59593608 Railway Reservation System Build in Visual Basic

SWAMI SAMARTH INSTITUTE TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT

A Project file

On“Railway Reservation On Visual Basic”

Maharishi Mahesh Yogi Vedic Vishwavidyalaya Jabalpur

Submitted

in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the BCA 6TH SEM

Project Guide: Submitted By:Prof. Radhe shyam verma Bhola Shanker Jadoun

BCA 6TH SEM

1

INDEX

1. INTRODUCTION 3

2. PROBLEM DEFINITION 7

3. SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND FEASIBLITY STUDY 9

4. SCOPE OF PROPOSED SYSTEM 13

5. SYSTEM REQUIREMENT 15

A. HARDWARE REQUIREMENT 16

B. SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT 16

I. FRONT END 17

II. BACK END 19

6. SYSTEM LOGICAL DESIGN 21

A. DFD 24

B. DATA DICTIONARY 25

C. E-R DIAGRAM 26

7. SYSTEM PHYSICAL DESIGN 27

8. INPUT/OUTPUT SCREEN 49

9. TESTING 54

10. IMPLEMENTATION 57

11. LIMITATIONS AND FUTURE SCOPE 59

12. BIBLIOGRAPHY 63

2

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

Examid-examination identity

VB- Visual basic

Ghz- Gegahertz

VGA-Video Graphic Array

SVGA-Super Video Graphic Array

Ms-access 2003/07-Ms.Access 2003 or Ms. Access 2007

Loginid-Username identity

Txt.username-text username

Txt.password-text password

Rslt- result

Db- database

1NF-first normal form

2NF-second normal form

3NF- third normal form

3

INTRODUCTION

4

INTRODUCTION

Proposed “Railway Reservation System” is developed for to automate the

railway reservation system. It includes modules required to successfully operate

railway reversion process smoothly. It has train master to add modify train

information, Train schedule to enter train journey details include all the station

name, arrival time and departure time. It includes automatic fare calculation as

per the distance between two stations.

Reservation module consist of automatic seat no and coach no allocation

system. Daily schedule for updation of not confirm seat and coach no. All

master like train master, train schedule, reservation fees, cancellation fees

charges can be modified individually from front end and changes reflect in all

modules immediately.

Therefore proposed “Railway Reservation System” has been designed to

automate the process of railway for ticket reservation and back office activities.

System can make the daily activities efficient and providing the fast response.

5

Railway Reservation System – Modules

Security module - Security modules include security features like user

management and application level password management.

Maintain user master- Each user identified by the user name and user

type. Only admin user can create, edit user information.

Password must be 6 characters long.

Password must be alpha numeric.

While creating user system assign default password for the user, user

must change default password for first time login.

All login time stamp stored in the system for security audit.

Access level and roles and privileges are set for different type of users.

Master Management module - Master management module includes

following sub modules.

Station Master – Every station is uniquely identified by system

generated Station ID. It also includes station code, station name and

railway division name.

Train Master – Every train uniquely identified by train no, it includes

train name, train schedule which days of the week train will run. No of

coaches available for 3 tier AC, First Class, Slipper Class etc.

6

Train Schedule – It includes train journey details from start station to

end station, all in between station, distances between 2 station, arrival and

departure time.

Fare Rule – It help to calculate fare by distance, support different type of

fare calculation for different class like AC1, AC3 etc.

Cancellation Fees Rule - It provide the master data for all ticket

cancellation fees calculation.

Reservation and Super Fast Fees – It provide the master data for all

ticket cancellation fees calculation.

Transaction Module - Transaction module includes following sub modules.

Reservation – This module used to make reservation, it asks for input data like

train no, journey date, from station code, end station code. System has powerful

validation rule to check validation like journey date must be greeter than system

date, journey date must be within 90 days. Train should run for the selected day.

Check for from station and to station. Seat availability, While saving the record

system generate PRN no, seat no and coach no. Before save the system ask for

final confirmation. System automatically calculates the fare and save the details.

Cancellation – For cancellation of ticket it ask for PRN no, after entering

the correct PRN no system check for validity of the PRN no, whether it

already cancelled, journey date already expired. I it validate system

display all the details of the reservation. System automatically calculates

7

the cancellation fees from the cancellation rule master. Before save the

record system ask for the confirmation.

Update Seat no for unconfirmed passenger – It is schedule activity,

system query for all cancelled ticket for particular journey date and

allocates all vacant seat to unconfirmed passenger.

Daily Cash Transaction – It shows daily transaction, like how much

money received and how much money refund. All data can be exported to

MS Excel for review and save in file system.

Query Module - A powerful query module give on screen information for

particular PRN NO, it shows all the reservation details and cancellation details,

include current status for the seat no, coach no.

Railway Reservation System – Advantages

Complete end to end system for all the activities related to railway

reservation system.

Supports the full life cycle of ticket reservation, seat allocation, and ticket

cancellation. Reschedule the cancel seat to unconfirmed passenger.

It is a scalable system.

Has a clearly arranged and user-friendly interface

Easy to use and minimum data entry, all important details is mater driven

and provide in drop down list to make fast operation and avoid mistake.

8

Automatic fare calculation from stage master, in new updation of fare in

stage master will automatically reflect in all new reservation.

All important details can be updated by front end master module only.

Retrieval of forgotten passwords.

Integrated security features.

9

PROBLEM DEFINITION

10

Problem definition

Existing system

In the existing system the exams are done only manually and proposed system

we have to computerize all the exams using this software.

The whole process of assigning test and evaluating their scores after the

test ,was done manually till date. Processing the test paper i.e. checking and

distributing respective scores used to take time when the software was not

installed.

11

SYSTEM ANALYSIS

AND

FEASIBILITY STUDY

12

SYSTEM ANALYSIS

Introduction to System Analysis

System analysis is a process of gathering and interpreting facts, iagnosing

problems and the information to recommend improvements on the ystem.

It is a problem solving activity that requires intensive communication

etween the system users and system developers. System analysis or study

is an important phase of any system development process. The system is

studied to the minutest detail and analyzed. The system analyst plays the

ole of the interrogator and dwells deep into the working of the present

system. The system is viewed as a whole and the input to the system are

identified. The outputs from the organizations are traced to the various

processes. System analysis is concerned with becoming aware of the

problem, identifying the relevant and decisional variables, analyzing and

synthesizing the various factors and determining an optimal or at least a

satisfactory solution or program of action.

A detailed study of the process must be made by

various techniques like interviews, questionnaires etc. The data collected

by these sources must be scrutinized to arrive to a conclusion. The

conclusion is an understanding of how the system functions. This system

is called the existing system. Now the existing system is subjected to

close study and problem areas are identified. The designer now functions

13

as a problem solver and tries to sort out the difficulties that the enterprise

faces. The solutions are given as proposals. The proposal is then weighed

with the existing system analytically and the best one is selected. The

proposal is presented to the user for an endorsement by the user. The

proposal is reviewed on user request and suitable changes are made. This

is loop that ends as soon as the user is satisfied with proposal.

Preliminary study is the process of gathering and interpreting

facts, using the information for further studies on the system. Preliminary

study is problem solving activity that requires intensive communication

between the system users and system developers. It does various

feasibility studies. In these studies a rough figure of the system activities

can be obtained, from which the decision about the strategies to be

followed for effective system study and analysis can be take

FEASIBILITY STUDY

Feasibility study is made to see if the project on completion will

serve the purpose of the organization for the amount of work, effort

and the time that spend on it. Feasibility study lets the developer

foresee the future of the project and the usefulness. A feasibility

study of a system proposal is according to its workability, which is

the impact on the organization, ability to meet their user needs and

effective use of resources. Thus when a new application is

14

proposed it normally goes through a feasibility study before it is

approved for development. The document provide the feasibility

of the project that is being designed and lists various areas that

were considered very carefully during the feasibility study of this

project such as Technical, Economic and Operational

feasibilities. The following are its features:

TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY

The system must be evaluated from the technical point of view irst.

The assessment of this feasibility must be based on an outline esign

of the system requirement in the terms of input, output, programs

and procedures. Having identified an outline system, the

investigation must go on to suggest the type of equipment, required

method developing the system, of running the system once it has

been designed.

Technical issues raised during the investigation are:

Does the existing technology sufficient for the

suggested one?

Can the system expand if developed?

15

The project should be developed such that the necessary functions and

performance are achieved within the constraints. The project is developed

within latest technology. Through the technology may become obsolete

after some period of time, due to the fact that never version of same

software supports older versions, the system may still be used. So there

are minimal constraints involved with this project. The system has been

developed using Java the project is technically feasible for development.

ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY

The developing system must be justified by cost and benefit. Criteria to

ensure that effort is concentrated on project, which will give best, return

at the earliest. One of the factors, which affect the development of a new

system, is the cost it would require. The following are some of the

important financial questions asked during preliminary investigation:

The costs conduct a full system investigation.

The cost of the hardware and software.

The benefits in the form of reduced costs or fewer

costly errors.

16

Since the system is developed as part of project work, there is no

manual cost to spend for the proposed system. Also all the

resources are already available, it give an indication of the system

is economically possible for development.

BEHAVIORAL FEASIBILITY

This includes the following questions:

Is there sufficient support for the users?

Will the proposed system cause harm?

The project would be beneficial because it satisfies the objectives when

developed and installed. All behavioral aspects are considered carefully

and conclude that the project is behaviorally feasible.

17

SCOPE OF PROPOSED SYSTEM

Scope of Proposed system

The aim of proposed system is to develop a system of improved facilities.

The proposed system can overcome all the limitations of the existing

system. The system provides proper security and reduces the manual

work.

Security of data.

Ensure data accuracy’s.

Proper control of the higher officials.

Minimize manual data entry.

Minimum time needed for the various processing.

Greater efficiency.

Better service.

User friendliness and interactive.

Minimum time required.

18

System Requirement

19

Hard ware Requirements

Processor : X86 Compatible processor

with 1.7 GHz Clock speed

RAM : 512 MB or more

Hard disk : 20 GB or more

Monitor : VGA/SVGA

Keyboard : 104 Keys

Mouse : 2 buttons/ 3 buttons

Software Requirements

Operating System : Windows 2000/XP

Front end : Visual Basic 6.0

Back end : Ms-Access 2003/07

20

Front end

Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0

Visual Basic 6.0 is Microsoft’s latest version of the Visual Basic Programming

language. Although writing programs can be a tedious chore at time. Visual

Basic reduces the effort required on your part, and makes programming

enjoyable. Visual Basic makes many aspects of programming as simple as

dragging graphics objects on to screen with your mouse.

Visual Basic 6.0 is more than just a programming language; the secret to Visual

Basic is in its name” Visual”. With to days Windows Operating System, a

program must be able to interact with the screen. Keyboard , mouse and printer

graphically.

The environment provided by Visual Basic is suitable for any type of

application. Using this environment, the user can visually design the objects

that your application uses. Visual Basic is not just a languages, it’s an

integrated development environment in which you can develop, run, test and

debug your applications. The impressive array of programming resources

provided by Visual Basic enables to create the objects extemporaneously which

can range from pop-up menu to a message box.

A form is a major part of Visual Basic application, which allows the user to

enter the data as well as view the result. A control is an object that we draw on

21

a form to enable or enhance user interaction with an application. Hence a

Visual Basic application is a combination of object like forms and controls,

procedures that can respond to Events and other general-purpose procedures.

Backend

Microsoft Office Access 2007

Microsoft Office Access, previously known as Microsoft Access, is a

relational database management system from Microsoft that combines the

relational Microsoft Jet Database Engine with a graphical user interface and

software-development tools. It is a member of the Microsoft Office suite of

applications, included in the Professional and higher editions or sold separately.

In mid-May 2010, the current version of Microsoft Access 2010 was released

by Microsoft in Office 2010; Microsoft Office Access 2007 was the prior

version.

Access stores data in its own format based on the Access Jet Database Engine.

It can also import or link directly to data stored in other applications and

databases.[1]

Software developers and data architects can use Microsoft Access to develop

application software, and "power users" can use it to build simple applications.

Like other Office applications, Access is supported by Visual Basic for

Applications, an object-oriented programming language that can reference a

22

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Access#cite_note-ms-import-0

variety of objects including DAO (Data Access Objects), ActiveX Data Objects,

and many other ActiveX components. Visual objects used in forms and reports

expose their methods and properties in the VBA programming environment,

and VBA code modules may declare and call Windows operating-system

functions.

Access now includes support for a broader range of data types, including

documents and images.

Whenever any table is updated, all reports referencing the table are also

updated.

Dropdown lists for a table can be modified in place.

Lookup Fields, which get their values by "looking up" some value in a

table, have been updated to support multi valued lookups.

Many new preset schemata are included.

Access can synchronize with Windows SharePoint Services 3.0 and

Office SharePoint Server 2007. This feature enables a user to use Access

reports while using a server-based, backed-up, IT managed version of the

data.

23

System Logical Design

DATA FLOW DIAGRAM

A Data Flow Diagram (DFD) is a diagram that describes the flow of data and

the processes that change or transform data throughout a system. It’s a

structured analysis and design tool that can be used for flowcharting in place of,

or in association with, information oriented and process oriented system

flowcharts. When analysts prepare the Data Flow Diagram, they specify the

user needs at a level of detail that virtually determines the information flow into

and out of the system and the required data resources. This network is

constructed by using a set of symbols that do not imply a physical

implementation. The Data Flow Diagram reviews the current physical system,

prepares input and output specification, specifies the implementation plan etc.

Four basic symbols are used to construct data flow diagrams.

They are symbols that represent data source, data flows, and data

transformations and data storage. The points at which data are transformed are

represented by enclosed figures, usually circles, which are called nodes.

24

Data Flow Diagram Symbols:-

_ Source or Destination of data

_ Data Flow

_ Process

_ Storage

25

Data dictionary

26

A data dictionary is a structured repository of data about data. It is a set of

rigorous definitions of all DFD data elements and data structures.

A data dictionary has many advantages .The most obvious is documentation ;it

is a valuable reference in any organization . Another advantage is improving

analyst/user communication by establishing consistent definitions of various

elements , terms , and procedures . also control information maintained for each

data element is cross-referenced in the data dictionary. A data dictionary is an

important step in developing a database.

Database users and application developers can benefit from an authoritative data

dictionary document that catalogs the organization, contents, and conventions of

one or more databases. This typically includes the names and descriptions of

various tables and fields in each database, plus additional details, like the type

and length of each data element. There is no universal standard as to the level

of detail in such a document, but it is primarily a weak kind of data.

The three classes to be defined are data elements, data structures, and data flows and data stores.

Data element is the smallest unit of data that provides for no further decomposition.

Data structure is a group of data elements handled as a unit.

Data flows and data stores are data structures in motion and data structures

at rest, respectively.

27

28

SYSTEM PHYSICAL DESIGN

SYSTEM DESIGN

29

Introduction to System Design

Design is the first step into the development phase for any

engineered product or system. Design is a creative process. A good

design is the key to effective system. The term “design” is defined as “the

process of applying various techniques and principles for the purpose of

defining a process or a system in sufficient detail to permit its physical

realization”. It may be defined as a process of applying various

techniques and principles for the purpose of defining a device, a process

or a system in sufficient detail to permit its physical realization. Software

design sits at the technical kernel of the software engineering process and

is applied regardless of the development paradigm that is used. The

system design develops the architectural detail required to build a system

or product. As in the case of any systematic approach, this software too

has undergone the best possible design phase fine tuning all efficiency,

performance and accuracy levels. The design phase is a transition from a

user oriented document to a document to the programmers or database

personnel. System design goes through two phases of development:

Logical and Physical Design.

Input design

30

The design of input focuses on controlling the amount of input

required, controlling the errors, avoiding delay, avoiding extra

steps and keeping the process simple. The input is designed in such

a way so that it provides security and ease of use with retaining the

privacy. Input Design considered the following things:

o What data should be given as input?

o How the data should be arranged or coded?

o The dialog to guide the operating personnel in providing input.

o Methods for preparing input validations and steps to follow when

error occur.

OUTPUT DESIGN

A quality output is one, which meets the requirements of the end

user and presents the information clearly. In output design it is

determined how the information is to be displaced for immediate

need and also the hard copy output. It is the most important and

direct source information to the user. Efficient and intelligent

output design improves the system’s relationship to help user

decision-making.

Designing computer output should proceed in an organized, well

thought out manner; the right output must be developed while

31

ensuring that each output element is designed so that people will

find the system can use easily and effectively. When analysis

design computer output, they should :

Identify the specific output that is needed to meet the requirements.

Select methods for presenting information.

Create document, report, or other formats that contain information

produced by the system.

Sample Coding

32

Dim SSQL As String

Dim rs4a As New ADODB.Recordset

Private Sub Command1_Click()

Load Form2

Form2.Show

End Sub


PNR = InputBox("ENTER THE PNR NO")

If Len(PNR) > 0 Then

If rs4a.State = 1 Then rs4a.Close

rs4a.CursorLocation = adUseClient

rs4a.Open "select * FROM PASSENGER WHERE PNR_NO = '" & PNR &

"'", Cn, adOpenDynamic, adLockOptimistic

TRAINNO = rs4a.Fields(2)

SOURCE = rs4a.Fields(4)

DESTINATION = rs4a.Fields(5)

COACH = rs4a.Fields(7)

JORDATE = rs4a.Fields(9)

33

Load unres

unres.Show

End If

End Sub


Load trainlist

trainlist.Show

End Sub


Load FARE

FARE.Show

End Sub


Load Form1

Form1.Show

End Sub


34

Load TRAININFO_DETAILS

TRAININFO_DETAILS.Show

End Sub


PNR = InputBox("ENTER THE PNR NO")

If Len(PNR) > 0 Then



rs4a.Open "select * FROM PASSENGER WHERE PNR_NO = '" & PNR &

"'", Cn, adOpenDynamic, adLockOptimistic

TRAINNO = rs4a.Fields(2)

SOURCE = rs4a.Fields(4)

DESTINATION = rs4a.Fields(5)

COACH = rs4a.Fields(7)

JORDATE = rs4a.Fields(9)

Load printticket

printticket.Show

End If

35

End Sub

Private Sub Form_Load()

End Sub

Private Sub second_Click()

Unload seco

Load ir

ir.Show

End Sub

TRAIN INFO DETAILS

36

Dim SQL As String

Dim COACH As String

Private Sub CAN_Click()

Unload Me

Me.Hide

End Sub


Dim DT As Date

Dim I As Integer

Dim N As Integer

DT = FROMDATE.Value

If Text1.Text = "" Then

Text1.Text = "0"

Text5.Text = "0"

End If


Text2.Text = "0"

Text6.Text = "0"

37

End If


Text3.Text = "0"

Text7.Text = "0"

End If


Text4.Text = "0"

Text8.Text = "0"

End If

Cn.BeginTrans

SSQL = "insert into INFO_TRAIN(TRAIN_NO, SLEEPER_SEATS,

1AC_SEATS, 2AC_SEATS,

3AC_SEATS,SLEEPER_FARE,1AC_FARE,2AC_FARE,3AC_FARE,FROM

DATE,TODATE) values ('" & Label3.Caption & "'," & Text1.Text & "," &

Text2.Text & "," & Text3.Text & "," & Text4.Text & "," & Text5.Text & "," &

Text6.Text & "," & Text7.Text & "," & Text8.Text & ",'" & Format$

(FROMDATE.Value, "d/M/yyyy") & "','" & Format$(TODATE.Value,

"d/M/yyyy") & "' )"

Cn.Execute SSQL

Cn.CommitTrans

38

MsgBox "TRAIN " & TRAINNO & " created.", vbInformation

For I = 1 To 90

DT = DT + 1

If Len(Text1.Text) > 0 Then

N = Val(Text1.Text)

For J = 1 To N

COACH = "S" & J

Cn.BeginTrans

SSQL = "INSERT INTO COACH

(TRAIN_NO,COACHES,SEATS,DATEOFJOUR) VALUES ( '" & TRAINNO

& "','" & COACH & "', 30 ,'" & Format$(DT, "d/M/yyyy") & "' )"

Cn.Execute SSQL

Cn.CommitTrans

Next J

End If


N = Val(Text2.Text)

For J = 1 To N

39

COACH = "A1" & J

Cn.BeginTrans




Cn.Execute SSQL

Cn.CommitTrans

Next J

End If


N = Val(Text3.Text)

For J = 1 To N

COACH = "A2" & J

Cn.BeginTrans




40

Cn.Execute SSQL

Cn.CommitTrans

Next J

End If


N = Val(Text4.Text)

For J = 1 To N

COACH = "A3" & J

Cn.BeginTrans




Cn.Execute SSQL

Cn.CommitTrans

Next J

End If

Next I

' Load TRAININFO_DETAILS

'TRAININFO_DETAILS.Show

41

' Exit Sub

'ErrorHandler:

'cn.RollbackTrans

' MsgBox "TRAIN " & TRAIN_NO.Text & " not created.", vbInformation

End Sub


If F = 0 Then

TRAINNO = InputBox("ENTER TRAIN NO")

End If

Label3.Caption = TRAINNO

FROMDATE.Value = Now

TODATE.Value = DateAdd("m", 3, Now)

End Sub

SEARCH FOR TRAIN

Dim SSQL As String

Public TempRS As New ADODB.Recordset

Dim ds4 As Connection

42

Dim rs4 As Recordset


Dim RS As New ADODB.Recordset




rs4a.Open"select

TRAIN_NO,TRAIN_NAME,SOUR_CODE,DEST_CODE,SOU_TIME,DEST

_TIME from TRAIN WHERE SOUR_CODE = '" & Combo1.Text & "' AND

DEST_CODE= '" & Combo2.Text & "'", Cn, adOpenDynamic,

adLockOptimistic

On Error GoTo ErrorHandler

'ErrorHandler:

'Print

'rs4a.Close

'Set RS = New ADODB.Recordset

'RS.CursorLocation = adUseClient

'RS.Open "SELECT ", Cn, adOpenDynamic, adLockOptimistic,

ADDCMD.Text

Set MSF.DataSource = rs4a

ErrorHandler:

Print

43

rs4a.Close

End Sub



JORDATE = DTPicker1.Value

SOURCE = Combo1.Text

DESTINATION = Combo2.Text

If Option1.Value = True Then

COACH = "S1"

ElseIf Option2.Value = True Then

COACH = "A1"


COACH = "A21"


COACH = "A31"

End If

TRAINNO = MSF.TextMatrix(MSF.Row, 1)

Load reserveform

reserveform.Show

Unload Me

Me.Hide

End Sub

44


DTPicker1.Value = Now

'Set rs4a = New Recordset

'Me.print1.Enabled = False

End Sub

Sub MsfInit()

MSF.Clear

MSF.ColWidth(0) = 800

MSF.ColWidth(1) = 1000

MSF.TextMatrix(0, 0) = "Site No."

MSF.TextMatrix(0, 1) = "Dimantion"

End Sub

Sub DisRecords()

If TempRS.State = 1 Then TempRS.Close

TempRS.Open "select SiteId,Sdie from SiteDet order by SiteId,SName",

Conn

RNo = 1

MsfInit

Do While Not TempRS.EOF

MSF.TextMatrix(RNo, 0) = TempRS(0)

45

MSF.TextMatrix(RNo, 1) = TempRS(1)

TempRS.MoveNext

RNo = RNo + 1

Loop

End Sub

Private Sub Option1_Click()


Command2.Enabled = False

Dim N As String

Label5.Caption = ""

'MsgBox ("HELLO" & MSF.TextMatrix(MSF.Row, 1))

'If MSF.TextMatrix(MSF.Row, 0) = "" Then Exit Sub

N = MSF.TextMatrix(MSF.Row, 1)

MsgBox (Format$(DTPicker1.Value, "d/M/yyyy"))


rs4a.Open "SELECT SUM(SEATS) FROM COACH WHERE COACHES

LIKE 'S%' AND DATEOFJOUR LIKE '" & Format$(DTPicker1.Value,

46

"M/d/yyyy") & "' AND TRAIN_NO = '" & N & "'", Cn, adOpenDynamic,

adLockOptimistic

Label5.Caption = "NO OF SEATS AVAILABLE = " & rs4a.Fields(0)

End If

If rs4a.Fields(0) > 0 Then

Command2.Enabled = True

End If

rs4a.Close

End Sub




Dim N As String

Label5.Caption = ""



47





LIKE 'A1%' AND DATEOFJOUR LIKE '" & Format$(DTPicker1.Value,


adLockOptimistic


End If



End If

'rs4a.Close

End Sub




48

Dim N As String

Label5.Caption = ""









adLockOptimistic


End If



End If

'rs4a.Close

End Sub

49




Dim N As String

Label5.Caption = ""









adLockOptimistic


End If

If rs4a.Fields(0) <> Null Then


End If

50

'rs4a.Close

End Sub

Private Sub Text1_Change()


rs4a.Open "select DISTINCT(SOUR_CODE) from TRAIN WHERE

SOURCE LIKE '" & Text1.Text & "%'", Cn, adOpenStatic, adLockOptimistic

Combo1.Clear


rs4a.MoveFirst

While (Not rs4a.EOF)

Me.Combo1.AddItem (rs4a.Fields(0))

'Me.Combo2.AddItem (rs4a.Fields(6))

rs4a.MoveNext

Wend

ErrorHandler:

Print

rs4a.Close

51

End Sub

Private Sub Text2_Change()


rs4a.Open "select DISTINCT(DEST_CODE) from TRAIN WHERE

DESTINATION LIKE'" & Text2.Text & "%'", Cn, adOpenStatic,

adLockOptimistic

Combo2.Clear


rs4a.MoveFirst

While (Not rs4a.EOF)

'Me.Combo1.AddItem (rs4a.Fields(4))

Me.Combo2.AddItem (rs4a.Fields(0))

rs4a.MoveNext

Wend

ErrorHandler:

Print

rs4a.Close

End Sub

52

RESERVATION

Dim SSQL As String


Dim pn As String

Dim SEAT As Integer

53

Dim NO As Integer

Private Sub back_Click()

Unload reserveform

Load seco

seco.Show

End Sub


PNR = pn

Load printticket

printticket.Show

Unload Me

Me.Hide

End Sub


AA:

pn = InputBox("ENTER THE THE PNR NO")

If pn = "" Then

GoTo AA

54

End If



On Error GoTo ERR

rs4a.Open "select MAX(SEAT) from PASSENGER WHERE TRAIN_NO =

'" & TRAINNO & "' AND SOURCE = '" & SOURCE & "' AND

DESTINATION = '" & DESTINATION & "' AND COACH_NO LIKE '" &

COACH & "' AND DATE_OFJOUR LIKE '" & Format$(JORDATE,

"M/d/yyyy") & "'", Cn, adOpenDynamic, adLockOptimistic

NO = rs4a.Fields(0)

ERR:

N0 = 0

SEAT = NO

For I = 0 To 5

SEAT = SEAT + 1

If Text3(I).Text = "" Then Exit For

Cn.BeginTrans

SSQL = "INSERT INTO PASSENGER

(PNR_NO,TRAIN_NO,TRAIN_NAME,SOURCE,DESTINATION,PASS_NA

55

ME,COACH_NO,SEAT,DATE_OFJOUR,AGE,SEX,CITIZEN,BIRTH )

VALUES ( '" & pn & "','" & TRAINNO & "','" & TRAIN_NAME.Text & "','"

& SOURCE & "','" & DESTINATION & "','" & Text3(I).Text & "','" &

COACH & "'," & SEAT & ",'" & Format$(JORDATE, "d/M/yyyy") & "'," &

Val(Text9(I).Text) & ",'" & Combo1(I).Text & "','NO' ,'" & Combo2(I).Text &

"' )"

Cn.Execute SSQL

Cn.CommitTrans

Cn.BeginTrans

SSQL = "UPDATE COACH SET SEATS = SEATS - 1 WHERE

COACHES LIKE '" & COACH & "' AND DATEOFJOUR LIKE '" & Format$

(JORDATE, "M/d/yyyy") & "' AND TRAIN_NO = '" & TRAINNO & "'"

Cn.Execute SSQL

Cn.CommitTrans

Next I

Exit Sub

MsgBox ("TICKET CREATED")

Command2.Visible = False

Command1.Value = True

'ERR:

'MsgBox ("VALUES ARE NOT PROPERLY HANDLE")

56

End Sub


End Sub


tr = TRAINNO

Text15.Text = SOURCE

Text16.Text = DESTINATION

Text17.Text = JORDATE

lass = COACH



rs4a.Open "select TRAIN_NAME from TRAIN WHERE TRAIN_NO = '" &

TRAINNO & "'", Cn, adOpenDynamic, adLockOptimistic

TRAIN_NAME = rs4a.Fields(0)

57

For I = 0 To 5

Combo1(I).AddItem ("MALE")

Combo1(I).AddItem ("FEMALE")

Combo2(I).AddItem ("LOWER")

Combo2(I).AddItem ("MIDDLE")

Combo2(I).AddItem ("UPPER")

Combo2(I).AddItem ("SIDE LOWER")

Combo2(I).AddItem ("SIDE UPPER")

Next I

End Sub

PRINT TICKET

Dim SSQL As String


Dim NO As Integer

Dim FARE As Integer

58

Private Sub back_Click()

Unload Me

Load seco

seco.Show Mode

End Sub


Text1.Text = PNR

Text3.Text = Format$(JORDATE, "M/d/yyyy")

Text4.Text = TRAINNO

Text6.Text = SOURCE

Text7.Text = DESTINATION

Text10 = COACH



59

rs4a.Open "select TRAIN_NAME from TRAIN WHERE TRAIN_NO = '" &

TRAINNO & "'", Cn, adOpenDynamic, adLockOptimistic

Text5.Text = rs4a.Fields(0)



rs4a.Open "select

PASS_NAME,COACH_NO,SEAT,AGE,SEX,CITIZEN,BIRTH from

PASSENGER WHERE PNR_NO = '" & PNR & "'", Cn, adOpenDynamic,

adLockOptimistic

Set MSF.DataSource = rs4a



rs4a.Open "select COUNT(*) from PASSENGER WHERE PNR_NO = '" &

PNR & "'", Cn, adOpenDynamic, adLockOptimistic

NO = rs4a.Fields(0)

If Left(COACH, 1) = "S" Then

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rs4a.Open "select SLEEPER_FARE from INFO_TRAIN WHERE

TRAIN_NO = '" & TRAINNO & "'", Cn, adOpenDynamic, adLockOptimistic

FARE = rs4a.Fields(0)

ElseIf Left(COACH, 2) = "A1" Then



rs4a.Open "select [1AC_FARE] from INFO_TRAIN WHERE TRAIN_NO

= '" & TRAINNO & "'", Cn, adOpenDynamic, adLockOptimistic





61










End If

FARE = FARE * NO

Label2.Caption = Label2.Caption & FARE

End Sub

62

DATABASE DESIGN

A database is an organized mechanism that has the capability of

storing information through which a user can retrieve stored

information in an effective and efficient manner. The data is the

purpose of any database and must be protected.

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The database design is a two level process. In the first step, user

requirements are gathered together and a database is designed

which will meet these requirements as clearly as possible. This step

is called Information Level Design and it is taken independent of

any individual DBMS.

In the second step, this Information level design is transferred into

a design for the specific DBMS that will be used to implement the

system in question. This step is called Physical Level Design,

concerned with the characteristics of the specific DBMS that will

be used. A database design runs parallel with the system design.

The organization of the data in the database is aimed to achieve the

following two major objectives.

Data Integrity

Data independence

Normalization is the process of decomposing the attributes in an

application, which results in a set of tables with very simple

structure. The purpose of normalization is to make tables as simple

as possible. Normalization is carried out in this system for the

following reasons.

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To structure the data so that there is no repetition of data , this

helps in saving.

To permit simple retrieval of data in response to query and report

request.

To simplify the maintenance of the data through updates,

insertions, deletions.

To reduce the need to restructure or reorganize data which new

application requirements arise.

RELATIONAL DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

(RDBMS):

A relational model represents the database as a collection of

relations. Each relation resembles a table of values or file of

records. In formal relational model terminology, a row is called a

65

tuple, a column header is called an attribute and the table is called a

relation. A relational database consists of a collection of tables,

each of which is assigned a unique name. A row in a tale represents

a set of related values.

RELATIONS, DOMAINS & ATTRIBUTES:

A table is a relation. The rows in a table are called tuples. A tuple

is an ordered set of n elements. Columns are referred to as

attributes. Relationships have been set between every table in the

database. This ensures both Referential and Entity Relationship

Integrity. A domain D is a set of atomic values. A common method

of specifying a domain is to specify a data type from which the

data values forming the domain are drawn. It is also useful to

specify a name for the domain to help in interpreting its values.

Every value in a relation is atomic, that is not decomposable.

RELATIONSHIPS:

Table relationships are established using Key. The two main keys

of prime importance are Primary Key & Foreign Key. Entity

Integrity and Referential Integrity Relationships can be established

66

with these keys.Entity Integrity enforces that no Primary Key can

have null values.Referential Integrity enforces that no Primary Key

can have null values.

Referential Integrity for each distinct Foreign Key value, there

must exist a matching Primary Key value in the same domain.

Other key are Super Key and Candidate Keys.

Relationships have been set between every table in the database.

This ensures both Referential and Entity Relationship Integrity.

NORMALIZATION:

As the name implies, it denoted putting things in the normal form.

The application developer via normalization tries to achieve a

sensible organization of data into proper tables and columns and

where names can be easily correlated to the data by the user.

67

Normalization eliminates repeating groups at data and thereby

avoids data redundancy which proves to be a great burden on the

computer resources. These includes:

Normalize the data.

Choose proper names for the tables and columns.

Choose the proper name for the data.

First Normal Form:

The First Normal Form states that the domain of an attribute must

include only atomic values and that the value of any attribute in a

tuple must be a single value from the domain of that attribute. In

other words 1NF disallows “relations within relations” or

“relations as attribute values within tuples”. The only attribute

values permitted by 1NF are single atomic or indivisible values.

The first step is to put the data into First Normal Form. This can be

donor by moving data into separate tables where the data is of

similar type

68

in each table. Each table is given a Primary Key or Foreign Key as

per requirement of the project. In this we form new relations for

each nonatomic attribute or nested relation. This eliminated

repeating groups of data.

A relation is said to be in first normal form if only if it satisfies the

constraints that contain the primary key only.

Second Normal Form:

According to Second Normal Form, For relations where primary

key contains multiple attributes, no nonkey attribute should be

functionally dependent on a part of the primary key.

In this we decompose and setup a new relation for each partial key

with its dependent attributes. Make sure to keep a relation with the

original primary key and any attributes that are fully functionally

dependent on it. This step helps in taking out data that is only

dependant on apart of the key.

A relation is said to be in second normal form if and only if it

satisfies all the first normal form conditions for the primary key

69

and every non-primary key attributes of the relation is fully

dependent on its primary key alone.

Third Normal Form:

According to Third Normal Form, Relation should not have a non-

key attribute functionally determined by another non-key attribute

or by a set of non-key attributes. That is, there should be no

transitive dependency on the primary key.

In this we decompose and set up relation that includes the non-key

attributes that functionally determines other non-key attributes.

This step is taken to get rid of anything that does not depend

entirely on the Primary Key.

A relation is said to be in third normal form if only if it is in second

normal form and more over the non key attributes of the relation

should not be depend on other non key attribute.

Table Design

TABLE : TRAIN

Train_no text

Train_name text

70

Source text

Source code text

Destination text

Destination code text

Source time text

Destination time text

TABLE TRAIN_INFO

Train_no text

Sleeper seats number

1ac seats number

2ac seats number

3ac seats number

Sleeper fare number

1ac fare number

2ac fare number

3ac fare number

Fromdate date

Todate date

TABLE COACH

Train no text

71

Coaches text

Seats number

Date of jour date

TABLE PASSENGER

Pass number auto number

Pnr num text

Train no text

Train name text

Source text

Destination text

Pass name text

Coach no text

Seat number

Date of jour date

Age number

Sex text

Citizen text

Birth text

72

73

INPUT /OUTPUT SCREEN

Form design- Sample Screen Shots

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

TESTING

SYSTEM TESTING

System testing is a critical aspect of Software Quality Assurance and

represents the ultimate review of specification, design and coding. Testing is a

process of executing a program with the intent of finding an error.

83

A good test is one that has a probability of finding an as yet undiscovered

error. The purpose of testing is to identify and correct bugs in the developed

system. Nothing is complete without testing. Testing is the vital to the success

of the system.

In the code testing the logic of the developed system is tested. For this every

module of the program is executed to find an error. To perform specification

test, the examination of the specifications stating what the program should do

and how it should perform under various conditions.

Unit testing focuses first on the modules in the proposed system to locate errors.

This enables to detect errors in the coding and logic that are contained within

that module alone.

Those resulting from the interaction between modules are initially avoided. In

unit testing step each module has to be checked separately. System testing does

not test the software as a whole, but rather than integration of each module in

the system. The primary concern is the compatibility of individual modules.

One has to find areas where modules have been designed with different

specifications of data lengths, type and data element name. Testing and

validation are the most important steps after the implementation of the

developed system. The system testing is performed to ensure that there are no

errors in the implemented system. The software must be executed several times

in order to find out the errors in the different modules of the system.

84

Validation refers to the process of using the new software for the developed

system in a live environment i.e., new software inside the organization, in order

to find out the errors.

The validation phase reveals the failures and the bugs in the developed system.

It will be come to know about the practical difficulties the system faces when

operated in the true environment. By testing the code of the implemented

software, the logic of the program can be examined. A specification test is

conducted to check whether the specifications stating the program are

performing under various conditions. Apart from these tests, there are some

special tests conducted which are given below: Peak Load Tests: This

determines whether the new system will handle the volume of activities when

the system is at the peak of its processing demand. The test has revealed that the

new software for the agency is capable of handling the demands at the peak

time. Storage Testing: This determines the capacity of the new system to store

transaction data on a disk or on other files. The proposed software has the

required storage space available, because of the use of a number of hard disks.

Performance Time Testing: This test determines the length of the time used by

the system to process transaction data. In this phase the software developed

Testing is exercising the software to uncover errors and ensure the system meets

defined requirements. Testing may be done at 4 levels

• Unit Level

• Module Level

85

• Integration & System

• Regression

UNIT TESTING

A Unit corresponds to a screen /form in the package. Unit testing

focuses on verification of the corresponding class or Screen. This testing

includes testing of control paths, interfaces, local data structures, logical

86

decisions, boundary conditions, and error handling. Unit testing may use

Test Drivers, which are control programs to co-ordinate test case inputs

and outputs, and Test stubs, which replace low-level modules. A stub is a 40

dummy subprogram.

MODULE LEVEL TESTING

Module Testing is done using the test cases prepared earlier. Module is defined

during the time of design.

INTEGRATION TESTING

Integration testing is used to verify the combining of the software modules.

Integration testing addresses the issues associated with the dual problems of

verification and program construction. System testing is used to verify, whether

the developed system meets the requirements.

REGRESSION TESTING

Each modification in software impacts unmodified areas, which results serious

injuries to that software. So the process of re-testing for rectification of errors

due to modification is known as regression testing. Installation and Delivery

Installation and Delivery is the process of delivering the developed and tested

software to the customer.

87

88

IMPLEMENTATION

SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION

Implementation includes all those activities that take place to

convert from the old system to the new. The old system consists of manual

89

operations, which is operated in a very different manner from the proposed

new system. A proper implementation is essential to provide a reliable

system to meet the requirements of the organizations. An improper

installation may affect the success of the computerized system

IMPLEMENTATION METHODS:

There are several methods for handling the implementation and the

consequent conversion from the old to the new computerized system.

The most secure method for conversion from the old system to the new system

is to run the old and new system in parallel. In this approach, a person may

operate in the manual older processing system as well as start operating the new

computerized system. This method offers high security, because even if there is

a flaw in the computerized system, we can depend upon the manual system.

However, the cost for maintaining two systems in parallel is very high. This

outweighs its benefits.

Another commonly method is a direct cut over from the existing manual system

to the computerized system. The change may be with in a week or with in a day.

There are no parallel activities. However, there is no remedy in case of a

problem. This strategy requires careful planning.

90

A working version of the system can also be implemented in one part of the

organization and the personnel will be piloting the system and changes can be

made as and when required. But this method is less preferable due to the loss of

entirety of the system.

IMPLEMENTATION PLAN:

The implementation plan includes a description of all the activities that

must occur to implement the new system and to put it into operation. It

identifies the personnel responsible for the activities and prepares a time

chart for implementing the system. The implementation plan consists of the

following steps.

o List all files required for implementation.

o Identify all data required to build new files during the implementation.

91

o List all new documents and procedures that go into the new system.

The implementation plan should anticipate possible problems and must be able

to deal with them. The usual problems may be missing documents; mixed data

formats between current and files, errors in data translation, missing data etc

92

LIMITATIONS

AND

FUTURE SCOPE

Limitations

The new system has been designed to meet almost all of the user requirements

but it too has certain limitations some of which can be enhanced in the future

enhancements or updates.

93

Supports only Multiple choice and no Theory

The existing system supports only multiple choice questions and these

can be used only for the logic testing of the student whereas paper based tests

can provide a overall result of the users knowledge for that topic. This will do

injustice to users who are sometimes aware of answers but not sure completely.

It supports only two values True and False. If the selected answer is true the

user gets marks, If not loses.

No Image Support

The existing system has no image support at present and so images and

diagrams cannot be included in the exam which would make it very difficult to

ask certain questions in certain subjects. Providing diagrams externally is at

present the only feasible choice available.

No Back Option Available

The existing system also lacks a back option which would take a user to a

previously answered question in case he wants to check or change his choice.

This makes it very difficult and quite stressf ul for the user to choose an option

which is totally contrary to the theory tests in which the user can review and

change his answers. This has been an important point in the proposed

enhancements in the system.

94

Exam Time Cannot be Modified

The existing system allows the exam time to be set only once at the time

of system set up which cannot be changed as per desired and all the exams will

be conducted for the preset time only. If the user wants to increase or decrease

the time for exams the system will have to be set up again. This is also one of

the proposed enhancements.

Future Scope

Enhancements are the perquisite for development of a system. Every existing

system has proposed enhancements which make it better and easier to use and

more secure. The enhancements that have been proposed for this system are

listed here.

95

Including Image Support.

The existing system has no image support due to which the images

cannot be used. It will be one of the priorities in the proposed enhancements to

enable Image Support in the system.

Including Back Option

The new system will have a back option which will enable the users to

go back to previously answered questions and change them if needed. It will

enable the user a hassle free exam so that the user can properly utilize the total

time allotted for the test.

Facility to Set Exam Time.

The new system will allow the faculty to set the exam time for a

particular subject. It will increase the efficiency of the system greatly as it will

enable each subject to be tested for a different duration as desired and required.

.CONCLUSION

This project is about the designing the railway reservation system using M S

Access, as back end and Visual Basic 6.0 as front end. This project presents an

investigative view of present railway reservation system including the history of

booking tickets and cancelled tickets. Present system of railway reservation

96

system is having some shortcoming on which we have tried to work on that to

eliminate the disadvantages.

We have made a database for passengers and trains and connected these two

tables from the custom made data entry form built in Visual Basic 6.0. There are

options for new entry which will be stored in M S Access database and retrieved

from database in future.

This project was a small attempt to make the railway reservation system using

M S Access, and Visual Basic 6.0.

In the last we conclude that Indian Railway is having a strong IT Infrastructure

and a well- equipped railway reservation system but there is some shortcoming

in the system on which we have tried to work on it and successfully completed

our project.

97

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Books

A Complete Guide to Programming in Visual Basic .Net

A Complete Visual Basic 6 Training Course: How to Programme:

Package

Advanced Programming Using Visual Basic: Version 6.0

Access 2003 Power Programming with VBA

Advanced MS Visual Basic

Site Address

www.associatedcontent.com

www.members.tripod.com

www.vbcodesource.com

List of Tables

1. Train InfoDetails

2. Search For Train

98

http://www.vbcodesource.com/

http://www.members.tripod.com/

http://www.associatedcontent.com/

3. Reservation

4. Print Ticket

List of Figures

1. Data Flow Diagram

2. ER Diagram

99

Documents

59593608 Railway Reservation System Build in Visual Basic