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62nd Annual Oklahoma Pentasectional Meeting

of the American Chemical Society

March 24-25, 2017 Cameron University

Lawton, OK

This program booklet contains complete abstracts and program. It also includes links to help you move more easily between different parts of

the book.

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Parking

20 – CETES Conference Center – Vernier Workshop on Friday night

29 – Sciences Complex

30 – McMahon Centennial Complex including the McCasland Ballroom

P

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Schedule of Events 8:00 – 9:00 a.m. - Registration and Continental Breakfast on main floor of McMahon Centennial Complex (MCC)

8:00 - 10:00 a.m. - Exhibits open and Posters setup, 1st floor Hall Sciences Complex

9:00 - 10:00 a.m. – Opening Session – McCasland Ballroom, 2nd

floor of the MCC

- Welcome to Cameron University – President John McArthur

- Plenary Speaker:

Major Jeffrey W. Froude II, Ph.D.

From Marburg to Malaria - Development of Monoclonal Antibodies Against the Current

and Emerging Threats

10:00 a.m. - Exhibits open, Morning Poster Session and Judging, Refreshments - Hallway Sciences Complex

Oklahoma Chemist Award Committee meets in Sciences Complex Room 200

10:00 a.m. – 12:00 pm

Technical Session:

Session 1 – Organic: Room 100 Sciences Complex

Session 2 – Inorganic: Room 104 Sciences Complex

Session 3 – Analytical: Room 105 Sciences Complex

Session 4 – Chemical Education: Room 103 Sciences Complex

Morning Poster Session and judging – Ground Floor hallway, Sciences Complex

12:00 p.m. - Luncheon McCasland Ballroom, 2nd

Floor of MCC

12:35 – Introductory Remarks, Dr. Donna Nelson, Immediate Past President, ACS

12:45 – Presentation of 2017 Oklahoma Chemist Award by Dr. Darrell Berlin

1:00 - Remarks from 2017 Oklahoma Chemist Award Winner – Dr. Dwight L. Myers

1:30 p.m. – 4:00 pm

Technical Sessions:

Session 5 – Organic: Room 100 Sciences Complex

Session 6 – Physical: Room 104 Sciences Complex

Session 7 – Analytical: Room 105 Sciences Complex

Session 8 – Polymer: Room 103 Sciences Complex

Afternoon Poster Session and judging – Ground Floor hallway, Sciences Complex

3:00 p.m.- Pentasectional Representatives meet in Sciences Complex 200

3:10 p.m.- Break - Refreshments East Hallway Sciences Complex

3:30 p.m. - Resume Technical Sessions

Thank you for coming and have a safe trip home!!

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Plenary Speaker

9:00 am in the McCasland Ballroom of the MCC

Major Jeffrey W. Froude II, Ph.D.

Clinical Pharmacology Fellow, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research

Major Jeffrey Froude was born into a military family in the Ancon Canal Zone

of Panama. He first joined the Oklahoma National Guard as an artilleryman in

1997 and served with the National Guard concurrent to obtaining his Chemistry

degree at Cameron University. Upon completion of his degree, he attended

Officer Candidacy School, transferred to the Arkansas National Guard, and was

commissioned as a Second Lieutenant in the Chemical Corps. He attended the

University of Arkansas where he completed his PhD in Chemistry in 2008,

concurrent to his duties in the National Guard.

MAJ Froude’s military education as an officer includes the Chemical Corps

Officer Basic Course (Distinguished Honors), Military Intelligence Tactical

Transition Course, AMEDD Officer Advanced Course as well as multiple

Acquisition training courses.

Following his commission, MAJ Froude served as the Chemical Officer and

assistant S2 for the 142nd

Fires Brigade. During this time he served in multiple

local support efforts before taking command of HHB 142nd

Fires. As the Battery

Commander, he deployed to Iraq in support to Operation Iraqi Freedom in 2007.

He completed his command while on deployment and was appointed as the Brigade S2 and as the Chief of the

counter indirect fire intelligence cell for MND-N in 2008. Following this deployment, he accepted a direct

commission in the Medical Service Corps as a 71B, Biochemist. He first served as a research scientist in the

Toxicology division of the US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID)

characterizing Ricin and Botulinum toxin vaccines. In 2010, he was awarded a fellowship with the Engineer and

Scientist Exchange Program (ESEP) and served as a liaison and research scientist at the Institute de Researche

Biomedicale des Armees (IRBA) in La Tronche, France where he developed therapeutic antibodies to Marburg and

Sudan virus. This assignment aligned with ongoing efforts with viral therapeutics and brought him back to

USAMRIID to serve as the OIC of Viral Biology in the Virology Division, advancing the countermeasures

developed with the ESEP and NATO allies. He is currently detailed at the Food and Drug Administration (FDA),

Division of Antiviral Products, as part of a Clinical Pharmacology Fellowship through Walter Reed Army Institute

of Research (WRAIR).

MAJ Froude’s awards and decorations include the Bronze Star Medal, Meritorious Service Medal (2OLC), Army

Commendation Medal (1OLC), Army Achievement Medal (2OLC), Reserve Component Achievement Medal,

GWOTSM, Overseas Ribbon (2nd

award), the Expert Field Medical Badge, Army Meritorious Unit Citation, Army

Superior Unit Award, the Knowlton Award for Military Intelligence, the German Military Efficiency Badge (Gold),

and the French Health Service Medal of Honor.

MAJ Froude currently resides in Frederick, Maryland with his wife Kira and their three very active children, James,

Samantha, and Anne. His hobbies include distance running, camping and travel.

The title of MAJ Froude’s talk is:

From Marburg to Malaria - Development of Monoclonal Antibodies Against the Current

and Emerging Threats

MAJ Jeff Froude in the “Blue Suit” used for working in Biological Safety Level 4

(BSL-4)

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Dr. Donna Nelson

Dr. Donna Nelson, is a professor of chemistry at Oklahoma

University and immediate past President of the American Chemical

Society and 2012 Oklahoma Chemist. Donna obtained her PhD in

chemistry at UT-Austin with MJS Dewar, did her postdoctorate at Purdue

with HC Brown, and joined OU.

Her research areas are nanoscience, communicating science to the public,

organic chemical education, and scientific workforce development. She

has over 100 publications and many honors, including American

Chemical Society (ACS) Fellow, ACS Israel Award, ACS Nalley Award,

Oklahoma Chemist Award, Fulbright Scholar, National Science

Foundation (NSF) ADVANCE Leadership Award, Women's eNews "21

Leaders for the 21st Century," AAAS Fellow, Guggenheim Award, NOW

"Woman of Courage," Ford Fellow, Sigma Xi Faculty Research Award,

NSF Special Creativity Extension, and many keynote talks.

Her nanoscience research involves functionalizing single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), with

applications in energy research and technology development, and led to the successful application of

nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to functionalized SWCNT analysis. Her work showed that both

covalent functionalization and complexation of organic molecules to SWCNTs causes nearby protons to

be shifted downfield in the NMR.

She advises television programs, such as Breaking Bad, in order to further the universal goal of presenting

accurate science to TV audiences. In accord with this program, in 2011, she organized the highly-popular

Hollywood Chemistry symposium at the Anaheim ACS Meeting and Science on the Screen symposia at

the Denver ACS Meeting.

Her scientific workforce surveys, of faculty race/ethnicity, gender, and rank in science and engineering at

research universities, revealed that women and minorities are much less represented among professors

than degree recipients. The Nelson Diversity Surveys final report is at http://faculty-

staff.ou.edu/N/Donna.J.Nelson-1/diversity/briefings/Diversity%20Report%20Final.pdf .

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2017

OKLAHOMA CHEMIST

AWARD The recipient of the 2017 Oklahoma Chemist Award is Dr. Dwight L. Myers, Professor of Chemistry, East Central

State University.

I grew up in Kansas City, Kansas, and attended Kansas City, Kansas Community

College, receiving an Associate's Degree in 1975. I then attended Wichita State

University in Wichita, Kansas, receiving my B.S. in Chemistry (1977), and M.S.

(1983), and also worked two years for Vulcan Materials Company in Wichita. I taught

at Friends University for 11 years, taking a sabbatical during which I completed a

Ph.D. (1991) at Wichita State in Physical Chemistry. I came to Oklahoma in August of

1993, as an Assistant Professor of Chemistry at East Central University in Ada. I am

currently Professor of Chemistry, and the Department Chair at ECU. During my time at

East Central University, I have endeavored to introduce as many students as possible to

undergraduate research. My own experience in undergraduate research at Wichita State

University was invaluable in shaping my graduate and professional life. Undergraduate

research is one "hook" that keeps students interested in chemistry and has been the

prelude to graduate school in chemistry for many students.

My research interests are in the areas of thermodynamics and materials chemistry,

particularly high temperature chemistry. Over the years numerous students have conducted undergraduate research

with me at East Central University. Their results have been presented at state and regional ACS Meetings, at

Oklahoma Academy of Science Technical Meetings, and Oklahoma Research Day. Beginning in the summer of

1999, I have worked at the NASA Glenn Research Center in Cleveland, Ohio, for a total of ten summers on

research problems related to corrosion in combustion environments, high speed (hypersonic) flight, and space

vehicle reentry. The emphasis has always been on high temperature chemistry and thermodynamics of the relevant

chemical systems. Chemical systems examined include the silicon-oxygen-hydrogen, chromium-oxygen-hydrogen,

and aluminum-oxygen-hydrogen systems. The data are of use in evaluating possible Thermal Barrier Coating

(TBC) and Environmental Barrier Coating (EBC) materials for turbine blades in jet engines. Improved fuel

efficiency requires higher temperatures of operation, which in turn, requires materials capable of withstanding

higher temperatures through many cycles of operation. Computational chemistry studies were also performed to

complement the experimental data. Another area of research by NASA collaborators and myself is the transition

between passive and active oxidation in silicon carbide, a material of interest for use reentry and hypersonic flight

applications. Active oxidation occurs at lower oxygen pressures, and leads to the formation of the volatile suboxide

SiO(g) with devastating loss of material. Reentry vehicles initially pass through a region of low oxygen potential,

where active oxidation can occur until low enough in the atmosphere to transition to passive oxidation.

For a scientist, research is rewarding in its own right, and also benefits the State of Oklahoma and undergraduate

students as well. In addition to providing relevant illustrations of some fascinating chemistry for my physical

chemistry and general chemistry classes, I have drawn on these experiences as the inspiration for many of the

research projects undertaken by undergraduate chemistry majors at ECU. Currently my students are studying

reactions of titanium dioxide and silicon dioxide at elevated temperatures. Previous students have performed a

variety of undergraduate research projects involving high temperature superconductivity, volatile metal hydroxides

or synthesis of doped bismuth-vanadium oxides. Research greatly benefits undergraduate students. It has been a

pleasure to see students win awards for their posters at professional meetings. I have had the satisfaction of seeing

several students who did undergraduate research with me complete graduate studies in chemistry. As a professor at

a primarily undergraduate institution, I believe this is one very important contribution we make, and I am thankful

for the opportunity to help shape future leaders in the chemical sciences.

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OKLAHOMA CHEMIST AWARD WINNERS 1971 Wayne White, Ozark-Mahoning Company, for developing commercial processes for stannous fluoride and

sodium monofluorophosphate, the two fluorides most widely used as dentifrice additives.

1972 No award

1973 Otis C. Dermer, Oklahoma State University, for his outstanding service to the people of Oklahoma in

building a first-rate Chemistry Department at Oklahoma State University and for his nationally recognized

contribution to the chemical nomenclature and chemical education.

1974 Robert L. Banks, Phillips Petroleum Company, in recognition of his outstanding contributions to the field

of chemistry in the olefin disproportionation reaction and in catalysis.

1975 Charles M. Starks, Conoco, Inc., in recognition of and publications on phase transfer catalysis.

1976 Kang Yang, Conoco, Inc., in recognition of his scientifically sound and innovative theoretical concepts in

radiation chemistry, photochemistry, rate theory, electrochemistry and catalysis, and application of

chemical kinetics to these concepts.

1977 Kenneth Darrell Berlin, Oklahoma State University, in recognition of his many, and significant

contributions to heterocyclic phosphorus chemistry.

1978 Gerard Kraus, Phillips Petroleum Company, for his outstanding contributions to the physical

chemistry of industrial polymers.

1979 Lionel M. Raff, Oklahoma State University, for pioneering work in the use of theoretical chemical physics

as a practical tool for electrical structures, reaction rates, and energy transfer processes.

1980 Wayne F. Hower, Halliburton Services, for invaluable contributions to the science and practice of well

completions and well stimulation methods in the petroleum and related industries.

1981 Alfred Clark, retired from Oklahoma University after retirement from Phillips Petroleum Company,

in recognition of outstanding contributions to theory and applications of adsorption and catalysis.

1982 Marvin M. Johnson, Phillips Petroleum Company, in recognition of his many innovative contributions in

the areas of metal passivation on cracking catalysts and reclamation of used motor oil.

1983 Simon Wender, University of Oklahoma, for his contributions to the understanding of the chemistry

and biochemistry of plant phenolics.

1984 E. J. Eisenbraun, Oklahoma State University, in recognition of his many contributions in the field of

natural products and high purity organic chemicals.

1985 Dick van der Helm, University of Oklahoma, in recognition of his contributions in the field of structural

analyses by x-ray crystallography.

1986 Sherril D. Christian, University of Oklahoma, in recognition of his contributions to the field of colloid

chemistry.

1987 Francis J. Schmitz, University of Oklahoma, for his achievements in the insolation, characterization,

and pharmacological applications of marine natural products.

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1988 Marvin K. Kemp, Amoco Production Company, for his contributions in developing and expanding the

science enrichment program for fourth and fifth grade students, education and practical geochemistry

research applications.

1989 Glenn Dryhurst, University of Oklahoma, in recognition of outstanding achievements in the field of

chemical research and education in the state of Oklahoma.

1990 Horace A. Mottola, Oklahoma State University, in recognition of his contributions in the areas of

continuous flow kinetics and immobilized enzymes.

1991 No award

1992 Elizabeth Ann Nalley, Cameron University, in recognition of her contributions to the teaching of

chemistry to grade school, high school, and college students.

1993 Bing M. Fung, University of Oklahoma, in recognition of his contributions in the fields of liquid crystals

and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

1994 No award.

1995 Gilbert J. Mains, Oklahoma State University, in recognition of his contributions in the fields of

photochemistry and computational chemistry and as an educator.

1996 Max P. McDaniel, Phillips Petroleum Company, in recognition of his contributions to olefin

polymerization catalysis and the polyethylene industry.

1997 Donald L. Thompson, Oklahoma State University, for pioneering work in molecular dynamics and

contributions to chemistry in Oklahoma.

1998 Roger E. Frech, University of Oklahoma, for his contributions in the research of solid state ionic materials,

teaching and mentoring students, and establishing cooperative research centers with other

Oklahoma scientists.

1999 Warren T. Ford, Oklahoma State University, for his outstanding contributions in polymer chemistry.

2000 Robert E. Howard, University of Tulsa, for outstanding contributions to chemical education at the

elementary, secondary, and college levels.

2001 George R. Waller, Oklahoma State University, for outstanding contributions to biochemistry, mass

spectrometry, and natural product chemistry.

2002 P. K. Das, Phillips Petroleum Company, for outstanding contributions to computational methods for

catalyst design with emphasis on the development and characterization of metallocene-based polyolefin

catalysts.

2003 James Weaver, Halliburton Research Services, for contributions in chemistry for improving petroleum

production efficiency and worker safety with minimum environmental impact.

2004 Daniel E. Resasco, University of Oklahoma, for outstanding contributions in nanotechnology and in

petroleum refining.

2005 Neil Purdie, Oklahoma State University, for outstanding contributions in chemical education at the

university level and for the development of a computer program for assisted analysis of lipid profiles.

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2006 Donald D. Knudsen, Chevron Phillips Company, for outstanding contributions to the field of polyolefin

catalysis and outstanding leadership and technical expertise in the development and commercialization of

selective 1-hexene technology.

2007 Ziad ElRassi, Oklahoma State University, for outstanding contributions to chemistry in the state of

Oklahoma in the field of chromatography, especially in the area of liquid phase separation techniques.

2008 Joe Allison, Conoco Company, for outstanding contributions to chemistry over broad areas spanning

the oil, gas, and chemical industries and his significant service to the ACS on both the local and

national levels.

2009 Richard A. Bunce, Oklahoma State University, for outstanding contributions to synthetic organic

chemistry and the development of tandem reactions for the synthesis of carbocyclic and heterocylic

systems.

2010 Jiten Chatterji, Halliburton Energy Services, for outstanding contributions in the areas of cementing

and fracturing in the industry of oil recovery.

2011 Dale Teeters, University of Tulsa, for outstanding contributions in fabrication and characterization of

electrolyte systems in nanoporous membranes.

2012 Donna Nelson, University of Oklahoma, for outstanding contributions in unifying additions to

alkenes via physical organic chemistry, determining SWCNT functional group molecular level

interactions, quantifying research university STEM faculty demographics, and chemical advising to

congress, television, and professional organizations.

2013 Tushar Choudhary, Phillips 66 Research Center, for outstanding work in clean fuels optimization, diesel

hydrotreating catalysis, catalyst development for gasoline desulfurization, clean hydrogen production

for fuel cell applications, and oxidation catalysis.

2014 Allen W. Apblett, Oklahoma State University, for outstanding contributions in chemical research,

education, leadership, and entrepreneurship in the state of Oklahoma.

2015 A. K. Fazlur Rahman, Oklahoma School of Science and Mathematics, for outstanding contributions in

chemical education and leadership at the secondary level and at the college level.

2016 Frankie Wood Black, Director of Process Technology at Northern Oklahoma College and Principal of

Sophic Pursuits, Inc., for outstanding contributions in the oil and gas industry and in chemical education

from the elementary to college level in the State of Oklahoma.

2017 Dwight L. Myers, East Central State University, for outstanding contributions in chemical education at

the college level.

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OKLAHOMA CHEMIST AWARD

The Oklahoma Chemist Award was initiated in 1971 and was primarily started by Dr. George R. Waller

who was a faculty member in the Biochemistry Department at Oklahoma State University. Oklahoma is divided

into five sections of the American Chemical Society, and each Section agreed to support this award on an annual

basis. The concept for the award was to honor truly outstanding contributions made to the science and to the state

by a chemist in recent years within the state of Oklahoma. Although originally designed to honor research

chemists, an amendment was introduced in the 1980s to allow candidates to be nominated who had made

extraordinary contributions to the area of chemical education whether it be to youth or to the public in general. Six

such awards have been made to chemical educators over the years since the inception of the award in 1971. One

award was to be given each year IF a suitable candidate was identified from the research community or from

education. The original award consisted of $500 and a handsome plaque formed in the shape of the state of

Oklahoma.

One member from each of the five Sections was appointed to compose a reviewing committee to accept

nominations which were to be received around early February of each new year. The date was to permit sufficient

time for the winner to be selected and to receive the cash award and plaque at the next annual Pentasectional

Meeting in the spring. The Pentasectional Meeting brings together chemists from academia and from industry

within the state one time each year to present research results. It is the largest meeting of chemists in Oklahoma.

The OKLAHOMA CHEMIST AWARD is the most prestigious award given to a chemist within

Oklahoma. The award now consists of $1000 as well as a handsome plaque in the shape of the state of Oklahoma.

A brief description of the accomplishments by the recipient are engraved on the plaque and are submitted, along

with a photo of the winner, to Chemical and Engineering News for official publication in a forthcoming issue.

Chemical and Engineering News is a major publication of the American Chemical Society and has world-wide

distribution.

EDUCATORS: Fazlur, Howard, Kemp, Nalley, Nelson, Purdie, Meyers

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Morning Presentation Schedule

Session 1 – Organic – Room 100 – Sciences Complex 10:00 Syed Hussaini, Arpan Pal;

University of Tulsa COPPER-CATALYZED COUPLING OF THIOAMIDES & DONOR-ACCEPTOR DIAZO COMPOUNDS FOR

THE SYNTHESIS OF ENAMINONES

10:20 Richard Bunce, Krishna Gnanasekaran, Rup Thing; Oklahoma State University

BISMUTH(III) TRIFLATE CATALYZED TANDEM ESTERIFICATION–FRIES–OXA-MICHAEL ROUTE TO 4-

CHROMANONES

10:40 Jie Gao, Brian P. Grady; University of Oklahoma

OPTIMAL CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF GUAR GUM

11:00 Vinoth K. Chenniappan, Ronald J. Rahaim; Oklahoma State University

NICKEL/TITANIUM DUAL CATALYTIC CROSS-COUPLING OF NITRILES WITH ORGANOHALIDES

11:20 Jon I. Day, Jimmie D. Weaver; Oklahoma State University

NUCLEOPHILIC AROMATIC SUBSTITUTION OF PER- AND POLY-FLUOROARENES WITH

NITROALKANES

11:40 Erika Lopez Quiroz, Winston Trinh, Kamaljeet Singh; Oklahoma State University

PHOTOCATALYTIC SYNTHESIS OF TRANS-CYCLOHEXENE AND TRANS-CYCLOHEPTENE

Session 2 – Inorganic – Room 104 – Sciences Complex

10:00 Withdrawn Withdrawn

10:20 John Ostrander, Carolyn Torres, Dale Teeters; University of Tulsa

PRESURE INDUCED REDUCTION IN GRAIN BOUNDARIES RESULTING IN CHANGES IN CONDUCTANCE VALUES FOR FIVE LITHIUM CONTAINING CERAMICS

10:40

A.K.Fazlur Rahman*, Miles Wilko-Marnell, William D Jones; Oklahoma School of Science and Mathematics, * also University of Rochester, Rochester, NY

SYNTHESIS AND STUDIES OF NAPTHAQUINONE AND ANTHRAQUINONE DERIVED IRIDIUM PINCER CATALYLSTS

11:00 Stewart Younger-Mertz, Robert K. Thomson; University of Oklahoma

F-ELEMENT COMPLEXES WITH PHOSPHINIMIDE LIGANDS: PROBING METAL-LIGAND COVALENCY WITH 31P NMR SPECTROSCOPY

11:20 Wesley T. Honeycutt, Xiaodan Li, M. Tyler Ley, Nicholas F. Materer; Oklahoma State University

Discussion of Carbon Dioxide and Methane Concentration Spikes from a Carbon Sequestration Site near Farnsworth, TX

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Morning Presentation Schedule (continued)

Session 3 – Analytical – Room 105 – Sciences Complex

10:00 Mitchell P. Yothers, Lloyd A. Bumm; University of Oklahoma

TIME-DEPENDENT MOTION OF INDIVIDUAL MOLECULES IN A SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYER

10:20 Matthew M. Herndon, Lloyd A. Bumm; University of Oklahoma

STM TUNNELING CURRENT MEASUREMENT VIA LOW-NOISE FPGA-CONTROLLED SWITCHED INTEGRATOR

10:40 NISANSALA GANEWATTA, ZIAD EL RASSI; OKLAHOMA STATE UNIVERSITY

MONOLITHIC COLUMNS WITH INCORPORATED NANOPARTICLES

11:00 Asantha C. Dharmaratne, James Moulton*, Sadagopan Krishnan; Oklahoma State University, *Missouri Southern State University

COMPARISON OF FUNCTIONALIZED ELECTRODES TOWARD REDUCTION OF OXYGEN

11:20 Jinesh Niroula, Gayan Premaratne, S. Ali Shojaee, Don A. Lucca, Sadagopan Krishnan; Oklahoma State University

ENHANCED SENSITIVITY FOR DETECTION OF BIOMARKERS WITH COVALENT AND NONCOVALENT CARBOXYLATION OF CARBON NANOTUBES

11:40 Jesse A. Phillips, Lauren E Jackson, Heather R Morgan, Greg H Jones, Gabriel LeBlanc, Erin V Iski; University of Tulsa

EC-STM INVESTIGATION OF THE MULTIPLE MECHANISMS FOR THE UNDERPOTENTIAL DEPOSITION OF AG ON AU(111)

Session 4 – Chemical Education – Room 103 – Sciences Complex

10:00 Wayne W. Frenier POSSIBLE EFFECTS OF HYDRAULIC FRACTURING CHEMICALS ON THE ENVIRONMENT

10:20 Anthony W.G. Burgett, Alicia Burris, Ronald H. Halterman, Naga Rama Kothapalli; University of Oklahoma

The Four-Year Research Engagement (FYRE) Program at the University of Oklahoma: Integrating Research in Undergraduate Curriculum

10:40 Joel T. Smith; Southeastern Oklahoma State University

PILOTING A FLIPPED FORMAT UPPER LEVEL CHEMISTRY COURSE

11:00 E. Ann Nalley, Mark Polson; Cameron University

NANOEXPLORERS: A HIGH SUMMER SCIENCE ACADEMY

11:20 E. Ann Nalley, David Brown*; Cameron University, *University of Tulsa

THE 2016 OKLAHOMA STEM COMPETITION ACADEMY: AN OVERNIGHT STEM COMPETITON FOR MIDDLE AND/OR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

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Afternoon Presentation Schedule

Session 5 – Organic – Room 100 – Sciences Complex

1:30 Sameera Senaweera, Jimmie Weaver; Oklahoma State University

SELECTIVE HALOGENATION OF PER- AND POLY-FLUOROARENES VIA SNAR CATALYSIS

1:50 Kip A. Teegardin, Jimmie Weaver; Oklahoma State University

SELECTIVE PERFLUORO- AND POLYFLUOROARYLATION OF OXAZOLONES; SYNTHESIS OF POLYFLUORINATED α-AMINO ACIDS

2:10 Kamaljeet Singh, Christopher Fennell, Evangelos Coutsias*, Reza Latifi, Steve Hartson, Jimmie Weaver; Oklahoma State University, *Stony Brook University

STRAIN INDUCED COUPLINGS MEDIATED BY VISIBLE LIGHT

BREAK

2:40 Jessica Vallier, Travis Vernier, Lisa Crow, Shawna York; Southern Nazarene University

MAGNETITE APPLICATIONS IN ADSORPTION AND CATALYSIS

3:00 Amandeep Arora, Jimmie D. Weaver; Oklahoma State University

PHOTOCATALYTIC GENERATION OF 2-AZOLYL RADICALS: INTERMEDIATES FOR THE AZOLYLATION OF ARENES AND HETEROARENES VIA C–H FUNCTIONALIZATION

3:20 Angus A. Lamar, David A. Rogers, Adam T. Bensalah, John L. Hoerr, Roxanne G. Brown, University of Tulsa

VERSATILE ACTIVATION OF N-X REAGENTS USING ORGANIC DYES UNDER VISIBLE-LIGHT PHOTOCATALYTIC CONDITIONS

3:40 Reda Bababrik, Bin Wang, Daniel Resasco; University of Oklahoma

ELECTROCHEMICAL UPGRADING OF FURANIC COMPOUNDS: A COMBINED EXPERIMENTAL AND DFT STUDY

Session 6 – Physical – Room 104 – Sciences Complex

1:30 Soumya Bhattacharya, Liangliang Huang, Lloyd Bumm; University of Oklahoma

LOCAL DYNAMICS AND DISORDER OF THE TERMINAL METHYL GROUPS IN N-ALKANETHIOL SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS ON AU(111): A MOLECULAR DYNAMICS STUDY

1:50 Tong Mou, Bin Wang, University of Oklahoma RATIONAL DESIGN OF THE CATHOD MATERILAS IN THE LITHIUM-SULFUR BATTERIES

2:10 Michael Zeets, Bin Wang; University of Oklahoma

DETERMINATION OF BRONSTED SITE ACIDITY AND DEFECT LEVELS IN ZEOLITE

BREAK

2:40 Casey H. Williamson, Joshua R Hall, Christopher J Fennell; Oklahoma State University

TWO-DIMENSIONAL MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS OF CONFINED AND BULK WATER PARTICLES

3:00 Delaram Nematollahi, Soumya Bhattacharya, Mitchell P Yothers, Lloyd A Bumm; University of Oklahoma

BRIDGING THE GAP BETWEEN SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENT: SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPY (STM) IMAGES FROM MOLECULAR DYNAMICS (MD) SIMLUATION

3:20 Russell Hobson, Lloyd Bumm; University of Oklahoma

ELECTRONICS FOR CONTROL OF THE ETCHING OF POROUS SILICON

3:40 James Lutz; Cameron University DUCHENNE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY (DMD)

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Afternoon Presentation Schedule (continued)

Session 7 – Analytical – Room 105 – Sciences Complex

1:30 Ahmedul Kabir, Allen Apblett; Oklahoma State University

DETERMINATION OF FILMING AND ALKALIZING AMINES USING LC-MS AND THE INFLUENCE OF THESE AMINES ON ION EXCHANGE RESIN PROPERTIES

1:50 Allen W Apblett, Hayden Hanby, Kevin N Barber, Nicholas F Materer; Oklahoma State University

IS THAT A BOMB IN YOUR LABORATORY? PEROXIDIZED SOLVENTS AND HOW TO DEAL WITH THEM

2:10 Stewart Younger-Mertz, Robert K. Thomson; University of Oklahoma

EVALUATING THE DISTRIBUTION OF FLUORINE IN ARCHAEOLOGICAL MATERIALS MADE OF MICROCRYSTALLINE QUARTZ USING PARTICLE INDUCED GAMMA EMISSION SPECTROMETRY (MICRO-PIGE): A CONTRIBUTION TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF FLUORINE DIFFUSION DATING

BREAK

2:40 Travis Reed, Allen Apblett; Oklahoma State University THE INTERESTING ABILITY OF NANOCRYSTALLINE ZINC OXIDE TO UNDERGO ION-EXCHANGE REACTION WITH COPPER COBALT

3:00 K. A. Niradha Sachinthani, Toby L. Nelson; Oklahoma State University

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF EUMELANIN-INSPIRED BLUE EMITTING POLYMERS FOR ORGANIC LIGHT EMITTING DIODES

3:20 Yan Li, Joseph Suflita, Kathleen Duncan, Mark Nanny; University of Oklahoma

The influence of soluble ferric iron chelated with aerobic metabolites on the microbial influenced corrosion in steel production water tanks from the Barnett Shale region

3:40 NURSAH KOKBUDAK, Mark Nanny, Yan Li; University of Oklahoma

SOLUBILIZATION OF Fe(III) BY OXALIC ACID: A LINK BETWEEN SHEWANELLA RESPIRATION AND CARBON STEEL CORROSION

Session 8 – Polymer – Room 103 – Sciences Complex

1:30 Jarred H. Kelsey, Nathan T. Pickering, Joe Zhou*, Jeffery L. White; Oklahoma State University, *Chevron Phillips Chemical Company

CHAIN TOPOLOGY EFFECTS ON THE GLASS TRANSITION TEMPERATURE IN INVERSE-TAPERED COPOLYMERS

1:50 C. K. Ranaweera, M. Ionescu, N. Bilic, X. Wan, P. K. Kahol, Ram K. Gupta; Pittsburg State University

BIO-BASED POLYOLS VIA THIOL-ENE “CLICK” CHEMISTRY FOR FIRE RESISTANCE RIGID POLYURETHANE FOAMS

2:10 Ugo Arua, Madhubhashini Arachchilage, Frank

Blum; Oklahoma State University

SEGMENTAL DYNAMICS OF POLY(STYRENE-STAT-METHYL METHACRYLATE-d3) IN BULK AND AT VERY SMALL ADSORBED AMOUNTS ON SILICA

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Morning Poster Session – Hallway – Sciences Complex

Poster Presenter Name Title

1 M Ting An Yen, Zayed Hassan, Sanjeewa Gamagedara; University of Central Oklahoma

HPLC METHOD DEVELOPMENT & VALIDATION FOR QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF KIDNEY CANCER BIOMARKERS IN HUMAN URINE

2 M Blake Young, John Bowen; University of Central Oklahoma

ANALYSIS OF PHTHALATE ESTERS IN INFANT FORMULA

3 M Dillon Hart, John Bowen; University of Central Oklahoma

ANALYSIS OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM CRUMB RUBBER FROM ATHLETIC FIELDS

4 M WITHDRAWN

5 M WITHDRAWN

6 M Cierra Allen, Allison Arnold, Johnnie Bennett, Morgan Black, Megan Brown, Garrett Dressler, Bethany Harman, Haley Harris, Dana Horne, Devon Legaard, Jonathan Pope, Jay Ross, John Fretch, John Bowen; University of Central Oklahoma

ANALYSIS OF CREMATORIUM STACK GASSES, A CLASS PROJECT FOR ADVANCED INSTRUMENTAL ANALYSIS

7 M Benjamin J. Loewen, Norman E. Schmidt; Tabor College

ANALYSIS OF GARLIC BREATH USING GCMS-SPME

8 M Melissa A. Cairns, Norman E. Schmidt; Tabor College

PRELIMINARY STUDIES ON THE CHEMICALS CAUSING THE SMELL OF FLOWERS

9 M Amy E. Horner, Norman E. Schmidt; Tabor College

CLOUD POINTS OF FATTY ACID METHYL ESTERS WITH VARYING PERCENT OF SATURATED FAMES

10 M Clinton D. Bryan, Juan M. Ruiz, Cameron University

POLLUTION DIAGNOSIS OF WOLF CREEK

11 M Austin Anderson, Jason R. Wickham, Cori Hoffman, David Edlin Iofina; Northwestern Oklahoma State University

Study of iodine gas scrubber efficiency and iodine distribution in northwestern Oklahoma brine waters

12 M Phuong Dinh, Kanika Bhargava, Sanjeewa Gamagedara; University of Central Oklahoma

QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF RAFFINOSE CONTENT IN DIFFERENT PULSES USING AN ENZYMATIC ASSAY

13 M James P. Buerck, Dimitrios V. Papavassiliou, Trevor Snyder*, David W. Schmidtke**, Edgar A. O’Rear; The University of Oklahoma, * VADovations, ** The University of Texas at Dallas

FLUORESCENT PROBE CHARARACTERIZATION OF MECHANICALLY TRAUMATIZED ERYTHROCYTES

14 M Kegan Sunderland; University of Oklahoma IDENTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT OF NOVEL BONE MORPHOGENIC PROTEIN RECEPTOR BINDING PEPTIDES IN OSTEOBLAST DIFFERENTIATION SIGNALING PATHWAY

15 M Bharat P Chaudhary, Oklahoma State University MECHANISM OF YEAST N-GLYCOSYLATION: STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF OST4P AND ITS MUTANT

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16 M Salik Ram Dahal, Suman Mazumder, Smita Mohanty; Oklahoma State University

STRUCTURE-FUNCTION STUDIES OF EUKARYOTIC OLIGOSACCHARYLTRANSFERASE

17 M Matthew Bamidele, Martha Essandoh, Suman Mazumder, Smita Mohanty; Oklahoma State University

TACKLING INFESTATION OF ASIAN CORN BORER

18 M Laci Hadorn, Shuguftha Naz, Tuhina Banerjee, Santimukul Santra; Pittsburg State University

NOVEL DRUG COCKTAIL-CARRYING IRON-OXIDE NANOPARTICLES FOR THE TREATMENT OF CANCER

19 M Stephen Dunne, Naga Rama Kothapalli, Juan Nunez, Anthony Burgett; University of Oklahoma

ANALYSIS OF OSBP-EGFP FUSION PROTEIN

20 M Doaa M Domyati, Sydney L Hope, Reza Latifi, Micah D. Hearns, Laleh Tahsini; Oklahoma State University

Cu(I) COMPLEXES OF PINCER PYRIDINE-BASED N-HETEROCYCLIC CARBENES WITH SMALL WINGTIPS SUBSTITUENTS: SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND APPLICATION IN SONOGASHIRA COUPLING REACTIONS

21 M Matthew Bardeaux, Shepard Cockrell, Reza Latifi, Laleh Tahsini; Oklahoma State University

SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, AND PHOTOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF HYBRID N-HETEROCYCLIC CARBENE COMPLEXES OF COPPER

22 M Charles Ault, Charles J. Neef; Pittsburg State University

ELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF COPOLYMERS FROM 3-PHENYL[5]FERROCENOPHANE OR VINYLFERROCENE WITH VARIOUS N-SUBSTITUTED PHENYLMALEIMIDES

23 M Abdulrahman Alhathir, Charles J. Neef; Pittsburg State University

ELECTRONIC INTERACTION IN COPOLYMERS OF VINYLFERROCENE AND VINYLIMIDAZOLE

24 M Austin Walker, Dwight Myers, Chundira Brown; East Central University

SOLID STATE REACTIONS OF TITANIUM DIOXIDE WITH SILICA AND ALUMINA

25 M Fahad Alqahtani, Allen Apblett; Oklahoma State University

BIMETALLIC AMINO ACID COMPLEXES AS PRECURSORS FOR NICKEL MOLYBDATE

BIMETALLIC AMINO ACID COMPLEXES AS PRECURSORS FOR NICKEL MOLYBDATE

26 M Z Wang, P. K. Kahol, Ram K. Gupta; Pittsburg

State University COST EFFECTIVE SYNTHESIS OF CARBON COATED MoS2 FOR SUPERCAPACITOR

27 M Johara Al Dream, P.K. Kahol, Ram K. Gupta; Pittsburg State University

FACILE SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GRAPHENE NANORIBBONS/POLYPYRROLE NANOCOMPOSITE

28 M Ujith SK Madduma-Bandarage, Yolanda Vasquez; Oklahoma State University

EVALUATION OF DEFECTS PRESENT IN THE INVERSE OPAL FILMS (IOFS) PRODUCED BY CO-ASSEMBLY TECHNIQUE

29 M Gentry Smith, Christopher Fennell; Oklahoma State University

OPTIMIZING MOLECULAR GEOMETRIES USING PARALLEL ENERGY MAPPING

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Afternoon Poster Session – Hallway – Sciences Complex

Poster

1 A Suman Mazumder, Bharat Chaudhary, Salik Dahal, Smita Mohanty; Oklahoma State University

ROLE OF ACIDIC RESIDUES IN C-TERMINUS TAIL OF ANTHERAEA POLYPHEMUS PBP1 IN LIGAND BINDING AND RELEASING

2 A Marina E. Brown, Kyle Moore; Cameron University

SPECIAL PRODUCTS OF AMINO ACID ANABOLISM AND THE INBORN ERRORS THAT RESULT

3 A Sujana Rupakheti, Kyle Moore; Cameron University

METABOLIC PATHWAY AND INBORN ERRORS OF SUGAR METABOLISM IN HUMAN BODY

4 A Lindsay Gladwell, Kyle Moore; Cameron University

FAT METABOLISM AND ASSOCIATED INBORN ERRORS

5 A Brandon T. Schmidt, Kyle Moore; Cameron University

AMINO ACID CATABOLISM AND ASSOCIATED INBORN ERRORS

6 A Meagan E. Angiel, Kyle Moore; Cameron University

ERRORS IN DETOXIFYING REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES AND ASSOCIATED DISEASES

7 A Jeein Yoon, Kyle Moore; Cameron University

VITAMIN ROLES IN METABOLISM AND DEFICIENCIES THAT CAUSE HUMAN DISEASES

8 A Aleigh Peiroo, Mario Abramson, Kyle Moore; Cameron University

Novel Crosslinking in Fo Portion of ATP Synthase

9 A Shuguftha Naz, Laci Hadorn, Tuhina Banerjee, Santimukul Santra, Pittsburg State University

PSMA-RECEPTOR TARGETING TRANSLATIONAL MAGNETIC NANOPROBES: NOVEL NANOTHERANOSTICS FOR THE TREATMENT OF PROSTATE CARCINOMAS

10 A James Lutz, E. Ann Nalley; Cameron University

SYNTHESIS OF MALACHITE GREEN AND ITS APPLICATION IN SOLAR CELLS

11 A Paige Hinahon, Khang Nguyen, Dragan Nikic, Sanjeewa Gamagedara; University of Central Oklahoma

Miniaturization of Electrochemical Cell for Teaching General Chemistry Laboratory Course

12 A Angela Zhu, Kirtana Kumar, A.K.Fazlur Rahman, Oklahoma School of Science and Mathematics

Why Isn’t Silicon the Basis Of Life?

13 A Michael Lee, Aniket Dehadrai, Omar Khan, A.K.Fazlur Rahman, Oklahoma School of Science and Mathematics

How many Bonds Carbon can Have: Two? Four? Or Six?

14 A George Wang, A.K Fazlur Rahman, Bin Wang*; Oklahoma School of Science and Mathematics, *University of Oklahoma

QUANTUM-MECHANICAL CALCUATIONS FOR CHEMICAL BONDING AND ELECTRONIC STRUCTURES OF HEXAGONAL ICE

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15 A Keirah Jefferson, Josephine Hriscu, A.K.Fazlur Rahman, Oklahoma School of Science and Mathematics

A BIO-CHEMICAL STORY OF TAMOXIFEN, A BREAST-CANCER DRUG

16 A Mansi Gattani, Sneha Patel, A.K.Fazlur Rahman, Oklahoma School of Science and Mathematics

WHAT IS AUTOPHAGY: AN EFFORT TO THE UNDERSTANDING THE MECHANISMS IN OUR CELLS

17 A Charles Critell, Daniel McInnes; East Central University

YOU ARE WHAT YOU EAT: A SUMMER ACADEMY FOR OKLAHOMA 8TH AND 9TH GRADERS

18 A April Miller, Miranda Fazzi, Charles J. Neef; Pittsburg State University

THE USE OF MICROWAVES IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LABORATORY

19 A Tiffany Swinford, E. Ann Nalley, Mark Polson; Cameron University

APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND AEROSPACE ENGINEERING ACADEMY FOR MIDDLE SCHOOL GIRLS

20 A Ronald M. Bercaw, Stephen Prilliman; Oklahoma City University

SATURATED BICARBONATE SOLUTION AS A CLASSROOM DEMONSTRATION OF LE CHATELIER’S PRINCIPLE

21 A Sheila Youngblood, Travis Burch, Giselle Santillan; Cameron University

2016 CU ENGINEERING AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS SUMMER ACADEMY: USING THE ENGINEERING DESIGN PROCESS TO INVEST AND IMPACT FUTURE STEM GENERATIONS

22 A Field M. Watts, K. Darrell Berlin, Doris M. Benbrook and Richard A. Bunce; Oklahoma State University

SYNTHESIS OF OXYGEN ANALOGUES OF A PROMISING ANTICANCER DRUG

23 A Hannah M. King, Emily A. Knight, Gary Ritzhaupt, William B. Collier; Oral Roberts University

MATRIX ISOLATION OF LETROZOLE IN ARGON AT 20 K USING FTIR SPECTROSCOPY

24 A Emmanuel Ilondior, E. Ann Nalley; Cameron University

SYNTHESIS OF AZO DYES PREPARED FROM DIAZONIUM SALTS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS IN DYE SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS

25 A Adewunmi Felicia Adebanjo, Staci Kirkpatrick, Sujana Rupakheti, Alex Rivas, E. Ann Nalley, Cameron University

COMPARISON OF MICROWAVE AND CLASSICAL ORGANIC SYNTHESES

26 A Cayla Caveny, Pasang Hyolmo, Elizabeth Ann Nalley; Cameron University

MICROWAVE SYNTHESIS OF TETRAPHENYLPORPHYRINS AND TETRAPHENYLPORPHYRIN DERIVATIVES

27 A Donald Ryan, Yan Li, Mark Nanny, Renxing Liang, Joe Sulflita; University of Oklahoma

BIOGENIC METHANE PRODUCTION FROM COAL: OPTIMIZING THE USE OF OZONE FOR PRODUCING PARTIALLY-OXIDIZED SUBSTRATES FOR METHANOGENESIS

28 A Tanuja Tummala, Shuguftha Naz, Tuhina Banerjee, Santimukul Santra; Pittsburg State University

TARGETED COMBINATION THERAPY OF PROSTATE CANCER

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27 A BRANDON F. GARNER, WILLIAM P. RANAHAN, LOIS A. ABLIN; Oral Roberts University

SYNTHESIS OF ETHYL 4-(2,4-DIHYDROXYPHENYL)-6-METHYL-2-OXO-1,2,3,4-TETRAHYDROPYRIMIDINE-5-CARBOXYLATE AND ITS EFFECT ON THE PROLIFERATION RATE OF MDA-MB468 BREAST CANCER CELLS

28 A Faisal MD Alzahrani, Allen Apblett; Oklahoma State University

CATALYTIC REACTION OF PHOSPHOTUNGSTIC ACID WITH DILAKYLCYANAMIDES

29 A Santosh Adhikari, Toby Nelson; Oklahoma State University

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF EUMELANIN-INSPIRED POLY(INDOYLENEARYLENEETHYNYLENE)S

30 A IMANI H AGARD, WILLIAM P RANAHAN, LOIS A ABLIN; ORAL ROBERTS UNIVERSITY

SYNTHESIS OF ETHYL 4-(4-HYDROXYPHENYL)-6-METHYL-2-OXO-1,2,3,4-TETRAHYDROPYRIMIDINE-5-CARBOXYLATE AND ITS EFFECT ON THE PROLIFERATION RATE OF MDA-MB468 BREAST CANCER CELLS

31 A Dilip K. Paul, Kristopher Keyes; Pittsburg State University

IR SPECTRAL EVIDENCE OF ALDOL CONDENSATION: ACETALDEHYDE ADSORPTION OVER TiO2 SURFACE

32 A Devang Khambhati, Toby L Nelson; Oklahoma State University

Synthesis of Benzobisthophene-S,S-tetroxide (BDTT) based small molecules via Copper catalyzed C-H activation

33 A Sanket Bhoyate, C. Zhang, M. Ionescu, X. Wan, P. K. Kahol, Ram K. Gupta; Pittsburg State University

POLYURETHANES FOAMS/CAST SHEETS USING POLYOLS FROM AGRO-CULTIVABLE RESOURCES

34 A Sherin S. Paranahewage, Christopher J. Fennell, Oklahoma State University

ESTIMATION OF THE FREE ENERGY LANDSCAPE OF POLYMER COLLAPSE USING MOLECULAR DYNAMIC SIMULATIONS

35 A Hasani G Jayasinghe, Christian J Thomas, Sundar Madihally, Yolanda Vasquez; Oklahoma State University

SURFACE PATTERNED POLY(HEMA-CO-DMAEMA) HYDROGELS – FABRICATION, CHARACTERIZATION, AND SWELLING BEHAVIOR

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(1) POSSIBLE EFFECTS OF HYDRAULIC FRACTURING CHEMICALS ON THE ENVIRONMENT. Wayne W. Frenier The presentation will describe the chemicals and the chemistries that are in use to support hydraulic fracturing (HF) processes. HF procedures are used to stimulate oil and gas bearing formations to facilitate hydrocarbon production. HF treatments have been applied extensively in Oklahoma and the early chemistries were developed in Oklahoma labs. Understanding the range of chemicals in the HF fluids as well as the complex chemistries that must occur for a successful treatment, is a requirement for predicting possible health, safety and environmental (HSE) consequences of HF treatments. Specific technologies to be described include: • Mechanics of HF processes • Various HF fluids in current use • Chemistries that must take place during a treatment • When/where HSE problems may occur • Possible solutions Return to Session 4 Return to Overall Schedule (2) COPPER-CATALYZED COUPLING OF THIOAMIDES & DONAR-ACCEPTOR DIAZO COMPOUNDS FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF ENAMINONES. Syed Hussaini, Arpan Pal; University of Tulsa We will share our progress towards the intermolecular coupling of thioamides and donar-acceptor diazo compounds for the synthsis of enaminones. Such coupling has not been reported before. The products, enaminones, are important building blocks in orgnaic synthesis. Return to Session 1 Return to Overall Schedule (3) Cu(I) COMPLEXES OF PINCER PYRIDINE-BASED N-HETEROCYCLIC CARBENES WITH SMALL WINGTIPS SUBSTITUENTS: SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND APPLICATION IN SONOGASHIRA COUPLING REACTIONS. Doaa M Domyati, Sydney L Hope, Reza Latifi, Micah D. Hearns, Laleh Tahsini; Oklahoma State University We describe the synthesis of three new Cu(I) complexes with pincer N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands, I(R)CᴖNᴖC (R = Me, Et and iPr) bearing methylpyridine as linkers. All of these compounds, namely [Cu(IMeCᴖNᴖC)](PF6), 1; [Cu(IEtCᴖNᴖC)](PF6), 2; and [Cu(IiPrCᴖNᴖC)](PF6), 3 have been characterized by 1H- and 13C NMR spectroscopies, elemental analysis, and single crystal X-ray structures.1 We have also synthesized some cationic and neutral Cu-NHC complexes, [Cu(IiPr)2]PF6 4 and [Cu(SIMes)Cl] 5, respectively, and characterized them by elemental analysis and NMR spectroscopy. The Cu-NHC complexes were utilized as catalyst in the C-C bond formation between sp- and sp2-hybridized carbon atoms (Sonogashira reaction). We have shown that [Cu(SIMes)Cl] and [Cu(IRCᴖNᴖC)](PF6) complexes can provide the cross-coupled product with 60-80% isolated yield. Return to Morning Posters Return to Overall Schedule (4) BISMUTH(III) TRIFLATE CATALYZED TANDEM ESTERIFICATION–FRIES–OXA-MICHAEL ROUTE TO 4-CHROMANONES. Richard Bunce, Krishna Gnanasekaran, Rup Thing; Oklahoma State University An efficient tandem reaction approach was employed to prepare 4-chromanones from electron-rich phenols and acrylic acid derivatives in boiling toluene using 20 mol % bismuth(III) triflate as the catalyst. The procedure was convenient to perform, and 25–90% yields of products were realized. A range of substrates was included (14 substrates) to help define the scope of the process. Additional experiments were reported, which confirmed that the sequence of events involved (1) esterification of the acid by the phenol, (2) Fries rearrangement toward the less hindered ortho position and (3) oxa-Michael ring closure of the Fries product. Return to Session 1 Return to Overall Schedule (5) SYNTHESIS OF OXYGEN ANALOGUES OF A PROMISING ANTICANCER DRUG. Field M. Watts, K. Darrell Berlin, Doris M. Benbrook and Richard A. Bunce; Oklahoma State University The thiochroman-based anticancer agent S-Het-A2 (NSC721689) has been shown to selectively induce apoptosis in cancer cells while leaving normal cells unharmed. This compound, however, possesses two metabolically reactive

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groups and exhibits relatively low oral bioavailability. In order to eliminate the reactive groups as well as improve solubility and potency, oxygen analogues of S-Het-A2, bearing less reactive functionality with similar donor/acceptor properties have been prepared in seven steps from phenol and 3,3-dimethylacryloyl chloride. Our results indicate that certain structural features appear to be important to its drug interaction with mortalin (HSPA9) in cancer cells. The poster will present synthesis and activity data for several analogues of S-Het-A2. highlighting important substituent groups for optimal binding. Return to Afternoon Posters Return to Overall Schedule (6) Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Activity of Cationic Pincer N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes of Copper(I) with Small Wingtip Substituents. Doaa Domyati, Sydney L. Hope, Reza Latifi, Micah D. Hearns, Laleh Tahsini; Oklahoma State University Six new Cu(I) complexes with pincer pyridine-based N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands of the type I(R)CNC and I(R)C^N^C, where R = Me, Et and iPr have been synthesized. All the compounds have been characterized by 1H- and 13C NMR spectroscopies, elemental analysis, solution conductivity, and electrochemical studies. Single crystal X-ray data were obtained for all complexes, except Cu-IMeCNC revealing a binuclear structure of two Cu atoms at a close distance, 2.622–2.811 Å for all complexes except Cu-IEtC^N^C. Solution-state conductivity data reveal a dominant 1:2 electrolyte behavior for Cu(I)-I(R)CNC, but 1:1 electrolyte for Cu-I(R)C^N^C, consistent with the sustainable binuclear structure in solutions of Cu(I)-I(R)CNC complexes. Cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry studies reveal an irreversible and two quasi-reversible peaks for the 1e- oxidation of solvent-bound/solvent-free binuclear and mononuclear Cu-NHC species in 1–3. In contrast, the reversible Cu(II)/Cu(I) couples of 4–6 at potentials close to that of complexes with tripodal polydentate NHC scaffolds indicate the electronic and structural flexibility of I(R)C^N^C ligands to accommodate both Cu(I) and Cu(II) ions. The complexes 4–6 were utilized as catalysts in the C-C bond formation between sp- and sp2-hybridized carbon atoms (Sonogashira reaction) and 60 -75% isolated yield of cross-coupled product was obtained in the absence of any Pd additives. (7) OPTIMAL CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF GUAR GUM. Jie Gao, Brian P. Grady; University of Oklahoma Guar gum has been widely used in various industrial applications because of its ability to produce highly viscous solution even at low concentrations. It is valuable to develop strategies to further enhance this ability by changing its rheological properties.is prepared by chemical modification of guar gum through an environmently-friendly method to generate enhanced solubility and thermal stability. In this two-step procedure, a strong base is used to deprotonate the hydroxyl groups of guar gum, and then, carboxyl groups are attached via nucleophilic substitution. The product is characterized using thermogravimetric analysis and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Influence of varied reaction temperature on the degree of substitutionis is also evaluated. Rheological properties are measured via steady-shear and oscillating experiments before and after the modification and correlated with the degree of substitution. Return to Session 1 Return to Overall Schedule (8) MINIATURIZATION OF ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL FOR TEACHING GENERAL CHEMISTRY LABORATORY COURSE. Paige Hinahon, Khang Nguyen, Dragan Nikic, Sanjeewa Gamagedara; University of Central Oklahoma Standard electrochemical cell employs two half cells physically separated and connected via salt bridge containing non-interfering electrolyte. Solution for the each half- cell is 30 mL of 0.1 M metal salt usually nitrates are used or could be other type of metal salt. Most of the time students do not get correct voltages in spite of careful experimental techniques being used. In some cells experimental error goes up to 80 %. There are also health risks involved like polishing relatively large metal plate electrodes, which generate particles of metal (most of these metals are heavy metals and poses high toxicity). We have developed the method which use metal wires 4-5 cm in length with small diameter rather than large metal plates, without need for separate salt bridge. In standard general chemistry electrochemistry experiments here at University of Central Oklahoma labs the following metals are used: copper, zinc, iron, nickel, tin, and lead. For the above mentioned reasons we tried different approach to avoid high error in voltage readings, health risk and use of relatively large volumes of metal salts. This set up uses 0.1 mL ( volume being scaled down 300 times) of salt solution per half- cell we were able to device an experiment which produces voltages very close

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to the theoretical values. Employing this method lower the cost per single set up and significantly reduces toxic waste. Future plan is to develop small block with half-cells, and salt bridge in one piece of easily assembled set up. This method use standard Radio Shack voltmeter already available in the student’s lab. Preliminary data with improvised experimental set produce 1.09 V for the Cu/Zn cell, theoretical value for this cell is 1.10 V. Return to Afternoon Posters Return to Overall Schedule (9) A QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF RAFFINOSE CONTENT IN DIFFERENT PULSES USING AN ENZYMATIC ASSAY. Phuong Dinh, Kanika Bhargava, Sanjeewa Gamagedara; University of Central Oklahoma Pulse is a significant source of grains - an important component of both human and livestock diets. Oligosaccharides are a major components in pulse, which contain stachyose, verbascose, and high amount of raffinose. However, recent researches show that raffinose, in oligosaccharides is associated with a beneficial role as probiotics, which significantly helps in promoting the gut-health. In this experiment, we determined variety types of pulse, in which have the highest amount of raffinose. The common types of pulse were selected, included soybeans, adzuki beans (red beans), chickpeas and lentils. The extract sample solutions contained raffinose were treated in a series of enzyme interactions provided by Megazyme assay. Raffinose was converted to D-galactose, and then into NADH form. The absorbance of NADH was measured at 340 nm wavelength using a UV spectrophotometer. Hence, the amount of raffinose for each samples can be quantitatively determined, based on the stoichiometric to the measured NADH contents. The highest raffinose content was measured in soybean sample as 5.568 g/100g. Lentils and chickpeas approximately had the same amount of raffinose, respectively 5.159 and 5.243 g/100g, and red bean had the lowest raffinose content, 4.923g/100g. These samples will be added that into yogurt-form to enhance probiotic growth, and provide benefit of antioxidant protection. Return to Morning Posters Return to Overall Schedule (10) HPLC METHOD DEVELOPMENT & VALIDATION FOR QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF KIDNEY CANCER BIOMARKERS IN HUMAN URINE. Ting An Yen, Zayed Hassan, Sanjeewa Gamagedara; University of Central Oklahoma Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) or kidney cancer is the third most common cancer of the genitourinary system and in 2015 will account for an estimated 61,560 new cases and 14,080 deaths in the United States. RCC, with current medical treatment, is difficult to detect, costly and time-consuming. The purpose of this research study is to develop a fast and sensitive method using High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to separate four human physiological biomarkers. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is a quantitative analytical technique that can detect a mixture of RCC metabolomics which it changes rapidly and represent the final response of an organism in urine simultaneously and sensitively and further separate chemical compounds in a mixture. It offers several advantages including negligible consumption of sample and waste, lower instrumental cost, high speed analysis. It was reported that quinolinic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and gentisic acid levels in urine can be elevated when a person suffering from RCC. In this project, a High- performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed and validated to quantify these metabolites in urine. This method offers several advantages including negligible consumption of sample, simultaneous detection of analytes and high speed analysis. Also this HPLC method can be more applicable to clinical settings compared to the previously published LC/MS/MS method, because HPLC is a commonly available and less expensive instrument than the LC/MS/MS. Return to Morning Posters Return to Overall Schedule (11) Matrix Isolation of Letrozole in Argon at 20 K Using FTIR Spectroscopy. Hannah M. King, Emily A. Knight, Gary Ritzhaupt, William B. Collier; Oral Roberts University Letrozole is a well-known potent and selective cancer drug used for breast cancer treatment in women. Its primary action is to inhibit or stop the growth of cancers and prevent them from returning. It is a known aromatase inhibitor. This presentation presents the 20 K frozen argon matrix isolated FTIR spectrum of letrozole. The molecule contains multiple functional groups but fortunately not the type of functional groups that hydrogen bond to cause strong polymerization. This experiment presents the matrix isolated monomer spectrum of letrozole. Theoretical studies are

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underway to understand the structure and possible conformers of this very useful molecule. So far there is little spectral evidence of dimerization and other intermolecular coupling of the monomer molecules. Return to Afternoon Posters Return to Overall Schedule (12) TIME-DEPENDENT MOTION OF INDVIDUAL MOLECULES IN A SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYER. Mitchell P. Yothers, Lloyd A. Bumm; University of Oklahoma Our group is interested in real-space analysis of scanning tunneling microscope (STM) images. We have previously developed a technique to find atoms or molecules (features) from STM image data and a post-processing drift correction technique. Using these, we find the parameters of the lattice that best fits the image feature locations. By applying this technique to many images and aligning their lattices, features can be matched between images to track the same surface feature across many STM images. We have applied this technique to a 1-decanethiol self-assembled monolayer (SAM) sample on Au(111). We are investigating individual feature motion in the monolayer. We are especially interested in the dependence of the SAM structure and motion on the proximity to defects and SAM domain boundaries, as well as classifying the motion of the domain boundaries themselves. Return to Session 3 Return to Overall Schedule (13) CHAIN TOPOLOGY EFFECTS ON THE GLASS TRANSITION TEMPERATURE IN INVERSE-TAPERED COPOLYMERS. Jarred H. Kelsey, Nathan T. Pickering, Joe Zhou*, Jeffery L. White; Oklahoma State University, *Chevron Phillips Chemical Company Monomer ordering in inverse-tapered copolymers can present glass transitions in a manner atypical of traditional block copolymers. Building on previous work where the tapered sections composed roughly one-third of the total polymer mass [Sigle et al. Macromolecules 2015, 48, 5714], the current work further explores the effects of tapering at the interface between two blocks. Here, we focus on styrene-butadiene copolymers with inverse-tapered sections of 10K, 20K, and 40K, and total tapered sections comprising 66% of the polymer mass. Using modulated differential scanning calorimetry, it was seen that the inverse-tapered sections produced a new glass transition not seen in a control block copolymer. It is typical for styrene to reside in rigid environments and butadiene to reside in mobile environments. However, solution NMR, solid state spin counting NMR, and variable temperature MAS NMR experiments showed evidence of a significant amount of mobile styrene and rigid butadiene. Return to Session 8 Return to Overall Schedule (14) Bio-based Polyols via Thiol-Ene “Click” Chemistry for Fire Resistance Rigid Polyurethane Foams. C. K. Ranaweera, M. Ionescu, N. Bilic, X. Wan, P. K. Kahol, Ram K. Gupta; Pittsburg State University The objective of this work is to synthesize the bio-based polyol using limonene and 1-thioglycerol via thiol-ene chemistry. Later, use this bio-based polyol for the preparation of fire resistance rigid polyurethane foams (PUF), combining with dimethyl methyl phosphonate (DMMP). Bio-based polyol was characterized using FT-IR, GPC and other wet methods. FTIR and GPC analysis suggested that photoinitiated thiol-ene reaction between limonene and 1-thioglycerol was successfully proceeded. Structural, physical, thermal and fire resistance properties of rigid PUF were studied. SEM images illustrated that foams were consisted of regular shape and uniform cell distribution. Excellent closed cell content over 90% and high compressive strength were observed for the rigid PUF. However, compressive strength gradually decreased from 226 kPa to 117 kPa, when DMMP increased from 0 pbw to 6 pbw. Horizontal burning test of rigid PUF containing only 2 pbw of DMMP showed reduction in burning time by ~ 83% compare to the neat (without DMMP) sample. Weight loss during the burning test for the neat sample was nearly 50% and this was reduced significantly by addition of 2 pbw of DMMP to merely 7%. Thermal stability of the RPFs was analyzed using TGA and it was found that DMMP was released into gaseous phase between 100-250 oC, remarkably enhancing fire resistance. Our study suggests that bio-based polyol from limonene can be used for the preparation of rigid polyurethane foams. Addition of 2 pbw of DMMP significantly enhanced the fire resistance, while maintaining excellent mechanical and structural properties of rigid PUF, which can be utilized for construction and packaging. Return to Session 8 Return to Overall Schedule

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(15) ELECTRONICS FOR CONTROL OF THE ETCHING OF POROUS SILICON. Russell Hobson, Lloyd Bumm; University of Oklahoma Porous silicon may be synthesized by etching a silicon wafer with hydrogen fluoride (HF). Oxidation of the silicon is performed electrochemically. This current may be either adjusted directly or through a voltage, providing a control variable to manipulate the rate of etching and properties of the pores. N-type silicon is chosen for our work because it will only etch when exposed to light. Electrochemical oxidation requires holes (electron vacancies) in the silicon, which are only created by exposure to light. Here the holes migrate from the backside to the front surface where etching occurs. Because light is required for current to flow in our etch, we can use the light intensity as a second control. Our apparatus illuminates the backside of the silicon cell with a 100W red LED. LED intensity and silicon cell voltage are each measured and controlled independently by a dual feedback control circuit. Through independent manipulation of these two variables, we hope to exert better control over the properties of the pores etched in the silicon wafers. Return to Session 6 Return to Overall Schedule (16) SOLUBILIZATION OF Fe(III) BY OXALIC ACID: A LINK BETWEEN SHEWANELLA RESPIRATION AND CARBON STEEL CORROSION. NURSAH KOKBUDAK, Nanny Mark, Li Yan; University of Oklahoma The estimated annual cost of corrosion damage to steel infrastructure in the oil/gas industry is $1.37 billion, with over 20% due to microbial influenced corrosion. Field samples from corroding Colombian oil wells had an abundance of Shewanella spp, a facultative anaerobic iron-reducing bacteria, along with exceptionally high dissolved ferric iron and organic ligand concentrations such as oxalic acid. To test the hypothesis that the soluble ferric iron was supporting Shewanella respiration and facilitating corrosion, the abiotic effect of oxalate on carbon steel was tested. Next, the impact of different chelated ferric iron compounds to Shewanella respiration was examined. Finally, the effect of oxalate on Fe(III) reduction by Shewanella and to carbon steel corrosion under anaerobic conditions was evaluated. Results show oxalic acid increases the dissolved ferric concentration, which can be used by Shewanella as a terminal electron acceptor, even though oxalate passivates the steel surface, decreasing the abiotic corrosion rate. Return to Session 7 Return to Overall Schedule (17) NICKEL/TITANIUM DUAL CATALYTIC CROSS-COUPLING OF NITRILES WITH ORGANOHALIDES. nitroalkan Dual catalytic reactions enable bond formations that may otherwise be difficult or not possible by traditional methods. An area of dual catalysis that has the potential to be a powerful new strategy to bond formation would be the cross-coupling of carbon radicals. Radicals are reactive intermediates that have demonstrated high functional group compatibility with fast reaction times under mild conditions. Nickel catalysts have the unique ability to readily undergo single electron adjustments to its oxidation state, which enable nickel to trap radical intermediates. We will discuss our progress in developing a cross-coupling method between nitriles and organohalides. Under this Ti/Ni dual catalytic method an imidoyl radical is catalytically generated from a titanium(III) catalyst and a nitrile, which is trapped and cross-

coupled with a nickel catalyst. Through this approach we have been able to access ketones and α,α-disubstituted primary amines. The method is quit general cross-coupling a broad range of aliphatic and aromatic nitriles and organohalides. Return to Session 1 Return to Overall Schedule (18) FLUORESCENT PROBE CHARARACTERIZATION OF MECHANICALLY TRAUMATIZED ERYTHROCYTES. James P. Buerck, Dimitrios V. Papavassiliou, Trevor Snyder*, David W. Schmidtke**, Edgar A. O’Rear, The University of Oklahoma, * VADovations, ** The University of Texas at Dallas Ventricular assist devices (VADs) are commonly prescribed to patients with heart failure. Therapeutic intervention with VADs affects physiology and puts non-characteristic stresses on blood flow, which can be detrimental to their routine function. Flow cytometry can be used to detect subtle damage to red blood cells (RBCs) below the threshold for hemolysis. We hypothesized that membrane alterations induced by shear exposure might be similar to those observed in senescent cells, where oxidative damage causes aggregation of the transmembrane protein Band 3, and binding of IgG. RBCs with adhered IgG are subsequently eliminated from the circulatory system. We have found a higher

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percentage of RBCs exhibiting IgG presence (p<0.05), following millisecond exposure to a high shear stress environment using fluorescently labeled antibody and microfluidic devices. The extent of binding increased with shear stress magnitude and exposure time. This approach offers a method to improve future VAD designs by identifying flow conditions causing sublethal RBC damage. Return to Morning Posters Return to Overall Schedule (19) Polyurethanes Foams/Cast Sheets using Polyols from Agro-Cultivable Resources. Sanket Bhoyate, C. Zhang, M. Ionescu, X. Wan, P. K. Kahol, Ram K. Gupta; Pittsburg State University Soybean, castor and orange oil are among large scale cultivable agro-products. Polyols synthesized from these materials shows an industrially productive pathway for synthesizing polyurethane foams. One step synthesis of polyols allures the bio-market due to facile methodology; ensuring reliable and consistent quality. Present work shows use of synthesized polyols in developing polyurethane foams as well as cast sheets. FTIR spectroscopy confirms that the desired structure for polyols was obtained without any side reactions. GPC shows narrow molecular weight distribution for the obtained polyols. Cast Sheets were produced using die casting technique was further analyzed using thermo gravimetric analysis, tensile strength and hardness test. Moreover, foams were grown via chemical polymerization using different formulations of polyols with diphenylmethane diisocyanate. TGA result shows high thermal stability of the foam material until 200oC. It was observed that, polyurethanes from all mercaptenized polyols displayed ultimate tensile stress around 25 MPa. Similarly, foams were thoroughly analyzed using various thermo-mechanical testing techniques. Thus, from the obtained results it can be affirmed that these bio-polyurethanes has good thermal and mechanical properties. Study helps in understanding the better productive and qualitative pathway for polyurethane production, along with its application. Return to Afternoon Posters Return to Overall Schedule (20) WITHDRAWN (21) WITHDRAWN (22) Analysis of Phthalate Esters in Infant Formula. Blake Young, John Bowen; University of Central Oklahoma Phthalate esters, are common plasticizers that leach out of plastic containers. They have been suspected of being endocrine disruptors that mimic estrogen in fetuses, and neonates. In this study, we quantitate the amount of these compounds in commercial infant formula using solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Return to Morning Posters Return to Overall Schedule (23) Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds From Crumb Rubber from Athletic Fields. Dillon Hart, John Bowen; University of Central Oklahoma Under heat, crumb rubber used in sports fields has been found to emit some volatile organic compounds and particulates that could potentially be harmful to players. In this study, we investigate the identity of compounds that are emitted from samples of crumb rubber, and will attempt to quantitate them using solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography mass spectrometry using a gas phase internal standard. Return to Morning Posters Return to Overall Schedule (24) Quantitation of Proteins Using Surface Plasmon Resonance Spectroscopy. Dana Horne, John Bowen; University of Central Oklahoma Quantitation of antibodies and antigens was accomplished using a commercial surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectrometer. We used BSA and anti-BSA as the test proteins, and will hope to then quantitate the amount of EHDV and Blue Tongue Virus antibodies and antigens. (25) Determination of Nickel Tetracarbonyl in Vapor from an Artificial Cigarette Device. Morgan Black, John Bowen; University of Central Oklahoma

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A commercial “Vape” Device was used to produce vapor that was captured in traps containing various organic compounds. The organic solutions were concentrated and analyzed using GC MS, FTIR and Flame Atomic Absorption. (26) Analysis of Crematorium Stack Gasses, a Class Project for Advanced Instrumental Analysis. Cierra Allen, Allison Arnold, Johnnie Bennett, Morgan Black, Megan Brown, Garrett Dressler, Bethany Harman, Haley Harris, Dana Horne, Devon Legaard, Jonathan Pope, Jay Ross, John Fretch, John Bowen; University of Central Oklahoma Stack gasses, at present, are not regulated by the EPA, but may be in the future. It is of interest to the funeral service industry that they know from independent sources what compounds are found to survive the high temperatures generated in crematorium burns. In an innovative research oriented class study, devices were invented by the UCO Advanced Instrumental Analysis class to monitor stack gasses from crematoria. The gasses were collected on an EPA approved polyurethane filter (PUF) and extracted using a soxhlet extractor using toluene, concentrated, then analyzed using GC MS. Return to Morning Posters Return to Overall Schedule (27) IDENTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT OF NOVEL BONE MORPHOGENIC PROTEIN RECEPTOR BINDING PEPTIDES IN OSTEOBLAST DIFFERENTIATION SIGNALING PATHWAY. Kegan Sunderland; University of Oklahoma I have discovered the short, 12-mer peptide sequences TAKYLPMRPGPL, VHVPLHRGAVSA, and RDYHPRDHTATW through a selective process called biopanning. These 12-mer peptides have been shown to bind the bone morphogenic protein (BMP) receptors on live cells by immunofluorescence and bind the BMP receptors in an ELISA when genetically displayed on the p3 coat protein of M13 bacteriophage. In addition, the peptides were genetically displayed on the p8 (~2700 copies) coat protein of M13 bacteriophage to greatly increase the number of copies available for binding relative to the p3 (5 copies) coat protein. These newly engineered phages were incorporated into phage films having aligned ridge groove surface topographies. Human mesenchymal stem cells cultured on these films demonstrated varying levels of differentiation into osteoblast cells according to the peptide displayed as well as the concentration of the peptide. This work demonstrates great potential for use in human bone tissue regeneration. Return to Morning Posters Return to Overall Schedule (28) LOCAL DYNAMICS AND DISORDER OF THE TERMINAL METHYL GROUPS IN N-ALKANETHIOL SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS ON AU(111): A MOLECULAR DYNAMICS STUDY. Soumya Bhattacharya, Liangliang Huang, Lloyd Bumm; University of Oklahoma The recent development in the STM image analysis by our group reveals a richer detail of the 4 molecules basis surface structure of n-alkanethiol SAMs on Au(111). Although the position of both the methylene backbone and the terminal methyl groups are highly restricted by the SAM lattice, we experimentally observe an apparent anisotropic probability distribution of the chain termini within their respective lattice sites. In our present work, molecular dynamics has been used to study the configuration of the chain termini of n-alkanethiol SAMs in comparison with the corresponding STM images of SAM-air interface. For our model of the SAM surface, a systematic study has been carried out with different forcefields and initial configurations. The dynamical data is taken over 100 nsec after a brief relaxation for about 10 nsec under canonical ensemble. We fix the sulfur atoms to the fcc three-fold hollow sites of Au(111) and focus our analysis on the dynamics and disorder of the alkyl chain termini, quantified using the statistics of the methyl group trajectory, orientation of the terminal C–C bond, chain twist angle, gauche fraction, an radial distribution function. Along with the dynamics of the terminal group, we have also studied the tilt and twist angle of the backbone, density profile along the surface normal, and the rotational dynamics. Our systematic study of the molecular models confirms a strong dependence of the surface structure, such as spontaneous domain formation and chiral boundaries, on the initial twist angles. The simplicity of the current system allows us to extend the calculation over different terminal groups, different substrates and system with mixture of different alkanethiol molecules. Return to Session 6 Return to Overall Schedule

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(29) Cost Effective Synthesis of Carbon Coated MoS2 for Supercapacitor Application. Z Wang, P. K. Kahol, Ram K. Gupta; Pittsburg State University Due to the increasing concerns about the environment protection and limited fossil stock, it is time to develop materials from renewable resources for energy generation and storage. Among various energy devices, batteries, fuel cells and capacitors are most attractive. Capacitors provide high power density whereas batteries deliver high energy density. Supercapacitors serve as a bridge between the capacitors and batteries. Various materials such as metal oxides, conducting polymers and carbons from various sources have been used for these applications. However, most of these materials often suffer from low capacitance and high cost, so in this work, we attempted to synthesized carbonized nitrogen doped MoS2 microsphere for supercapacitor applications. The electrochemical properties of the synthesized MoS2 material were studied using cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge methods. It was observed that synthesized MoS2 showed a specific capacitance of 299 F/g in 3M KOH at scan rate of 1 mV/s. Our studies indicate that this facile method could be used for the synthesis of nanostructured MoS2 for energy storage applications. Return to Morning Posters Return to Overall Schedule (30) Facile synthesis and characterization of graphene nanoribbons/polypyrrole nanocomposite. Johara Al Dream, P.K. Kahol, Ram K. Gupta; Pittsburg State University Among various forms of carbon, carbon nanotubes and graphene have attracted considerable research attention due to their high thermal stability, high mechanical strength and electrical conduction. These properties largely depend on synthesis procedure. In this work, we synthesized nanoribbons of graphene using carbon nanotubes for nanocomposites with polypyrrole. Chemical oxidation was used to unzip the carbon nanotubes. These nanoribbons of graphene were used to fabricate nanocomposites with polypyrrole (PPy-GNR). The synthesized nanocomposites were structurally and electrochemically characterized. Using scanning electron microscopy, it was discovered that the nanocomposites are made of nanoparticles of polypyrrole. The large number of pores were observed in the nanocomposites. PPy-GNR has higher surface area compared with PPy which improves the charge storage capacity of the nanocomposites. The electrochemical characterizations of these nanocomposites was carried out using cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge measurements. A maximum specific capacitance of 2066 F/g was observed in 3M KOH solution for the nanocomposites. The specific capacitance of electrodes was observed to decrease with increasing current density and scan rates. The electrochemical results suggest that nanocomposites could be used as an electrode material for fabrication of high capacity supercapacitors. Finally, this study can be extended to the self-assembly of other conducting polymer and graphene nanoribbons through simple route for different applications. Return to Morning Posters Return to Overall Schedule (31) Synthesis and Studies of Napthaquinone and Anthraquinone derived Iridium Pincer Catalysts. A.K.Fazlur Rahman*, Miles Wilko-Marnell, William D Jones; Oklahoma School of Science and Mathematics, * also University of Rochester, Rochester, NY This presentation describes the synthesis a series of new phosphine ligands (tBu2PAQ, t-BuPNQ, tBu2PCH2AQ). Reactions of these ligands with [Ir(COD)Cl]2 in boiling toluene resulted in the formation of corresponding pincer catalysts via C-H bond activation observed by NMR spectroscopy. Preliminary test of these catalysts for the conversion of ethanol to butanol have been conducted. Results of the Catalytic reactions of these new pincer complexes to convert ethanol to butanol will be discussed during the presentation. Return to Session 2 Return to Overall Schedule (32) Why Isn’t Silicon the Basis Of Life? Angela Zhu, Kirtana Kumar, A.K.Fazlur Rahman, Oklahoma School of Science and Mathematics Carbon and Silicon belongs to group 14 in the periodic table. Carbon is known as the building-block of life, and it has many characteristics that enable it as a strong backbone for all living creatures. Carbon’s four valence-bond arrangement enables it to create a wide variety of branched structure and complex molecules. Carbon forms long hydrocarbon chains used to create lipid membranes, easily reacts with oxygen for respiration, and has the greatest bond strengths of any

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element. Silicon shares multiple chemical similarities with carbon that has raised a simple question: can silicon based-life exist as well? Return to Afternoon Posters Return to Overall Schedule (33) How many Bonds Carbon can Have: Two? Four? Or Six? Michael Lee, Aniket Dehadrai, Omar Khan, A.K.Fazlur Rahman, Oklahoma School of Science and Mathematics As a student of Organic chemistry we are confronted with the challenge that Carbon preferentially make four bondsrather than two bonds as CH2 (a methylene ) molecule does not exist. Carbon monoxide although could be attributed to two bonds is also inherently unstable. One of the major breakthroughs in Carbon chemistry was given by Vant Hoff where he explained not only carbon makes four bonds but it adopts a tetrahedral geometry. In a SN2 mechanism we provide explanation that carbon makes a transient five coordinate geometry without much sufficient ground! This presentation shares the elusive story of hexavalent carbon with a crystal structure of hexamethylbenzene dication, confirming its nonclassical structure from the literature. Return to Afternoon Posters Return to Overall Schedule

(34) Quantum-Mechanical Calculations for Chemical Bonding and Electronic Structures of Hexagonal Ice. George Wang, A.K Fazlur Rahman, Bin Wang*; Oklahoma School of Science and Mathematics, *University of Oklahoma Water plays a significant role in various chemical reactions. When liquid water is cooled below 0 °C under standard pressure, it transits to the Ih phase of solid water (ice Ih). Understanding the atomic structure and properties of the ice Ih

is valuable to reveal the mechanism of the water phase transition. Here, we use ab initio quantum mechanical calculations based on density functional theory to study atomic structure, chemical bonding, and electronic structure of the Ih phase of solid water. Calculations show that the bond lengths of the covalent O-H bond and the intermolecular hydrogen bond in ice Ih are 1.00 Å and 1.75 Å, respectively, in good agreement with experimental data. Results of the electronic density of states demonstrate that there is a large energy gap between the highest occupied electronic state and the lowest unoccupied state, indicating that the pure ice Ih is an ideal insulator, consistent with experimental observations. Return to Afternoon Posters Return to Overall Schedule

(35) What is Autophagy : An effort to the Understanding the Mechanisms in Our Cells. Mansi Gattani and Sneha

Patel, A.K.Fazlur Rahman, Oklahoma School of Science and Mathematics

The biological process known as autophagy plays a key role in your body’s ability to detoxify, repair, and regenerate itself. Although, this process has been known for over 50 years but its fundamental importance in physiology and medicine was not recognized until Yoshinori Ohsumi was awarded Nobel Prize medicine in 2016. For decades, Dementia, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s have become common diseases that remain without a cure. However, with Yoshinori Ohsumi’s research and discovery of the mechanism of autophagy, there is hope for a cure. Autophagy, literally meaning “sell-eating”, allows cells to breakdown and reuse cellular debris. In this literature study, we will present the history, mechanism, and consequences of autophagy, both within the human body and in other animals. Return to Afternoon Posters Return to Overall Schedule (36) A Bio-chemical Story of Tamoxifen, A Breast-Cancer Drug. Keirah Jefferson, Josephine Hriscu, A.K.Fazlur Rahman, Oklahoma School of Science and Mathematics This presentation discusses the drug Tamoxifen, which is used to treat and prevent breast cancer. Knowledge about Tamoxifen was obtained by compiling biomedical research papers as well as chemical resources from textbooks and websites. First, the history of the usage of Tamoxifen will be recounted. Secondly, some biochemical points on the structure and mechanism of action for Tamoxifen will be made. Finally, the remaining current knowledge and scholarly discourse about Tamoxifen, such as possible side effects, will be discussed. Return to Afternoon Posters Return to Overall Schedule (37) STM TUNNELING CURRENT MEASUREMENT VIA LOW-NOISE FPGA-CONTROLLED SWITCHED INTEGRATOR. ganew

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The Bumm group uses a Scanning-Tunneling Microscope (STM) to study monolayers of insulating molecules. In these studies, it is advantageous to use the smallest tunneling current possible. The practical lowest limit is determined by the noise level of the current amplifier. Our present amplifier (a transimpedance amplifier with a gain of 1011 V/A) is routinely measuring a 1 pA tunneling current with an rms noise of ~0.05 pA (DC-2 kHz). The transimpedance amplifier design suffers from instability at high gain, which would make developing a higher gain amplifier difficult. An alternate current amplifier design, a switched integrator, does not suffer from the same instability problem, but is more complex, requiring a periodic reset and the differentiation of its output. We are exploring the application of a field programmable gate array (FPGA) as a real-time controller to perform these functions. As a further improvement, we plan to implement Digital Signal Processing (DSP) algorithms in real time within the controller to aid in noise removal. We aim to develop the controls necessary for a high-gain switched integrator for use with our STM, and in turn make it possible to decrease the tunneling current required to produce images by an order of magnitude. We will further discuss our methodologies for implementing an FPGA-controlled switched integrator into our STM, and report on our progress constructing this improvement. Return to Session 3 Return to Overall Schedule (38) The Four-Year Research Engagement (FYRE) Program at the University of Oklahoma: Integrating Research in Undergraduate Curriculum. Anthony W.G. Burgett, Alicia Burris, Ronald H. Halterman, Naga Rama Kothapalli; University of Oklahoma The Four-Year Research Engagement (FYRE) program has been developed to promote STEM undergraduate research at the University of Oklahoma (OU). The FYRE program is a multi-year program for students interested in a STEM career path and is in its first year of implementation. This program parallels and significantly adds to the course curriculum of OU STEM students with an emphasis in developing research skills in them. During this program, we expect a diverse population of students’ undergraduates including first-year, under-represented and transfer students to conduct semester-long, mentored primary research internships. The FYRE program is being built on the foundation of a very successful campus-wide first-year research experience, existing since 2012. The first-year research experience (FYRE1 program) allowed selected OU first-year students to conduct a mentored, semester-long experimental project in an OU research laboratory. In the second-year, we will further STEM development in students through a FYRE2 seminar course where the focus will on the role of science and technology to transform society and the world. During the third and fourth years (FYRE3 and FYRE4), the content of the seminar courses will emphasize tangibly important skills and content for a future in STEM. An example of a general-interest FYRE project designed as a gateway to laboratory research for non-science majors is the “Molecular Gastronomy of Coffee” project. This project emphasizes the application of molecular techniques to elucidate the chemical composition of flavor and is ideal in introducing freshmen students to bench-centered research. This project allows students as a group to investigate flavor aspects of coffee as a function of the storage time of roasted coffee beans, the degree of roast and brewing conditions. This project demonstrates a scalable program to engage students in meaningful chemical research that can readily incorporate independent inquiry. Return to Session 4 Return to Overall Schedule (39) Mechanism of yeast N-glycosylation: Structural characterization of Ost4p and its mutant. Bharat P Chaudhary, Oklahoma State University Oligosaccharyltransferase (OT), a multisubunit enzyme localized in the endoplasmic reticulum, catalyzes N-glycosylation of proteins. This process is an essential, highly conserved modification reaction that occurs in all eukaryotes and some prokaryotes. Complete loss of function of this enzyme is fatal for all organisms. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, OT is composed of nine non-identical membrane proteins. Among them, Ost4p is a very small subunit containing only 36 residues and single trans-membrane domain. This subunit is critical for the OT activity and the stability of Stt3p-Ost4p-Ost3p subcomplex. Any ionizable radiation of the residues from 18 to 24 results in the destabilization of the subcomplex and impaired cell growth and in vitro OT activity. Previous NMR study on this subunit in a suitable aqueous-organic solvent mixture reveals that the subunit forms a kinked helix and residues 18-24 form ridges to fit into the grooves of Stt3p and Ost3p. However, since there is still a debate over the use of a mixed solvent as a membrane mimetic system,

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here we are investigating the structure of Ost4p in a suitable detergent micelle. To complete the assignment and remove ambiguity of the assignment, we have overexpressed and purified around 4.8 mg of 15N, 13C-labeled Ost4p. From the 3D NMR experiments, we have assigned almost all of the protons of the recombinant peptide reconstituted in DPC micelle. We have calculated the preliminary structure of wildtype OST4p using NMR chemical shift. In addition, we have completed the backbone assignment of Ost4p(V23D), a critical mutant of Ost4p. Comparison of the NMR solution structure of this mutant protein to its wild-type counterpart should reveal how the mutation affects the overall structure of the protein, if any. Return to Morning Posters Return to Overall Schedule (40) STRUCTURE-FUNCTION STUDIES OF EUKARYOTIC OLIGOSACCHARYLTRANSFERASE. Salik Ram Dahal, Suman Mazumder, Smita Mohanty; Oklahoma State University Oligosaccharyltransferase(OST) is a multi-subunit, membrane-associated enzyme complex. It catalyzes the transfer of an oligosaccharide moiety onto a specific asparagine residue in a nascent polypeptide chain, in a process known as n-linked Glycosylation. This is an essential and highly conserved co- and post-translational modification that occurs in all three domains of life. It takes place in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Stt3p is the catalytic subunit of OST which is highly conserved in all eukaryotes. The STT3 gene was cloned into pPICZB plasmid and transformed into KM71H strain of pichia pastoris. The vector contains the alcohol oxidase gene promoter (AXO1), which under the induction of methanol allows for the expression of recombinant protein. Expression was confirmed with western blot. The purification optimization is under progress. The purified Stt3p protein will be reconstituted in membrane mimetic environment through screening of different lipid/detergent solutions. Ultimate goal is to get high-resolution three-dimensional structure through X-ray diffraction studies. Return to Afternoon Posters Return to Overall Schedule (41) PILOTING A FLIPPED FORMAT UPPER LEVEL CHEMISTRY COURSE. Joel T. Smith; Southeastern Oklahoma State University The flipped classroom is a pedagogical model in which the typical lecture and homework elements of a course are reversed. On the positive side, the flipped format shifts the lower level aspects of learning to the student to be acquired outside of the classroom. This allows class time to be used in higher level learning processes (application, analysis, and evaluation of concepts). In this presentation, the application of the flipped classroom for Analytical Chemistry (Quantitative Analysis) will be overviewed. The methods used for content delivery will be outlined and a synopsis of daily use of classroom time will be presented. The flipped format requires a significant commitment from the instructor to create the content video. The success of this pilot model are evaluated in terms of DFW rates, standardized exam performance, and student feedback on evaluation of instruction. Return to Session 4 Return to Overall Schedule (42) RATIONAL DESIGN OF THE CATHOD MATERILAS IN THE LITHIUM-SULFUR BATTERIES. Tong Mou, Bin Wang, University of Oklahoma Rational design of the sulfur electrode is essential to solve several practical problems in lithium–sulfur batteries. Great progress has been made by using carbon-based nanostructures for physically and chemically confining soluble polysulfide, however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here using density functional theory calculations, we show that the interfacial interaction between Li2S8 – a typical lithium polysulfide formed at the beginning of discharge – and the oxygen/nitrogen modified graphitic surface and edges. Our results indicate that N and O impurities play a significant role in chemically stabilizing lithium polysulfide, which are otherwise soluble, onto the carbon surface. In addition, we find that O and N functional groups can work synergistically by forming the N-C-O complex, which can enhance the interfacial binding. Moreover, we show that, by manipulating the wettability of the cathode surface, adsorption of the polysulfide and electronic conductivity can be controlled to improve the performance. Return to Session 6 Return to Overall Schedule

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(43) MONOLITHIC COLUMNS WITH INCORPORATED NANOPARTICLES. NISANSALA GANEWATTA, ZIAD EL RASSI; OKLAHOMA STATE UNIVERSITY Two approaches for incorporating nano-entities into monolithic columns were introduced in the aim of generating chromatographic stationary phases for HPLC and CEC. They involved (i) the preparation and evaluation of a neutral monolithic support coated with carbon nanotubes for the CEC separation in the RPC mode and for enantioseparation, and (ii) the incorporation of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in the same neutral monolithic support to obtain a metallic stationary phase for HPLC in hydrophilic interaction liquid interaction chromatography. Approach (i) involved the incorporation of hydroxyl functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes into polymethacrylate monolithic capillary columns prepared via the in situ polymerization of either glyceryl monomethacrylate (GMM) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EDMA) or glycidyl methacrylate and EDMA. In approach (ii), a polymethacrylate monolithic column was prepared via the in situ polymerization of GMM and EDMA. In both approaches, the high power sonication improved further the homogeneity of the monolith with incorporated nano-entities. Return to Session 3 Return to Overall Schedule (44) YOU ARE WHAT YOU EAT: A SUMMER ACADEMY FOR OKLAHOMA 8TH AND 9TH GRADERS. Charles Critell, Daniel McInnes; East Central University The You Are What You Eat Summer Academy served eighteen rising eighth and ninth graders from Oklahoma, with the primary goal of promoting an interest in science and scientific careers. Through fun, hands-on activities, the You Are What You Eat participants gained a sense of wonder and excitement for science as they focused on the three nutritional elements in the human diet: proteins, carbohydrates and lipids. Interacting with guests and taking field trips, they learned about the many opportunities available to those who pursue careers in science. While in residence on the East Central University campus, they gained a sense of confidence in their ability to thrive while living and learning in a college environment. Our main goal was that the participants of the You Are What You Eat Summer Academy gain confidence in their ability to attend and complete college. Return to Afternoon Posters Return to Overall Schedule (45) SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, AND PHOTOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF HYBRID N-HETEROCYCLIC CARBENE COMPLEXES OF COPPER. Matthew Bardeaux, Shepard Cockrell, Reza Latifi, Laleh Tahsini; Oklahoma State University Photoluminescent Cu(I) complexes have attracted a great deal of attention as inexpensive alternatives to the heavy metal-based light emitters. Despite the emissive properties comparable to those of third-raw transition metals and successful applications of luminescent Cu(I) complexes in various organic and biological sensors,2,3 the Cu-based materials have not been as well-developed as their third-row metal counterparts. Since the photoluminescent properties of transition metals is controlled by their electronic structures, it is of great relevance to obtain deeper knowledge of their chemical and photophysical properties in order to tune them in a more predictable manner. Recently, neutral three-coordinate Cu(I) complexes bearing monodentate N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands have been reported as moderate to efficient luminescent complexes in solution at room temperature. Herein, we report the synthesis of several air-stable Cu(I) complexes with hybrid coordination environments consisting of NHCs and highly conjugated diazodiene (mesBIAN, dipyridylamines, terpy, dpketone, and Phen) ligands. All the complexes were fully characterized by 1H NMR and elemental analysis and X-ray crystallography. We have also examined their electronic absorption and emission using UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. Return to Morning Posters Return to Overall Schedule (46) Electrochemical properties of copolymers from 3-phenyl[5]ferrocenophane or vinylferrocene with various N-substituted phenylmaleimides. Charles Ault, Charles J. Neef; Pittsburg State University

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Ferrocene containing polymers have stable redox properties which make them attractive for various applications such as biosensors, energy storage, and as catalyst. In our research group, we have focused on the electronic properties of copolymers containing vinylferrocene or 3-phenyl[5]ferrocenophane-1,5-dimethylene with N-ethyl or N-phenylmaleimides. These copolymers were electrochemically characterized by deposition onto a Pt electrode by oxidative deposition or cast film. The oxidation potentials of these materials were dependent on supporting electrolyte when using NaClO4, NaNO3 or phosphate buffered saline, varying from 0.46 to 0.53 for oxidative deposited films and 0.35 to 0.43 V for cast films. Also, multiple redox waves were observed in the cyclic voltammograms of these materials at a pH of 1. Molecular modeling showed a low energy conformation of the ferrocenophane polymers with the ferrocenyl moiety in close proximity to the maleimide. Return to Morning Posters Return to Overall Schedule (47) Electronic interaction in copolymers of vinylferrocene and vinylimidazole. Abdulrahman Alhathir, Charles J. Neef; Pittsburg State University Ferrocene containing polymers continue to receive considerable attention due to their well understood chemistry and stable redox responses. Of particular interest is their use as electrochemical detectors and devices. In our research group, we have focused on copolymers containing vinylferrocene and vinylimidazole and their interactions with various metals. Imidazole is well known to coordinate to various metals and these interactions may provide interesting electronic properties to the vinylferrocene / vinylimidazole copolymer. The synthesis of these materials is performed by free radical initiation at various ratios of vinylferrocene to vinylimidazole to obtain random copolymers and these copolymers were characterization by FTIR and NMR. Application of the polymers to an electrode was by solution casting from chloroform and air drying for about 10 minutes. Cyclic voltammetry in aqueous solution of NaClO4, Mg(ClO4)2, Zn(ClO4)2, Cd(ClO4)2 and Pb(ClO4)2 was performed and one oxidation wave was observe with sodium, magnesium and zinc perchlorates. However, with cadmium and lead salts, two oxidation waves were observed, indicating electronic interaction between the ferrocene and the imidazole moieties. In addition, the UV-VIS spectra of thins films exposed to the various salts showed absorbencies in the visible range which was also consistent with interactions between the ferrocene and imidazole moieties. Return to Morning Posters Return to Overall Schedule (48) The Use of Microwaves in Organic Chemistry Laboratory. April Miller, Miranda Fazzi, Charles J. Neef; Pittsburg State University Green chemistry has received considerable attention as an area of chemistry that focuses on chemicals and chemical processes to reduce their impact on the environment. Within this field is microwave chemistry. Microwave chemistry offers the advantages of fast heating and shorter reaction time; thus, improving energy cost. However, the cost of a chemical microwave is often cost prohibitive for smaller universities to introduce this technique in laboratories. To circumvent this problem, our lab has focused on experiments (Friedal Crafts Acylation and Esterificaion) which can be performed in commercially available microwaves. For Friedal Crafts Acylation, ferrocene was acetylated using acetic anhydride and a phosphoric acid catalyst. Reaction times and catalyst amount were varied to determine their effect on reaction yields. For the esterification reaction, salicylic acid was converted to aspirin using acetic anhydride with phosphoric acid as the catalyst. With the esterification reaction, yields were studied as the catalyst amount and reaction times were varied. For each reaction, the reaction times were less than five minutes and good yields were obtained. In addition, the shorter reaction times of the microwave reactions will provide students with a greater learning experience by allowing time for purification and analysis, since these are often limited in class due to time limits. Return to Afternoon Posters Return to Overall Schedule (49) NUCLEOPHILIC AROMATIC SUBSTITUTION OF PER- AND POLY-FLUOROARENES WITH NITROALKANES. Jon I. Day, Jimmie D. Weaver; Oklahoma State University Functionalized per- and poly-fluoroarenes are important building blocks, with many industrially and medicinally important molecules containing them. SNAr substitution can be employed as a quick and straightforward way to synthesize these building blocks. While many methods to derivatize fluoroarenes exist which use heteroatom centered

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nucleophiles, there are fewer methods that use carbon centered nucleophiles, and of those many are poorly defined. In this presentation, we will discuss the SNAr reaction of nucleophiles generated from nitroalkanes with a variety of fluorinated arenes. Given that the products are versatile, accessing polyfluorinated arene building blocks in substantial scale is important. This method is highly regioselective, and produces good to moderate yields on a large scale, sans chromatography, and thus fulfills this need. Return to Session 1 Return to Overall Schedule (50) ROLE OF ACIDIC RESIDUES IN C-TERMINUS TAIL OF ANTHERAEA POLYPHEMUS PBP1 IN LIGAND BINDING AND RELEASING. Suman Mazumder, Bharat Chaudhary, Salik Dahal, Smita Mohanty; Oklahoma State University Pheromone-binding proteins (PBPs) in moths transport the hydrophobic pheromone molecules to the membrane-bound receptors across the aqueous sensillar lymph. Moth PBPs undergo a pH-dependent conformational change with ligand binding at high pH and release at low pH. Two molecular switch are consider to play major role in this mechanism: (i) His70 and His95 at one end of binding pocket and (ii) the C-terminus of the protein on the other end of the pocket. We have previously reported involvement of the two histidine residues and C-terminus in the ligand binding and releasing mechanism for Antheraea polyphemus PBP1 (ApolPBP1). However, the details of the C-terminal switch are not known yet. The ApolPBP1 C-terminus consists of three charged residues (D132, E137 and E141). We have investigated the role of each acidic residue to gain insight into the pH-driven C-terminal switch of ApolPBP1. NMR characterization revealed that three single mutants (ApolPBP1D132N, ApolPBP1E17Q and ApolPBP1E141Q) and the double mutant ApolPBP1D132NE137Q behaved very similar to the wild-type protein. In contrast, the ApolPBP1E137QE141Q double mutant and ApolPBP1D132NE137QE141Q triple mutant remained in their ligand-bound conformations even in low pH. (51) Special Products of Amino Acid Anabolism and the Inborn Errors that Result. Marina E. Brown, Kyle Moore; Cameron University Special derivations of specific amino acid anabolism can potentially result in deleterious products harming afflicted individuals. Such products include porphryins that are then further synthesized into hemes. The breakdown of a heme yields bilirubin. It is when bilirubin is in excess that the liver is damaged and bilirubin accumulates within the body. Deregulation of key enzymes results in the buildup of δ-aminolevulinic acid (AmLev). Given an increased excretion of the products of porphyrin synthesis, a porphyria is formed. Porphyrias can be divided into three groups – the erythopoietic porphoryias, the hepatic porphyrias, and those with both hepatic and erythopoietic porphyrias. This poster will provide an overview of porphyrins and ultimately the inborn errors that result in disease. Return to Afternoon Posters Return to Overall Schedule (52) PHOTOCATALYTIC SYNTHESIS OF TRANS-CYCLOHEXENE AND TRANS-CYCLOHEPTENE. Erika Lopez Quiroz, Winston Trinh, Kamaljeet Singh; Oklahoma State University The existence of trans-cycloalkenes with less than twelve atoms is classically taught to be too strained to exist as long-lived, stable species. Herein, we present stereochemical evidence for the existence of trans-cyclohexene and trans-cycloheptene, which is synthesized using visible light and a photocatalyst. Importantly, we show that the generation of trans-cyclohexene allows us to easily access a class of oxobicylcic structures which is currently inaccessible via thermal methods. Meanwhile, trans-cycloheptene is less strained due to its larger size, and consequently, it has a longer life-time than trans¬-cyclohexene, so intermolecular reactions are more feasible. We have shown that this can provide facile access to tricyclodiols via a [2+2] dimerization of the corresponding cycloheptenol. The reaction takes place with a high level of stereo- and regioselectivity and gives a product, reminiscent of the chiral Taddol motif, which is used extensively in asymmetric chemistry as a chiral ligand. Return to Session 1 Return to Overall Schedule (53) METABOLIC PATHWAY AND INBORN ERRORS OF SUGAR METABOLISM IN HUMAN BODY. Sujana Rupakheti, Kyle Moore; Cameron University The set of highly integrated network of chemical reactions undergoing inside a living cell or organism that are necessary for the maintenance of life is defined as metabolism. Sugar (Carbohydrates) metabolism represents the different

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enzymatically catalyzed biochemical processes responsible for the synthesis, breakdown, and interconversion of sugar in living organisms. These metabolic processes produce energy required by our body to function properly. Some of the common sugar metabolic process are Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, Glycogenesis, and Glycogenolysis. This work presents the sample of inborn errors of metabolism connected to carbohydrate metabolism. Return to Afternoon Posters Return to Overall Schedule (54) SELECTIVE HALOGENATION OF PER- AND POLY-FLUOROARENES VIA SNAR CATALYSIS. Sameera Senaweera, Jimmie Weaver; Oklahoma State University Functionalized multifluoroarenes are valuable for numerous and diverse applications. C–F functionalization of per(poly)fluoroarenes is the most direct method to access such molecules. However, this is predicated on the ability to perform selective C–F functionalization. Traditional cross-coupling with aryl fluorides usually fails. However, chloroarenes are often viable partners in traditional cross-coupling reactions. However, in contrast to the availability of simple chloroarenes, the pre-requisite chlorofluoroarenes starting materials are rare, thus preventing their use as coupling partners. A close inspection of the syntheses of perfluoroarenes reveals that they are made by converting the corresponding perchloroarene to the perfluoroarene by what is known as the halogen-exchange (or Halex) process. We postulated that reversing this reaction could provide access to chlorofluoroarenes, via a retro-Halex process. Such transformations have been reported sporadically and are not well documented. Furthermore, they suffer from low yields, selectivity, and use high reaction temperatures. We posited that catalysis could help alleviate these problems and lead to a useful methodology. In this vein, we have developed a catalytic SNAr reaction with perfluoroarenes in the presence of a quaternary ammonium chloride as the catalyst and a chlorosilane as the chloride source. Ground state elevation of chloride, favorable π-π interactions, and electrostatic stabilization of Meissenheimer complex are crucial interactions that facilitate the reaction. We demonstrate the synthetic utility of the products by subjecting them to well-established cross coupling reactions. Return to Session 5 Return to Overall Schedule (55) FAT METABOLISM AND ASSOCIATED INBORN ERRORS. Lindsay Gladwell, Kyle Moore; Cameron University Fatty acids are an essential part of the body's metabolic processes. Fatty acids can be broken down as fuel or used to make a variety of compounds that the body needs, such as cell membranes, glycolipids, membrane proteins, and hormones. The catabolism, synthesis, and other metabolic pathways concerning fatty acids can sometimes have inborn errors which can lead to disease. For this poster, metabolic pathways associated with fatty acids are summarized, along with some of the inborn errors with these pathways. Return to Afternoon Posters Return to Overall Schedule (56) SELECTIVE PERFLUORO- AND POLYFLUOROARYLATION OF OXAZOLONES; SYNTHESIS OF POLYFLUORINATED α-AMINO ACIDS. Kip A. Teegardin, Jimmie Weaver; Oklahoma State University In this presentation we describe the monoselective per- and poly-fluoroarylation of oxazolones, an α-amino acid surrogate, which can be easily deprotonated and undergo nucleophilic addition to perfluorarenes leading to perfluoroarylated non-natural α-amino acids. The reaction takes place quickly and upon opening of the lactone, the α-N-benzoyl polyfluoroarylated amino acid products can be isolated without chromatography. Finally, we describe the deprotection and isolation of these fluoroarylated amino acids and also discuss their interesting chemical behavior. We also demonstrate a one-pot synthesis of medicinally applicable 2-aminohydantoins. Return to Session 5 Return to Overall Schedule

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(57) Synthesis of Azo Dyes Prepared from Diazonium Salts and Their Applications in Dye Sensitized Solar Cells. Emmanuel Ilondior, E. Ann Nalley; Cameron University Arenediazonium salts are generated by the reaction of a primary amine with nitrous acid (produced from sodium nitrite) as shown below. The aromatic amines (anilines) are generated by the reduction of the corresponding nitro compound, which is easily prepared via electrophilic nitration of the ring (see nitration of methyl benzoate). The diazonium salts are unstable at temperatures above 5 - 10°C and some explode if allowed to dry. The aliphatic counterpart can be prepared in the same way; however, even at low temperature it is more unstable and can spontaneously decompose by loss of nitrogen to produce carbocation. A useful reaction of diazonium ions is their use as electrophiles in electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. They will react with highly activated aromatic systems (phenols, arylamines) to yield azo compounds (diazo coupling reaction). Due to the extended system of delocalized pi electrons, azo compounds are usually colored and therefore have found use as dyes. In this presentation, the synthesis of several dyes will be described. These dyes were tested as possible photoreceptors in dye sensitized solar cells. The results of these tests will be discussed. Return to Afternoon Posters Return to Overall Schedule (58) STRAIN INDUCED COUPLINGS MEDIATED BY VISIBLE LIGHT. Kamaljeet Singh, Christopher Fennell, Evangelos Coutsias*, Reza Latifi, Steve Hartson, Jimmie Weaver; Oklahoma State University, *Stony Brook University Bioconjugation strategy has emerged as a powerful tool in labeling of biomolecules such as proteins, lipids, glycans and various other biomolecules. The Cu-catalyzed click reaction emerged as a benchmark in this field. However, due to cytotoxicity of Cu towards live cells, the practicality of click reaction has been limited. Since then, various strategies have been developed which utilized strain energy associated with the geometries of specific organic molecules which are distorted from ideal geometries. Owing to the fast kinetics and selectivity, various methodologies, such as strain promoted azide alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC), strain promoted alkyne nitrone cycloaddition (SPANC), strained alkene-azide reactions, photoclick cycloadditions, inverse-electron-demand Diels-Alder (IED-DA) reactions, were developed. But these methodologies are limited to the synthesis of starting strained molecules cyclooctynes or trans-cyclooctenes, which have very poor stability (particularly cyclooctynes). Herein a new approach towards this limitation is developed. Strained benzofused trans-cycloheptene was generated in situ and coupled with azides using Ir-based photocatalyst and is mediated by visible light. The reaction follows pseudo first order kinetics with a rate constant 0.0025 ± 0.0009 s-1 and a half-life of 4.6 min. Various azides are compatible under the reaction conditions yielding 58-90% of the 1,2 dihydrotriazole products. The reaction is accelerated by the presence of water which can be advantageous during labeling of proteins. This strategy eliminates the need for synthesis of strained molecules. This strategy was successfully applied to insulin biomolecule, which was modified with azido groups. The modified insulin was then exposed to the reaction conditions containing biotinylated benzocycloheptene, photocatalyst, visible light, and within 15 minutes the bioconjugation was complete. The ability to generate the strained molecule in situ has the potential to overcome some of the limitations of existing bioconjuagtion methodologies with regards to synthesizing and utilizing strained reactive molecules like cyclooctynes and trans-cyclooctenes which have very poor stability. Return to Session 5 Return to Overall Schedule (59) AMINO ACID CATABOLISM AND ASSOCIATED INBORN ERRORS. Brandon T. Schmidt, Kyle Moore; Cameron University Amino acids are typically used as the building blocks for the synthesis of proteins. However, when there are excess amino acids in the body, there must be a way to breakdown these extra amino acids. Although there are 20 amino acids in the body, the types of reactions involved in catabolizing them is relatively small and illustrates the simplicity of amino acid catabolism. The products of amino acid catabolism can feed into glucogenic and ketogenic pathways such as glycolysis and ketone body synthesis. However, when there are inborn errors of metabolism, this can lead to a disruption in the catabolism of amino acids and lead to pathological conditions such as mental retardation, seizures, ataxia, liver damage, or lack of muscle tone. Therefore, this poster outlines the catabolism of amino acids, the products that lead into other glucogenic and ketogenic pathways, and the associated inborn errors.

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Return to Afternoon Posters Return to Overall Schedule (60) SOLID STATE REACTIONS OF TITANIUM DIOXIDE WITH SILICA AND ALUMINA. Austin Walker, Dwight Myers, Chundira Brown; East Central University The extent of reaction of titanium dioxide (rutile) with silicon dioxide (β-cristobalite) has been studied at temperatures up to 1500°C. Conflicting reports have been made as to whether they react to form a binary titanium silicate or not, and at what temperatures. Both are important as potential thermal barrier coatings or environmental barrier coatings in combustion environments, as for example in gas turbine technologies. The extent of reaction and temperature range are important questions to answer for this chemical system. Solid state reactions of titanium dioxide with silicon dioxide are being attempted. Mixtures of the two oxides have been subjected to heatings at various temperatures from ca. 1200 - 1500°C. At temperatures up to ca. 1300°C the residues after the experiment appear to consist of only the two starting materials as discrete phases. Above 1300°C significant reaction with the alumina crucible is observed. Samples were characterized before and after heatings by means of X-ray diffraction and SEM/EDX. Results to date will be presented. Return to Morning Posters Return to Overall Schedule (61) ERRORS IN DETOXIFYING REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES AND ASSOCIATED DISEASES. Meagan E. Angiel, Kyle Moore; Cameron University Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are incomplete reductions of oxygen that are generated from the Electron Transport Chain all of the time when cells carry out cellular respiration, but different environmental conditions can accelerate their formation. Cells have methods to detoxify the ROS, like enzymes superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, but when there are mutations in detoxification enzymes, ROS can build up in the cell. When ROS build up and are not properly detoxified, they cause damage to cells and their DNA. This can lead to many different diseases, like cancer. In my poster, I will highlight some of the human diseases and cancers that can occur because of errors in detoxifying ROS. Return to Afternoon Posters Return to Overall Schedule (62) SEGMENTAL DYNAMICS OF POLY(STYRENE-STAT-METHYL METHACRYLATE-d3) IN BULK AND AT VERY SMALL ADSORBED AMOUNTS ON SILICA. Ugo Arua, Madhubhashini Arachchilage, Frank Blum; Oklahoma State University

Solid state deuterium NMR spectroscopy has been used to study the segmental dynamics of poly(styrene-stat-methyl methacrylate-d3) copolymers both in bulk and adsorbed on the surface of silica. Copolymers of different compositions were synthesized (from 100% to 10% methyl methacrylate-d3). Adsorbed copolymers at small adsorbed amounts (1 and 2 mg/m2) were prepared. Spectra were collected as a function of temperature and the effect of polymer composition and adsorbed amount was observed. Simulations of the line shapes of the resulting spectra were made based on the soccer ball (truncated icosahedron) model which is a good approximation of small angular jump motions, to categorize motions with fast, intermediate and slow jump rates. We find that, at small MMA contents and small adsorbed amounts, the MMA-d3 segments show a disproportionately more restricted dynamics. These results show how different mers in random copolymers may segregate at interfaces. Return to Session 8 Return to Overall Schedule (63) MAGNETITE APPLICATIONS IN ADSORPTION AND CATALYSIS. Jessica Vallier, Travis Vernier, Lisa Crow, Shawna York; Southern Nazarene University

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Return to Session 5 Return to Overall Schedule (64) ESTIMATION OF THE FREE ENERGY LANDSCAPE OF POLYMER COLLAPSE USING MOLECULAR DYNAMIC SIMULATIONS. Sherin S. Paranahewage, Christopher J. Fennell, Oklahoma State University Estimation of free energies of molecular processes using probability ratio methods via brute force sampling is straightforward, but it can have limitations. The key problem comes from insufficient sampling of rare event states due to their low probability of occurring with finite computational sampling. In this work, we explore the free energy of polymer collapse using an end-to-end distance umbrella sampling protocol and corresponding entropic considerations that re-weight the conformation distribution. With this approach we demonstrate how to view the collapse profile via both the end-to-end distance reaction coordinate and a recast profile that allows for a well resolved picture of polymer folding as a function of radius of gyration. Return to Afternoon Posters Return to Overall Schedule (65) PSMA-Receptor Targeting Translational Magnetic Nanoprobes: Novel Nanotheranostics for the Treatment of Prostate Carcinomas. Shuguftha Naz, Laci Hadorn, Tuhina Banerjee, Santimukul Santra, Pittsburg State University In this study, we have synthesized magnetic nanoparticles encapsulating Triptolide and Celastrol. Triptolide directly binds to the excision repair cross-complementation group 3 (ERCC3, also known as XPB), and inhibits its DNA-dependent ATPase activity, which leads to the inhibition of RNA polymerase II–mediated transcription and likely nucleotide excision repair. Celastrol has been identified as a novel inhibitor of HSP90 and displays anticancer activity by inducing the degradation of HSP90 client proteins, such as AKT, EGFR, CDKs, IAPs and p53, etc. The identification of XPB and HSP90 as the target of triptolide and celastrol respectively accounts for the majority of their known biological activities. Detail experimental results including cytotoxicity, targeted drug delivery, drug release studies, migration assay and HDAC assay will be discussed. Herein, we demonstrated that the combination of triptolide with celastrol had the synergistic anticancer effect in vitro, which might be due to their complementary anticancer molecular mechanisms. Return to Afternoon Posters Return to Overall Schedule (66) APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND AEROSPACE ENGINEERING ACADEMY FOR MIDDLE SCHOOL GIRLS, Tiffany Swinford, E. Ann Nalley, Mark Polson; Cameron University The Department of Chemistry, Physics & Engineering at Cameron University has hosted a summer science academies for middle school girls during past three summers. These academies entitled “Applied Mathematics and Aerospace Engineering for Middle School Girls” are 5 day residential academies which features participation by 12 middle school girls from Oklahoma. This academies includes an introduction to the principles of aerospace engineering and the mathematics which is required to understand these principles. The academies feature activities designed to attract the students to careers in science, mathematics and engineering. Activities included in the academies included an introduction to the physics of flight and the mathematics associated with flight, designing and building rockets, a trip to the science museum in Oklahoma City and Frontier City. This poster will provide an overview of these academies. Return to Afternoon Posters Return to Overall Schedule (67) COMPARISON OF MICROWAVE AND CLASSICAL ORGANIC SYNTHESES. Adewunmi Felicia Adebanjo, Staci Kirkpatrick, Sujana Rupakheti, Alex Rivas, E. Ann Nalley, Cameron University Allowing many chemical reactions to be completed within minutes, microwave heating has revolutionized preparative chemistry. As a result, this technology has been widely adopted in both academic and industrial laboratories. Integrating microwave-assisted chemistry into undergraduate laboratory courses enables students to perform a broader range of reactions in the allotted lab period. As a result, they can be introduced to chemistry that would otherwise have been inaccessible due to time constraints (for example, the need for an overnight reflux). A number of the chemical transformations use water as a solvent in lieu of classical organic solvents. This contributes to greener, more sustainable teaching strategies for faculty and students, while maintaining high reaction yields. The advantages inherent in microwave use make it ideal for the undergraduate laboratory. Although students are exposed to many different

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reactions in the classroom, many important organic reactions described in undergraduate textbooks are presently not included in the laboratory course owing to long reaction times, high temperatures, or sensitive reagents that present a potential danger to the students. In this poster, we will compare syntheses of organic compounds using both microwave heating and classical methods. Return to Afternoon Posters Return to Overall Schedule (68) Microwave Synthesis of Tetraphenylporphyrins and Tetraphenylporphyrin Derivatives. Cayla Caveny, Pasang Hyolmo, Elizabeth Ann Nalley; Cameron University In this experiment we used solventless reaction conditions—benzaldehyde and pyrole react with each other while adsorbed on solid support (silica gel). Microwave irradiation was used instead of thermal heating as a means of promoting the reaction between the two starting materials. When microwaves are used as an energy source the temperature increases rapidly because the entire sample is heated simultaneously. With conductive heating methods, the reaction vessel must first be heated and the energy transferred to the sample. Consequently reactions promoted by microwave irradiation can occur in a fraction of the time required for conventional heating methods. In this research we will discuss the synthesis of the tetraphenylporphyrins and how we were able to form metal complexes with transition metals. Return to Afternoon Posters Return to Overall Schedule (69) SYNTHESIS OF MALACHITE GREEN AND ITS APPLICATION IN SOLAR CELLS. James Lutz, E. Ann Nalley; Cameron University In this research a new synthesis of Malachite Green has been developed using microwave technology to prepare the dye. The procedure for synthesizing the dye and its application in a dye-sensitized solar cells will be discussed. These cells consist of titanium dioxide nanocrystals that are coated with light-absorbing dye molecules and immersed in an electrolyte solution, which is sandwiched between two glass plate Light striking the dye frees electrons and creates "holes"--the areas of positive charge that result when electrons are lost. The semiconducting titanium dioxide particles collect the electrons and transfer them to an external circuit, producing an electric current. The cells can be connected in series to produce cells with voltages as high as five volts which can be used to power a small motor. Return to Afternoon Posters Return to Overall Schedule (70) NANOEXPLORERS: A HIGH SUMMER SCIENCE ACADEMY, E. Ann Nalley, Mark Polson; Cameron University The Department of Chemistry, Physics and Engineering at Cameron University has hosted a summer science academy for high school students during the summers of 2010 through-2016. These academies known as, “NanoExplorers: A High School Summer Science Academy” are ten day residential academies where students live at Cameron for the two week period. In each academy there were 24 high school students from Oklahoma who participated in the program. These academies introduced students to those concepts necessary to understand why very small systems exhibit unique behavior. Activities were divided evenly between chemistry and physics activities and concepts. The academies featured activities designed to attract the students to careers in science, mathematics and engineering. These academies will be described in this presentation. Return to Session 4 Return to Overall Schedule (71) THE 2016 OKLAHOMA STEM COMPETITION ACADEMY: AN OVERNIGHT STEM COMPETITON FOR MIDDLE AND/OR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS. E. Ann Nalley, David Brown*; Cameron University, *University of Tulsa During the Summer of 2016, Cameron University, Oklahoma State University and the University of Tulsa hosted an Oklahoma STEM Competition Academy. The Academy was an overnight STEM competition for upper middle and high school students. This competition occurred at three universities during a 2-week period, with each university selecting 90 students from their region to participate. Once on campus, students were assigned to teams which competed in science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) challenges designed to promote exciting learning opportunities for the students. This was the first goal of the academy. The second goal was to provide a “real life” college experience for all participants, as they participated in the hands-on challenges in different facilities on campus, while being housed and fed in dorms and student cafeterias. Other objectives of this program were to increase STEM career awareness for all

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students in Oklahoma, especially underrepresented groups in the STEM field. This was accomplished through collaborative project design and integrating nature and environmental activities into the curriculum. At the end of each academy, the top students from the three universities were united at a central site for a final day of challenges. On the final day, the top STEM students in the state were identified. This presentation will provide an overview of the academy. Return to Session 4 Return to Overall Schedule (72) BIOGENIC METHANE PRODUCTION FROM COAL: OPTIMIZING THE USE OF OZONE FOR PRODUCING PARTIALLY-OXIDIZED SUBSTRATES FOR METHANOGENESIS. Donald Ryan, Yan Li, Mark Nanny, Renxing Liang, Joe Sulflita; University of Oklahoma Producing biogenic methane from coal may be a cleaner alternative for fossil fuels. However, coal is recalcitrant to microbial biodegradation and methanogensis due to condensed aromatic structures and alkyl heterogeneity. Therefore, soluble, partially-oxidized substrates were produced by reacting slurries of coal particles with ozone in batch reactors. After 17 hours, four examined coals produced dioic acids such as oxalic acid, as well as a darkly-colored, soluble product. The effluents of these ozonated samples yielded low amounts of methane after being inoculated with residual oil degrading consortium. The high concentration of oxalic acid may be problematic for efficient methanogenesis. In order to limit dioic acid production and optimize favorable substrate generation, a continual flow reactor was designed, using XAD-8 resin to capture the desired products during ozonolysis. The efficiency of these reactors was assessed by comparing the oxalic acid production, soluble products, and the chemical oxygen demand per mass of product. Return to Afternoon Posters Return to Overall Schedule (73) SATURATED BICARBONATE SOLUTION AS A CLASSROOM DEMONSTRATION OF LE CHATELIER’S PRINCIPLE. Ronald M. Bercaw, Stephen Prilliman; Oklahoma City University. Equilibrium and Le Chatelier’s principle are two of the more unintuitive subjects covered in a typical general chemistry course, yet classroom friendly demonstrations for the two subjects are sparse. To make matters worse, a significant portion of these demonstrations do not allow you to monitor the reaction as it’s happening, so the dynamic nature of Le Chatelier’s principle isn’t obvious to the students. Saturated bicarbonate solution creates carbon dioxide through a series of equilibrium reactions, so whenever carbon dioxide is removed or readded to the system, the students can see the pressure increase/decrease until the system reaches its Kp value. Additionally, because this system can be measured quantitatively and reaches a clear equilibrium value, the demonstration can help drive home the point that catalysts change the rate of reaction without altering the total thermodynamics of the reaction. Return to Afternoon Posters Return to Overall Schedule (74) TARGETED COMBINATION THERAPY OF PROSTATE CANCER. Tanuja Tummala, Shuguftha Naz, Tuhina Banerjee, Santimukul Santra; Pittsburg State University Prostate Cancer is the most common cancer among men and according to ACS 2016 statistics about 180,890 new cases appear and about 26,120 deaths occur. Nearly, 6 in 10 cases are diagnosed in men aged 50 or older and there are no often early symptoms. The treatment options includes surgery, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy and/or radiation and it can often be treated successfully. However, the poor management and overtreatment made it a continuous problem and ways to find better treatment option. Towards development of a précised medicine for advanced prostate cancer, we designed a magnetic nanoplatform which can integrate various key components such as drugs, imaging agents and targeting ligands enabling targeted delivery of drugs in high concentrations to tumor. Herein, we used a three drug combination of Oxaliplatin, Irinotecan and 5-Flurouracil which are already known to be effective in colorectal cancer and pancreatic cancer. The three drug combination encapsulated in folate conjugated magnetic nanoparticles had shown a tremendous effect of cell death via oxidative stress in LNCaP cells. Cytotoxic assay results revealed about 88% of tumor cells were killed within 24 h of incubation. Individual mechanisms of the drugs and their synergistic effect in the treatment will be discussed by relating with the optical microscopy and magnetic resonance imaging technologies. This study provides clinically actionable information that could impact treatment decisions for individuals with prostate cancer.

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Return to Afternoon Posters Return to Overall Schedule (75) COMPARISON OF FUNCTIONALIZED ELECTRODES TOWARD REDUCTION OF OXYGEN. Asantha C. Dharmaratne, James Moulton*, Sadagopan Krishnan; Oklahoma State University, *Missouri Southern State University Recent reports have shown the importance of enzyme-mediated electrocatalysis in fine and specialty chemicals synthesis and for biological fuel cell applications. Wiring enzymes on electrodes, could offer high catalytic turnover, exceptional kinetics and substrate selectivity towards the catalytic process. Here we focus on studying the prominent biological fuel cell cathodic reaction of four-electron O2 reduction to water by bilirubin oxidase (BOD) on a nanostructure-modified electrode. Covalent immobilization of BOD on 1-pyrenebutanoic acid stacked multiwalled carbon nanotubes modified electrodes (MWNT/Py-BOD) has shown a significantly improved catalytic current density compared to control electrodes. The large surface area and conductive properties of MWNT have facilitated the directed high-density immobilization of enzyme molecules via Pyrene linkers. Thus, understanding subtle differences of nanostructure functionalization is significant in the design of enzyme bioelectrodes useful for electrocatalytic and fuel cell applications. Return to Session 3 Return to Overall Schedule (76) PHOTOCATALYTIC GENERATION OF 2-AZOLYL RADICALS: INTERMEDIATES FOR THE AZOLYLATION OF ARENES AND HETEROARENES VIA C–H FUNCTIONALIZATION. Amandeep Arora, Jimmie D. Weaver; Oklahoma State University The 2-azolyl radical, generated from 2-bromoazoles via photocatalysis, is a powerful intermediate for the intermolecular arylation of unmodified (hetero)arenes. Herein we report a photoredox catalyzed coupling reaction of an unfunctionalized arene-H and 2-bromoazoles mediated by visible light and photocatalyst, fac-Ir(ppy)3. The method provides rapid access to several medicinal and biological active motifs. This simple and novel method has broad substrate scope, excellent functional group compatibility, and high yields. This method has been found to work effectively for the functionalization of a number of derivatives of the 2-bromoazoles including thiazoles, imidazoles, and oxazoles. In addition to benzene derivatives, the method also works for a variety of heterocycles, including N-and S-heterocycles as the C–H partner. The reaction is thought to proceed via a radical addition to the arene-H followed by oxidation and rearomatization. In an unusual fashion, addition to basic heterocycles occurs with anti-Minisci selectivity because of the reaction conditions, which are slightly basic rather than the traditional acidic conditions of the Minisci reaction. Return to Session 5 Return to Overall Schedule (77) PRESURE INDUCED CHANGES IN CONDUCTANCE VALUES FOR FIVE LITHIUM CONTAINING CERAMICS RESULTING FROM REDUCTION IN GRAIN BOUNDARIES. John Ostrander, Carolyn Torres, Dale Teeters; University of Tulsa Interest in lithium ion batteries has been a focus of development for over 20 years. This work involves the analysis of LATP(Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3), LLTO(Li5 La3 Ta2O12), LLT(Li0.33 La0.55 TiO3), LAGP(Li1.5 Al 0.5 Ge1.5P3O12) and LLZO (Li7 La3 Zr2 O12) ceramic powders for potential candidates in solid state batteries. The response of conductivity versus pressure in an insulated vessel is measured using impedance spectroscopy. By subjecting the samples to incrementally increasing pressure we can increase surface – surface contact, and minimize grain boundary resistance. Considering the unconsolidated powder with maximum grain boundary conditions and a solid annealed sample under pressure we investigate in situ what could be considered as intermediate conditions between unconsolidated and crystalline material. Scanning electron microscopy, XRD, ATR FTIR are utilized to monitor structural or chemical changes in heated powders, and untreated powders. Return to Session 2 Return to Overall Schedule (78) ENHANCED SENSITIVITY FOR DETECTION OF BIOMARKERS WITH COVALENT AND NONCOVALENT CARBOXYLATION OF CARBON NANOTUBES. Jinesh Niroula, Gayan Premaratne, S. Ali Shojaee, Don A. Lucca, Sadagopan Krishnan; Oklahoma State University Carbon nanotubes play a significant role in the field of sensors due to their large surface area, conductivity, and ability to undergo numerous surface modifications. In this study, we combined covalent and noncovalent carboxylation of nanotubes by π-π stacking 1-pyrenebutyric acid over carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes on gold screen printed

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electrodes. This allowed the covalent immobilization of monoclonal insulin-antibody and detection of serum insulin captured by horseradish peroxidase-labeled second insulin-antibody attached to magnetic nanoparticles. Amperometric responses were linear from 2 to 125 pM serum insulin concentrations when a solution of 1 mM hydroquinone and 0.5 mM H2O2 in phosphate buffered saline (pH 7.4) was flown over the sensor surface at an applied constant potential of -0.1 V. This strategy provided a low detection limit of 1.35 pM insulin spiked in 5% human serum and nearly a 3-fold increase in the sensitivity compared to carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes alone. Return to Session 3 Return to Overall Schedule (79) SURFACE PATTERNED POLY(HEMA-CO-DMAEMA) HYDROGELS – FABRICATION, CHARACTERIZATION, AND SWELLING BEHAVIOR. Hasani G Jayasinghe, Christian J Thomas, Sundar Madihally, Yolanda Vasquez; Oklahoma State University Hydrogels are cross-linked polymers which have a broad range of applications in the biomedical field as delivery systems, scaffolds, sensors, and actuators. The three-dimensional network structure of the hydrogels enables the extensive absorption of water without dissolving and, interestingly, the polymer network expands or swells when immersed in a solvent. The properties of the hydrogel can be tailored, without altering the chemical composition, by means of patterning the surface with microscale features such as micropillars. In this study, we have fabricated poly(HEMA-co-DMAEMA) [poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethylmethacrylate)] hydrogels patterned with micropillars of different heights. We demonstrate that the swelling of the hydrogel can be exploited to successfully transfer the micropattern onto the hydrogel. The swelling of the hydrogel depends on, most importantly, the interaction between the polymer and the solvent, solubility parameter, and the cross-linking density. We have investigated the swelling behavior of the poly(HEMA-co-DMAEMA) hydrogel in different solvents and determined the solubility parameter and cross-linking density. Return to Afternoon Posters Return to Overall Schedule (80) EVALUATION OF DEFECTS PRESENT IN THE INVERSE OPAL FILMS (IOFS) PRODUCED BY CO-ASSEMBLY TECHNIQUE. Ujith SK Madduma-Bandarage, Yolanda Vasquez; Oklahoma State University Inverse opal films (IOFs) are a group of periodic structures which reflect the specific wavelengths of visible light. The fabrication of IOFs with a good quality is important to reflect the selective wavelengths, however, is challenging due to the presence of defects in the resultant films. Co-assembly technique is a competitive and convenient method that produces IOFs with minimal defects. In this method, the self-assembly of the template colloidal film and the filling of interstitial sites with a sol-gel precursor occur simultaneously leading to a significant decrease of defects. In this study we have fabricated silica-based IOFs by co-assembly technique and evaluated the defects in the final films using SEM images. Our results show that there are two main types of defects, as major and minor, which can be further divided into various sub-categories. Furthermore, we have studied the effect of colloids and the sol-gel precursor towards the formation of defects. Return to Morning Posters Return to Overall Schedule (81) VERSATILE ACTIVATION OF N-X REAGENTS USING ORGANIC DYES UNDER VISIBLE-LIGHT PHOTOCATALYTIC CONDITIONS. Angus A. Lamar, David A. Rogers, Adam T. Bensalah, John L. Hoerr, Roxanne G. Brown, University of Tulsa Visible-light photoredox catalysis has recently become an incredibly powerful method for the generation of reactive radical species. Commonly employed transition-metal catalysts (Ru and Ir) are relatively expensive and mildly toxic. Very recently, select organic dyes were shown to exhibit similar (and in some cases superior) activity as photoredox catalysts. These organic dyes are drastically less expensive but currently underutilized. A complete screening of 80-90 organic dyes for N-X bond activation in our research group has resulted in the discovery of unique, versatile reactivity utilizing a dye that has yet to be reported, or even tested, as a visible-light photocatalyst. Our recent results regarding the formation of carbon-nitrogen (C-N) bonds as well as carbon-halogen (C-X) bonds from hydrocarbon arenes and electrophilic N-X reagents will be presented. Return to Session 5 Return to Overall Schedule (82) DETERMINATION OF BRONSTED SITE ACIDITY AND DEFECT LEVELS IN ZEOLITE. Michael Zeets, Bin Wang; University of Oklahoma

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The adjustable active sites in zeolites and well-defined pore structure allows for highly reaction-specific catalysis. Location and density of Bronsted acid sites in the zeolite framework is shown to highly impact the reaction activity. Here using density functional theory calculations, we investigate the effect of location and density of Bronsted acid sites on the electronic structure of zeolite. We further correlate the electronic properties with the adsorption energy of reactants, through which we propose to use the position of defect levels to predict the reaction activity. This study is focused on ZSM-5 in particular but can be extended to many different zeolites for a greater control of performance. Return to Session 6 Return to Overall Schedule (83) EC-STM INVESTIGATION OF THE MULTIPLE MECHANISMS FOR THE UNDERPOTENTIAL DEPOSITION OF AG ON AU(111). Jesse A. Phillips, Lauren E Jackson, Heather R Morgan, Greg H Jones, Gabriel LeBlanc, Erin V Iski; University of Tulsa In previous research completed by Iski et al.1, it was found that through specific electrochemical methods, a silver (Ag) monolayer could be formed on a Au(111) surface in a chloride-rich solution. The electrochemical method used was under potential deposition (UPD) and reduced Ag+ to the surface. In the previous study, one specific UPD peak was investigated. Through a detailed electrochemical study, we have found that the UPD of Ag on the Au(111) surface can in fact occur at two different underpotentials. The atomic structure of these films can be studied with electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy (EC-STM), which not only allows for atomic-scale imaging of the surface layer within an electrochemical environment, but also facilitates the taking of cyclic voltammograms (CVs), which can be used to examine the redox behavior of the systems. Through this electrochemical manipulation, a new secondary mechanism for the reduction of Ag+ to the surface as a solvated AgCl unit (AgCl + e- ⇋ Ag0 + Cl-) rather than a bare Ag+ ion (Ag+ + e- ⇋ Ag0) is proposed. Despite many studies on these types of surface layers2, very few publications have directly studied the UPD of Ag on Au(111) at various underpotentials. Through the use of STM imaging, the newly modified surface could be imaged and the structure of the Ag monolayer investigated under a liquid layer while holding various voltages. Preliminary STM evidence shows that the amount of Ag on the surface is the same regardless of the underpotential used. Further electrochemical studies into these Ag monolayers are being conducted in an attempt to better understand the properties of these surfaces and the exact nature of the redox chemistry occurring at the relevant potentials. Using EC-STM, we plan to study these two underpotential systems and determine how the different deposition mechanisms affect the physical properties of the bulk system. [1] Iski, E. V. et al. Electrochimica Acta 2011, 56 (3), 1652–1661. [2] Michalitsch, R.; Laibinis, P. E. Angewandte Chemie International Edition 2001, 40 (5), 941–94. Return to Session 3 Return to Overall Schedule (84) TACKLING INFESTATION OF ASIAN CORN BORER. Matthew Bamidele, Martha Essandoh, Suman Mazumder, Smita Mohanty; Oklahoma State University Asian corn borer (ACB), is an economically important insect pest of corn and other crops. Asian Corn borer, ACB, accounts for 6 to 9 million ton of corn loss in an average year in China and other countries. Its close relative European corn borer that was introduced into the United States in the 1900s account for 20% of yield loss in North America with damages estimated to exceed US $1 billion annually. The most effective control will target the reproduction of this prolific moth. Reproduction in ACB and other Lepidopteran moths starts with the detection of species-specific pheromones produced by female moth by pheromone binding protein (PBP) present in the antennae of the male moth. Among the five PBPs identified in ACB, PBP2 and PBP3, are found in high concentration in male moth. Structure-function study of this protein is critical to the control of this insect pest in a species-specific and environmentally friendly manner. In this work, the authors present cloning, purification and biophysical characterization of ACBPBP2 and ACBPBP3. Return to Morning Posters Return to Overall Schedule (85) DETERMINATION OF FILMING AND ALKALIZING AMINES USING LC-MS AND THE INFLUENCE OF THESE AMINES ON ION EXCHANGE RESIN PROPERTIES. Ahmedul Kabir, Allen Apblett; Oklahoma State University

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In steam turbine power plants, filming amines are injected into the steam header to coat and protect pipe surfaces against corrosion. Alkalizing amines are added to boiler feed water to control pH of the condensate in order to prevent corrosion. Properties and performance of polishing ion exchange resins used to purify the process water can be affected by the use of filming and alkalizing amines. A method has been developed for determination of filming and alkalizing amines using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Four filming and four alkalizing amines were successfully analyzed with a detection limit of 1x10-4 M. To investigate the effect of exposure, one anion and three cation exchange resins were treated with the previously mentioned amines. Resin properties were determined for the standard, amine exposed and regenerated forms. Higher adsorption of amines was observed by cation exchange resins. A decrease in exchange capacity was found and regeneration did not achieve complete recovery of the ion exchange resin properties. Adsorption of amines and their presence after regeneration was confirmed by LC-MS analysis. Return to Session 7 Return to Overall Schedule (86) SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF EUMELANIN-INSPIRED BLUE EMITTING POLYMERS FOR ORGANIC LIGHT EMITTING DIODES. K. A. Niradha Sachinthani, Toby L. Nelson; Oklahoma State University Organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) have attracted a great attention due to their application in full-color flat-panel displays and solid state lightning. Among the three primary colors; red, green and blue, there is a high demand on blue emitters due to the lower device stability, efficiency and color purity. There is a critical need for new material with higher stability, efficiency and color purity. Fluorene and carbazole containing polymers are well-known as blue emitters. Although several other aryl groups have been incorporated with these units in blue emitters, only few examples have been recorded for indoles. Indole core is unique due to its existence in naturally occurring macromolecules such as eumelanin. Eumelanin is the pigment responsible for black brown color and consists of indole units. We previously synthesized eumelanin-inspired core similar to the building blocks found in natural eumelanin. In this article, we report the synthesis and characterization of blue emitting copolymers incorporating our eumelanin-inspired indole core with fluorene and carbazole units and their performances in OLED devices. Return to Session 7 Return to Overall Schedule (87) SYNTHESIS OF ETHYL 4-(2,4-DIHYDROXYPHENYL)-6-METHYL-2-OXO-1,2,3,4-TETRAHYDROPYRIMIDINE-5-CARBOXYLATE AND ITS EFFECT ON THE PROLIFERATION RATE OF MDA-MB468 BREAST CANCER CELLS. BRANDON F. GARNER, WILLIAM P. RANAHAN, LOIS A. ABLIN; Oral Roberts University In a Biginelli reaction using 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, urea, ethyl acetoacetate with a citric acid catalyst, the product, ethyl 4-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate, was synthesized and tested at various dosages for inhibition of cell growth of MDA-MB468 breast cancer cells using BioVision’s Quick Cell Proliferation Assay Kit II. Results using 50 μg/μL and 100 μg/μL indicated that the compound was effective at inhibiting proliferation of the cancer cells. Return to Afternoon Posters Return to Overall Schedule (88) NOVEL DRUG COCKTAIL-CARRYING IRON-OXIDE NANOPARTICLES FOR THE TREATMENT OF CANCER. Laci Hadorn, Shuguftha Naz, Tuhina Banerjee, Santimukul Santra; Pittsburg State University LNCaP cells are an androgen sensitive prostate adenocarcinoma. Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men, with 1 in 7 men being diagnosed in their lifetime. Hsp90 is a promising target for therapeutic intervention. Inhibition of Hsp90 suppresses androgen signaling, promoting degradation of client proteins resulting in apoptosis. Both Gedunin and Celastrol disrupt the function of Hsp90 through unique pathways. Celastrol disrupts Cdc37-Hsp90 complex formation, while Gedunin inhibits p23 chaperoning activity. Studies have shown the anticancer activities of Gedunin on several lines of cancer including melanoma, prostate, and human breast cancer. Herein, a novel, folate functional magnetic nanomedicine encapsulated with Hsp90 targeting drug cocktail will be used for effective cancer treatment. In this study, Gedunin and Celastrol carrying iron-oxide nanoparticles are formulated for the targeted treatment of LNCaP cells. Various biomolecular and cellular assays will be performed to evaluate anti-tumor activity and effectiveness of delivery. Return to Morning Posters Return to Overall Schedule

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(89) BIMETALLIC AMINO ACID COMPLEXES AS PRECURSORS FOR NICKEL MOLYBDATE. Fahad Alqahtani, Allen Apblett; Oklahoma State University Metal molybdates are important catalysts for oxidative dehydrogenation of light alkanes to the more useful corresponding olefins. The method used for the preparation of the metal molybdates has a major impact on the chemical and physical properties of these materials, and consequently, the catalytic activity. In particular the use of bimetallic single source precursors provides a low temperature approach that overcomes problems associated with the use of high temperatures and can also allow the synthesis of metastable phases. In this study, the synthesis of nickel molybdates using bimetallic salts of amino acids will be discussed. Return to Morning Posters Return to Overall Schedule (90) CATALYTIC REACTION OF PHOSPHOTUNGSTIC ACID WITH DILAKYLCYANAMIDES. Faisal MD Alzahrani, Allen Apblett; Oklahoma State University Phosphotungstic acid was found to be efficient for the cyclotrimerization of dialkylcyanamides to produce 1,3,5,cyclotriazenes under mild conditions. For example, Altretamine a drug used for treatment of patients with persistent or recurrent ovarian cancer can be prepared in a solventless one-pot reaction from dimethylcyanamide. Under varying conditions, hydrolysis of dialkylcyanamides to the corresponding dilakylureas is also possible. The latter are useful building blocks for drugs and herbicides. Return to Afternoon Posters Return to Overall Schedule (91) Optimizing molecular geometries using parallel energy mapping. Gentry Smith, Christopher Fennell; Oklahoma State University Molecules with a large number (N) of rotatable bonds pose an entropic challenge for determining minimum energy conformers. This is because the number of optimizations needed to exhaustively compare energies is the number of single rotamer energy calculations to the power N. For example, if a molecule has 5 rotatable bonds and 10 rotamer energy calculations about each are desired, the exhaustive approach would require 100,000 energy calculations. In this work, we present a general approach to minimizing conformational energy of molecules with several rotatable bonds by mapping the rotational degrees of N rotatable bonds across an N-dimensional grid of a molecule, generating “hot spots” of low energy. These regions are then remapped to a higher resolution of accuracy and calculations and repeated until the best energy-minimized conformation is determined. We demonstrate the efficiency of this approach with example molecules to show how parallel energy mapping can provide accurate optimal geometries from intractable problem molecules. Return to Morning Posters Return to Overall Schedule (92) TWO-DIMENSIONAL MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS OF CONFINED AND BULK WATER PARTICLES. Casey H. Williamson, Joshua R Hall, Christopher J Fennell; Oklahoma State University Molecular simulations of two-dimensional (2D) systems can provide behavior and insight analogous to three-dimensional systems, often with reduced complexity and computational cost. This lecture describes an approach for molecular dynamics simulation of single point particles using rose potentials for orientation dependent pairwise interactions. Modifying both the shape and range of a 3-petal rose function, we construct an efficient and dynamical mimic of the 2D Mercedes Benz (MB) water model. When given a mass distribution similar to real water, we observe rose water to diffuse at a faster rate, only with longer lived “hydrogen-bonds”. We also show how one can extend the rose potential to generate alternate models with varying numbers of interacting arms, as well as models containing particles confined within channels to mimic carbon nanotubes. Return to Session 6 Return to Overall Schedule

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(93) SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF EUMELANIN-INSPIRED POLY(INDOYLENEARYLENEETHYNYLENE)S. Santosh Adhikari, Toby Nelson; Oklahoma State University Eumelanin, the black-brown variety of natural pigment melanin, is a fascinating material owing to its multifunctional physicochemical properties, such as broad-band and monotonous absorption spectrum, antioxidant and free radical scavenging behavior, strong nonradiative relaxation of photoexcited electronic states and metal chelating properties. Further, biocompatible and biodegradable nature and peculiar physicochemical properties make eumelanin a promising material in the field of bioelectronics. It is well established that eumelanin is a heterogeneous network formed by the oxidative polymerization of 5,6-dihydroxyindole and 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid. However, its exact structure still remains ambiguous owing to its insolubility in most organic solvents. In this scenario, our research is focused in elucidating, enhancing and mimicing the properties of natural eumelanin by incorporating the eumelanin-inspired indole core 4, 7-dibromo-5,6-dimethoxy-N-methyl-1H-indole-2-carboxylate into conjugated polymers. Here, the synthesis and characterization of three ethynylene linked conjugated polymers containing the eumelanin-inspired core differing by arylene groups will be presented. The preliminary results suggest that these polymers are good fluorophores having good thermal stability for applications such as in organic light emitting diodes. Return to Afternoon Posters Return to Overall Schedule (94) ELECTROCHEMICAL UPGRADING OF FURANIC COMPOUNDS: A COMBINED EXPERIMENTAL AND DFT STUDY. Reda Bababrik, Bin Wang, Daniel Resasco; University of Oklahoma The ability to control and manipulate selectivities in liquid phase upgrading of biomass is desirable. In this work, using an electrochemical cell, we show that dehydration and hydrogenation of furfural, which is an important platform chemical produced from thermal treatment of biomass, to yield methylfuran over a copper catalyst is the preferred route in a protic solvent. In contrast, it has been shown that furfuryl alcohol is the dominant product in vapor-phase reactions. This different selectivites indicate that the reaction proceeds through different mechanisms under these two conditions. This work thus suggests that one can control the selectivity of furfural upgrading by using electrocatalysis, which provides an additional degree of freedom for tailoring chemical reactions. Return to Session 5 Return to Overall Schedule (95) IS THAT A BOMB IN YOUR LABORATORY? PEROXIDIZED SOLVENTS AND HOW TO DEAL WITH THEM. Allen W Apblett, Hayden Hanby, Kevin N Barber, Nicholas F Materer; Oklahoma State University The formation of peroxides in organic solvents poses a major hazard in laboratory and industrial settings. Peroxidized organic solvents can unexpectedly explode while alkenes can violently polymerize. For this reason, many solvents must be wastefully disposed of after a short period of time. Testing for peroxides is a procedure fraught with danger but is necessary since current antioxidant technology provides no indication of safety. Furthermore, when discovered, peroxidized solvents can be extremely expensive to dispose of. We have developed an alternative based on nanotechnology that can be used to prevent build-up of peroxides in solvents. The reagent provides a simple colorimetric indication that the solvent is still safe to use, changing from blue to yellow as it is consumed. It does not contaminate the solvent and It can also be used to neutralize peroxides in liquids to make them safe for disposal. The nanoparticle technology has also been adapted for the creation of test strips for detecting peroxides. Return to Session 7 Return to Overall Schedule (96) ANALYSIS OF GARLIC BREATH USING GCMS-SPME. Benjamin J. Loewen, Norman E. Schmidt; Tabor College When a person ingests garlic it has the effect of changing the odor of a person’s breath. This phenomenon is often associated with halitosis. Chemicals from garlic react with digestive enzymes in both the mouth and stomach and are released as gas particles from the oral cavity. The goal of the experiment was to identify the chemicals present in garlic with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy and then observe peak decay over a period of time. The object of this research was to isolate the breath of subjects that had eaten a clove of garlic; collect gases using a Solid Phase Micro-Extraction Fiber (SPME) for ten minutes; then analyze the collected gases with GC-MS. Several subjects were asked to eat a clove of garlic from a store-bought garlic bulb and then exhale into an inflatable plastic bag. Successive samples

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were periodically collected after the ingestion of the garlic clove. A diallyl disulfide GC-MS peak was identified in the breath of subjects immediately after consumption for each trial run with few exceptions. A (E(orZ))-1-Allyl-2-(prop-1-en-1-yl)disulfane peak was also routinely demonstrated immediately after eating a garlic clove but not as commonly as the diallyl disulfide peak. In some cases the diallyl disulfide peak could be identified from the breath of a subject after fifteen minutes. However, subsequent samples could not identify the same peak 30 minutes after ingestion. Return to Morning Posters Return to Overall Schedule (97) PRELIMINARY STUDIES ON THE CHEMICALS CAUSING THE SMELL OF FLOWERS. Melissa A. Cairns, Norman E. Schmidt; Tabor College The purpose of the research conducted was to identify the composition of the scent of three different types of flowers and analyze the data. The research conducted was preliminary research for a more extensive experiment which will examine the composition of the vapor of red roses at different phases of maturation. For the purpose of producing a workable procedure, red roses, pink roses, and chrysanthemums were used. These flowers were examined using SPME fibers which were inserted into the GC-MS so the chemical peaks could be analyzed. From this experiment it was found that red roses and pink roses had the same main compound, 3-5, dimethoxytoluene, but their smaller compounds were different. The red roses contained benzoic acid. The pink roses all contained p-Xylene and the red roses did not. As predicted the chrysanthemums were entirely different and did not contain the 3-5, dimethoxytoluene and had multiple small peaks instead which included p-Xylene. Return to Morning Posters Return to Overall Schedule (98) CLOUD POINTS OF FATTY ACID METHYL ESTERS WITH VARYING PERCENT OF SATURATED FAMES. Amy E. Horner, Norman E. Schmidt; Tabor College One problem that biodiesel production has faced is that the oil blends can turn to a solid in colder temperatures. This temperature, called the cloud point, is determined by the fraction of saturated to unsaturated fat in the samples. In this research twelve biodiesel samples were made by reacting corn oil, olive oil, and hamburger grease with methanol. The composition of the fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) were analyzed by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Next, the cloud points were determined by freezing the samples and recording the temperature where crystals began to form. The 100% olive oil sample (17.7% saturated) had a cloud point of 12.4°C and the 100% hamburger grease (46.8% saturated) had a cloud point of 83.7°C. When plotting this data it is found that the cloud point is proportional to the percent of saturation in the FAMES. Therefore, biodiesels that have more saturated fats have a higher cloud point and biodiesels with less saturated fats are a more viable fuel option at colder temperatures. The biodiesels with a higher cloud point would need to be blended with a petroleum fuel so that the cloud point would be lowered. Return to Morning Posters Return to Overall Schedule (99) POLLUTION DIAGNOSIS OF WOLF CREEK. Clinton D. Bryan, Juan M. Ruiz, Cameron University Monthly analysis of Wolf Creek in Lawton, Oklahoma has been collected over the course of two years, where the vitality of the creek is diagnosed through chemical and biological monitoring in collaboration with The Blue Thumb Program of the Oklahoma Conservation Commission. Invertebrate diversity in Wolf Creek at Gore Boulevard and Lee Road illustrated that, diversity in Wolf Creek was very low at Gore Blvd. and significantly higher in Lee Road. The purpose of this research is to determine if point pollution done by heavy metals or hydrocarbons are affecting aquatic life in Gore Blvd., through chemical oxygen demand and atomic absorbance determination of heavy metals in the water. Results showed that COD throughout Wolf Creek were below toxic levels. Heavy metal levels in Wolf Creek were also below toxic levels. Return to Morning Posters Return to Overall Schedule (100) Analysis of OSBP-EGFP fusion protein. Stephen Dunne, Naga Rama Kothapalli, Juan Nunez, Anthony Burgett; University of Oklahoma

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My current research project mainly focusses on cloning this family of proteins specifically the parent gene called Oxysterol Binding Protein (OSBP). The purpose of this project is to understand the biochemical and signaling pathways OSBP is involved in. Specifically, I am tasked with creating a fusion protein by joining the OSBP gene to enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) gene. This fusion gene would then be inserted into a plasmid that can then be analyzed for its integrity. For this purpose, I have designed primers; PCR amplified; cloned the PCR products of both OSBP and EGFP as well as verified plasmids after cloning. My future goals in this research would be to analyze the function of this fusion protein by transfecting the constructed plasmid into eukaryotic cells, make cell lysates and test them for expression. I would then determine the binding affinity of the expressed protein and use my results for characterizing the protein. Return to Morning Posters Return to Overall Schedule (101) SYNTHESIS OF ETHYL 4-(4-HYDROXYPHENYL)-6-METHYL-2-OXO-1,2,3,4-TETRAHYDROPYRIMIDINE-5-CARBOXYLATE AND ITS EFFECT ON THE PROLIFERATION RATE OF MDA-MB468 BREAST CANCER CELLS. IMANI H AGARD, WILLIAM P RANAHAN, LOIS A ABLIN; ORAL ROBERTS UNIVERSITY IN A MICROSCALE, MICROWAVE REACTION, 4-HYDROXYBENZALDEHYDE, ETHYL ACETOACETATE, UREA, AND A CITRIC ACID CATALYST WERE USED TO SYNTHESIZE THE BIGINELLI COMPOUND, ETHYL 4-(4-HYDROXYPHENYL)-6-METHYL-2-OXO-1,2,3,4-TETRAHYDROPYRIMIDINE-5-CARBOXYLATE. USING BIOVISION’S QUICK CELL PROLIFERATION ASSAY KIT, THREE DOSAGES OF THE COMPOND WERE TESTED AGAINST MDA-MB468 BREAST CANCER CELLS IN A 96-WELL PLATE. SOLUBILITY OF THE COMPOUND IN DMSO WAS INCREASED WHEN COMPARED WITH A PREVIOUSLY TESTED 3-FLUORO SUBSTITUTED BIGINELLI COMPOUND. TWO OF THE DOSAGES SHOWED REDUCED CELL PROLIFERATION WHILE THE CONTROL DISPLAYED CONTINUED CELL PROLIFERATION IN THE ABSENCE OF THE BIGINELLI COMPOUND. Return to Afternoon Posters Return to Overall Schedule (102) IODINE CONCENTRATION IN BRINE WATERS FROM NORTHWEST OKLAHOMA. Austin Anderson, Jason R. Wickham, Cori Hoffman, David Edlin Iofina; Northwestern Oklahoma State University In the late 1970's, it was discovered that the brine waters of NW OK contain significant amounts of Iodine (above 60 ppm). However, the exact amounts and distributions of Iodine throughout this region were unknown. Currently, the majority of the world's supply of Iodine comes from mining Iodate minerals in Chile (≈ 65%), brine water aquifers in NW Oklahoma (≈ 5%) and Japan (≈ 25%), and seaweed extraction. With the growing need for Iodine compounds in the various fields the demand for Iodine is higher than ever. Thus, Iofina has recruited the aid of NWOSU to quantify the Iodine concentrations and distribution throughout the brine aquifer, as well as, determine the longevity of these iodine concentrations. Currently, this study has to the discovery of new sites within the aquifer that may be of commercial interest and has taken an in-depth look at three of these possible sites, as well as, measuring iodine fluctuations up to 100 ppm which is a much larger fluctuation than the expected 10 ppm. Currently, we are investigating rather these fluctuations are due to the changed from vertical to horizontal wells or inhomogeneity within the brine aquifer. We also studied iodine gas scrubber efficiencies, which captures Iodine gas during the crystallization process. A balance between fluid recirculation rate, air flow, internal surface area, and a chemical balance without disrupting other plant operations is needed, which will result in improved overall iodine recovery capture. Return to Morning Posters Return to Overall Schedule (103) Bridging the Gap between Simulation and Experiment: Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM) Images from Molecular Dynamics (MD) Simulation. Delaram Nematollahi, Soumya Bhattacharya, Mitchell P Yothers, Lloyd A Bumm; University of Oklahoma We are developing methods to produce simulated STM images from MD simulations. We use MD to study structure and dynamics of alkanethiol self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on Au(111) to understand STM images from experiment. Although MD allows access to a wealth of structural information, the correspondence of the resultant molecular structures to experimental STM images is complex, because constant current STM “topography” images are a convolution of the physical and electronic structure of the sample. We apply a modified two-layer tunnel junction model

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to the MD simulation sets to generate both time series movies, showing an STM’s view of the dynamics of the simulations, and time average images, which are simulations of the STM images from experiment. Return to Session 6 Return to Overall Schedule (104) DUCHENNE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY (DMD), James Lutz; Cameron University Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy is a rapid progressive muscle dystrophy found on the dystrophin gene caused by a disruption of the protein reading frame by small deletions, exon duplications, or loss of exons. It is a heritable X-linked recessive disorder, so it is mostly seen in males. Symptoms usually appear in boys before the age of 6. These symptoms include delay in motor skills which include sitting and standing, progressive muscle weakness in legs and pelvic muscles and muscle weakness which can also occur in the arms, legs and back This paper will discuss how patients suffering from DMD can be treated with genetically modified cells and have the genetically modified cells fuse to their muscle cells where they will then create a dystrophin protein. Return to Session 6 Return to Overall Schedule (105) IR Spectral Evidence of Aldol Condensation: Acetaldehyde Adsorption over TiO2 Surface. Dilip K. Paul, Kristopher Keyes; Pittsburg State University

The adsorption of acetaldehyde on particulate TiO2 surfaces has been studied 233 K by FT-IR spectroscopy using a specially designed UHV IR cell. It has been found that acetaldehyde adsorbs through hydrogen bonding to surface hydroxyl groups as well as through Lewis acid sites. At the temperature of 251 K, the formation of 3-hydroxybutanal is observed, which is formed during aldol condensation, and it has been characterized by IR features at 3185 cm-1 for ν(OH), 1334 cm-1 for δ(CH), 1273 cm-1 for δ(COH), 1105 cm-1 for ν(C-C) & δ(COH). This is further confirmed by adsorbing pure 3-hydroxybutanal and 2-butenal on the TiO2 surface. The reaction network and the mechanism are proposed and the spectroscopic evidence of aldol condensation is established. Return to Afternoon Posters Return to Overall Schedule (106) F-ELEMENT COMPLEXES WITH PHOSPHINIMIDE LIGANDS: PROBING METAL-LIGAND COVALENCY WITH 31P NMR SPECTROSCOPY. Stewart Younger-Mertz, Robert K. Thomson; University of Oklahoma Herein the synthesis and characterization of isostructural uranium, thorium, and cerium complexes is reported, with special attention to 31P NMR chemical shifts and their potential use for evaluating the relative degree of metal-ligand covalency in isostructural tetravalent f-element complexes. Known f-element-bis(trimethylsilyl)amide precursors reacted with potassium phosphinimide salts, yielding previously unreported f-element-phosphinimide complexes. The 31P NMR shifts appear to support recent computational and spectroscopic results from other groups, which suggest that cerium can exhibit comparable degrees of metal-ligand covalency to that of uranium, more so than thorium. These observations are contrary to the typical ionic-covalent dichotomy used to describe metal-ligand bonding in lanthanide and actinide complexes, respectively. In addition to this isostructural Ce-Th-U series, additional progress towards the design and synthesis of actinide-phosphinimide complexes for fundamental f-element electronic structure studies is reported. Return to Session 2 Return to Overall Schedule (107) EVALUATING THE DISTRIBUTION OF FLUORINE IN ARCHAEOLOGICAL MATERIALS MADE OF MICROCRYSTALLINE QUARTZ USING PARTICLE INDUCED GAMMA EMISSION SPECTROMETRY (MICRO-PIGE): A CONTRIBUTION TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF FLUORINE DIFFUSION DATING. Stewart Younger-Mertz (University of Oklahoma), Lee Bement (OKLAHOMA ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY), Quentin Lemasson, Laurent Pichon, Brice Moignard, Claire Pacheco; AGLAE-C2RMF-PARIS, FRANCE In this study, the distribution of fluorine on archaeological chert surfaces was visualized using particle induced gamma-ray emission spectrometry (μ-PIGE). Fluorine is present in all natural ground waters, and once a silicon dioxide-rich surfaces, such as chert (microcrystalline quartz), are freshly exposed to the environment, fluorine gradually penetrates these surfaces due to the chemical affinity of silicon and fluorine. Thus, one can measure the fluorine diffusion front, and use this as the basis for a direct dating technique for stone tools. Herein, the homogeneity/heterogeneity of the

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distribution of fluorine was evaluated for 20 chert (microcrystalline quartz) artifacts using fluorine gamma-ray maps generated using non-resonant nuclear reactions of fluorine induced with a 3 MeV proton beam. The distribution of fluorine across the surfaces of individual artifacts was relatively homogenous, which is an encouraging result that supports the legitimacy of the dating method, and more research on fluorine diffusion dating is warranted. Return to Session 7 Return to Overall Schedule (108) THE INTERESTING ABILITY OF NANOCRYSTALLINE ZINC OXIDE TO UNDERGO ION-EXCHANGE REACTION WITH COPPER COBALT. Travis Reed, Allen Apblett; Oklahoma State University The uptake of copper and cobalt from aqueous solutions using nanocrystalline zinc oxide allows for a viable route for recycling materials from waste streams and provides an inexpensive and effective way to remove possible cobalt and copper contaminates from aqueous systems. Synthesis of the zinc pyruvic acid oxime salt by a simple precipitation reaction allows for a single source precursor that can be decomposed at relatively low temperatures to produce nanocrystalline zinc oxide. This decomposition takes place at 300°C and yields nanocrystalline zinc oxide and small volatile organic fragments; carbon dioxide, acetonitrile and water. The interesting series of events that led up to the discovery of the uptake of copper and cobalt in aqueous solutions will be discussed. Return to Session 8 Return to Overall Schedule (109) 2016 CU ENGINEERING AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS SUMMER ACADEMY: USING THE ENGINEERING DESIGN PROCESS TO INVEST AND IMPACT FUTURE STEM GENERATIONS. Shiela Youngblood, Travis Burch, Giselle Santillan; Cameron University The 2016 CU Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mathematics Summer Academy hosted twenty four highly motivated high school students from Oklahoma for 10 - day experience into the world of engineering and mathematics. The academy introduced students to basic principles of aerospace engineering and used mathematics in problem solving and design activities. Students learned the engineering design process and worked in teams to apply these concepts to a rocket design, build, and launch that required a quail egg to survive a rocket launch and landing. These students were trained on SPACECAD, they used the modelling software and the windtunnel to optimize their designs. Students were provided specific criteria that their designs were judged by on competition day. They were given the opportunity to launch and redesign two times to optimize their designs. Return to Afternoon Posters Return to Overall Schedule (110) The influence of soluble ferric iron chelated with aerobic metabolites on the microbial influenced corrosion in steel production water tanks from the Barnett Shale region. Yan Li, Joseph Suflita, Kathleen Duncan, Mark Nanny; University of Oklahoma In the oil and gas industry, sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) are typically responsible for microbial influenced corrosion (MIC) of carbon steel. However, several production water tanks associated with gas production in the Barnett Shale displayed chemical evidence for corrosion despite variable sulfate-reduction activity (SRA). Tanks with low or no SRA contained elevated concentrations of soluble ferric iron, several times greater than thermodynamic equilibrium, due to chelation with small organic ligands. Targeted metabolomics identified a direct correlation between soluble ferric iron and these ligands which are aerobic metabolites of ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol and n-alkanes. It is hypothesized that metabolite production increases the soluble ferric iron concentration such that iron reducing bacteria are promoted at the expense of SRBs, and a different MIC mechanism is facilitated. Return to Session 7 Return to Overall Schedule (111) VITAMIN ROLES IN METABOLISM AND DEFICIENCIES THAT CAUSE HUMAN DISEASES. Jeein Yoon, Kyle Moore; Cameron University Vitamins are essential to our diet for everyday functions, and deficiencies of those vitamins can lead to severe diseases and illnesses. The focus in this poster are water-soluble vitamins, more specifically vitamin B derivatives that are

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mandatory in cell metabolism. Most of these water-soluble vitamins cannot be stored within the body for long periods of time, so they must be supplied from one’s daily diet. Each of the B-Complex vitamins play vital roles in multiple metabolic pathways including glycolysis, the TCA cycle, electron transport chain, oxidative phosphorylation, pentose

-oxidation, citrate shuttle, lipolysis, fat synthesis, and transamination. Each of these pathways are adversely affected in the event that there are deficiencies in their associated coenzyme derivatives, which can cause life-threatening situations for the cell, tissue, organ and ultimately the human. Return to Afternoon Posters Return to Overall Schedule (112) Novel Crosslinking in Fo Portion of ATP Synthase. Aleigh Peiroo, Mario Abramson, Kyle Moore; Cameron University The F1Fo ATP synthase in E. coli is an essential enzyme complex that is responsible for most of the chemical energy inside the cell. High resolution models exist for all proteins in the complex except subunit a. Subunit a is the essential proton (H+) channel that couples the exergonic transport of H+ to ATP synthesis in the F1 portion. Recently, low resolution structural evidence has provided the best picture of the H+ channel in subunit a. However, previous biochemical data does not align well with the new model. Here we investigate a novel Cys-Cys crosslink in the Fo portion to test the helical packing in the new model as well as compare the previous biochemical data with the new structural data. Return to Afternoon Posters Return to Overall Schedule

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Acknowledgements

Thanks to the support of:

American Chemical Society Undergraduate Interchapter Relations Grant

McGraw-Hill Education

Oklahoma Center for the Advancement of Science and Technology (OCAST)

Wichita Falls-Duncan ACS Section

Vernier Software and Technology

Dr. Donna Nelson, Immediate Past President of the American Chemical Society for

support from the Past President funds

Several Offices and Organizations within Cameron University that provided significant support:

Cameron University Department of Chemistry, Physics, and Engineering

Cameron University ACS Student Affiliates

Cameron University Chi Lambda Upsilon

Reservations Office Personnel

Sodexo

Physical Plant Personnel

We would also like to thank those that volunteered to judge poster presentations