ADAPTING LESSON PLANS TO FIT DIFFERENT LEARNING THEORIES AND DESIGNSFlora Roberson

LEARNING THEORIES AND INSTRUCTION

LEARNING THEORIES

https://onlinelearninginsights.wordpress.com/tag/constructivism/

MY INSTRUCTIONAL SETTING

Course Undergraduate Online Computer Applications

Course Materials Used

Textbook Video lectures Video Tutorials

Learning Objective Design a multimedia presentation with required

elements (images, slide transitions, sound, etc.)

WHEN TO USE BEHAVIORISM

To Increase Participation in Discussions Offer minimal credit (70%) for those that only

submit the minimum number of postings in the discussions

Offer full credit (100%) for those that post good, thorough posts frequently

To Improve Study Methods For each correct response on a quiz, the student

gets a point For each incorrect response, a point is deducted

Beneficial to students because they will start to associate their behaviors with the positive and negative reinforcements given

WHEN TO USE COGNITIVISM

To Teach the Parts of a Computer Students are given worksheets with computer parts

clearly labeled Students are then given flashcards with the various

computer part images and have to label them from memory

To Teach the Evolution of Computers The instructor lectures on how computers have

evolved from the 1800’s to present Students are then required to write an essay

comparing the models from the 1800’s to present Beneficial to students because they will actually

remember and be able to recall the information they learned

WHEN TO USE CONSTRUCTIVISM

To Provide Differentiated Learning Students that master certain skills in a pre-test can

move on to the next lesson/module Students that fail the pre-test and need more

practice are directed to a module that reintroduces and reviews the skills they need to master

For Group Projects and Discussions Students collaborate with their peers to complete an

assignment Students discuss a variety of topics and introduce

new theories and material in the process Beneficial to students because they can take

control of their own learning experience and gain new knowledge from their peers

LEARNING THEORIES AND LESSON PLANS

ORIGINAL LEARNING THEORY USED

Cognitivism was used in my original lesson plan. Learners completed the following: Read the assigned text

PPT Chapters 1 and 2 in their textbook Reviewed the assigned material

Video lectures and tutorials on PowerPoint Took a multiple-choice exam to prove mastery of

concepts 20 question exam based on information covered in text

and assigned material

ADAPTED THEORY CHOSEN I would use the Constructivism theory. Instructional Setting and Objectives remain the same Materials

Pre-assessment Adaptive Learning modules

The student will: Take a pre-test over PowerPoint and multimedia

presentations If they pass, they will move on to the next lesson If they fail, they will be required to complete a module that

reviews certain objectives and then pass a post-test After completing all modules, students will be required to

demonstrate mastery of skills through application Create a multimedia presentation from scratch Include required elements (transitions, images, etc.)

BEST LESSON PLAN TO USE

I believe the best lesson plan to use in my particular course would be the adapted version The learner has a variety of learning paths and

isn’t forced to complete the material the same was as every other student

The learner is able to demonstrate their mastery of skills versus simply regurgitating the information on an exam

The learner is forced to actually think about the tasks and processes performed

DESIGN THEORIES AND INSTRUCTION

THEORIES OF DESIGN IN INSTRUCTION

How do theories of design help in the adaptation and development of effective instruction? Provide a Foundation for the Learning Framework

Gives instructors a starting place for designing their lesson plans and curriculum

Guide Instruction Provides a template for how to move from one task to

another Differentiate Learning

Allows lessons to be easily adapted for different learning styles

THEORY OF BACKWARD DESIGN

Strengths Goals established in

the beginning Instruction is designed

to address objectives Assessments central

to curriculum design Can be created in any

order Limitations

All parts of instruction may not compliment one another

http://www.minkhollow.ca/becker/doku.php?id=serious_games

GAGNE’S NINE EVENTS OF INSTRUCTION

http://arcmit01.uncw.edu/erg1602/Glossary.html

GAGNE’S NINE EVENTS OF INSTRUCTION (CONT)

Strengths Great for lesson planning; provides a framework

for each unit New teachers can use this method with ease Students master one step before moving to the

next Process-oriented model

Limitations There are a lot of steps with this model Learning outcomes aren’t easily classified Lots of repetition – not all learners will like this No planning phase included

TEACHING FOR UNDERSTANDING

http://learnweb.harvard.edu/alps/tfu/info3.cfm

TEACHING FOR UNDERSTANDING (CONT) Strengths

Performance view of understanding

Teachers can focus their attention on helping students learn

Students have flexibility in how they apply their knowledge and skills

Limitations Designed for Middle

and High school courses

A little too ambiguous

Very general guidelines

BEST DESIGN THEORY

I believe the Backward Design theory best suits my content, learners, and instructional setting I’m the subject matter expert so designing the

instruction around the end goal works well My students learn the skills necessary to

complete the task, but also have to think outside of the box

I’m not tied to a certain path when designing curriculum

It works well with my adapted lesson plans

REFERENCES

REFERENCES ALPS: Teaching for Understanding Home. (n.d.).

Retrieved from http://learnweb.harvard.edu/alps/tfu/index.cfm

Authentic Education - What is UbD™? (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.authenticeducation.org/ubd/ubd.lasso

Constructivism | online learning insights. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://onlinelearninginsights.wordpress.com/tag/constructivism/

Wiggins, Grant. (2004). Understanding By Design. www.grantwiggins.org/documents/mtuniontalk.pdf