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Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryFLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY
In this issue:
• We put the spotlight on
Alex Mebel, a computational
chemist who is modeling the
chemistry of Titan, Saturn’s
largest moon.
Pg. 1
• Did you know? Get the latest
from the department.
Pg. 2
• Chairman David Chatfield
brings us up to speed on the
changes in the department
over the past year.
Pg. 2
• Nuclear Chemistry heats
up at FIU.
Pg. 3
• Get the latest faculty news.
Pg. 3
• Find out what our alumni
are up to.
Pg. 4
• Dr. Len Keller continues his
series on the development of
the Chemistry Department at
FIU (1992 – 2001).
Pg. 5
The forensic research of an FIU team headed by Provost and
Executive Vice President, Kenneth G. Furton, has been published
in the journal Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B,
the oldest scientific journal in the English-speaking world.
The paper, titled “Advances in the use of odor as forensic
evidence through optimizing and standardizing instruments and
canines,” is based on an invited presentation made by Furton in
February of 2015 at a conference organized by the Royal Society.
The Society, founded in 1660, seeks to recognize, promote and
support excellence in science and to encourage the development
and use of science for the benefit of humanity. This is the first
time that forensic science has been a focus for the historic
fellowship of distinguished scientists.
“It’s an honor to have been invited and to be among the first forensic scientists to present to the Royal Society,” said
Furton, who also is a professor of chemistry and biochemistry and a frequent expert witness in criminal cases. “It is
testament to the significant advances being made in the field of forensic sciences.”
Furton’s presented work focused on identifying trace amounts of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that originate
from forensic specimens, such as drugs, explosives, live human scent and the scent of death. This trace evidence in
the form of VOCs has been used increasingly in criminal proceedings as it can indicate the presence of contraband
and can associate an individual to a particular location or object.
The paper is coauthored by Norma Iris Caraballo, Michelle M. Cerreta and Howard K. Holness.
The science of smell featured in Royal Society journal
Stay in TouchFIU Chemistry alums can be found all across
the globe making their degrees work for
them. Your FIU Department of Chemistry
would like to stay in touch. We love hearing
about where your degree has taken you!
Email us at [email protected] or call us at
305-348-2606 or connect via Facebook by
joining the FIU Chemistry Alumni Group. We
recently hit 200 members! Here you can find
out what your old classmates are up to and
you can let them know where your career
has taken you.
We now have a Chemistry Chapter of FIU
Alumni! Jeannette Perr, Ph.D. (2005) is the
President of the chapter. Look for us on
Facebook: Search “FIU Chemistry Alumni”
and ask to join!
Department of Chemistry and BiochemistrySchool of Integrated Science and HumanityCollege of Arts, Sciences & EducationFlorida International University11200 SW 8th Street, CP 304Miami, FL 33199
For more information about online programs offered by the College of Arts, Sciences & Education visit cas.fiu.edu.
For general information, visit fiu.eduFlorida International University is an Equal Opportunity/Access Employer and Institution
15906_07/16
Newsletter Spring 2016
chemistry.fiu.edu
The decade of the 1990’s was one of growth and maturation for the
FIU Chemistry Department. Although the department had finally
moved into its own building in 1991, settling into our new home was
fraught with construction issues that had to be addressed. We walked
into a number of labs where water was connected to gas lines, and sink
drains were not connected so that water ran out onto the floor, some
hoods were not properly vented, and there were many water leaks
behind walls. Additional lab furniture had to be purchased and installed.
But the worst problem was the noisiness of the hoods such that
instructors could not be heard in the teaching labs. It took a $1 million
fix to get the hoods working properly. There was also a serious acoustic
problem in the lecture hall (CP145) that had to be addressed by acoustic
engineers before it was resolved. The building withstood Hurricane
Andrew (1992) quite well, except for the new “pliable, rubberized” roof
having to be replaced with a conventional one.
Further growth in the chemistry program led to the hiring of thirteen new
faculty members during the 1990’s: Kevin O’Shea, 1991 (UCLA, Organic
Chemistry), William Cooper, 1992 (University of Miami, Environmental
Chemistry) (left FIU in 1997), Rudolf Jaffe, 1993 (Indiana University,
Environmental and Analytical Chemistry), David Becker, 1993 (MIT, Organic
Chemistry), Webe Kadima, 1993 (University of Alberta, Canada, Physical
Chemistry) (left FIU in 1998), Yiwei Deng, 1994 (Swiss Federal Institute
- ETH, Analytical Chemistry) (left FIU in 2001), David Chatfield, 1995
(University of Minnesota, Physical Chemistry), Yong Cai, 1997 (Nankai
University, China, Environmental and Analytical Chemistry), Stanislaw
Wnuk, 1997 (Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland, Organic
Chemistry), José Almirall, 1998 (University of Strathclyde, UK, Analytical
and Forensic Chemistry), Piero Gardinali, 1998 (Texas A&M University,
Analytical and Environmental Chemistry), Palmer Graves, 1998 (University
of Oklahoma, Chemical Education), and Kathleen Rein, 1998 (University of
Miami, Organic Chemistry).
Sadly, Professor Howard Moore passed away in 1994, and Laboratory
Manager Fred Hoover passed away in 1998.
In 1994, after thirteen years of service, Leonard Keller stepped down as
department chairman. Ramón López de la Vega became chair of chemistry
(1994-1997) followed by Ken Furton (1997-2001).
Growth and maturation were fueled by a number of things that were
taking place at the University during the 1990’s on a number of fronts –
all of which were interconnected: undergraduate courses and labs were
growing phenomenally as the University grew creating the need for more
faculty. With the addition of more full time faculty, research activity, external
grant funding, and publication increased; and with the need for more
undergraduate lab sections, there was a growing need for more graduate
student teaching assistants to teach those labs. By the end of the decade,
our graduate student population had grown to over thirty.
Forensic Science came to FIU within the Chemistry Department during the
late 1990’s where the International Forensic Research Institute (IFRI) was
founded by Ken Furton in 1997, and the Department began offering the MS
degree in Forensic Science in 1998.
A good deal of the decade was spent working toward and justifying the
approval of a Ph.D. degree in chemistry. It all came together in 1997 when
the program was approved by the Florida Board of Regents. The program
was to focus on two areas: biomedical chemistry and environmental
aspects of chemistry, being held together by the traditional areas of
analytical, organic, physical, inorganic, and biochemistry. The program
began with the modest enrollment of three students (compare this number
with our current graduate student population of 151!), and the first Ph.D.
degree in chemistry was awarded to Albert Sabucedo in 2001.
With the end of the decade, chemistry at FIU had finally started to mature
and would blossom with the coming of a new century.
The Chemistry and Physics building then and now.
Top: 1991. Bottom 2015.
NON PROFIT ORG
US POSTAGE
PAID
MIAMI FL
PERMIT NO 3675
A History of FIU Chemistry:1992-2001
This is the fourth installment in a series outlining the history of chemistry at Florida International University. Each segment will
be written by a Chemistry faculty member who has been part of the FIU chemistry story over the years.
by Leonard Keller
Continued on page 4
5
Story from FIU News.
Using theoretical calculations to understand chemical evolution in planetary atmospheres and the interstellar medium
Then
Now
Alexander M. Mebel
joined the Department
of Chemistry and
Biochemistry in 2003,
after spending 7 years
as a Research Fellow in
the Institute of Atomic
and Molecular Sciences
of Academia Sinica in Taiwan. He earned his PhD
in Physical Chemistry from the Russian Academy of
Sciences in Moscow in 1990.
The area of Mebel’s research is applications-oriented theoretical chemistry, i.e, computer simulations of the behavior of molecules based on ‘the first principles’ – the laws of quantum mechanics.
The calculations using powerful supercomputers are employed to investigate chemical and photochemical reactions relevant to combustion of fossil fuels, atmospheric chemistry of planets and moons in the Solar System, and astrochemistry. The theoretical computations provide the 3-D distribution of electrons in atoms and thus the overall energy level of a molecule and also reveal mechanisms of chemical reactions
FIU Nuclear and Radiochemistry program keeps growing
Dr. Sonia M
Underwood joined
the Department of
Chemistry and
Biochemistry at FIU in
January of 2016. Sonia received her
Ph.D. in Chemistry from Clemson
University focusing in the area of
chemistry education. She continued
at Clemson as a post-doctoral fellow
before working at Michigan State
University as a Research Associate.
In her current research, she
develops assessments to investigate
the effects of curricula changes,
how students connect structure-
property relationships, as well as
how students then apply their
chemistry knowledge to other
science courses.
Senior Lecturer
Dr. Uma Swamy
was recognized with
a Faculty Award
for Excellence in
Teaching, presented at the 50th
anniversary celebration of the Faculty
Convocation Awards in fall 2015.
Dr. Swamy was the first to use a
fully flipped classroom approach in
conjunction with active learning in a
large lecture setting in chemistry at FIU.
In addition to supervising the general
chemistry and Survey of Forensic
Science laboratories, she also serves
as an advisor to the FIU Chemical
Society (formerly the Chemistry Club)
and MEDLIFE and she oversees a
volunteer tutoring program called
CHEMPAL (Chemistry Peer
Assisted Learning).
Professor Kevin
O’Shea was
recognized with a
Faculty Award for
Excellence in
Research and Creative Activities,
presented at the 50th anniversary
celebration of the Faculty
Convocation Awards in fall 2015.
Professor O’Shea joined the
Department of Chemistry at FIU in
1991. His research interests over the
past 25 years have centered on the
reactions of reactive oxygen species
with compounds of environmental
and biological significance. He is
recognized as a pioneer in the field
of environmental chemistry and is
considered an expert on
understanding the oxidative
transformation of toxins and
pollutants especially related to
innovative technologies for drinking
water purification. The O’Shea
research group has published — 120
peer-reviewed publications and given
— 300 conference papers and
invited talks. The majority of these
papers are published in the top tier
journals including Environmental
Science and Technology, the #1
ranked journal for environmental
sciences. One of his 2014 papers
was downloaded more than 20,000
times! This award recognizes
exceptional performance and
provides a one-time honorarium, an
engraved award, and an FIU medal.
Using theoretical calculations to understand chemical evolution in planetary atmospheres and the interstellar medium
Faculty News
I extend warm greetings to alumni,
students and friends and appreciate
your remaining in touch. It is with great
sadness that we report the passing
of Dr. Leonard Keller on Sunday, July
17. Lenny was one of FIU’s founding
faculty, having spent 44 years in this
institution. Our next newsletter will
feature a retrospective of Lenny’s
career at FIU.
This year, I will use my bully pulpit
to tell you about a few of our new
directions and programs – and ask you
to spread the word! Do you remember
your first course in chemistry? Struggling with a host of new concepts, from
atomic orbitals to titration to Lewis’s vs Brønsted’s definition of acids and
bases? Maybe you, like me, found it fascinating to knit these ideas together
into a new view of physical reality. Many, though, find it daunting. With the
front-and-center position of STEM education nation- and world-wide, FIU is
investing in new pedagogies to help students master science, and that means
doing research on effective science teaching and learning techniques. We
recently hired our first chemical education researcher, Dr. Sonia Underwood.
Her interests include the presentation of concepts that cut across the
disciplines of chemistry, biology and physics in ways that reinforce each other.
Help me welcome Dr. Underwood!
In Fall 2016 we will begin enrolling students in a brand new program, a B.S.
in Biochemistry. Many scientists hail the 21st century as the Biotech Century,
anticipating an explosive merging of computer and information technology
with advances in biochemistry and molecular biology like rapid sequencing
and gene editing techniques such as CRISPR. We are excited that our new
Biochemistry B.S., and our still young and growing Biochemistry Ph.D., will
prepare students for cutting-edge fields like biotechnology. Also coming on
line last year was our new Radiochemistry Track within the Chemistry Ph.D.
program. With connections to national labs, fellowships, and scholarships,
our students will learn about biosensor and therapeutics development based
on radionuclides, environmental remediation, and clean energy alternatives.
We are resourcing these new programs, with hiring underway as I write.
Stay posted!
On a personal note, I will be stepping down as chair this August. I have
enjoyed the eight years leading a growing department. So much change!
New buildings have sprung up, as have programs like the Biochemistry B.S.
and Ph.D. and the Environmental and Radiochemistry tracks. The faculty
size and student population have swelled. I am optimistic about the future
of the department and of FIU. As you will read elsewhere in this issue, Dr.
Yong Cai will be the new chair and, I am sure, lead the department with
very capable hands. Meanwhile, I am looking forward to a long overdue
sabbatical and to turning my efforts more energetically to teaching
and research.
These are just a few of the many developments in the department. We
invite you to come for a visit, see a former professor, attend a seminar,
visit our website chemistry.fiu.edu, or check out the alumni Facebook group
“FIU Chemistry Alumni” (ask to join!). We hope it is a banner year for you and
the department!
David Chatfield, Chair
Our Ph.D. Program
in Chemistry
has been ranked
number 11 among
183 Chemistry
Programs nationwide by PhD.org (http://www.phds.org/rankings/
chemistry). These rankings are based on Assessments by The National
Research Council and Surveys of Earned Doctorates, Postdoctorates and
Graduate Students carried out by the National Science Foundation, National
Institutes of Health and the National Center for Education Statistics.
A new degree, the Bachelor of Science in Biochemistry, is being offered
by our department. We expect students who complete this degree to be in
high demand from pharmaceutical and other biotechnological industries. It
will initially accept students in the Fall of 2016.
FIU’s Biomolecular Sciences Institute brings together interdisciplinary
and distinguished experts from several departments within the College of
Arts, Sciences & Education, the College of Engineering & Computing, the
Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work and the Herbert
Wertheim College of Medicine. It has been enabling students to work
with a strong group of researchers on collaborative projects focusing
on biomacromolecular interactions, development and identification
of biomarkers, and the application of nanotechnology to infectious
diseases, cancer biology and neurodegenerative disorders.
Our own Professor Leonard Keller, a founding faculty member at FIU,
has been presented with a “Salutes to Excellence” award by the South
Florida Section of the American Chemical Society. It recognizes his
many contributions to the University, to his students and to the
Chemical Community.
Department elects new chair! After serving two
consecutive four-year terms as department chairman,
Dr. David Chatfield, is stepping down. Many thanks to
Dr. Chatfield for all of his efforts over the past eight years.
He has overseen significant growth of the department
including eight faculty and instructor hires, the implementation of
environmental and nuclear tracks within our Ph.D. program and the
approval of a new BS in Biochemistry. Dr. Yong Cai, an analytical chemist
who has been with the department for 18 years will take over as chair
in August of 2016.
Ross Harper ’05 Ph.D., Forensic Track, Professor Furton. Dr. Harper is a senior staff scientist in the explosives division ofICx Technologies, which develops and integrates advanced sensor technologies for homeland security, force protection, and commercial applications.
Yunping Xu, ’05 Ph.D., Environmental Chemistry, Professor Jaffe. Dr. Xu assumed a faculty position at the University of Peking, the most prestigious university in China after a two-year postdoctoral appointment in Canada.
Mr. Richard (Rick) Middleton Jr. ’08 B.S., Undergraduate research, Dr. Kavallieratos. After graduation, Rick served as a medic in Iraq. He is now a certified chemistry teacher at Piper High in Broward.
Dr. Monica Joshi ’10 Ph.D., Forensic Track, Dr. Almirall. Dr. Joshi is an Assistant Professor of Chemistry at West Chester University in Pennsylvania.
Dr. Meilian Chen ’11 Ph.D., Dr. Jaffé. Meilian holds a post-doctoral position at the Department of Environment & Energy, Sejong University in Korea.
Mr. Jonathan Gabison ’12 B.S., Undergraduate research, Dr. Liu. Jonathan is a medical student at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine.
Dr. Wentian Wang ’12 Ph.D., Dr. Rein. Wentian holds a post-doctoral appointment at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center.
Dr. Kevin Schneider ’13 Ph.D., Dr. DeCaprio. Kevin is a forensic toxicologist for the Commonwealth of Virginia Department of Forensic Science. He conducts ante- and post-mortem analysis of drugs of abuse in human specimens.
Dr. Wenjun Jiang ’13 Ph.D., Dr. O’Shea. Wenjun is working in industry focused on water analyses in South Carolina where he lives with his wife and their new son.
Dr. Jessie Pulido ’14 Ph.D., Dr. Wnuk. Jessie accepted a full-time tenure track faculty position at Miami-Dade College. Jesse and his long-time girlfriend Jessica Zias (also one of Dr. Wnuk’s students) recently became engaged!
Karla Lorente ’14 B.S., Undergraduate Research, Dr. Liu. Karla is a medical student in Boston University School of Medicine.
Dr. Ryan Cassell ’14 Ph.D., Dr. Rein. Ryan recently accepted a full-time tenure track faculty position at the Wolfson Campus of Miami-Dade College.
Dr. Pablo Sacasa, B.A. ’97, M.S. ’03 Ph.D., 2010, Dr. Wnuk, now chair of the Department of Chemistry at Miami-Dade College North Campus, and his wife recently celebrated the birth of their daughter.
Alumni Notes
2 3 4
Letter from the chairman
Did You Know?
Continued from cover.
Ph.D. Program
Ranked #11
Within the last couple of years, team efforts from
the Chemistry & Biochemistry Department have
brought to FIU millions of dollars in research,
education, curriculum and faculty development
in Nuclear and Radiochemistry. FIU is now at the
forefront of this high-growth area with excellent
job prospects for our students including a new
Ph.D. track in Radiochemistry.
The Radiochemistry Ph.D. track is preparing
students with an interest in the broader
chemical aspects of nuclear and radiological
sciences. Graduates will have developed a
strong expertise in both applied radiological
sciences and chemistry, and will be able to find
employment in these very high-demand areas in
government, industry and academia.
Since 2012, the department nuclear team
efforts, led by Dr. Konstantinos Kavallieratos
have brought 8 contracts and grants to FIU,
7 of which are currently active, in excess of
$2.5M, from sources, such as the US Nuclear
Regulatory Commission, (NRC), the US Dept.
of Energy Environmental Management Program
(US-DOE-EM) and the US-DOE Nuclear Energy
University Programs (NEUP). This success
was a result of close collaboration with the
FIU Applied Research Center (ARC) and its
Executive Director Dr. Ines Triay, and Associate
Director Dr. Dave Roelant. More than $1 million
was awarded in July 2015 alone with 6 awards
from the last 6 proposals. Currently, $1.7
million is pending in submitted proposals.
Florida Power & Light Co. has supported
a seminar program that has brought 6
distinguished Nuclear Chemistry Speakers to FIU.
A new American Nuclear Society (ANS) Student
Chapter was established by the ANS President
Dr. Eugene Grecheck at FIU. U.S. Department of
Defense Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense
for Nuclear Matters, Dr. Vahid Majidi, visited
FIU to discuss funding opportunities related to
homeland security and nuclear forensics. Our
team also presented at the French Society for
Nuclear Energy meeting in Paris.
Our nuclear research efforts led by
Dr. Kavallieratos are funded by US-DOE (EM-
Savannah River Nuclear Solutions) to improve
the solvent extraction process for High-Level
Nuclear Waste by co-extracting Cesium
and Actinides. Our FIU Nuclear Research
Scholarships program has supported 21
undergraduate student research projects,
while our research fellowships program
supports currently 4 Ph.D. and 2 M.S. research
assistantships. Both programs have been
sponsored through 3 separate NRC grants.
In addition, a new $3M/7year cooperative
agreement between FIU and DOE-NEUP signed
in July 2015, allows FIU graduate students to
compete nationally for the prestigious DOE-
NEUP fellowship for up to three FIU spots, to be
awarded annually, and for scholarship spots for
undergraduate students.
Through an NRC Faculty Development grant
effort led by Dr. David Chatfield, FIU is now
attracting two world-class radiochemistry faculty
and is expanding its nuclear and radiochemistry
capabilities. With this rapid expansion in the
horizon, the next challenge for the nuclear
faculty group is to manage its extensive
resources, student tracking, recruiting and
engagement on research. We hope to introduce
you to our new nuclear faculty hires in our next
newsletter.
unraveling how various molecules interact with each other to form reaction intermediates and eventually different products.
Some of the most fascinating projects in Mebel’s lab are the studies of chemical processes in the atmosphere of Saturn’s moon Titan, which are performed in close collaboration with several experimental groups in the US, France, and Taiwan. With NASA’s Cassini/Huygens mission to Saturn and its environs providing us, the closest view ever of a distant planetary system, we have learned that the great moon, Titan, is indeed like a dark reflection of Earth. Titan has long been thought to resemble a frozen primordial version of our home planet, and its atmosphere exhibits remarkable parallels to our own. It is dense, 1.4 bar at the surface, composed primarily nitrogen with a few percent methane and countless trace constituents but little oxygen. With a surface temperature of 90 K, there exists a “methanological cycle” analogous to the hydrological cycle on earth, that gives rise to methane clouds and rain. There is a tropopause at 75 K and a stratosphere that is considerably warmer owing to absorption of solar radiation by dense haze layers playing the role of ozone on Earth. This complex haze has completely obscured the surface until the recent infrared and radar imaging from Cassini, the more limited terrestrial observations in the infrared, and the visible imaging directly from the surface by the Huygens probe.
Mebel’s theoretical calculations together with experiments carried out by an international team of scientists confirmed a key chemical reaction that forms the molecule triacetylene in the ultra-cold atmosphere of Titan. Since Titan’s current atmosphere is thought to resemble Earth’s early atmosphere, the researchers’ study suggested triacetylene may have been formed in Earth’s early atmosphere and offered clues to the evolution of Earth’s atmosphere before the development of life some 3.5 billion years ago. Triacetylene is member of the polyyne family of compounds. Polyynes are
thought to serve as an ultraviolet radiation shields in planetary environments, thus acting as prebiotic ozone, and as important components of the orange-colored and aerosol based haze shrouding Titan. The studies revealed that the transformation of acetylene and diacetylene to polyacetylenes such as triacetylene likely present one of the most fundamental steps in the evolution of planetary atmospheres. Triacetylene can be formed by a single collision of a “radical” ethynyl molecule and a diacetylene molecule. Ethynyl is produced in Titan’s atmosphere by the photodissociation of acetylene by ultraviolet light. Mebel’s group combined the experimental results with theoretical computations of the reaction of ethynyl and diacetylene and the computations confirmed that triacetylene may be formed from the reaction of a single radical ethynyl molecule colliding with diacetylene and the existence of three transient intermediate molecules. Most importantly, since the temperature of Titan’s atmosphere ranges from -99 F to -290 F, which necessitates that these chemical reactions release energy, Mebel’s computations confirmed that the formation of triacetylene should be exothermic. These results were used to develop advanced photochemical models of Titan’s atmosphere and the models suggested that triacetylene may serve as a building block to form more complex and longer polyynes and produce potential precursors for the aerosol-based layers of haze surrounding Titan.
In another study, Mebel, together with an international team of scientists, discovered a novel chemical route to form polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) — complex organic molecules such as naphthalene — in ultra-cold regions of interstellar space. These findings have important implications for the synthetic routes to a key class of organic molecules in the interstellar medium associated with the origins of life. PAHs have been dubbed as the ‘cradle of life’ in the interstellar medium and are considered key players in the astrobiological evolution. Functionalized PAHs were found in organic extracts from the Murchison meteorite and form membrane-like boundary, or rudimentary cell type structures, which are a pre-requisite to the origin of life. Mebel and his collaborators showed that naphthalene can be formed as a consequence of a single collision event via a barrier-less and exoergic reaction between the phenyl radical and vinylacetylene. The computations indicate that the reaction has no ‘activation energy’ a finding that challenges the conventional view that PAH can only be formed at high temperatures and implies that low temperature chemistry can initiate the PAH synthesis in cold planetary atmospheres like that of Titan.
FIU Nuclear and Radiochemistry program keeps growing
Dr. Sonia M
Underwood joined
the Department of
Chemistry and
Biochemistry at FIU in
January of 2016. Sonia received her
Ph.D. in Chemistry from Clemson
University focusing in the area of
chemistry education. She continued
at Clemson as a post-doctoral fellow
before working at Michigan State
University as a Research Associate.
In her current research, she
develops assessments to investigate
the effects of curricula changes,
how students connect structure-
property relationships, as well as
how students then apply their
chemistry knowledge to other
science courses.
Senior Lecturer
Dr. Uma Swamy
was recognized with
a Faculty Award
for Excellence in
Teaching, presented at the 50th
anniversary celebration of the Faculty
Convocation Awards in fall 2015.
Dr. Swamy was the first to use a
fully flipped classroom approach in
conjunction with active learning in a
large lecture setting in chemistry at FIU.
In addition to supervising the general
chemistry and Survey of Forensic
Science laboratories, she also serves
as an advisor to the FIU Chemical
Society (formerly the Chemistry Club)
and MEDLIFE and she oversees a
volunteer tutoring program called
CHEMPAL (Chemistry Peer
Assisted Learning).
Professor Kevin
O’Shea was
recognized with a
Faculty Award for
Excellence in
Research and Creative Activities,
presented at the 50th anniversary
celebration of the Faculty
Convocation Awards in fall 2015.
Professor O’Shea joined the
Department of Chemistry at FIU in
1991. His research interests over the
past 25 years have centered on the
reactions of reactive oxygen species
with compounds of environmental
and biological significance. He is
recognized as a pioneer in the field
of environmental chemistry and is
considered an expert on
understanding the oxidative
transformation of toxins and
pollutants especially related to
innovative technologies for drinking
water purification. The O’Shea
research group has published — 120
peer-reviewed publications and given
— 300 conference papers and
invited talks. The majority of these
papers are published in the top tier
journals including Environmental
Science and Technology, the #1
ranked journal for environmental
sciences. One of his 2014 papers
was downloaded more than 20,000
times! This award recognizes
exceptional performance and
provides a one-time honorarium, an
engraved award, and an FIU medal.
Using theoretical calculations to understand chemical evolution in planetary atmospheres and the interstellar medium
Faculty News
I extend warm greetings to alumni,
students and friends and appreciate
your remaining in touch. It is with great
sadness that we report the passing
of Dr. Leonard Keller on Sunday, July
17. Lenny was one of FIU’s founding
faculty, having spent 44 years in this
institution. Our next newsletter will
feature a retrospective of Lenny’s
career at FIU.
This year, I will use my bully pulpit
to tell you about a few of our new
directions and programs – and ask you
to spread the word! Do you remember
your first course in chemistry? Struggling with a host of new concepts, from
atomic orbitals to titration to Lewis’s vs Brønsted’s definition of acids and
bases? Maybe you, like me, found it fascinating to knit these ideas together
into a new view of physical reality. Many, though, find it daunting. With the
front-and-center position of STEM education nation- and world-wide, FIU is
investing in new pedagogies to help students master science, and that means
doing research on effective science teaching and learning techniques. We
recently hired our first chemical education researcher, Dr. Sonia Underwood.
Her interests include the presentation of concepts that cut across the
disciplines of chemistry, biology and physics in ways that reinforce each other.
Help me welcome Dr. Underwood!
In Fall 2016 we will begin enrolling students in a brand new program, a B.S.
in Biochemistry. Many scientists hail the 21st century as the Biotech Century,
anticipating an explosive merging of computer and information technology
with advances in biochemistry and molecular biology like rapid sequencing
and gene editing techniques such as CRISPR. We are excited that our new
Biochemistry B.S., and our still young and growing Biochemistry Ph.D., will
prepare students for cutting-edge fields like biotechnology. Also coming on
line last year was our new Radiochemistry Track within the Chemistry Ph.D.
program. With connections to national labs, fellowships, and scholarships,
our students will learn about biosensor and therapeutics development based
on radionuclides, environmental remediation, and clean energy alternatives.
We are resourcing these new programs, with hiring underway as I write.
Stay posted!
On a personal note, I will be stepping down as chair this August. I have
enjoyed the eight years leading a growing department. So much change!
New buildings have sprung up, as have programs like the Biochemistry B.S.
and Ph.D. and the Environmental and Radiochemistry tracks. The faculty
size and student population have swelled. I am optimistic about the future
of the department and of FIU. As you will read elsewhere in this issue, Dr.
Yong Cai will be the new chair and, I am sure, lead the department with
very capable hands. Meanwhile, I am looking forward to a long overdue
sabbatical and to turning my efforts more energetically to teaching
and research.
These are just a few of the many developments in the department. We
invite you to come for a visit, see a former professor, attend a seminar,
visit our website chemistry.fiu.edu, or check out the alumni Facebook group
“FIU Chemistry Alumni” (ask to join!). We hope it is a banner year for you and
the department!
David Chatfield, Chair
Our Ph.D. Program
in Chemistry
has been ranked
number 11 among
183 Chemistry
Programs nationwide by PhD.org (http://www.phds.org/rankings/
chemistry). These rankings are based on Assessments by The National
Research Council and Surveys of Earned Doctorates, Postdoctorates and
Graduate Students carried out by the National Science Foundation, National
Institutes of Health and the National Center for Education Statistics.
A new degree, the Bachelor of Science in Biochemistry, is being offered
by our department. We expect students who complete this degree to be in
high demand from pharmaceutical and other biotechnological industries. It
will initially accept students in the Fall of 2016.
FIU’s Biomolecular Sciences Institute brings together interdisciplinary
and distinguished experts from several departments within the College of
Arts, Sciences & Education, the College of Engineering & Computing, the
Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work and the Herbert
Wertheim College of Medicine. It has been enabling students to work
with a strong group of researchers on collaborative projects focusing
on biomacromolecular interactions, development and identification
of biomarkers, and the application of nanotechnology to infectious
diseases, cancer biology and neurodegenerative disorders.
Our own Professor Leonard Keller, a founding faculty member at FIU,
has been presented with a “Salutes to Excellence” award by the South
Florida Section of the American Chemical Society. It recognizes his
many contributions to the University, to his students and to the
Chemical Community.
Department elects new chair! After serving two
consecutive four-year terms as department chairman,
Dr. David Chatfield, is stepping down. Many thanks to
Dr. Chatfield for all of his efforts over the past eight years.
He has overseen significant growth of the department
including eight faculty and instructor hires, the implementation of
environmental and nuclear tracks within our Ph.D. program and the
approval of a new BS in Biochemistry. Dr. Yong Cai, an analytical chemist
who has been with the department for 18 years will take over as chair
in August of 2016.
Ross Harper ’05 Ph.D., Forensic Track, Professor Furton. Dr. Harper is a senior staff scientist in the explosives division ofICx Technologies, which develops and integrates advanced sensor technologies for homeland security, force protection, and commercial applications.
Yunping Xu, ’05 Ph.D., Environmental Chemistry, Professor Jaffe. Dr. Xu assumed a faculty position at the University of Peking, the most prestigious university in China after a two-year postdoctoral appointment in Canada.
Mr. Richard (Rick) Middleton Jr. ’08 B.S., Undergraduate research, Dr. Kavallieratos. After graduation, Rick served as a medic in Iraq. He is now a certified chemistry teacher at Piper High in Broward.
Dr. Monica Joshi ’10 Ph.D., Forensic Track, Dr. Almirall. Dr. Joshi is an Assistant Professor of Chemistry at West Chester University in Pennsylvania.
Dr. Meilian Chen ’11 Ph.D., Dr. Jaffé. Meilian holds a post-doctoral position at the Department of Environment & Energy, Sejong University in Korea.
Mr. Jonathan Gabison ’12 B.S., Undergraduate research, Dr. Liu. Jonathan is a medical student at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine.
Dr. Wentian Wang ’12 Ph.D., Dr. Rein. Wentian holds a post-doctoral appointment at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center.
Dr. Kevin Schneider ’13 Ph.D., Dr. DeCaprio. Kevin is a forensic toxicologist for the Commonwealth of Virginia Department of Forensic Science. He conducts ante- and post-mortem analysis of drugs of abuse in human specimens.
Dr. Wenjun Jiang ’13 Ph.D., Dr. O’Shea. Wenjun is working in industry focused on water analyses in South Carolina where he lives with his wife and their new son.
Dr. Jessie Pulido ’14 Ph.D., Dr. Wnuk. Jessie accepted a full-time tenure track faculty position at Miami-Dade College. Jesse and his long-time girlfriend Jessica Zias (also one of Dr. Wnuk’s students) recently became engaged!
Karla Lorente ’14 B.S., Undergraduate Research, Dr. Liu. Karla is a medical student in Boston University School of Medicine.
Dr. Ryan Cassell ’14 Ph.D., Dr. Rein. Ryan recently accepted a full-time tenure track faculty position at the Wolfson Campus of Miami-Dade College.
Dr. Pablo Sacasa, B.A. ’97, M.S. ’03 Ph.D., 2010, Dr. Wnuk, now chair of the Department of Chemistry at Miami-Dade College North Campus, and his wife recently celebrated the birth of their daughter.
Alumni Notes
2 3 4
Letter from the chairman
Did You Know?
Continued from cover.
Ph.D. Program
Ranked #11
Within the last couple of years, team efforts from
the Chemistry & Biochemistry Department have
brought to FIU millions of dollars in research,
education, curriculum and faculty development
in Nuclear and Radiochemistry. FIU is now at the
forefront of this high-growth area with excellent
job prospects for our students including a new
Ph.D. track in Radiochemistry.
The Radiochemistry Ph.D. track is preparing
students with an interest in the broader
chemical aspects of nuclear and radiological
sciences. Graduates will have developed a
strong expertise in both applied radiological
sciences and chemistry, and will be able to find
employment in these very high-demand areas in
government, industry and academia.
Since 2012, the department nuclear team
efforts, led by Dr. Konstantinos Kavallieratos
have brought 8 contracts and grants to FIU,
7 of which are currently active, in excess of
$2.5M, from sources, such as the US Nuclear
Regulatory Commission, (NRC), the US Dept.
of Energy Environmental Management Program
(US-DOE-EM) and the US-DOE Nuclear Energy
University Programs (NEUP). This success
was a result of close collaboration with the
FIU Applied Research Center (ARC) and its
Executive Director Dr. Ines Triay, and Associate
Director Dr. Dave Roelant. More than $1 million
was awarded in July 2015 alone with 6 awards
from the last 6 proposals. Currently, $1.7
million is pending in submitted proposals.
Florida Power & Light Co. has supported
a seminar program that has brought 6
distinguished Nuclear Chemistry Speakers to FIU.
A new American Nuclear Society (ANS) Student
Chapter was established by the ANS President
Dr. Eugene Grecheck at FIU. U.S. Department of
Defense Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense
for Nuclear Matters, Dr. Vahid Majidi, visited
FIU to discuss funding opportunities related to
homeland security and nuclear forensics. Our
team also presented at the French Society for
Nuclear Energy meeting in Paris.
Our nuclear research efforts led by
Dr. Kavallieratos are funded by US-DOE (EM-
Savannah River Nuclear Solutions) to improve
the solvent extraction process for High-Level
Nuclear Waste by co-extracting Cesium
and Actinides. Our FIU Nuclear Research
Scholarships program has supported 21
undergraduate student research projects,
while our research fellowships program
supports currently 4 Ph.D. and 2 M.S. research
assistantships. Both programs have been
sponsored through 3 separate NRC grants.
In addition, a new $3M/7year cooperative
agreement between FIU and DOE-NEUP signed
in July 2015, allows FIU graduate students to
compete nationally for the prestigious DOE-
NEUP fellowship for up to three FIU spots, to be
awarded annually, and for scholarship spots for
undergraduate students.
Through an NRC Faculty Development grant
effort led by Dr. David Chatfield, FIU is now
attracting two world-class radiochemistry faculty
and is expanding its nuclear and radiochemistry
capabilities. With this rapid expansion in the
horizon, the next challenge for the nuclear
faculty group is to manage its extensive
resources, student tracking, recruiting and
engagement on research. We hope to introduce
you to our new nuclear faculty hires in our next
newsletter.
unraveling how various molecules interact with each other to form reaction intermediates and eventually different products.
Some of the most fascinating projects in Mebel’s lab are the studies of chemical processes in the atmosphere of Saturn’s moon Titan, which are performed in close collaboration with several experimental groups in the US, France, and Taiwan. With NASA’s Cassini/Huygens mission to Saturn and its environs providing us, the closest view ever of a distant planetary system, we have learned that the great moon, Titan, is indeed like a dark reflection of Earth. Titan has long been thought to resemble a frozen primordial version of our home planet, and its atmosphere exhibits remarkable parallels to our own. It is dense, 1.4 bar at the surface, composed primarily nitrogen with a few percent methane and countless trace constituents but little oxygen. With a surface temperature of 90 K, there exists a “methanological cycle” analogous to the hydrological cycle on earth, that gives rise to methane clouds and rain. There is a tropopause at 75 K and a stratosphere that is considerably warmer owing to absorption of solar radiation by dense haze layers playing the role of ozone on Earth. This complex haze has completely obscured the surface until the recent infrared and radar imaging from Cassini, the more limited terrestrial observations in the infrared, and the visible imaging directly from the surface by the Huygens probe.
Mebel’s theoretical calculations together with experiments carried out by an international team of scientists confirmed a key chemical reaction that forms the molecule triacetylene in the ultra-cold atmosphere of Titan. Since Titan’s current atmosphere is thought to resemble Earth’s early atmosphere, the researchers’ study suggested triacetylene may have been formed in Earth’s early atmosphere and offered clues to the evolution of Earth’s atmosphere before the development of life some 3.5 billion years ago. Triacetylene is member of the polyyne family of compounds. Polyynes are
thought to serve as an ultraviolet radiation shields in planetary environments, thus acting as prebiotic ozone, and as important components of the orange-colored and aerosol based haze shrouding Titan. The studies revealed that the transformation of acetylene and diacetylene to polyacetylenes such as triacetylene likely present one of the most fundamental steps in the evolution of planetary atmospheres. Triacetylene can be formed by a single collision of a “radical” ethynyl molecule and a diacetylene molecule. Ethynyl is produced in Titan’s atmosphere by the photodissociation of acetylene by ultraviolet light. Mebel’s group combined the experimental results with theoretical computations of the reaction of ethynyl and diacetylene and the computations confirmed that triacetylene may be formed from the reaction of a single radical ethynyl molecule colliding with diacetylene and the existence of three transient intermediate molecules. Most importantly, since the temperature of Titan’s atmosphere ranges from -99 F to -290 F, which necessitates that these chemical reactions release energy, Mebel’s computations confirmed that the formation of triacetylene should be exothermic. These results were used to develop advanced photochemical models of Titan’s atmosphere and the models suggested that triacetylene may serve as a building block to form more complex and longer polyynes and produce potential precursors for the aerosol-based layers of haze surrounding Titan.
In another study, Mebel, together with an international team of scientists, discovered a novel chemical route to form polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) — complex organic molecules such as naphthalene — in ultra-cold regions of interstellar space. These findings have important implications for the synthetic routes to a key class of organic molecules in the interstellar medium associated with the origins of life. PAHs have been dubbed as the ‘cradle of life’ in the interstellar medium and are considered key players in the astrobiological evolution. Functionalized PAHs were found in organic extracts from the Murchison meteorite and form membrane-like boundary, or rudimentary cell type structures, which are a pre-requisite to the origin of life. Mebel and his collaborators showed that naphthalene can be formed as a consequence of a single collision event via a barrier-less and exoergic reaction between the phenyl radical and vinylacetylene. The computations indicate that the reaction has no ‘activation energy’ a finding that challenges the conventional view that PAH can only be formed at high temperatures and implies that low temperature chemistry can initiate the PAH synthesis in cold planetary atmospheres like that of Titan.
FIU Nuclear and Radiochemistry program keeps growing
Dr. Sonia M
Underwood joined
the Department of
Chemistry and
Biochemistry at FIU in
January of 2016. Sonia received her
Ph.D. in Chemistry from Clemson
University focusing in the area of
chemistry education. She continued
at Clemson as a post-doctoral fellow
before working at Michigan State
University as a Research Associate.
In her current research, she
develops assessments to investigate
the effects of curricula changes,
how students connect structure-
property relationships, as well as
how students then apply their
chemistry knowledge to other
science courses.
Senior Lecturer
Dr. Uma Swamy
was recognized with
a Faculty Award
for Excellence in
Teaching, presented at the 50th
anniversary celebration of the Faculty
Convocation Awards in fall 2015.
Dr. Swamy was the first to use a
fully flipped classroom approach in
conjunction with active learning in a
large lecture setting in chemistry at FIU.
In addition to supervising the general
chemistry and Survey of Forensic
Science laboratories, she also serves
as an advisor to the FIU Chemical
Society (formerly the Chemistry Club)
and MEDLIFE and she oversees a
volunteer tutoring program called
CHEMPAL (Chemistry Peer
Assisted Learning).
Professor Kevin
O’Shea was
recognized with a
Faculty Award for
Excellence in
Research and Creative Activities,
presented at the 50th anniversary
celebration of the Faculty
Convocation Awards in fall 2015.
Professor O’Shea joined the
Department of Chemistry at FIU in
1991. His research interests over the
past 25 years have centered on the
reactions of reactive oxygen species
with compounds of environmental
and biological significance. He is
recognized as a pioneer in the field
of environmental chemistry and is
considered an expert on
understanding the oxidative
transformation of toxins and
pollutants especially related to
innovative technologies for drinking
water purification. The O’Shea
research group has published — 120
peer-reviewed publications and given
— 300 conference papers and
invited talks. The majority of these
papers are published in the top tier
journals including Environmental
Science and Technology, the #1
ranked journal for environmental
sciences. One of his 2014 papers
was downloaded more than 20,000
times! This award recognizes
exceptional performance and
provides a one-time honorarium, an
engraved award, and an FIU medal.
Using theoretical calculations to understand chemical evolution in planetary atmospheres and the interstellar medium
Faculty News
I extend warm greetings to alumni,
students and friends and appreciate
your remaining in touch. It is with great
sadness that we report the passing
of Dr. Leonard Keller on Sunday, July
17. Lenny was one of FIU’s founding
faculty, having spent 44 years in this
institution. Our next newsletter will
feature a retrospective of Lenny’s
career at FIU.
This year, I will use my bully pulpit
to tell you about a few of our new
directions and programs – and ask you
to spread the word! Do you remember
your first course in chemistry? Struggling with a host of new concepts, from
atomic orbitals to titration to Lewis’s vs Brønsted’s definition of acids and
bases? Maybe you, like me, found it fascinating to knit these ideas together
into a new view of physical reality. Many, though, find it daunting. With the
front-and-center position of STEM education nation- and world-wide, FIU is
investing in new pedagogies to help students master science, and that means
doing research on effective science teaching and learning techniques. We
recently hired our first chemical education researcher, Dr. Sonia Underwood.
Her interests include the presentation of concepts that cut across the
disciplines of chemistry, biology and physics in ways that reinforce each other.
Help me welcome Dr. Underwood!
In Fall 2016 we will begin enrolling students in a brand new program, a B.S.
in Biochemistry. Many scientists hail the 21st century as the Biotech Century,
anticipating an explosive merging of computer and information technology
with advances in biochemistry and molecular biology like rapid sequencing
and gene editing techniques such as CRISPR. We are excited that our new
Biochemistry B.S., and our still young and growing Biochemistry Ph.D., will
prepare students for cutting-edge fields like biotechnology. Also coming on
line last year was our new Radiochemistry Track within the Chemistry Ph.D.
program. With connections to national labs, fellowships, and scholarships,
our students will learn about biosensor and therapeutics development based
on radionuclides, environmental remediation, and clean energy alternatives.
We are resourcing these new programs, with hiring underway as I write.
Stay posted!
On a personal note, I will be stepping down as chair this August. I have
enjoyed the eight years leading a growing department. So much change!
New buildings have sprung up, as have programs like the Biochemistry B.S.
and Ph.D. and the Environmental and Radiochemistry tracks. The faculty
size and student population have swelled. I am optimistic about the future
of the department and of FIU. As you will read elsewhere in this issue, Dr.
Yong Cai will be the new chair and, I am sure, lead the department with
very capable hands. Meanwhile, I am looking forward to a long overdue
sabbatical and to turning my efforts more energetically to teaching
and research.
These are just a few of the many developments in the department. We
invite you to come for a visit, see a former professor, attend a seminar,
visit our website chemistry.fiu.edu, or check out the alumni Facebook group
“FIU Chemistry Alumni” (ask to join!). We hope it is a banner year for you and
the department!
David Chatfield, Chair
Our Ph.D. Program
in Chemistry
has been ranked
number 11 among
183 Chemistry
Programs nationwide by PhD.org (http://www.phds.org/rankings/
chemistry). These rankings are based on Assessments by The National
Research Council and Surveys of Earned Doctorates, Postdoctorates and
Graduate Students carried out by the National Science Foundation, National
Institutes of Health and the National Center for Education Statistics.
A new degree, the Bachelor of Science in Biochemistry, is being offered
by our department. We expect students who complete this degree to be in
high demand from pharmaceutical and other biotechnological industries. It
will initially accept students in the Fall of 2016.
FIU’s Biomolecular Sciences Institute brings together interdisciplinary
and distinguished experts from several departments within the College of
Arts, Sciences & Education, the College of Engineering & Computing, the
Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work and the Herbert
Wertheim College of Medicine. It has been enabling students to work
with a strong group of researchers on collaborative projects focusing
on biomacromolecular interactions, development and identification
of biomarkers, and the application of nanotechnology to infectious
diseases, cancer biology and neurodegenerative disorders.
Our own Professor Leonard Keller, a founding faculty member at FIU,
has been presented with a “Salutes to Excellence” award by the South
Florida Section of the American Chemical Society. It recognizes his
many contributions to the University, to his students and to the
Chemical Community.
Department elects new chair! After serving two
consecutive four-year terms as department chairman,
Dr. David Chatfield, is stepping down. Many thanks to
Dr. Chatfield for all of his efforts over the past eight years.
He has overseen significant growth of the department
including eight faculty and instructor hires, the implementation of
environmental and nuclear tracks within our Ph.D. program and the
approval of a new BS in Biochemistry. Dr. Yong Cai, an analytical chemist
who has been with the department for 18 years will take over as chair
in August of 2016.
Ross Harper ’05 Ph.D., Forensic Track, Professor Furton. Dr. Harper is a senior staff scientist in the explosives division ofICx Technologies, which develops and integrates advanced sensor technologies for homeland security, force protection, and commercial applications.
Yunping Xu, ’05 Ph.D., Environmental Chemistry, Professor Jaffe. Dr. Xu assumed a faculty position at the University of Peking, the most prestigious university in China after a two-year postdoctoral appointment in Canada.
Mr. Richard (Rick) Middleton Jr. ’08 B.S., Undergraduate research, Dr. Kavallieratos. After graduation, Rick served as a medic in Iraq. He is now a certified chemistry teacher at Piper High in Broward.
Dr. Monica Joshi ’10 Ph.D., Forensic Track, Dr. Almirall. Dr. Joshi is an Assistant Professor of Chemistry at West Chester University in Pennsylvania.
Dr. Meilian Chen ’11 Ph.D., Dr. Jaffé. Meilian holds a post-doctoral position at the Department of Environment & Energy, Sejong University in Korea.
Mr. Jonathan Gabison ’12 B.S., Undergraduate research, Dr. Liu. Jonathan is a medical student at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine.
Dr. Wentian Wang ’12 Ph.D., Dr. Rein. Wentian holds a post-doctoral appointment at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center.
Dr. Kevin Schneider ’13 Ph.D., Dr. DeCaprio. Kevin is a forensic toxicologist for the Commonwealth of Virginia Department of Forensic Science. He conducts ante- and post-mortem analysis of drugs of abuse in human specimens.
Dr. Wenjun Jiang ’13 Ph.D., Dr. O’Shea. Wenjun is working in industry focused on water analyses in South Carolina where he lives with his wife and their new son.
Dr. Jessie Pulido ’14 Ph.D., Dr. Wnuk. Jessie accepted a full-time tenure track faculty position at Miami-Dade College. Jesse and his long-time girlfriend Jessica Zias (also one of Dr. Wnuk’s students) recently became engaged!
Karla Lorente ’14 B.S., Undergraduate Research, Dr. Liu. Karla is a medical student in Boston University School of Medicine.
Dr. Ryan Cassell ’14 Ph.D., Dr. Rein. Ryan recently accepted a full-time tenure track faculty position at the Wolfson Campus of Miami-Dade College.
Dr. Pablo Sacasa, B.A. ’97, M.S. ’03 Ph.D., 2010, Dr. Wnuk, now chair of the Department of Chemistry at Miami-Dade College North Campus, and his wife recently celebrated the birth of their daughter.
Alumni Notes
2 3 4
Letter from the chairman
Did You Know?
Continued from cover.
Ph.D. Program
Ranked #11
Within the last couple of years, team efforts from
the Chemistry & Biochemistry Department have
brought to FIU millions of dollars in research,
education, curriculum and faculty development
in Nuclear and Radiochemistry. FIU is now at the
forefront of this high-growth area with excellent
job prospects for our students including a new
Ph.D. track in Radiochemistry.
The Radiochemistry Ph.D. track is preparing
students with an interest in the broader
chemical aspects of nuclear and radiological
sciences. Graduates will have developed a
strong expertise in both applied radiological
sciences and chemistry, and will be able to find
employment in these very high-demand areas in
government, industry and academia.
Since 2012, the department nuclear team
efforts, led by Dr. Konstantinos Kavallieratos
have brought 8 contracts and grants to FIU,
7 of which are currently active, in excess of
$2.5M, from sources, such as the US Nuclear
Regulatory Commission, (NRC), the US Dept.
of Energy Environmental Management Program
(US-DOE-EM) and the US-DOE Nuclear Energy
University Programs (NEUP). This success
was a result of close collaboration with the
FIU Applied Research Center (ARC) and its
Executive Director Dr. Ines Triay, and Associate
Director Dr. Dave Roelant. More than $1 million
was awarded in July 2015 alone with 6 awards
from the last 6 proposals. Currently, $1.7
million is pending in submitted proposals.
Florida Power & Light Co. has supported
a seminar program that has brought 6
distinguished Nuclear Chemistry Speakers to FIU.
A new American Nuclear Society (ANS) Student
Chapter was established by the ANS President
Dr. Eugene Grecheck at FIU. U.S. Department of
Defense Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense
for Nuclear Matters, Dr. Vahid Majidi, visited
FIU to discuss funding opportunities related to
homeland security and nuclear forensics. Our
team also presented at the French Society for
Nuclear Energy meeting in Paris.
Our nuclear research efforts led by
Dr. Kavallieratos are funded by US-DOE (EM-
Savannah River Nuclear Solutions) to improve
the solvent extraction process for High-Level
Nuclear Waste by co-extracting Cesium
and Actinides. Our FIU Nuclear Research
Scholarships program has supported 21
undergraduate student research projects,
while our research fellowships program
supports currently 4 Ph.D. and 2 M.S. research
assistantships. Both programs have been
sponsored through 3 separate NRC grants.
In addition, a new $3M/7year cooperative
agreement between FIU and DOE-NEUP signed
in July 2015, allows FIU graduate students to
compete nationally for the prestigious DOE-
NEUP fellowship for up to three FIU spots, to be
awarded annually, and for scholarship spots for
undergraduate students.
Through an NRC Faculty Development grant
effort led by Dr. David Chatfield, FIU is now
attracting two world-class radiochemistry faculty
and is expanding its nuclear and radiochemistry
capabilities. With this rapid expansion in the
horizon, the next challenge for the nuclear
faculty group is to manage its extensive
resources, student tracking, recruiting and
engagement on research. We hope to introduce
you to our new nuclear faculty hires in our next
newsletter.
unraveling how various molecules interact with each other to form reaction intermediates and eventually different products.
Some of the most fascinating projects in Mebel’s lab are the studies of chemical processes in the atmosphere of Saturn’s moon Titan, which are performed in close collaboration with several experimental groups in the US, France, and Taiwan. With NASA’s Cassini/Huygens mission to Saturn and its environs providing us, the closest view ever of a distant planetary system, we have learned that the great moon, Titan, is indeed like a dark reflection of Earth. Titan has long been thought to resemble a frozen primordial version of our home planet, and its atmosphere exhibits remarkable parallels to our own. It is dense, 1.4 bar at the surface, composed primarily nitrogen with a few percent methane and countless trace constituents but little oxygen. With a surface temperature of 90 K, there exists a “methanological cycle” analogous to the hydrological cycle on earth, that gives rise to methane clouds and rain. There is a tropopause at 75 K and a stratosphere that is considerably warmer owing to absorption of solar radiation by dense haze layers playing the role of ozone on Earth. This complex haze has completely obscured the surface until the recent infrared and radar imaging from Cassini, the more limited terrestrial observations in the infrared, and the visible imaging directly from the surface by the Huygens probe.
Mebel’s theoretical calculations together with experiments carried out by an international team of scientists confirmed a key chemical reaction that forms the molecule triacetylene in the ultra-cold atmosphere of Titan. Since Titan’s current atmosphere is thought to resemble Earth’s early atmosphere, the researchers’ study suggested triacetylene may have been formed in Earth’s early atmosphere and offered clues to the evolution of Earth’s atmosphere before the development of life some 3.5 billion years ago. Triacetylene is member of the polyyne family of compounds. Polyynes are
thought to serve as an ultraviolet radiation shields in planetary environments, thus acting as prebiotic ozone, and as important components of the orange-colored and aerosol based haze shrouding Titan. The studies revealed that the transformation of acetylene and diacetylene to polyacetylenes such as triacetylene likely present one of the most fundamental steps in the evolution of planetary atmospheres. Triacetylene can be formed by a single collision of a “radical” ethynyl molecule and a diacetylene molecule. Ethynyl is produced in Titan’s atmosphere by the photodissociation of acetylene by ultraviolet light. Mebel’s group combined the experimental results with theoretical computations of the reaction of ethynyl and diacetylene and the computations confirmed that triacetylene may be formed from the reaction of a single radical ethynyl molecule colliding with diacetylene and the existence of three transient intermediate molecules. Most importantly, since the temperature of Titan’s atmosphere ranges from -99 F to -290 F, which necessitates that these chemical reactions release energy, Mebel’s computations confirmed that the formation of triacetylene should be exothermic. These results were used to develop advanced photochemical models of Titan’s atmosphere and the models suggested that triacetylene may serve as a building block to form more complex and longer polyynes and produce potential precursors for the aerosol-based layers of haze surrounding Titan.
In another study, Mebel, together with an international team of scientists, discovered a novel chemical route to form polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) — complex organic molecules such as naphthalene — in ultra-cold regions of interstellar space. These findings have important implications for the synthetic routes to a key class of organic molecules in the interstellar medium associated with the origins of life. PAHs have been dubbed as the ‘cradle of life’ in the interstellar medium and are considered key players in the astrobiological evolution. Functionalized PAHs were found in organic extracts from the Murchison meteorite and form membrane-like boundary, or rudimentary cell type structures, which are a pre-requisite to the origin of life. Mebel and his collaborators showed that naphthalene can be formed as a consequence of a single collision event via a barrier-less and exoergic reaction between the phenyl radical and vinylacetylene. The computations indicate that the reaction has no ‘activation energy’ a finding that challenges the conventional view that PAH can only be formed at high temperatures and implies that low temperature chemistry can initiate the PAH synthesis in cold planetary atmospheres like that of Titan.
Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryFLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY
In this issue:
• We put the spotlight on
Alex Mebel, a computational
chemist who is modeling the
chemistry of Titan, Saturn’s
largest moon.
Pg. 1
• Did you know? Get the latest
from the department.
Pg. 2
• Chairman David Chatfield
brings us up to speed on the
changes in the department
over the past year.
Pg. 2
• Nuclear Chemistry heats
up at FIU.
Pg. 3
• Get the latest faculty news.
Pg. 3
• Find out what our alumni
are up to.
Pg. 4
• Dr. Len Keller continues his
series on the development of
the Chemistry Department at
FIU (1992 – 2001).
Pg. 5
The forensic research of an FIU team headed by Provost and
Executive Vice President, Kenneth G. Furton, has been published
in the journal Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B,
the oldest scientific journal in the English-speaking world.
The paper, titled “Advances in the use of odor as forensic
evidence through optimizing and standardizing instruments and
canines,” is based on an invited presentation made by Furton in
February of 2015 at a conference organized by the Royal Society.
The Society, founded in 1660, seeks to recognize, promote and
support excellence in science and to encourage the development
and use of science for the benefit of humanity. This is the first
time that forensic science has been a focus for the historic
fellowship of distinguished scientists.
“It’s an honor to have been invited and to be among the first forensic scientists to present to the Royal Society,” said
Furton, who also is a professor of chemistry and biochemistry and a frequent expert witness in criminal cases. “It is
testament to the significant advances being made in the field of forensic sciences.”
Furton’s presented work focused on identifying trace amounts of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that originate
from forensic specimens, such as drugs, explosives, live human scent and the scent of death. This trace evidence in
the form of VOCs has been used increasingly in criminal proceedings as it can indicate the presence of contraband
and can associate an individual to a particular location or object.
The paper is coauthored by Norma Iris Caraballo, Michelle M. Cerreta and Howard K. Holness.
The science of smell featured in Royal Society journal
Stay in TouchFIU Chemistry alums can be found all across
the globe making their degrees work for
them. Your FIU Department of Chemistry
would like to stay in touch. We love hearing
about where your degree has taken you!
Email us at [email protected] or call us at
305-348-2606 or connect via Facebook by
joining the FIU Chemistry Alumni Group. We
recently hit 200 members! Here you can find
out what your old classmates are up to and
you can let them know where your career
has taken you.
We now have a Chemistry Chapter of FIU
Alumni! Jeannette Perr, Ph.D. (2005) is the
President of the chapter. Look for us on
Facebook: Search “FIU Chemistry Alumni”
and ask to join!
Department of Chemistry and BiochemistrySchool of Integrated Science and HumanityCollege of Arts, Sciences & EducationFlorida International University11200 SW 8th Street, CP 304Miami, FL 33199
For more information about online programs offered by the College of Arts, Sciences & Education visit cas.fiu.edu.
For general information, visit fiu.eduFlorida International University is an Equal Opportunity/Access Employer and Institution
15906_07/16
Newsletter Spring 2016
chemistry.fiu.edu
The decade of the 1990’s was one of growth and maturation for the
FIU Chemistry Department. Although the department had finally
moved into its own building in 1991, settling into our new home was
fraught with construction issues that had to be addressed. We walked
into a number of labs where water was connected to gas lines, and sink
drains were not connected so that water ran out onto the floor, some
hoods were not properly vented, and there were many water leaks
behind walls. Additional lab furniture had to be purchased and installed.
But the worst problem was the noisiness of the hoods such that
instructors could not be heard in the teaching labs. It took a $1 million
fix to get the hoods working properly. There was also a serious acoustic
problem in the lecture hall (CP145) that had to be addressed by acoustic
engineers before it was resolved. The building withstood Hurricane
Andrew (1992) quite well, except for the new “pliable, rubberized” roof
having to be replaced with a conventional one.
Further growth in the chemistry program led to the hiring of thirteen new
faculty members during the 1990’s: Kevin O’Shea, 1991 (UCLA, Organic
Chemistry), William Cooper, 1992 (University of Miami, Environmental
Chemistry) (left FIU in 1997), Rudolf Jaffe, 1993 (Indiana University,
Environmental and Analytical Chemistry), David Becker, 1993 (MIT, Organic
Chemistry), Webe Kadima, 1993 (University of Alberta, Canada, Physical
Chemistry) (left FIU in 1998), Yiwei Deng, 1994 (Swiss Federal Institute
- ETH, Analytical Chemistry) (left FIU in 2001), David Chatfield, 1995
(University of Minnesota, Physical Chemistry), Yong Cai, 1997 (Nankai
University, China, Environmental and Analytical Chemistry), Stanislaw
Wnuk, 1997 (Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland, Organic
Chemistry), José Almirall, 1998 (University of Strathclyde, UK, Analytical
and Forensic Chemistry), Piero Gardinali, 1998 (Texas A&M University,
Analytical and Environmental Chemistry), Palmer Graves, 1998 (University
of Oklahoma, Chemical Education), and Kathleen Rein, 1998 (University of
Miami, Organic Chemistry).
Sadly, Professor Howard Moore passed away in 1994, and Laboratory
Manager Fred Hoover passed away in 1998.
In 1994, after thirteen years of service, Leonard Keller stepped down as
department chairman. Ramón López de la Vega became chair of chemistry
(1994-1997) followed by Ken Furton (1997-2001).
Growth and maturation were fueled by a number of things that were
taking place at the University during the 1990’s on a number of fronts –
all of which were interconnected: undergraduate courses and labs were
growing phenomenally as the University grew creating the need for more
faculty. With the addition of more full time faculty, research activity, external
grant funding, and publication increased; and with the need for more
undergraduate lab sections, there was a growing need for more graduate
student teaching assistants to teach those labs. By the end of the decade,
our graduate student population had grown to over thirty.
Forensic Science came to FIU within the Chemistry Department during the
late 1990’s where the International Forensic Research Institute (IFRI) was
founded by Ken Furton in 1997, and the Department began offering the MS
degree in Forensic Science in 1998.
A good deal of the decade was spent working toward and justifying the
approval of a Ph.D. degree in chemistry. It all came together in 1997 when
the program was approved by the Florida Board of Regents. The program
was to focus on two areas: biomedical chemistry and environmental
aspects of chemistry, being held together by the traditional areas of
analytical, organic, physical, inorganic, and biochemistry. The program
began with the modest enrollment of three students (compare this number
with our current graduate student population of 151!), and the first Ph.D.
degree in chemistry was awarded to Albert Sabucedo in 2001.
With the end of the decade, chemistry at FIU had finally started to mature
and would blossom with the coming of a new century.
The Chemistry and Physics building then and now.
Top: 1991. Bottom 2015.
NON PROFIT ORG
US POSTAGE
PAID
MIAMI FL
PERMIT NO 3675
A History of FIU Chemistry:1992-2001
This is the fourth installment in a series outlining the history of chemistry at Florida International University. Each segment will
be written by a Chemistry faculty member who has been part of the FIU chemistry story over the years.
by Leonard Keller
Continued on page 4
5
Story from FIU News.
Using theoretical calculations to understand chemical evolution in planetary atmospheres and the interstellar medium
Then
Now
Alexander M. Mebel
joined the Department
of Chemistry and
Biochemistry in 2003,
after spending 7 years
as a Research Fellow in
the Institute of Atomic
and Molecular Sciences
of Academia Sinica in Taiwan. He earned his PhD
in Physical Chemistry from the Russian Academy of
Sciences in Moscow in 1990.
The area of Mebel’s research is applications-oriented theoretical chemistry, i.e, computer simulations of the behavior of molecules based on ‘the first principles’ – the laws of quantum mechanics.
The calculations using powerful supercomputers are employed to investigate chemical and photochemical reactions relevant to combustion of fossil fuels, atmospheric chemistry of planets and moons in the Solar System, and astrochemistry. The theoretical computations provide the 3-D distribution of electrons in atoms and thus the overall energy level of a molecule and also reveal mechanisms of chemical reactions
Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryFLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY
In this issue:
• We put the spotlight on
Alex Mebel, a computational
chemist who is modeling the
chemistry of Titan, Saturn’s
largest moon.
Pg. 1
• Did you know? Get the latest
from the department.
Pg. 2
• Chairman David Chatfield
brings us up to speed on the
changes in the department
over the past year.
Pg. 2
• Nuclear Chemistry heats
up at FIU.
Pg. 3
• Get the latest faculty news.
Pg. 3
• Find out what our alumni
are up to.
Pg. 4
• Dr. Len Keller continues his
series on the development of
the Chemistry Department at
FIU (1992 – 2001).
Pg. 5
The forensic research of an FIU team headed by Provost and
Executive Vice President, Kenneth G. Furton, has been published
in the journal Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B,
the oldest scientific journal in the English-speaking world.
The paper, titled “Advances in the use of odor as forensic
evidence through optimizing and standardizing instruments and
canines,” is based on an invited presentation made by Furton in
February of 2015 at a conference organized by the Royal Society.
The Society, founded in 1660, seeks to recognize, promote and
support excellence in science and to encourage the development
and use of science for the benefit of humanity. This is the first
time that forensic science has been a focus for the historic
fellowship of distinguished scientists.
“It’s an honor to have been invited and to be among the first forensic scientists to present to the Royal Society,” said
Furton, who also is a professor of chemistry and biochemistry and a frequent expert witness in criminal cases. “It is
testament to the significant advances being made in the field of forensic sciences.”
Furton’s presented work focused on identifying trace amounts of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that originate
from forensic specimens, such as drugs, explosives, live human scent and the scent of death. This trace evidence in
the form of VOCs has been used increasingly in criminal proceedings as it can indicate the presence of contraband
and can associate an individual to a particular location or object.
The paper is coauthored by Norma Iris Caraballo, Michelle M. Cerreta and Howard K. Holness.
The science of smell featured in Royal Society journal
Stay in TouchFIU Chemistry alums can be found all across
the globe making their degrees work for
them. Your FIU Department of Chemistry
would like to stay in touch. We love hearing
about where your degree has taken you!
Email us at [email protected] or call us at
305-348-2606 or connect via Facebook by
joining the FIU Chemistry Alumni Group. We
recently hit 200 members! Here you can find
out what your old classmates are up to and
you can let them know where your career
has taken you.
We now have a Chemistry Chapter of FIU
Alumni! Jeannette Perr, Ph.D. (2005) is the
President of the chapter. Look for us on
Facebook: Search “FIU Chemistry Alumni”
and ask to join!
Department of Chemistry and BiochemistrySchool of Integrated Science and HumanityCollege of Arts, Sciences & EducationFlorida International University11200 SW 8th Street, CP 304Miami, FL 33199
For more information about online programs offered by the College of Arts, Sciences & Education visit cas.fiu.edu.
For general information, visit fiu.eduFlorida International University is an Equal Opportunity/Access Employer and Institution
15906_07/16
Newsletter Spring 2016
chemistry.fiu.edu
The decade of the 1990’s was one of growth and maturation for the
FIU Chemistry Department. Although the department had finally
moved into its own building in 1991, settling into our new home was
fraught with construction issues that had to be addressed. We walked
into a number of labs where water was connected to gas lines, and sink
drains were not connected so that water ran out onto the floor, some
hoods were not properly vented, and there were many water leaks
behind walls. Additional lab furniture had to be purchased and installed.
But the worst problem was the noisiness of the hoods such that
instructors could not be heard in the teaching labs. It took a $1 million
fix to get the hoods working properly. There was also a serious acoustic
problem in the lecture hall (CP145) that had to be addressed by acoustic
engineers before it was resolved. The building withstood Hurricane
Andrew (1992) quite well, except for the new “pliable, rubberized” roof
having to be replaced with a conventional one.
Further growth in the chemistry program led to the hiring of thirteen new
faculty members during the 1990’s: Kevin O’Shea, 1991 (UCLA, Organic
Chemistry), William Cooper, 1992 (University of Miami, Environmental
Chemistry) (left FIU in 1997), Rudolf Jaffe, 1993 (Indiana University,
Environmental and Analytical Chemistry), David Becker, 1993 (MIT, Organic
Chemistry), Webe Kadima, 1993 (University of Alberta, Canada, Physical
Chemistry) (left FIU in 1998), Yiwei Deng, 1994 (Swiss Federal Institute
- ETH, Analytical Chemistry) (left FIU in 2001), David Chatfield, 1995
(University of Minnesota, Physical Chemistry), Yong Cai, 1997 (Nankai
University, China, Environmental and Analytical Chemistry), Stanislaw
Wnuk, 1997 (Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland, Organic
Chemistry), José Almirall, 1998 (University of Strathclyde, UK, Analytical
and Forensic Chemistry), Piero Gardinali, 1998 (Texas A&M University,
Analytical and Environmental Chemistry), Palmer Graves, 1998 (University
of Oklahoma, Chemical Education), and Kathleen Rein, 1998 (University of
Miami, Organic Chemistry).
Sadly, Professor Howard Moore passed away in 1994, and Laboratory
Manager Fred Hoover passed away in 1998.
In 1994, after thirteen years of service, Leonard Keller stepped down as
department chairman. Ramón López de la Vega became chair of chemistry
(1994-1997) followed by Ken Furton (1997-2001).
Growth and maturation were fueled by a number of things that were
taking place at the University during the 1990’s on a number of fronts –
all of which were interconnected: undergraduate courses and labs were
growing phenomenally as the University grew creating the need for more
faculty. With the addition of more full time faculty, research activity, external
grant funding, and publication increased; and with the need for more
undergraduate lab sections, there was a growing need for more graduate
student teaching assistants to teach those labs. By the end of the decade,
our graduate student population had grown to over thirty.
Forensic Science came to FIU within the Chemistry Department during the
late 1990’s where the International Forensic Research Institute (IFRI) was
founded by Ken Furton in 1997, and the Department began offering the MS
degree in Forensic Science in 1998.
A good deal of the decade was spent working toward and justifying the
approval of a Ph.D. degree in chemistry. It all came together in 1997 when
the program was approved by the Florida Board of Regents. The program
was to focus on two areas: biomedical chemistry and environmental
aspects of chemistry, being held together by the traditional areas of
analytical, organic, physical, inorganic, and biochemistry. The program
began with the modest enrollment of three students (compare this number
with our current graduate student population of 151!), and the first Ph.D.
degree in chemistry was awarded to Albert Sabucedo in 2001.
With the end of the decade, chemistry at FIU had finally started to mature
and would blossom with the coming of a new century.
The Chemistry and Physics building then and now.
Top: 1991. Bottom 2015.
NON PROFIT ORG
US POSTAGE
PAID
MIAMI FL
PERMIT NO 3675
A History of FIU Chemistry:1992-2001
This is the fourth installment in a series outlining the history of chemistry at Florida International University. Each segment will
be written by a Chemistry faculty member who has been part of the FIU chemistry story over the years.
by Leonard Keller
Continued on page 4
5
Story from FIU News.
Using theoretical calculations to understand chemical evolution in planetary atmospheres and the interstellar medium
Then
Now
Alexander M. Mebel
joined the Department
of Chemistry and
Biochemistry in 2003,
after spending 7 years
as a Research Fellow in
the Institute of Atomic
and Molecular Sciences
of Academia Sinica in Taiwan. He earned his PhD
in Physical Chemistry from the Russian Academy of
Sciences in Moscow in 1990.
The area of Mebel’s research is applications-oriented theoretical chemistry, i.e, computer simulations of the behavior of molecules based on ‘the first principles’ – the laws of quantum mechanics.
The calculations using powerful supercomputers are employed to investigate chemical and photochemical reactions relevant to combustion of fossil fuels, atmospheric chemistry of planets and moons in the Solar System, and astrochemistry. The theoretical computations provide the 3-D distribution of electrons in atoms and thus the overall energy level of a molecule and also reveal mechanisms of chemical reactions