food and shelter for all -strong
government Which would you prefer? Why?
Slide 4
Containment The United States passed several measures to ensure
the containment of communism inside the iron curtain. Truman
Doctrine- it must be the policy of the US to support free people
who are resisting subjugation by armed minorities or by outside
pressures [USSR] Marshall Plan- Use financial aid to combat the
appeal of communism- billions spent By providing basic needs and
financial aid to rebuild, communist influences are reduced
Slide 5
After WWII The allies split Germany into 4 zones of occupation.
Each nation was responsible for the rebuilding and demilitarization
in their zone. Berlin, Germanys capital, was also split into 4
Zones of Occupation Cold War- Germany
Slide 6
Berlin Blockade 1948- time to reunite Germany as one
independent nation but USSR refuses. Stalin blockades West Berlin
to get rid of foreign influence to turn it to communism. The Allies
respond with the Berlin Airlift- thousands of supplies are flown
into West Berlin for over a year
Slide 7
Berlin Wall In 1961 the Soviets began to construct a wall
around West Berlin, separating it from Communist East Germany. The
goal was to stop the flow of refugees trying to escape communist
nations for democracies. The wall stood from 1961-1989
Slide 8
Cold War- Korea Background: -Korea was invaded and controlled
by Japan since 1910 -After WWII Korea is occupied by two allies:
-North Korea- Soviet Union -South Korea- United States What form of
Government would the North and South each adopt? Why?
Slide 9
Cold War- Korea In 1950 the allies withdrew. North Korea
invaded the south and established communist control. The United
States acted to contain communism back to the north. The US sent in
troops and supplies to be advisors in the war
Slide 10
Cold War- Korea The South pushed back with help from the US.
Soon North Koreas forces were pushed to the Chinese Border China
warned the US to not enter China, or they would become involved
China enters the war in 1951, quickly pushing the front back to the
38 th parallel
Slide 11
Cold War- Korea Stalemate- The war stalled at the 38 th
Parallel from 1951- 1953. A treaty in 1953 did not name a clear
victor or loser. The US was angry because the Korean war was the
first war they had not dominated Communism takes hold of North
Korea and a long lasting resentment begins
Slide 12
Cold War- Korea The War Continues! Technically, we signed a
ceasefire/armistice, not a peace treaty
Slide 13
Cold War- Vietnam Background: -French Colony -French tried to
maintain control after WWII ended France asked the US, via NATO to
help avoid a communist takeover. Review: why was NATO created? TO
CREATE AN ALLIANCE OF DEMOCRATIC NATIONS TO CONTAIN COMMUNISM
Slide 14
Cold War- Vietnam Vietnamese nationalist- Ho Chi Minh Vietnam
fought for freedom from the French from 1946-1954. Independent
Vietnam was divided by the peace treaty into North and South
Vietnam Elections were scheduled for 1950 to re-unite Vietnam under
a single government. The US believed the election would be won by
the communists and stepped in to prevent the domino theory in Asia
Why do you think the US called the spreading of communism in
Southeast Asia the Domino Theory? Believed if one Asian nation fell
to communism the rest would too
Slide 15
Cold War- Vietnam 1959-1975: Ho Chi Minh supported the Viet
Cong, a communist rebel group in South Vietnam The US sent in
military supplies and advisors to the South, but soon entered the
war with troops The USSR and China sent supplies (no troops) to
Vietnam The Vietnamese considered the war Nationalism vs
Imperialism
Slide 16
Cold War- Vietnam The Vietnam war was mostly a guerrilla war
Tet Offensive 1968 The North Vietnamese called for a formal
ceasefire to celebrate the holiday of Tet, around the new year. On
the first day of Tet, North Vietnam launched a series of
coordinated, well planned attacks throughout South Vietnam Violated
Normal Rules of War
Slide 17
Cold War- Vietnam Today, Vietnam is unified and has normal
relations with the United States. Trade has increased and Vietnam
has modernized most of its cities. It is still politically
communist.
Slide 18
Cold War- Middle East The region has many rich oil resources
and is strategically placed along several waterways Soviet Union:
Egypt, Iraq, Syria United States: Israel, Turkey, Iran
Slide 19
Cold War- Middle East Afghanistan In 1979 the Soviet Union
invaded Afghanistan. The US gave weapons and aid to Afghan
guerillas who eventually forced the USSR out Afghanistan is later
controlled by the Taliban (1996)- an Islamic group who believes in
strict interpretation of Islamic law. The Taliban scorns democracy
and capitalism
Slide 20
Cold War- Cuba background Cuba won independence from Spain in
1898 with help from the US. For 60 years Cuba tried to build a
democratic state, but in 1952 Batista seized control, imposing a
repressive and corrupt regime. In 1959 Fidel Castro overthrew
Batista and established a communist dictatorship in Cuba. The US
was worried about a communist nation so close to home and attempted
to invade and overthrow Castro. However, this invasion, known as
the Bay of Pigs, failed terribly.
Slide 21
Cold War- Cuba 1962 Cuba is 90 miles south of Florida Communist
Cuba was allied with the Soviet Union In 1962 Spy planes found
Missile launch sites under construction in Cuba
Slide 22
Why were we scared of launch bases in Cuba?
Slide 23
Cold War- Cuba 1962 President Kennedy declared a Quarantine of
Cuba- not allowing any ships, from any nation, carrying missiles
into Cuba The world watched to see what would happen- fearing
nuclear war Soviet Union backed off and war was averted.
Slide 24
Cold War- Cuba 1962 Limited Test Ban Treaty Both sides agree to
ban testing nukes above ground- saves the world from radioactive
debris
Slide 25
WWII Long lasting effects -Cold War lasts until 1991- over 40
years -wars are fought pitting Communists against democrats -new
more powerful weapons -North Korea considers US their Sworn Enemy
CC cold War
Slide 26
Review WWII is often considered a turning point in history
because a. The League of Nations demonstrated that an international
organization could maintain world peace b. The war brought an end
of dictatorships c. European domination of the world began to
weaken as nationalism in colonies increased d. Religious and ethnic
differences were no longer a source of conflict between
nations
Slide 27
Review During the Cold War era (1945-1990), the United States
and the Soviet Union were reluctant to become involved in direct
military conflict because of a. Peacekeeping role of the United
Nations b. Pressure from nonaligned nations c. The potential for
global nuclear destruction d. Increased tensions in the middle
east
Slide 28
Review The Main reason the United Nations sent troops into
Korea in 1950 was to a. Ensure food reached the areas of the Korean
peninsula affected by Famine b. Prevent North Korea from conquering
the people of South Korea c. Force the inspection of nuclear
weapons plants in north Korea d. Restore peace between warring
factions of Buddhism and Shinto
Slide 29
Review The conflict between Israel and the Arab nations since
1948 was often considered part of the Cold War primarily because a.
The policy of dtente evolved from the conflict b. Communist
governments were established in many Arab nations c. The leadership
of Joseph Stalin strongly influenced the policies of Saddam Hussein
d. The United States supported Israel and the Soviet Union
supported several Arab nations
Slide 30
Review From the perspective of the Vietnamese, the war in
Vietnam in the 1960s was a battle between a. Fascism and Liberalism
b. Nationalism and imperialism c. Republicanism and totalitarianism
d. Theocracy and monarchy
Slide 31
Cuba Today Though still Communist, the US has started to open
negotiations to normalize relations with Cuba/. This means that
trade could be possible between the two nations. Currently, Cuban
made items are illegal in the US, and American citizens are not
allowed to visit Cuba except for few permissible reasons.
Bell Ringer Korea was split at what dividing line after WWII?
The leader of the Vietnamese Nationalist movement was: Why did the
United States get involved in the Korean and Vietnamese Wars? 38 th
Parallel Ho Chi Minh- looked at war as a National war against
imperial powers The US wanted to avoid the spread of Communism