9/11 Commission Questions for American and United Airlines

8/14/2019 9/11 Commission Questions for American and United Airlines

1/23

AM ERI CAN AIRLINES1 , Questions given to both air carriers

9/11 RESPONSE and OPERATIONS CENTER

(L IST EN T O TAPE WITH C R A I G MARQ U I S SO H E CA N EX P L A IN W H A T 'S G O I N G O N I N T H E B ACK GROU N D)Document QuestionsDid the "Dispatch Environmental Control" weekly flight summaries that AAL sent in response to our document requestcontain an y AVSEC related information? Please help interpret?Can you help us interpret the A C A R s messages?Can C raig M arquis help interpret conversations that were taking place in the background of the taped calls?In A A L submission 8(d), did pilots ge t this training or just FA's? Where is the pilot training material?

D oc 1-2 had a docment about in inflight diversion to LOW, (I have it in the bind er) Wh at is this?Is the PNR stuff in Binder 6 the same as in 4 -9/11Binder 4(d) contains num erous manifests of assorted flights? Is this the travel history of the hijackers, or flights that Working-levelthe FBI asked you to get information on? .. E rn ployee

What d id the FBI ask you for w ith respect to hijacked flights; hijacker travel history; employees; other flights ofinterest? . .

The photocopied pictures of the air traffic display were undecipherable? Can we see the originals (ask Miles if this isnecessary). ..

Wh y is the AA 11 timeline from the SOC all screwed up? (See copy in binder)

The SOC Incident report on 77 said that! lhad written a report on the hijacking and yet we didn't see thatreport in the document subm ission?

Why was their no SOC incident report for 11 as there w2as on 77, (See docum ent in binder)

You produced a list of suspicious PNR' s that was in the document submittals. Who asked you to produce suspiciousPNR 's? W hat were the criteria? Who was it given to.

In a document provided und er 6(a) passenger Walid Iskandar is listed on the AAL reservation ticket review as ahijacker. Why? (

In docum ent 6(a) there's PN R information on an unk own indiv idual with connections in Pakistan. W hat is this and canyo u help interprest AAL's response

The PNR histories d elivered in 6 a are very hard to read. Can you help interpret. Is this the same information containedin Document Binder 1-41can't find the PNR history for all the hijackers.


2/23

Is the 6 a docum ent listing the hijackers and 5 letter codes the PNR num ber or a fare basis numb er or both. What dothey mean?

Ca n we go over the 6 B information on passenger and baggage to see what it means?

In Document 6a why did you include the PNR for Andrew Curry Green. What 's th e significances?What is the assorted information you can glean from PNR and the other passenger do cuments that AAL possesses.In this same doc ument submittal for 6(a) wh at did the notation under Alomari "comments" say...the notation looksobscured (curious as to why?)

Can we obtain the AAdva ntage account information for the hijackers. Did the FBI request this?

Does the pilot training documents in 6c indicate an y t raining in commons strategy?

Pre-Flight questionsW ho was the Ground Security Coordinator for each of the flights? Who were the station managers at the two airports?

Were the passenger loads normal that day? If not how did they differ from th e average?

W as there any thing out of the norm for the preparation of the flights, or of the threat level perceived b y the airline thatday?

Fo r what flights did ATTA receive hi s frequent flyer mileage credit?Notification/Ops Center/Events of the DayH ow was AAL and AAL Headquarters first notified of the problems with (AAL 11 and AAL 77)? By whom? Werean y other AA facilities or personnel notified first?

Please describe th e chain of events at AAL after notification was received, inc ludin g activity in the Operations Centerfor both flights? First in general, an d then be more specific?

W as an emergency operations center or war room or any other centers to manage the emergency established? W asthere a written protocol/checklist for the stand-up of the EOC or operation of the OC in the event of an emergency?W ho established that the procedures should be triggered? How was both the OC and EO C staffed? Was the OC andEOC videotaped? Wh at were the phone nets? Which, if any were recorded? W ith whom was the OC and EOC incommunicat ion? Were you on the Net with the FAA W OC?

Who was in the OC/EOC on that morning?


3/23

D id th e airlines have their ow n radar tracking? Did you contract for the feed from th e ATCSCC

When did you declare it a hijacking an d what did you do and why?

What did you expect the FAA to do? What did you expect the m il i tary to do?What decisions had to be made? W ho made them?

H ow did AAL interface with the aircraft, with airport personnel, with the FAA ATCSCC, FAA WOC and the ATC AirRoute Traffic Control Centers, DoD assets or any other government en tities? Tell us about the content of thesecommunicat ions.

Weapons and tacticsWhat did you hear from th e sources with which you w ere in contact about the weapons and tactics employed by theterrorists?

When did yo u first hear that "box cutters" were employed?..---"""9/11What did you know about the use of Guns? Bombs? M ace? Pepper Spray? .... W o r k i n q - l e v e l

.... EmployeeDo you have any evidence that any of the hijackers m ay have been jum p seating? W as there any discussionin the ops center of this possibility? Was there anyone in the Ops center who suggested this was possible? Ifso, why did they think so ? ....

Suzanne Clark's report to| [about a gun.

Ed Freni at Boston Question abo ut a report of box cutters from AA 11 when there was no such indication..

Notification of aircraftWhat was the discussion and decisions about notifying the aircraft in the air about what was going on? The decision ofwhen to contact th e aircraft; which aircraft to contact; an d what to say? When d id these discussion an d decisions takeplace? Do you have AC A R S or other records of the n otification?

Did you f e e l it would be important fo r aircraft in the air to know about what w as happening? What were yourconcerns with panic? W h at ' s the trade-off between precaution a nd panic?

ATC SCC said it notified the airlines to contact their aircraft about cockpit intrusions. Alth ough the airlineswere allowed to do as they saw fit. "The expectations w as that they wo uld have contacted their aircraft." Atwhat time was this? Which airlines contacted their aircraft.

ACARS/AIRCRAFTWas there any t ime delay from wh en it was sent from the Air carrier to AIRING an d from AIRINC to the cockpit?


4/23

Can you help interpret the ACARS M ESSAGES?

Some 767's had new transponders that you can't turn off. Did the hijacked aircraft have such transponders?Misc

During the day was there anydiscussion about the air carrier's liabilities or PR status on the issue of weapons andtactics used by the hijackers?

Were any large life insurance policies taken out on any of the passengers prior to 9-11? Is there a way to track this.

Other/lightsPublic reports say that a flight from JFK to SFO was grounded and "fouru middle Eastern looking men fled from theplane (And rew Thomas book). W e've heard reports of this happening at Dulles and in Boston. W hat do you knowabout such incidents.Did the air carrier check its manifest fo r other flights to identify other plots either on 9-11 or before? Such as did theyask you to id entify all flights from the summ er that had more than 5 middle easterners on board? Wo uld they go to theairline or was there some oth er source fo r that information?Phone Calls from the flights

Is this list of calls to and from the aircraft full and complete?(confirm method of call GTE airphone; cell phon e etc.; time of the call; the duration of the call; an d the content of thecall; and whether each call was recorded)AA11: Call 1 from FA Sweeney to Boston operation s center (cut off)Call 2 from FA Sweeney to B oston operations centerCall from FA Ong to AA L Southeastern Reservations CenterAA 77 : No calls

9/11Why do you believe there w eren't any phone calls from flight 77 Flight A ttendants. Work' I IWas there a call from Amy Sweeney to| ""frf-AAL?' EmployeeDoes Am erican have other tapes of the phon e calls, other than the 4 minu te tape of the Ong call turned over to the; the24 minute tape of the call from Nydia Gonzales to the Ops center while Ong was on the line.Are there any other voice comm unications between AA 11 and people on the ground, whether or not they are AAemployees, that yo u know of .

Do the GTE cell phones have logs to see what n umbers were called? Did the FBI receive these logs? Who would havesuch records?Minter said that the phone call to the SERO came in before 8:00 a.m. (See Woodw ard info. Suggesting stabbing reportcame in earlier than 8:20).


5/23

W h e n did Ray Scott pick up the phon e? Min ter says 8:48 wh ich was after the g rounding .

Woodward's s tatement to AAL was that the FA said th e hijackers "crashed into th e cockpit" Does that indicate theydidn ' t use keys.

W oodward said that Sweeney called by Cell phone. How do you know. If she used a cell why would sh e call th eSouteastern Reservations Center? Was this their training?

W oodward: You stated that you were che cking out Flight 11 with Karen M artin and then went to your office. Did yougo right back to your office. W hen you got there Evy Nun ez was on the phone with an FA saying two flight attendantsha d been s tabbed. You went back to the terminal thin king the flight hadn't taken off yet. How long does it take you towalk to your office after leaving Karen Martini?

Why the focus on no t "spreading thing s around" as per C raig Marquis?

Can Craig M arquis help interpret conversations that were taking place in the background of the taped calls?

W h e n Ma rquis said get ATC on the line w hat did he m ean? How about the ROC?

Who is Mike M ulcahy referred to by Marquis .

Did th e tape of the calls indicate times th e calls were placed?

W hy wasn't the call from Boston Ops to the SOC with Sweeny on the l ine with Woodward taped the way the NydiaGonzales tape was?W h e re was Nydia Gonzales calling from?

What was the taping policy for the various phone lines?

Who makes th e decision to turn on the tape?

Wh y did the 4 minute tape from Raleigh get cut off? AA1 was investigating this question? Wh at was the outcome ofthat inquiry?

POST 9-11Garvey held a phone call with Airport Executives at 11:00 pm. Can you describe this call. Did you negotiate aboutaviation security directives and initiatives?

W hat conversations did the SD's have with FA A about ne w security directives an d initiatives?

W hat did you tell the ATA about AAL's position on new procedures .


6/23

W ha t procedures did you put in place to enhance security?

What was your checklist of measures for being satisfied that the system was ready to reopen?

(ASK FO R HELP FILLING IN THE TIMELINE SUCH AS GSC'S/STATION MANAGE RS E TC ) .

AIRCRAFT BRIEFING QUESTIONSCa n you explain the conditions that a cell phone will and won't work on an aircraft such as service, altitude, weatheretc.

Explain how the AIRING system works.

What does the ACI report given to the pilot before each flight contain? What are they looking for with respect tosecurity?

Where is the SATPHONE. How does it work?

Which aircraft had the transponder mode that can't be changed?

Where does on e change th e transponder mode?

Show us all the commun ications connections on an airplane?

W ha t were pilot protocols for closing and locking the cockpit door?

Under w hat circumstances would a pilot come out of the cockpit?

W h a t were th e protocols fo r announc ing an emergency?

Would pilots expect the ground to tell them about an emergency like we had on 9-11, or remain in the dark to avoidpanic?


7/23

What was there understanding of what the flight attendants do if they couldn't contact the cockpit in an emergency.

Did the pilots ever worry that flight attendants had keys on their person.

How do pilots differentiate between air rage and something more problematic. For instance we had a Flight Standardthat said don't put up with any physical abuse and a hijack protocol of appeasement?

Would GPS ha ve worked on the aircraft? W ould it have interfered with any of the navigation systems? W ould it havebeen a helpful tool to accomplish their mission?

Does the 757 and 767 have the largest fuel load of any commercial aircraft. Does the Boeing have more fuel than theairbus?

INTELLIGENCEWhat did you believe to be the threat to civil aviation?

How did you receive your threat information?

Would you contact former colleagues and other people you knew to get their input on the state of the threat an d currentintelligence?

Did you ever contemplate the use of aircraft as weapons?

What was y our understa nding of the presence o f terrorist in the U.S.

What was your understanding of terrorists at flight schools?

D id you have a system for logging suspicious activities? I noticed the Corporate Event Reporting System? Did youever check this for concerns about "surveillance." W ere crew trained to report such instances? Wil l you run a checkon CERS to see what you can find?To the Security Directors:

Were you aware of the fol lowing incidents:(take them out of the JIC)1) 1994 plot to blow up 1 2 U.S. aircraft in the Pacific; and the aspect of the plot that contemp lated crashing a plane intoCI A headquarters2) 1996 targeting the wthe WTC with a samall aircraft packed with explosives3) 1996 Declaration of war on the U.S. by Bin Laden4) 1998 plot by Bin Laden to crash a bomb-laden plane into a U.S. airport5) 1998 Declaration of war on U.S. citizens by Bin Laden6) 2001 plot by Bin Laden to crash a plane into a U.S. emba ssy7) 2001 conviction of Ahm ed Ressam8) 2001 conviction of U.S. African Embassy bombers


8/23

Did you detect a higher threat environment in the summer of 2001?

Did you deem the higher threat to be domestic or overseas?

What was your assessment of the domestic threat?

Are yo u familiar with the threat analysis in the summer 2001 rulemaking? How did you regard that analysis? Asrealistic or unrealistic?

Tell us what you thought about the SD and 1C; What did you

VULNERABILITIES & AVSEC LAYE RS

GeneralDid AAL participate in periodic vulnerability assessments of their security systems (they were supposed to red teamthemselves in accordance with PL 104-264.

Did AAL participate in any exercises for hijacking? Please describe.

What actions did the airline take in response to the IC's and SD's that sum mer. Are you required to report to the FAAwhat steps you took? Do you have files indicating what steps you took?

What did you think of the 1C that said to be "prudent and alert."

PRESREENING AND CAPSWhat did you think about the effectiveness of CA P S?

Did you get complaints pre-1998 by selectees who received more scrutiny than non-selectees?

Did you agree with the decision to remove additional checkpoint screening for selectees in 1998?

Did the Air carrier supplement the no-fly list with individuals it wouldn't fly? How was that determined and the listmaintained and implemented?

Tell us how the no fly was enforced, manually or automated. Did counter people really check each passenger against apaper list of "no fly" people.

CHECKPOINT SCREENINGWhat was your role in the 97 SD that reduced the scrutiny "selectees" received. W hat did you think about theadvisability of taking such action?


9/23

What did you think of the many reports chronicling the problems of checkpoints, both the detectable items were notdetected, an d many weapons were no t detectable?

What w as your program fo r assessing th e quality of the services yo u received under your checkpoint screeningcontracts. What efforts did the you make to assess the quality of your checkpoints?Did you share vulnera bility assessments with your insurance companies. W ho were your insurance companies and canwe have a poin t of contact.

D id the Air carrier receive the FAA checkpoint test results. How did you follow-up with your contractor.

How were checkpo int contractors selected? By lowest bidder.

W hy no camera surveillance of your checkpoints in Boston an d Newark? Even if it were th e airport's responsibility,did yo u request that it be done.

What do the gate reader machines do ?

ATA told the FAA in a comment noicte that "currently air carriers have their own internal (checkpint) au dit programs,many of which are being expanded" Can you describe your programs?

W hy no taping capacity at checkp oints in Boston and N ewark>

AIRCRAFT PROTECTION

To the SD's: Did you ever request support for reinforced doors or more FAM's, or an improved Common Strategy.

What did pilots thin k of the common strategy?

Why didn ' t the FAA training tapes for the flight crew include an y information about what to do if passenger or crewwere being killed or injured, of they tried to takeover th e plane.What were the airlines hijacking and training procedures beyond the "common strategy." D id flight crew have to passskills test on hijacking an d emergency procedures like other skills?

What was the jumpse at p olicy of the airline? Has this been changed? By FAA rule of company policy?

Did th e Airline ever hear concern about suspicious people taking pilo t training, or warned to be careful of pilots whomight have terrorist intentions?AAL's Common Strategy says "Never let them know you have a key." How did FA 's wear their keys? Wh at was thecommo n practice? How do you believe th e hijacker knew to go after FA 1 and 5 who had keys?

G E N E R A L SE CUR ITY PR O CE DUR E S


10/23

Wh a t was the role of the Ground Security Coordinator?

How did AAL collect and log suspicious activit ies? W as this information shared with th e FAA?

W h a t were pilots and flight crew told about surveillance and cockpit access?

CORPORATE POLICYW h a t were the rules beh ind jum p seat policies pr ior to 9/11 .Did you share vulnerability assessments with your insurance companies? W ho were your insurance companies and canwe have a po int of contact .

W as there concern about th e existence of weapons on planes, such as steak knives in first class . W eren' t these kniveslonger than 4 inches.How often did the Security Director report to the leadership

W hat w as the Air C arr ier protocol on hijacking? D id you ever h old exercises?

W h a t was your unders tand ing of how and wh en the m ilitary would be called to respond to a hijacking?

W hat were flight a t tendants taught to do in an emergency. W hat if they couldn' t contact or access the cockpit .

W h a t was the company a t t i tudes toward FA A repor ting on checkpoint screening deficiencies? And on fines for lapsesin security.

How did the air carrier discipline poor screeners or employees that were responsible for security breeches?

W as th e airl ine aware of any strange "financial securities" transactions prior to 9-11. How was this tracked.Describe to us your AVSEC programs and practices overseas, as opposed to domestically. D id selectees receive extrascreening of their person and canyon? W as the re an add i tiona l list of prohibited items? W ere the magnetometerscalibra ted to a hig her sensitivity?

Does the Air line track securities anomalies or flight insurance purchases to identify potentia l threats? Do you know ifFA A does this?

Did th e company and or its pilo ts exercise fo r hijackings or cockpit takeover.


11/23

Did the company scrub their employee lists against criminal and watch lists? Did pilots get increased scrutiny?

ATA commended to the FAA that the industry is "unconvinced of the need" for some security measures. Can youidentify which ones that are currently to place you don't see the need for?RECOMMENDATIONS

What kinds of scrutiny do pilots and flight crews receive todaythe same as other employees or more? What can bedone to improve these checks?

How can air carriers be incentivized to keep working on security now that you have been absolved of screening?

Should all watch lists be run against the commercial pilot list? What is the official list of pilotsthe airmen registry orsome other mechanism?

Give us the airline's view of CAPPS II, both in terms of its effectiveness, impact on customers, and privacy issues.

AMERICAN ONLY

Who was the GSC on AA 11 and 77 ; What were their duties; Did they give a statement.

Where did American get its information on the use of "box cutters" aboard AA 11? Why did AAL report to Ed Freni,Deputy Aviation Director at Logan, that the flight attendants aboard AA 11 reported the use of "box cutters" when wecan find no evidence to suggest that was the case. There is no indication from any of the flights that "boxcutters" wereused.

We understand that American put together a training video that parodied the "Common Strategy." Tell us about thatvideo and was it appropriate.

At what time did AA activate its Situation Operations Control on9/11.

Why did Ong call the reservations center rather than a different office? What were flight attendants trained to call if thecockpit was not responsive?

9/11 Law Enforcement Sensitive



12/23


13/23

U A L D o c u m e n t R e q u e s t 1, Item #2 , "Al l documents possessed by the company , includin g e-mai ls , memos, recordings,records, radar t racks an d transcripts, with respect to the 9-11 hijacked flights." U A L responded with on e e-mail , Ibelieve from the CEO enco uraging everyone. This is very hard to believe!!! Please explain.Where on the A u t o m a t e d C h e ck In (ACI) does it note selectee status?UAL suppl ie d copies of the boarding passes for 93, but n o n e fo r 175. Why?W hy did AlHazm i's t icket stub say "Flight Co upon or Stamp requ ires" while the others didn't?W hy didn't United provide i tems 7-13?W hy didn't United provide an Operat ions Center log?Pre-Flight questionsW ho was the Groun d Sec uri ty Coordinator for each of the f l ights? Who w ere the stat ion managers at the two airports?

W e r e the passenger loads no rmal that day? (Some indicat ions that 175 was not) If not how did they differ from th eaverage?

W as there any thing out of the norm for the p reparat ion of the flights, or of the threat l e ve l perceived by the airline thatday?

Notification/Ops Center/Events of the DayH o w w as A A L a n d A A L Headquarters first notified of the prob lems wi th (AA L 11 a n d A A L 77)? B y w h o m ? W e r ean y other A A facilities o r personnel n ot i f ied first?

Please describe th e chain o f event s a t A A L after not i f i ca t ion was received, inc ludin g act ivi ty in the Operat ions Centerfor both flights? First in general , an d then be more specific?

W as an emergency op erat ions center or war room or any other centers to manage the em ergency established? W asthere a writ ten protoco l/checklist for the stand-up of the EOC or operat ion of the OC in the e v e n t of an emergency?W ho established that the procedures sho uld be t riggered? H ow was both the OC and EO C staffed? W as the OC andEOC videotaped? W hat were the phone nets? Which, i f any were recorded? With whom was the OC and EOC incom mun ica tion? Were you on the Net wi th the FAA W OC?

W ho was in the OC/EOC on that morning?

D id th e airlines have th eir o wn radar tracking? Di d you contract for the feed from th e A T C S C C

W hen d i d you declare it a hi jacking an d what did you do and why?

W h a t did you expect the FAA to do? W h a t did you expect th e military to do?

W h a t decis ions had to be made? W ho made them?


14/23

How did AAL interface with th e aircraft, with airport personnel, with the FAA ATCSCC, FAA W OC and the ATC AirRoute Traffic Control Centers, DoD assets or any other government entities? Tell us about the content of thesecommunications.

Weapons and tacticsWhat did you hear from th e sources with which yo u were in contact about th e weapons an d tactics employed by theterrorists?

When did you first hear that "box cutters" were employed?W ha t did you know about the use of Guns? Bombs? Mace? Pepper Spray?

Do yo u have an y evidence that any of the hijackers m ay have been jump seating? W as there an y discussionin the ops center of this possibility? Was there anyone in the Opscenter who suggested this was possible? Ifso, why did they think so ?

Suzanne Clark's report to| m t a g u t i .9/11Working-levelEmployee

Ed Freni at Boston Question about a reportof box cutters from AA 11 when there was no such indication..

Notification of aircraftWhat was the discussion and decisions about notifying the aircraft in the air about what was going on? The decision ofwhen to contact th e aircraft; which aircraft to contact; an d what to say? When did these discussion an d decisions takeplace.

Did you feel it would be important for aircraft in the air to know about what was happening? What were yourconcerns with panic? What's th e trade-offbetween precaution an d panic?

ATCSCC said itnotified the airlines to contact their aircraft about cockpit intrusions. Although the airlineswere allowed to do as they saw fit "The expectations was that they would have contacted their aircraft." Atwhat time was this? Which airlines contacted their aircraft.

ACARS/AIRCRAFTW as there any time delay from when it was sent from the Air carrier to AIRING and from AIRING to the cockpit?

Can you help interpret the ACARS MESSAGES?

Some 767's had new transponders that yo u can't turn off.Did the hijacked aircraft have such transponders?MiscDuring the day was there any discussion about the air carrier's liabilities or PR status on the issue of weapons andtactics used by the hijackers?


15/23

Were any large l i fe insurance policies taken out on any of the passengers p rior to 9-11? Is there a way to track this.

OtherfllgktsPublic reports say that a flight from JFK to SFO was gound and "foru m iddle Eastern looking m en fled from the plane(Andrew Thomas book). We've heard reports of this happening atDulles and in Boston. What do you know aboutsuch incidents.

Did the air carrier check its manife st for other flights to identify other plots either on 9-11 or before? Such as did theyask you to identify all flights from the summ er that ha d more than 5 m iddle easterners on board? W ould they go to theairline or was there some other source for that inform ation?

Phone Calls from the flights

Is this list of calls to and from the aircraft f u l l and complete? . . - : : = = = ' " " " 9/11U AL 93: .,- " Working-level

....--;::'--" Employee1) GTE airphone call from a flight attendantto Richard Belme at U^L star-fix2) GTE airphone call from a flight attendant to| ...---" frtUAL starfix3) Phone call f rom a flight attendant to ) lat'UAL Starfix.UAL 1751) Phone call from Male Flight Attendant to Mark Policastro U AL starfixOTHER:

1 'd to resolve whether a SATCOM call was received by UAL f rom the cockpit of one of the hijacked\

(confirm method of call GTE airphone; cell phone etc.; tim e of the call; the duration of the call; and the content of thecall; and whether each call wasrecorded)

Are there an y other voice communications from the flights an d people on the ground, whether or not they are UALemployees, that yo u know of .

D o the GTE cell phones have logs to see what num bers were called? Did the FBI receive these logs? W ho would havesuch records?

W ha t was the taping policy for the various phone lines?

W ho m akes the decision to rum on the tape?


16/23

POST 9-11Garvey held a phone call with Airp ort Executives at 11:00 pm. Can you describe this call. Did you negotiate aboutaviation security directives and initiatives?

What conversations did the SD's have with FA A about ne w security directives an d initiatives?

What did you tell the ATA about AA L's position on new procedures.

What procedures did you put in place to enhance security?

What was your checklist of measures fo r being sa tisfied that th e system was ready to reopen?

(ASK FO R HELP FILLING IN THE TIMELINE SUCH A S GSC'S/STATION MANA GE RS E T C ).

AIRCRAFT BRIEFING QUESTIONSCan you explain the conditions that a cell phone will and won't w ork on an aircraft such as service, altitude, weatheretc.

Explain how the AIRING system works.

What does the ACI report given to the pilot before each flight contain? W hat are they looking fo r with respect tosecurity?

Where is the SATPH ONE. How does it work?

Which aircraft had the transponder mode that can't be changed?

Where does on e change the transponder mode?

Show us all the communications connections on an airplane?


17/23

Wha t were pilot protocols for closing and locking the cockpit door?

Under what circumstances would a pilot come out of the cockpit?

What were the protocols for annou ncing an emergency?

Would pilots expect th e ground to tell them about an emergency like we had on 9-11, or remain in the dark to avoidpanic?

What was there understanding of what th e flight attendants do if they couldn' t contact th e cockpit in an emergency.

D id th e pilots ever worry that fl ight attendants had keys on their person.

Ho w do pilots differentiate between air rage and something more problematic. For instance we had a Flight Standardthat said don't put up with an y physical abuse and a hijack protocol of appeasement?

Would GPS have worked on the aircraft? Wo uld it have interfered with any of the navigation systems? W ould it havebeen a helpful tool to accomplish their mission?

Does the 757 and 767 have th e largest fuel load of any comm ercial aircraft . Does th e Boeing have more fuel than th eairbus?

INTELLIGENCEWhat did you believe to be the threat to civil aviat ion?

How did you receive your threat information?

Would yo u contact former colleagues an d other people yo u knew to get their input on the state of the threat an d currentintelligence?

Did yo u ever contemplate the use of aircraft as weapons?

What was you r understanding of the presence of terrorist in the U.S.

What was yo ur understandin g of terrorists at flight schools?


18/23

D id you have a system fo r logging suspicious activities?To the Security Directors:

Were you aware of the fol lowing incidents:(take them out of the JIC)1) 1994 plot to blow up 12 U.S. aircraft in the Pacific; and the aspect of the plot that contemplated crashing a plane intoCI A headquarters2) 1996 targeting the wthe WTC with a samall aircraft packed with explosives3) 1996 Declarat ion of war on the U.S. by Bin Laden4) 1998 plot by Bin Laden to crash a bomb-laden plane into a U.S. airport5) 1998 Declaration of war on U.S. citizens by Bin Laden6) 2001 plot by Bin Laden to crash a plane into a U.S. embassy7) 2001 convict ion of Ahm ed Ressam8) 2001 conviction of U.S. African Embassy bombers

D id you detect a higher threat environment in the summer of 2001?

D id you deem th e higher threat to be domestic or overseas?What was yo ur assessment of the domestic threat?

A re you famil iar with th e threat analysis in the summer 2001 rulemaking? How d id you regard that analysis? A srealistic or unrealistic?

Tell us what you thought about the SD and 1C; W hat did you

VULNERABI LI TI ES & AVS EC LAYERS

GeneralD id A A L participate in periodic vulnerabil i ty assessments of their security systems (they were supposed to red teamthemselves in accordance with PL 104-264.

D id A A L participate in any exercises fo r hijacking? Please describe.

What actions did the airline take in response to the IC's and SD's that summer. Are you required to report to the FAAwhat steps yo u took? Do you have files indicat ing what steps you took?

W h a t did you think of the 1C that said to be "prudent an d alert."PRESREENING AND CAPSWhat did you think about th e effect iveness of C APS?

D id you get complaints pre-1998 by selectees w ho received more scrutiny than non-selectees?


19/23

Did you agree with the decision to remove additional checkpoint screening for selectees in 1998?

Did the Air carrier supplem ent the no-fly list with in divi dual s it wo uld n't fly? How was that determined and the listmaintained and implemented?

Tell us how the no fly was enforced, manually or automated. D id counter people really check each passenger against apaper list of "no fly" people.

CHECKPOINT SCREENINGWhat was your role in the 97 SD that reduced the scrutiny "selectees" received. What did you think about theadvisability of taking such action?

What did you think of the many reports chronicling the probl ems of checkpoints, both the detectable items were notdetected, an d many weapons were no t detectable?

D id the FAA have to approve the contract with Globe?What disciplinary measures did you take against Globe for poor performance? W hat could you have done?

A81 of the Contract with Globe specifies that Globe will cooperate in "periodic audits and inspections" of their service.Ca n yo u describe those audits an d inspections? Are records kept of them?

The Contract says that the contractor had to pay fines assessed by the FAA. Did you reimburse? What was FAApolicy on who had to pay the fines?

The contract said that Security would be evaluated according to "Customer Satisfaction Index" Was this theappropriate metric?What was your program for assessing th e quali ty of the services you received under your checkpoint screeningcontracts. What efforts did the you make to assess the q uali ty of your checkpoints?

D id yo u share vulnerabi l i ty assessments with your insurance companies. W ho were your insurance companies and canwe have a point of contact.

Did the Air carrier receive the FAA checkpoint test results. How did you follow-up with your contractor.

How were checkpo int contractors selected? By lowest bidd er.

W hy no camera surveillance of your checkpoints in Boston an d Newark? Even if it were the airport's responsibility,di d yo u request that it be done.

What do the gate reader machines do?


20/23

ATA told the FAA in a comment noicte that "currently ai r carriers have their ow n internal (checkpint) audit programs,many of which ar e being expanded" Can you describe your programs?

W hy no taping capacity at checkpoints in Boston an d Newark>

AIRCRAFT PROTECTION

To the SD's: Did you ever request support for reinforced doors or more FAM's, or an improved Common Strategy.

What did pilots think of the common strategy?

W hy didn't the FAA training tapes for the flight crew include any infor mat ion about what to do if passenger or crewwere being killed or injure d, of they tried to takeover the plane.W hat were the airlines hijacking and trainin g procedures beyond the "comm on strategy." D id flight crew have to passskills test on hijacking an d emergency procedures like other skills? (THERE'S NO I N DI CA T I ON OF THIS IN THEAI R CARRIER'S DOCUMENT RESPONSE ON CREW TRAINING)

What was the jumpseat policy of the airline? H as this been changed? By FAA rule of company policy?

Di d the Airl ine ever hear concern about suspicious people taking pilot training, or warned to be careful of pilots whomight have terrorist intentions?

G E N E R A L SECUR I TY PR O CE DUR E S

W hat was the role of the Ground Security Coordinator?

How did AAL collect and log suspicious activities? Was this information shared with the FAA?What were pilots and flight crew told about surveillance and cockpit access?

CORPORATE POLICYW hat were the rules behind jum p seat policies prior to 9/11.Did you share vuln erab ility assessments with your insurance companies? W ho were your insurance compan ies and canwe have a point of contact.

Was there concern about the existence of weapons on planes, such as steak knives in first class. Weren't these kniveslonger than 4 inches.

How often did the Security Director report to the leadership

W hat was the Air Carrier protocol on hijacking? Did you ever hold exercises?


21/23

What w as your understanding of how and w hen the military would be called to respond to a hijacking?

What were flight attendants taught to do in an emerg ency. Wh at if they could n't contact or access the cockpit.

What was the compa ny attitudes toward FAA re porting on checkpoint screening d eficiencies? And on fines for lapsesin security.

H ow did the air carrier discip line poor screeners or employees that were resp onsible for security breeches?

W as the airline aware of any strange "financial securities" transactions prior to 9-11. How was this tracked.Describe to us your AVSEC programs an d practices overseas, as opposed to domestically. Did selectees rec eive extrascreening of their person an d canyon? W as there an additional list of prohibited items? Were the magnetometerscalibrated to a higher sensitivity?

Does the Air line track securities anomalies or flight insurance purchases to identify potential threats? Do you know ifFAA does this?

Did the com pany and or its pilots exercise for hijackin gs or cock pit takeover.

Did the company scrub their employee lists against criminal and watch lists? Did pilots get increased scrutiny?

ATA comm ended to the FAA that the industry is "unconvinced of the need" for some security measures. Can youidentify which ones that ar e currently in place yo u don't see the need for?RECOMMENDATIONSWhat kind s of scrutiny do pilots and flight crews receive todaythe same as other employees or more? What can bedone to impro ve these checks?

How can a ir carriers be incentivi zed to keep wo rking on security now that you have been absolved of screening?

Should all watch lists be run against the comm ercial pilo t list? What is the official list of pilotsthe airmen registry orsome other mechanism?

Give us the air lin e 's view of C A P P S II , both in terms of its effectiveness, impact on customers, an d privacy issues.

A M E R I C A N O N L YW ho was the GSC on AA 11 and 77 ; What were their duties; Did they give a statement.


22/23

Where did American get its information on the use of "box cutters" aboard AA 11? Why did AAL report to Ed Freni,Deputy Aviation Director at Logan, that the flight attendants aboard AA 11 reported the use of "box cutters" when wecan find no evidence to suggest that was the case. There is no indication from any of the flights that "boxcutters" wereused.

We understand that American put together a training video that parodied the "Common Strategy." Tell us about thatvideo and was it appropriate.

At what time did AA activate its Situation Operations Control on 9/11.

Why did Ong call the reservations center rather than a different office? What were flight attendants trained to call if thecockpit was not responsive?




Did American send out a warning text message to its airplanes the way United did on 9-11?

What is AAL's Aircraft Situation Display and how did this system track the 9/11 flights?

Who were the dispatchers for the hijacked flights that day?


23/23

U N I T E D O N L YW ho was the GSC on UAL 175 and UAL 93; their duties; Did they give a statement to the air carrier.Why did Ed Ballinger send only 16 flights the warning about cockpit intrusion. (UAL Item 1)Ahmad Al Haznawi's ticket stub was stamped "flight coupon or stamp" required while th e other hijacker 's stubs didn ' t .W h y?W ho was Avraham Alonmrs l i s ted as a passenger on 175 with 2 bags.What is the United Employees forum on CompuServe where they chat and would it tell us anything? Particularly thechatter on the night of Sept. 11 and Sept. 12.

What is UAL's crisis center? Wh at is DENK? W h at was its war room? What was the purpose and who occupied th eroom?W hy is there a discrepancy a bout 5 calls from FIX m aintenance to UAL 93 listed in the UAL doc request?Why did Argenbright lose th e contract fo r United before 9/11?Who w ere the dispatchers for the hijacked flights that day.What do youknow about UAL 962 from LA to D ulles and reports of M iddle Easterners in first class acting strangely?UAL flight 18 9 sent a hijack message to dispatch on 9/11. How was this resolved?At 10:15 am United still wasn't sure of the status of flight 175, even after the crash of 93 (Pull document). Why wasthere confusio n.What was the deal with UAL 0 02 on 9/11 that it was the subject of special security precautions?UA L produced in format ion for the FBI on UAL flight 167 and UAL flight 75 . W h a t was the concern with theseflights?

D O C U M E N T S N E E D E D FOR REFERENCE1. THE ACARS MESSAGES TO THE AIRCRAFT2. SD's and IC's in effect on 9/113. Bring ACSSP4. COG5. Copy of 104-264 and provision requ iring them to red team themselves.6. Bring the 1C and SDs in effect that fall.7. Regs on training crew in emergency procedures fo r security.

Documents

9/11 Commission Questions for American and United Airlines