Review for Test

Mixtures A mixture is a combination of two or

more substances

MixturesMixtures

Made of elements, compounds or both

Heat or electricity not required for separating the elements

Made using any ratio of the elements

Heterogeneous Mixtures The different components can be seen

as individual substances.

Examples of Heterogeneous mixturesSuspensions

A mixture which has large particles which can be seen with the eye

Can be evenly distributed by shaking the contents, but the components will settle out.

Homogeneous Mixtures Have the same composition throughout The components can’t be seen as

individual particles

Type of Homogenous Mixtures A solution is a mixture that appears

to be a single substance.

In a solution, the solute is the substance that is dissolved.(Ex:salt, sugar)

The solvent is the substance in which the solute is dissolved in (Ex : liquid)

Remember that the Solvent is the Vast or larger substance” think of the “V” in solvent

Example of Homogeneous Mixtures Liquid solutions include- Soda,

Gasoline, Tap water. Solutions may also be gases such as air.

Solutions may also be solids, such as steel.

Colloids Is a mixture in which the particles

are spread throughout but are not large enough to settle out

Other food colloids include: Examples are (don’t write everything-

just the bold and underlined milk, mayonnaise, butter,

whipped cream

Methods of Separation of Mixture

Filtering Evaporation Distillation Dissolving

Soluble and InsolubleInsoluble: The inability of a substance to dissolve in another substance (Ex: Pepper, Sand)

Soluble :the ability of one substance to dissolve within another substance.Ex: Salt , Sugar

Mass, Volume and Density Notes

Mass Mass is the amount of matter that makes up an

object.

The SI unit for mass is the gram.

We measure mass with a scale

Volume

Volume is the amount of space an object consumes.

The unit for volume is the liter.

Volume of Regular ObjectsVolume of a box would be found by using

Volume = length x width x height.In this case the units would be cubic

centimeters (cm3).So a box 2 cm x 3 cm x 5cm would have a

volume of 30cm3 volume of 30 cm3

2 cm

3 cm

5 c

m

Volume of Irregular ObjectsWe measure volume of

irregular objects with a graduated cylinder.

This method is called water displacement

The volume of irregular object is in ml (milliliters)

Water Displacement

Pour 7 ml of water in a graduated cylinder. If a rock causes the level to rise to 9 ml, the rock must have a volume of 2 ml.

Density Density is the amount of matter (mass) compared

to the amount of space (volume) the object occupies.

Density = mass/volume Unit for density are g/ml or g/cm3

Remember, all fractions are division problems.