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7/29/2019 4. Adolescence
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ADOLESCENCE
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During the 5-7 years of pubertal development,
adolescents gain about 20% of adult height
and 50% of adult weight. Most of the bodyorgans double in size, and almost half of totalbone growth occurs.
In this stage, males now put on twice as
much muscle as females, and females gainproportionally more fat. In adolescent girls, anincreasing amount of fat is being stored under the
skin, particularly in the abdominal area. The male
also experiences a greater increase in bone mass
than does the female.
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Nutrition During Adolescence
Male
Need more kcal, protein,
calcium, iron and zinc formuscle and bone
development.
More likely to than girls to
get sufficient nutrients.
Female
Need increased in iron
due to the onset of
menstruation.
When they feel that they
are overweight they tend
to modify their food
choices.
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Nutrition During AdolescenceMale
May take nutrition
supplements and fill up
on protein in hopes of
becoming more muscular. the males for both age
groups have higher
energy allowance than
female because of moreintense physical activities.
Female
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The diet of adolescents must be high in
all protective nutrients especially
protein, calcium and iron to meet theincreased demands for accelerated
growth and increase in bone and muscle
mass. Aligaen and Florencios (1980) study
among households in Metro Manila
showed that adolescents had the poorest
nutrient consumption compared with
other members of the household
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Menu Planning forAdolescents1. Emphasize complex carbohydrates such as
assorted breads, rolls, cereals, fruits, etc.
2. Offer well-trimmed lean beef, poultry, and fish.
3. Low-fat and skim milk need to be offered at allmeals.
4. Offer margarine.
5. Have nutritious choices available for hungry on-
the-run adolescents looking for a snack.
6. Offer foods rich in iron, folate and calcium.
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Concern over Teenagers
Nutritional Status:
This is a period marked by a level of physical
and emotional growth that often results in stress
and anxiety, which in turn influence physiologic,
psychological and social behaviour, all of whichaffect nutritional behaviour.
Incidence of dietary inadequacies is higher
during adolescence, the stage at which the
results of lack are far reaching.
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Improving the Diet ofTeenagers
a. Always take into consideration that he is
undergoing complex and interrelated changes both
physical and emotional which affect his nutritional
behaviour.
b. Nutrition Education is an effective method to in still
good food habits but it has to be done in such a
way that teenagers are reached within the context
of the peer groups.
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3. The needs and interests of the adolescents canbe used as motivating forces towards improving
their diet.
4. Integration of nutrition in school curriculummust be flexible and innovative. Adolescents
must see the relationship of good nutrition to
their whole life.
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Signs of Good Nutrition inTeenagers
Shiny and lustrous hair
Skin that is smooth, slightly moist and of
good color.
bright and clear eyes with no fatigue
circles under them
discoloration
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Lips that are of good color
Pink gums with no swelling or bleeding.
Tongue of good color and without lesions
Teeth that are straight and without
crowding, clean well-shaped jaw without