4478699

PATENT ABSTRACTS

P H O T O S Y N T H E T I C S O L A R E N E R G Y C O L L E C T O R A N D

P R O C E S S F O R I T S U S E

Martin M Halmann. Mira Ulman, Benedict Aurian-Blajeni, Rehovot, Israel assigned to Yeda Research & Development Company Ltd

A device for the photosynthetic reduction of car- bon dioxide and water by sunlight to formic acid, formaldehyde and methanol in the presence of semiconducting photoactive materials. Using preferred compositions of photoactive materials, selected from oxides and sulfides of copper, iron, molybdenum, ruthenium, lead, titanium, and from mixtures of any of these, and from barium titanate, calcium titanate, and strontium titanate, this photochemical solar col- lector also achieves photothermal energy con- version, thus providing the energy required for continuous distillation and recovery of the above organic materials produced.

4478817

D E T E C T I N G O R Q U A N T I F Y I N G S U B S T A N C E S U S I N G L A B E L L I N G

T E C H N I Q U E S

Anthony K Campbell, John S A Simpson, James S Woodhead, Cardiff, United Kingdom as- signed to The Welsh National School of Medicine

The invention relates to a method of detecting, analyzing, quantifying or locating a protein, antibody, antigen, hapten, hormone, metabolite, nucleic acid or steroid, in which the substance of interest is linked to a chemi-luminescent or bio- luminescent label. A luminescent reaction is then triggered by the addition of an oxidizing agent or a catalyst and the emitted light is observed in order to provide information about the sub- stance. The invention employs a luminescent reagent which consists of antibodies labelled with a luminescent material such as luminol. The luminescent reagent can be used to quantify anti- gens in an immunological assay. The lumines- cent labelled antibodies selectively bind to the

95

antigens and the amount of light emitted in a luminescent reaction gives an indication of the amount of antigens present. A luminescent label- led substance can also be reacted with an anti- body or antigen labelled with a fluorescent material in order to carry out a homogeneous as- say.

4478934

D E T E R M I N A T I O N O F A D E N O S I N E BY I M M U N O A S S A Y

I N V O L V I N G A C Y L A T I O N O F T H E A D E N O S I N E

Tomokazu Sato, Michio Ui, Choshi, Japan as- signed to Yamasa Shoyu Kabushiki Kaisha

A method of quantative determination of adenosine by means, of competitive immuno- assay based on a competitive antigen-antibody reaction. In the competitive antigen-antibody reaction, an antibody is used which is obtained from an animal which has been immunized by in- troduction thereto of an antigen which com- prises a carrier protein bonded with 2'- and 3'- hydroxyls of the adenosine through dicarboxylic acid residues, and a labelled adenosine and 2',3'- diacyladenosine which has been produced by ac- ylation of adenosine in the sample to be assayed or in a standard solution are caused to undergo competitive reaction for the antibody whereby it has been made possible to determine adenosine quantitatively in high sensitivity and in high ac- curacy.

4478946

C A R R I E R B O U N D I M M U N O S O R B E N T

Merwe Kirsten J Van der, Alfred Poison, Stellen- bosch, South Africa assigned to South African Inventions Development Corporation

I

The invention provides an immnno-reactant, being either an antigen or an antibody covalently bonded to a cross-linked film, more particularly composed of cross-linked protein or peptides, enveloping a carrier body, e.g. a solid, non- porous glass bead of 6 mm diameter. The immuno-logically active parts of the immuno- reactant are present on the surface in a form in which they are available for immunosorption. If the immuno-reactant is a protein, e.g. an anti- body, it can provide all or part of the film-

96 PATENT ABSTRACTS

forming material. In a particular embodiment the film carries antibodies against a second type of antibody which is captured immunosorptively to form a double layer carrier-bound immuno- sorbent, the antigen capturing sites of the second type of antibody providing the immunosorption sites of the product. The immunosorbents are used, for example, for RIA or ELISA assays.

4 4 8 0 0 2 9

B I O L O G I C A L I N D I C A T O R S A N D T H E I R U S E

Gary H Dolana assigned to Baxter Travenol Laboratories Inc

Biological indicators are used to evaluate the ef- fectiveness of virus inactivation conducted on virus-contaminated, protein-containing com- positions. The indicators comprise dry protein and a predetermined titer of infectious virus.

4 4 8 1 2 9 1

P R O C E S S F O R D E T E R M I N I N G S T R E P T O C O C C A L

D E S O X Y R I B O N U C L E A S E B A C C O R D I N G T O T H E

T O L U I D I N E B L U E O M E T H O D

Reiner Gils. Wetter, Federal Republic Of Ger- many assigned to Behringwerke Aktiengesel- Ischaft

A process is described for determining the desoxyribonuclease B and antibodies directed against desoxyribonuclease B. A toluidine blue O/DNA complex and a precipitating agent are used in this process.

4483921

I M M U N O A S S A Y W I T H A N T I G E N O R A N T I B O D Y L A B E L E D

L I P O S O M E S S E Q U E S T E R I N G E N Z Y M E

4 4 8 0 0 4 1

U S E O F P H O S P H O T R 1 E S T E R I N T E R M E D I A T E S F O R

P R E P A R A T I O N O F F U N C T I O N A L I Z E D L I P O S O M E S

Arthur Myles, Say-Jong Law~ Frank Cole as- signed to Collaborative Research Inc

o II

R2-- CH:-- CH-- CH2--O-- p - - o ~ R3-- A

O--Y

OCR" II O

O II

R2--CH:- -CH--CH2--O- - P - - O ~ R I - - A ; and I I R 1 o n

A method of forming an analyte-functionalized liposome for use in immunoassay techniques em- ploys a phosphotriester intermediate of a phospholipid derivatized with the desired ana- lyre in a process of forming a liposome which is functionalized on its outer surface with the ana- lyte and which carries an enzyme marker. The method is also used to functionalize the liposome with a ligand which acts as a leash between the analyte and the liposome. Liposomes produced by the method include penicillin-G- functionalized liposome.

Francis X Cole assigned to Collaborative Research Inc

An immunoassay method utilizes antigen tag- ged, enzyme encapsulating liposomes which are immunospecifically ruptured in the presence of cognate antibody and active complement. A homogeneous phase reaction occurs with the antibody and complement acting to release the enzyme if an immunospecific antigen-antibody complex is formed at the surface of the liposome. The positions of the antigen and antibody can be reversed.

4 4 8 3 9 2 6

M E T H O D F O R M E A S U R I N G A N T I B I O T I C L E V E L S IN B L O O D

S E R U M

George M Fukui, Herbert J Spencer, Laurens Williams assigned to Abbott Laboratories

This invention encompasses methods and rea- gents for inactivation of bacterial growth in- hibitors present in blood, serum or plasma. It has been found that salicylates and closely related compounds will neutralize bacterial growth in- hibitors present in the blood of many patients. The addition of salicylate to conventional growth medium also provides a reagent for monitoring the antibiotic levels in blood by enabling measurement of the effect of the anti- biotic against a standard test organism without interference from the bacterial growth inhibitor present in sera.