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A novel design of SOFC combined cooling, heat and power (CCHP)
residential system in the UK
Xinjie Yuan
• Professor Richard Bucknall
Department’s Director of Research
• Dr Yuanchang Liu
Outline
1. Introduction
2. Literature review
3. Simulations & Results
4. Discussions & Future work
1. Introduction - Background
• Space and water heating
• Electric vehicles newly registered
• Charging & New peak periods
Total energy consumption
Industry Domestic Transportation Service
Natural gas Electricity
Heat, cooling and power demand
SOFC combined cooling, heat and power (CCHP) residential system in the UK
Supply side
• Regulations for new dwellings
• Insulated homes
• Alternative systems
• Doubled prices
• Rising peak temperatures
Fuel cell
• Energy conversion
• Lower heat to power ratio
• Thermal insulation
• High temperature fuel cell
1. Introduction
• Main research question:
• SOFC-based CCHP systems
• Historic demand data
• Tri-influence (Efficiency, Environmental and Economic impacts)
• Sizing values (Number of fuel cells, heat exchanger and absorption chiller)
• Objective weighting coefficients
2. Literature review
• Part of the review table
2. Literature review
• Example
2. Literature review• Distribution of fuel cells and cooling devices
2. Literature review
1. System modelling (Electrical & Thermal model)
2. Fuel inlet (Natural gas or Hydrogen)
3. Cooling: Freezer/Refrigerator (Heat-driven or Power demand)
4. Sizing methods (Subjective or Objective)
3. Simulations & Results
3. Simulations & Results
Single cell system modelling
Electrical only system
SOFC CCHP system
3. Simulations & Results
3. Simulations & Results• Electrochemical reaction modelling (Simulink)
3. Simulations & Results
• Three main over-voltages
3. Simulations & Results
• At various temperatures
3. Simulations & Results
Singhal, S. C. (1996) ‘Advances in Tubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Technology’, 1996 Fuel Cell Seminar, 135, pp. 28–31.Carl, M. J. (2008) ‘SOFC Modeling for the Simulation of Residential Cogeneration Systems‘.
• Double reference validations
3. Simulations & Results
• Cell voltage and power output
3. Simulations & Results
• Validation for specific heat capacity and equilibrium constant
1) Heat capacity from: Spiegel, C. (2008) ‘Fuel Cell Thermodynamics’, PEM fuel cell modeling and simulation using Matlab /. Burlington, Mass. ,pp. 15–48. doi: 10.1016/B978-012374259-9.50003-3.2) Equilibrium constant from: Callaghan, C. (2006) ‘Kinetics and Catalysis of the Water-Gas-Shift Reaction’.
3. Simulations & Results
• State-points main properties
3. Simulations & Results
Single cell system modelling
Electrical only system
SOFC CCHP system
3. Simulations & Results
1.Grey relationship analysis
2.Entropy-weighting approach
3. Simulations & Results• Evaluation of number of cells
3. Simulations & Results
Single cell system modelling
Electrical only system
SOFC CCHP system
3. Simulations & Results
3. Simulations & Results• Flow chart of the evaluation of SOFC CCHP system
3. Simulations & Results
3. Simulations & Results
HX 1: Air preheating
HX 2 & Abc 1: Freezer
HX 3: Domestic hot water
HX 4 : Space heating
Priority value
• Evaluation of SOFC CCHP system on the coldest day
3. Simulations & Results• Evaluation of SOFC CCHP system on the hottest day
HX 5: Space cooling
Abc 1: Space cooling
Priority value
3. Simulations & Results
3. Simulations & Results
• SOFC CCHP system: 91.78% on the coldest day
• SOFC CCHP system: 88.16% on the hottest day
3. Simulations & Results• Comparative analysis 1
- Separated production (SP) system – 20% H2NG-SOFC CCHP system
3. Simulations & Results• Comparative analysis 1
- Separated production (SP) system – 20% H2NG-SOFC CCHP system
(Winter) SP 20% H2NG-SOFC CCHP
Efficiency 79% 91.78%
Investment cost (￡) 1248.17 3059.50
Energy cost (pence) 265.72 68.83
Emission (mg/s) 9.15 3.71
(Summer) SP 20% H2NG-SOFC CCHP
Efficiency 47% 88.16%
Investment cost (￡) 1248.17 3059.50
Energy cost (pence) 101.22 26.55
Emission (mg/s) 4.62 2.07
3. Simulations & Results• Comparative analysis 2
- NG-SOFC CCHP system – 20% H2NG-SOFC CCHP system
(Winter) NG-SOFC CCHP 20% H2NG-SOFC CCHP
Efficiency 90.96% 91.78%
Investment cost (￡) 3059.50 3059.50
Energy cost (pence) 73.98 68.83
Emission (mg/s) 3.99 3.71
(Summer) NG-SOFC CCHP 20% H2NG-SOFC CCHP
Efficiency 87.71% 88.16%
Investment cost (￡) 3059.50 3059.50
Energy cost (pence) 28.97 26.55
Emission (mg/s) 2.26 2.07
4. Discussions & Future work
1. Fuel inlet
2. Different occupancy profiles
3.Multiple households
4. Energy storage system
5. Power control & Power quality control
Review of presentation
1. Literature review
2. Single cell & CCHP system modelling
3. Number of cells & sizing values
4. Entropy weighting approach & Grey relationship analysis
Thank you !
Q & A
