58972852 Medium of the Visual Arts

8/10/2019 58972852 Medium of the Visual Arts

1/64


2/64

Medium

the means by which an artist communicates

an idea.

It is the stuff out of which the work of art is

created.


3/64

Sculpture

It is a three-dimensional form constructed to

represent a natural or imaginary shape.


4/64

Mediums in Sculpture

Stone it is durable; it resists weather, fire,

and all ordinary hazards. On the other hand, it

is heavy and expensive and breaks easily.


5/64

Marble

Of the stones, marble is the most beautiful. It

takes a high polish and is almost translucent.


6/64

Praxiteles, Hermes and Dionysus.


7/64

Limestone

Limestone is soft, but it does not polish well.


8/64

Granite Granite is coarse, but hard and is suitable for bold effects.

Augustus Saint-Gaudens,The Mystery of the Hereafter and The Peace of God that Passeth Understanding(often

called Grief)


9/64

Bronze

traditionally, bronze is the most commonly

used of the metals. In small statues, the

bronze is solid, but in large ones, solid metal

would be too heavy and too expensive. Most

bronze statues are hollow.


10/64


11/64

Wood

it is cheap, readily available, and easy to cut. It

can be painted or gilded. It is not brittle and

permits the sculptor to work in thin, extended

forms. It is capable of fine detail and polishes

well.


12/64

Wood Bodhisattva, Jin Dynasty (1115-1234 AD)


13/64

Ivory

it is used for small pieces, like crosses, chess

pieces, etc., in which very delicate carving is

needed because it is expensive and securing

large pieces is difficult. The color of ivory is a

rich, creamy yellow.


14/64

A piece of carved ivory from the Pushkin Museum representing Christ blessing

Emperor Constantine VII.

Dated back to 945, the piece passed from the treasury at Echmiadzin to the collection

of Count Sergey Uvarov in the mid-19th century.


15/64

Terra Cotta

the term means baked earth. It is made by

firing clay. It is usually painted and covered

with a heavy glaze. It is very cheap, and

brilliant colors are made possible by the

glazing. However, like all pottery, terra cotta is

easily broken and chipped.


16/64

Terra Cotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shi Huang the First Emperor of

China. The terracotta figures, dating from 210 BC, were discovered in 1974


17/64

Painting

It is the process of applying pigment on a

smooth surfacepaper, cloth, canvas, wood,

or plasterto secure an interesting

arrangement of forms, lines, and colors.


18/64

Pigments

Its the part of the paint which supplies the

color. It may come from natural or artificial

sources.


19/64

Vehicle

The substance that is mixed with the pigment

that allows the powder to be spread over a

flat surface.


20/64

Mediums in Painting

Oilthis is the most widely used medium for

painting. Oil can be applied so thinly that

canvas shows through or so thickly as to

produce a textured surface.


21/64

Paul Gauguin"Fatata te Miti" ("By the Sea")


22/64

Vincent Van Gogh, Self-Portrait,Summer 1887


23/64

Acrylic

is a synthetic medium for pigments. It is the

most adaptable of mediums for painting;

depending on the amount of water, it can be

used as paint or watercolor.


24/64

Natalja Picugina,Acrylic On Artist Canvas


25/64

Watercolor

the pigments are mixed with water and when

applied to a good-quality paper, it is pale and

light in color.


26/64

Thomas Girtin ,Jedburgh Abbey from the River,1798-99 (watercolor on paper)


27/64

The Blue Boat (1892) by Winslow Homer


28/64

Gouache

it is an opaque watercolour. It differs from

dominantly brilliant quality of translucent

watercolour painting.


29/64

Friedrich Schwinge, Self Portrait in Garden (1888),Gouache


30/64

Fresco

Fresco painting is the application of earth

pigments mixed with water on a plaster wall

while the plaster is damp. Color then sinks

into the surface and becomes an integral partof the wall.


31/64

Detail of mural by Jos Clemente Orozco at Baker Library,

Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire.


32/64

Egg tempera

it is usually done on a wooden panel that has

been made very smooth with a coating of

plaster. Because of its great luminosity of

tone, the colors are clear and beautiful.


33/64

Egg tempera


34/64

Madonna and Child by Duccio, tempera and gold on wood, 1284


35/64

Encaustic

Wax was used by the Egyptians for portraits

painted on mummy cases. There were several

ways of preparing the wax, but in general the

color was mixed with warm wax and burnedin.


36/64

Painted mummy cover of a young boy, dating to the Roman Period,2nd century A.D., made of encaustic on wood. On display at theMetropolitan Museum of Art.


37/64

A 6th-century encaustic icon from Saint Catherine'sMonastery, Mount Sinai.


38/64

Pastel

They are pigments in the form of powders are

compressed lightly into sticks. Its colors are

brilliant, and it is a very flexible medium, one

in which very rich and varied effects may beproduced.


39/64

Jean Baptiste Simeon Chardin. Self Portrait in pastel 1771


40/64


41/64

Drawing

Art or technique of producing images on a

surface, usually paper, by means of marks in

graphite, ink, chalk, charcoal, or crayon.

It is often a preliminary stage to work in other

media.


42/64

Male nude by Annibale Carracci, 16th century


43/64

Printmaking

Art form consisting of the production of

images, usually on paper but occasionally on

fabric, parchment, plastic, or other support,

by various techniques of multiplication, underthe direct supervision of or by the hand of the

artist.


44/64

Woodcut

The technique of printing designs from planks of

wood incised parallel to the vertical axis of the

woods grain. It is one of the oldest methods of

making prints from a relief surface, having been usedin China to decorate textiles since the 5th century ad.


45/64

Utagawa Kuniyoshi (1798-1861) 1845-46 (late Edo)mulberry paper,pigments. General Taira no Tomomori


46/64

Engraving

The technique of making prints from metal

plates into which a design has been incised

with a cutting tool called a burin.


47/64

Modern reproduction of Rembrandt's 1639 self portrait


48/64

Etching

a method of making prints from a metal plate,

usually copper, into which the design has been

incised by acid.


49/64

Christ Preaching, known as The Hundred Guilder print;etching c1648 by Rembrandt.


50/64

Lithography

In the lithographic process, ink is applied to a

grease-treated image on the flat printing

surface; nonimage (blank) areas, which hold

moisture, repel the lithographic ink. This inkedsurface is then printedeither directly on

paper, by means of a special press (as in most

fine-art printmaking), or onto a rubbercylinder (as in commercial printing).


51/64

Charles Marion Russell's The Custer Fight (1903). Notethe range of tones, fading out towards the edges.


52/64

Serigraphy

A sophisticated stenciling technique for

surface printing, in which a design is cut out of

paper or another thin, strong material and

then printed by rubbing, rolling, or sprayingpaint or ink through the cut out areas.


53/64

A silk screen design.


54/64

Photography

is the art, science, and practice of creating

pictures by recording radiation on a radiation-

sensitive medium, such as a photographic

film, or electronic image sensors.


55/64

Ansel Adams' The Tetons and the Snake River (1942).


56/64


57/64

Illumination

It is a handwritten book that has been

decorated with gold or silver, brilliant colours,

or elaborate designs or miniature pictures.


58/64

Illumination

Folio 4 verso of the Aberdeen

Bestiary. The illumination shows

the Christ in Majesty.

The illuminated letter P in the Malmesbury

Bible. The script is blackletter, also known as

Gothic script


59/64

Mosaic

Surface decoration of small coloured

componentssuch as stone, glass, tile, or

shellclosely set into an adhesive ground.


60/64

Mosaic

Casa del Poeta tragico a Pompei


61/64

Stained Glass

Coloured glass used to make decorative

windows and other objects through which

light passes.


62/64

Stained Glass

Detail of a 13th-century window from Chartres Cathedral


63/64

Tapestry

Heavy, reversible, patterned or figured

handwoven textile, usually in the form of a

hanging or upholstery fabric.

They are usually designed as single panels or

as sets of panels related by subject and style

and intended to be hung together.


64/64

Tapestry

Boar and Bear Hunt, The Devonshire Hunting Tapestries, late 1420sV&A M T 204 1957

Documents

58972852 Medium of the Visual Arts