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Chris KoczajaVP of Engineering and Implementation

Delivering Affordable Renewable Technology

Through Gasification

Clean Energy Conversion

Tipping Fees

TransportationCosts

New Landfills

Carbon Emissions

Sludge Disposal

Clean Energy

Crop Residues

PHG Energy Means Industrial Grade

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Project = Feedstock + Application

Feedstock

Application

Chicken Litter(Dried Biosolids)

Process Heat

Drying

Steam

ORC Generator

Steam Turbine

Recip. Engine

Combustion Turbine

Gas to Liquids

80+%Wood

Tire

Pelletized Crop

50+% Wood

Processed MSW

Unprocessed MSW

ASR

What is Gasification?

• A thermo-chemical process to produce a clean fuel gas. This is NOT Incineration.

• Feedstock flexible of the life of the equipment

• Can retain and retrofit current equipment to use the gas (boilers, kilns, etc.)

• On demand energy generation• About 95% of what goes in comes

out as fuel gas. The other 5% is a charcoal biochar with many uses.

• Can be adapted for future applications

The clean, efficient conversion of biomass into a combustible fuel gas in an oxygen‐starved environment

What Can You “Gasify?”

• Woodchips

– Utility trimmings

– Scrap pallets/Construction

– Bark or waste wood

– Commercial waste

• Agricultural and animal waste

• Scrap tires and rubber products

• Food processing and other

manufacturing waste

• Switchgrass, miscanthus and other

purpose‐grown energy crops

• Mixtures improve performance

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Variables

• Driving vs. Driven variables• Feedstock vs. Output only fix one

Using The Fuel Gas:

Currently Being Utilized Here and Worldwide 

• Electricity:  Gas or steam turbines and ORC generators 

• Steam:  Boiler and community heating systems

• Direct Thermal:  Kiln Operations & Sludge Dryers

• Combustion:  Industrial thermal oxidizers

Real World Applications

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Covington Waste‐To‐Energy Plant

Covington Waste-To-Electricity System

• Less efficient, but flexible power generation• “Community” scale system• Feedstock preparation is key

• Less efficient, but flexible power generation• “Community” scale system• Feedstock preparation is key

A Positive Economic Impact Is Essential For Every Project

Always a Foundation or Cornerstone of Problem Solving

o REVENUE STREAMSo Tipping fees and hauling costso Outlet for the energy: heat or electricity or botho Deferred capital expenditureso Biochar market

o KEY CONSIDERATIONSo Understanding feedstock preparation and logisticso Managing project complexityo Change managemento Work WITH regulators to resolve new issues

Keys to a Successful Project

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Lebanon, TN Waste to Energy

Phase Approach:  Use Existing Waste Streams

Sorter Removes Recyclables

Municipal Garbage

Pellets Out of Sorter & Into Gasifier

Garbage

Pellets

Application options: Power Generation Sewer Plant Sludge Drying Combined Heat and Power ??

Heat Energy

Heat and/or electricity for the 

process

Output Options• Electricity• Class A biosolids

Wood Waste

Municipal Waste Sorter

MetalsGlassPlastics

Other Waste StreamsTIRESSLUDGE

PHASE 1: Start with what can be easily handled today

A Municipal Vision Taking Shape Now

Municipal Garbage

Pellets Out of Sorter & Into Gasifier

Other Waste Streams

Garbage

Pellets

Application options: Power Generation Sewer Plant Sludge Drying Combined Heat and Power ??

Heat Energy

Heat and/or electricity for the 

process

Output Options• Electricity• Class A biosolids

Wood Waste

Sorter Removes Recyclables

Municipal Waste Sorter

MetalsGlassPlastics

TIRESSLUDGECROPS

?

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Conclusion

Economically Viable Energy

Every Project is Situational

• Feedstock• Application• Economics• Environmental

• Convert Waste or Biomass to Electricity• Deliver Clean Burning Fuel Gas• Reduce or eliminate costly waste streams• Help achieve sustainability goals

WWW.PHGEnergy.com

Design for flexibility

PHG‐12

PHG‐LF

(6) X PHG‐8PHG‐LFPHG‐12

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Converting Solids To Fuel Gas

Evaporate moisture from the feedstock

Feedstock breaks down to gas and tars

3000 degree F oxidation layer cracks tars

Carbon reforms with steam to create CO and H2

Rotating Grate shaves biochar layerResidue box for biochar removal

Drying

Pyrolysis

Oxidation

ReductionGrate

Residue

Air

Air