50 States50 States

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DEFINITION OF DEFINITION OF GEOGRAPHYGEOGRAPHY

ge·og·ra·phyge·og·ra·phy11 :: a science that deals a science that deals with the description, with the description, distribution, and distribution, and interaction of the diverse interaction of the diverse physical, biological, and physical, biological, and cultural features of the cultural features of the earth's surfaceearth's surfaceSource-Merriam Webster Collegiate DictionarySource-Merriam Webster Collegiate Dictionary

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IN PLAIN ENGLISHIN PLAIN ENGLISH

Geography is the study of Geography is the study of the earth and everything the earth and everything

on it.on it.

K - StandardsK - Standards• Geographic Understandings SSKG1 The student will Geographic Understandings SSKG1 The student will

describe American culture by explaining diverse community describe American culture by explaining diverse community and family celebrations and customs. SSKG2 The student and family celebrations and customs. SSKG2 The student will explain that a map is a drawing of a place and a globe is will explain that a map is a drawing of a place and a globe is a model of the Earth. a model of the Earth.

• a. Differentiate land and water features on simple maps and a. Differentiate land and water features on simple maps and globes. globes.

• b. Explain that maps and globes show a view from above. b. Explain that maps and globes show a view from above.

• c. Explain that maps and globes show features in a smaller size. c. Explain that maps and globes show features in a smaller size.

• SSKG3 The student will state the street address, city, SSKG3 The student will state the street address, city, county, state, nation, and continent in which he or she lives. county, state, nation, and continent in which he or she lives.

11stst Grade Grade• SS1G1 The student will describe the cultural and SS1G1 The student will describe the cultural and

geographic systems associated with the historical figures in geographic systems associated with the historical figures in SS1H1a. SS1G2 The student will identify and locate his/her SS1H1a. SS1G2 The student will identify and locate his/her city, county, state, nation, and continent on a simple map city, county, state, nation, and continent on a simple map or a globe. SS1G3 The student will locate major or a globe. SS1G3 The student will locate major topographical features of the earth’s surface. topographical features of the earth’s surface.

• a. Locate all of the continents: North America, South America, a. Locate all of the continents: North America, South America, Africa, Europe, Asia, Antarctica, and Australia. Africa, Europe, Asia, Antarctica, and Australia.

• b. Locate the major oceans: Arctic, Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian. b. Locate the major oceans: Arctic, Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian.

• c. Identify and describe landforms (mountains, deserts, valleys, c. Identify and describe landforms (mountains, deserts, valleys, plains, plateaus, and coasts). plains, plateaus, and coasts).

22ndnd Grade GradeSS2G1 The student will locate major topographical features of SS2G1 The student will locate major topographical features of

Georgia and will describe how these features define Georgia’s Georgia and will describe how these features define Georgia’s surface. surface.

• a. Locate all the geographic regions of Georgia: Blue Ridge a. Locate all the geographic regions of Georgia: Blue Ridge Mountains, Piedmont, Coastal Plain, Valley and Ridge, and Mountains, Piedmont, Coastal Plain, Valley and Ridge, and Appalachian Plateau. Appalachian Plateau.

• b. Locate the major rivers: Ocmulgee, Oconee, Altamaha, Savannah, b. Locate the major rivers: Ocmulgee, Oconee, Altamaha, Savannah, St. Mary’s, Chattahoochee, and Flint. St. Mary’s, Chattahoochee, and Flint.

• SS2G2 The student will describe the cultural and geographic SS2G2 The student will describe the cultural and geographic systems associated with the historical figures in SS2H1 and systems associated with the historical figures in SS2H1 and Georgia’s Creeks and Cherokees. Georgia’s Creeks and Cherokees.

• a. Identify specific locations significant to the life and times of each a. Identify specific locations significant to the life and times of each historic figure on a political map. historic figure on a political map.

• b. Describe how place (physical and human characteristics) had an b. Describe how place (physical and human characteristics) had an impact on the lives of each historic figure. impact on the lives of each historic figure.

• c. Describe how each historic figure adapted to and was influenced by c. Describe how each historic figure adapted to and was influenced by his/her environment. his/her environment.

• d. Trace examples of travel and movement of these historic figures d. Trace examples of travel and movement of these historic figures and their ideas across time. and their ideas across time.

• e. Describe how the region in which these historic figures lived e. Describe how the region in which these historic figures lived affected their lives and compare these regions to the region in which affected their lives and compare these regions to the region in which the students live. the students live.

33rdrd Grade Grade• SS3G1 The student will locate major topographical features. SS3G1 The student will locate major topographical features. • a. Identify major rivers of the United States of America: Mississippi, Ohio, Rio a. Identify major rivers of the United States of America: Mississippi, Ohio, Rio

Grande, Colorado, Hudson. Grande, Colorado, Hudson. • b. Identify major mountain ranges of the United States of America: b. Identify major mountain ranges of the United States of America:

Appalachian, Rocky. Appalachian, Rocky. • c. Locate the Equator, Prime Meridian, and lines of latitude and longitude on a c. Locate the Equator, Prime Meridian, and lines of latitude and longitude on a

globe. globe. • d. Locate Greece on a world map. d. Locate Greece on a world map. • SS3G2 The student will describe the cultural and geographic systems SS3G2 The student will describe the cultural and geographic systems

associated with the historical figures in SS3H2a. associated with the historical figures in SS3H2a. • a. Identify on a political map specific locations significant to the life and times a. Identify on a political map specific locations significant to the life and times

of these historical figures. of these historical figures. • b. Describe how place (physical and human characteristics) had an impact on b. Describe how place (physical and human characteristics) had an impact on

the lives of these historical figures. the lives of these historical figures. • c. Describe how each of these historical figures adapted to and was influenced c. Describe how each of these historical figures adapted to and was influenced

by his/her environment. by his/her environment. • d. Trace examples of travel and movement of these historical figures and their d. Trace examples of travel and movement of these historical figures and their

ideas across time. ideas across time. • e. Describe how the regions in which these historical figures lived affected e. Describe how the regions in which these historical figures lived affected

their lives and had an impact on their cultural identification. their lives and had an impact on their cultural identification.

44thth Grade Grade• SS4G1 The student will be able to locate important physical and man-SS4G1 The student will be able to locate important physical and man-

made features in the United States. made features in the United States. • a. Locate major physical features of the United States; include the Atlantic a. Locate major physical features of the United States; include the Atlantic

Coastal Plain, the Great Plains, the Continental Divide, the Great Basin, Death Coastal Plain, the Great Plains, the Continental Divide, the Great Basin, Death Valley, the Gulf of Mexico, the St. Lawrence River, and the Great Lakes. Valley, the Gulf of Mexico, the St. Lawrence River, and the Great Lakes.

• b. Locate major man-made features; include New York City, NY; Boston, MA; b. Locate major man-made features; include New York City, NY; Boston, MA; Philadelphia, PA; and the Erie Canal. Philadelphia, PA; and the Erie Canal.

• SS4G2 The student will describe how physical systems affect human SS4G2 The student will describe how physical systems affect human systems. systems.

• a. Explain why each of the Native American groups (SS4H1a) occupied the a. Explain why each of the Native American groups (SS4H1a) occupied the areas they did, with emphasis on why some developed permanent villages and areas they did, with emphasis on why some developed permanent villages and others did not. others did not.

• b. Describe how the early explorers (SS4H2a) adapted, or failed to adapt, to b. Describe how the early explorers (SS4H2a) adapted, or failed to adapt, to the various physical environments in which they traveled. the various physical environments in which they traveled.

• c. Explain how the physical geography of the New England, Mid-Atlantic, and c. Explain how the physical geography of the New England, Mid-Atlantic, and Southern colonies helped determine economic activities practiced therein. Southern colonies helped determine economic activities practiced therein.

• d. Explain how each force (American and British) attempted to use the d. Explain how each force (American and British) attempted to use the physical geography of each battle site to its benefit (SS4H4c). physical geography of each battle site to its benefit (SS4H4c).

• e. Describe physical barriers that hindered and physical gateways that e. Describe physical barriers that hindered and physical gateways that benefited territorial expansion from 1801 to 1861 (SS4H6a). benefited territorial expansion from 1801 to 1861 (SS4H6a).

55thth Grade Grade• SS5G1 The student will locate important places in the SS5G1 The student will locate important places in the

United States. United States. • a. Locate important physical features; include the Grand Canyon, a. Locate important physical features; include the Grand Canyon,

Salton Sea, Great Salt Lake, and Mojave Desert. Salton Sea, Great Salt Lake, and Mojave Desert. • b. Locate important man-made places; include the Chisholm Trail; b. Locate important man-made places; include the Chisholm Trail;

Pittsburgh, PA; Gettysburg, PA; Kitty Hawk, NC; Pearl Harbor, Pittsburgh, PA; Gettysburg, PA; Kitty Hawk, NC; Pearl Harbor, HI; and Montgomery, AL. HI; and Montgomery, AL.

• SS5G2 The student will explain the reasons for the spatial SS5G2 The student will explain the reasons for the spatial patterns of economic activities. patterns of economic activities.

• a. Explain how factors such as population, transportation, and a. Explain how factors such as population, transportation, and resources influenced industrial location in the United States resources influenced industrial location in the United States between the end of the Civil War and 1900. between the end of the Civil War and 1900.

• b. Locate primary agricultural and industrial locations since the b. Locate primary agricultural and industrial locations since the turn of the 20th century and explain how factors such as turn of the 20th century and explain how factors such as population, transportation, and resources have influenced these population, transportation, and resources have influenced these areas. areas.

THE 5 THEMES OF THE 5 THEMES OF GEOGRAPHYGEOGRAPHY

THE FIVE THEMES OF THE FIVE THEMES OF GEOGRAPHYGEOGRAPHY

•LocationLocation•PlacePlace•Human-Environment Human-Environment

InteractionInteraction•MovementMovement•RegionsRegions

LOCATIONLOCATIONWhere are we?Where are we?

• Absolute Absolute LocationLocation– A latitude and A latitude and

longitude (global longitude (global location) or a street location) or a street address (local address (local location).location).

– Paris France is 48Paris France is 48o o

North Latitude and 2North Latitude and 2oo East Longitude.East Longitude.

– The White House is The White House is located at 1600 located at 1600 Pennsylvania Ave. Pennsylvania Ave.

• Relative Relative LocationLocation– Described by Described by

landmarks, time, landmarks, time, direction or direction or distance. From one distance. From one place to another.place to another.

– Go 1 mile west on Go 1 mile west on main street and main street and turn left for 1 turn left for 1 block.block.

You

are

Her

e

PLACEPLACE

What is it like there, what kind of place is it?What is it like there, what kind of place is it?

• Human Human CharacteristiCharacteristicscs

• What are the main What are the main languages, customs, languages, customs, and beliefs.and beliefs.

• How many people How many people live, work, and visit live, work, and visit a place.a place.

• Physical Physical CharacteristiCharacteristicscs

• Landforms Landforms (mountains, rivers, (mountains, rivers, etc.), climate, etc.), climate, vegitation, wildlife, vegitation, wildlife, soil, etc.soil, etc.

HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONINTERACTION

• How do humans and the How do humans and the environment affect each other?environment affect each other?– We depend on it.We depend on it.

• People depend on the Tennessee River for water People depend on the Tennessee River for water and transportation.and transportation.

– We modify it.We modify it.• People modify our environment by People modify our environment by

heating and cooling buildings for comfort.heating and cooling buildings for comfort.

– We adapt to it.We adapt to it. • We adapt to the environment by wearing We adapt to the environment by wearing

clothing suitable for summer (shorts) and clothing suitable for summer (shorts) and winter (coats), rain and shine.winter (coats), rain and shine.

MOVEMENTMOVEMENT

• How are people, goods, ideas moved How are people, goods, ideas moved from place to place?from place to place?– Human MovementHuman Movement

• Trucks, Trains, PlanesTrucks, Trains, Planes

– Information MovementInformation Movement• Phones, computer (email), mailPhones, computer (email), mail

– Idea MovementIdea Movement• How do fads move from place to place? How do fads move from place to place?

TV, Radio, MagazinesTV, Radio, Magazines

REGIONSREGIONS

• How are Regions similar to and How are Regions similar to and different from other places?different from other places?– Formal RegionsFormal Regions

• Regions defined by governmental or administrative Regions defined by governmental or administrative boundaries (States, Countries, Cities)boundaries (States, Countries, Cities)

• Regions defined by similar characteristics (Corn Belt, Regions defined by similar characteristics (Corn Belt, Rocky Mountain region, Chinatown).Rocky Mountain region, Chinatown).

– Functional RegionsFunctional Regions• Regions defined by a function (newspaper service Regions defined by a function (newspaper service

area, cell phone coverage area).area, cell phone coverage area).

– Vernacular Regions (Not in your book)Vernacular Regions (Not in your book)• Regions defined by peoples perception (middle east, Regions defined by peoples perception (middle east,

the south, etc.)the south, etc.)

Remembering the 5 Remembering the 5 themesthemes

• If you can’t remembering what If you can’t remembering what they are just ask MR. HELP!!!they are just ask MR. HELP!!!•MM – Movement – Movement•RR – Regions – Regions•HEHE – Human Environment – Human Environment interactioninteraction

•LL – Location – Location•PP - Place - Place

Quiz AboutQuiz AboutThe Five Themes of The Five Themes of

Geography Geography

Click the bell to the left of the correct Click the bell to the left of the correct answer.answer.

Applause will sound if the answer is correct.Applause will sound if the answer is correct.A gong will sound if the answer is incorrect.A gong will sound if the answer is incorrect.

A key to the quiz follows the last slide.A key to the quiz follows the last slide.You may continue answering each question You may continue answering each question

until the correct answer is found.until the correct answer is found.

Click on the orange arrow key to progress through the quizClick on the orange arrow key to progress through the quiz. .

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Question 1Question 1Which of the following is Which of the following is NOT a geography theme?NOT a geography theme?A. movementA. movement

C. regionC. region

B. human-B. human-environmental environmental interactioninteraction

D. peopleD. people

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Question 2Question 2 Which of the following is an Which of the following is an

example of Human-example of Human-Environmental Interaction?Environmental Interaction?

A. getting the mailA. getting the mail

C. playing GameboyC. playing Gameboy

B. watching TVB. watching TV

D. Rainforest D. Rainforest ClearingClearing

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A. Geographica A. Geographica InstituteInstitute

C. National Council C. National Council for Social for Social StudiesStudies

B. National Geographic B. National Geographic SocietySociety

D. Social Studies D. Social Studies Teachers of Teachers of AmericaAmerica

Question 3Question 3Which of the following helped Which of the following helped

create the 5 Themes of create the 5 Themes of Geography?Geography?

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Question 4Question 4 Which of the following is an example of Which of the following is an example of

PLACEPLACE??

A. Deep SouthA. Deep South

C. Dodge County C. Dodge County Middle SchoolMiddle School

B. McDonaldsB. McDonalds

D. Skating rinkD. Skating rink

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Question 5Question 5 Which of the following is NOT an Which of the following is NOT an

example of Location?example of Location?

A. Springfield, A. Springfield, MissouriMissouri

C. GeorgiaC. Georgia

B. B. Dodge County Middle Dodge County Middle SchoolSchool

1103 Herman Ave1103 Herman Ave

Eastman, GA 31023Eastman, GA 31023

D. the hillsD. the hills

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Question 6Question 6Which of Which of thethe following is an following is an

example of region?example of region?

A. GeorgiaA. Georgia

C. United StatesC. United States

B. South AmericaB. South America

D. The MidwestD. The Midwest

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Question 7Question 7 What is the name of a person who studies What is the name of a person who studies

the earth and everything on it?the earth and everything on it? A. PhotographerA. Photographer

C. GeographerC. Geographer

B. CartographerB. Cartographer

D. MapographerD. Mapographer

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KeyKey

• 1) D1) D• 2) D2) D• 3) B3) B• 4) A4) A• 5) B5) B• 6) D6) D• 7) C7) C