34. CALCAREOUS NANNOFOSSIL BIOSTRATIGRAPHY—LEG 31, … · 34. CALCAREOUS NANNOFOSSIL BIOSTRATIGRAPHY—LEG 31, DSDP C. Howard Ellis, Marathon Oil Company, Littleton, Colorado INTRODUCTION

34. CALCAREOUS NANNOFOSSIL BIOSTRATIGRAPHY—LEG 31, DSDP

C. Howard Ellis, Marathon Oil Company, Littleton, Colorado

INTRODUCTION

Leg 31 of the Deep Sea Drilling Project occupied 13sites and drilled 17 holes in the western Pacific regionfrom June to August 1973 (Figure 1). Thirteen holeswere drilled at nine sites in the Philippine Sea and fiveholes at four sites in the Sea of Japan. The lightmicroscope was used to examine 825 samples, and fromthese, 43 critical samples were selected for further studywith the scanning electron microscope. The samplesrange in age from middle or late Eocene to latePleistocene with continuous core coverage through thePleistocene, Pliocene, Miocene, and Oligocene.

NANNOFOSSIL ZONATION

The zonation used for nannofossil age determinationsthroughout this report is that proposed by Bukry(1973a, 1973b) for low latitudes (Figure 2). This schemewas found to apply to most of the assemblages observedin samples from the Philippine Sea. Samples from Sites294 and 295 in the northern portion of the West Philip-pine Basin could not be assigned to specific zonesbecause indigenous age-diagnostic nannofossils werenot recovered; only sparse reworked Eocene forms wereobserved. Three Pleistocene zones can be recognized inareas of higher latitude (Sea of Japan) where nan-nofossils were recovered. However, very few nannofossil

AGE

HOLOCENE

PLE

IS-

TOC

ENE

OLI

GO

CE

NE

MIO

CE

NE

PLI

OC

EN

EEO

C.

d

<

EA

RLY

J

S

ZONE SUBZONE

Emiliania huxleyi

Gephyrocapsa oceanica

Gephyrocapsa doronicoides

Dlscoaster brouweri

Reticulofenestra pεeudoumbilica

Cáratolithus tricorniculatus

Discoaster quinqueramus

Discoaster neohamatuε

Gephyrocapsa caribbeanica

Emiliania annula

Cyclococcolithina macintyrei

Diεcoaεter pentaradiatuε

Diεcoaεter tamalis

Discoaεter asymmetricus

Sphenolithus neoabieε

Ceratolithuε rugosuε

Ceratolithuε acutus

Triquetrorhabdulus rugosuε

Ceratolithus primus

Discoaster berggrenii

Discoaεter neorectus

Diεcoaster belluε

Discoaster hamatus

Catinaster coalitus

Discoaster exilisDiεcoaster kugleri

Coccolithuε miopelagicαs

Sphenolithus heteroπorphus

Helicopontosphaera ampliaperta

Sphenolithus belemnos

Triquetrorhabdulus carinatus

Diεcoaεter druggii

Discoaεter deflandrei

Cyclicargolithuε abisectuε

Sphenolithus ciperoensis

Sphenolithuε diεtentuε

Sphenolithus prediεtentuε

Reticulofenestra hillae

Coccolithus εubdistichus

Discoaεter barbadienεis

Reticαlofenestra umbilicaDiscoaster saipanensis

Diεcoaster bifax

Figure 1. Location of sites cored in the Philippine Sea andthe Sea of Japan during DSDP Leg 31.

Figure 2. Calcareous nannofossil zonation scheme used forLeg 31.

assemblages older than early Pleistocene were observedin these samples because of cold-water influence andadverse depositional conditions.

An attempt has been made to compare the zonationscheme used in this report with that of Martini (1971).In Figure 3 these zonations have been placed in aradiometric age framework compiled from Berggren(1972) and Berggren and Van Couvering (1973).

BIOSTRATIGRAPHY

The nannofossil zones represented in the core samplesrecovered from the Philippine Sea are listed in Table 1,and those from the Sea of Japan are listed in Table 2.Nearly complete zonal coverage is present in samplesfrom Site 292 which was continuously cored from theHolocene to the late Eocene. Site 296, anotherbiostratigraphic control hole, was cored continuouslyfrom the Holocene to the late Oligocene; the remainderof the hole was cored intermittently to the basal part ofthe late Oligocene or upper part of the early Oligocene.Virtually all of the zones described for the intervalpenetrated at Site 296 can be recognized.

Only fair nannofossil recovery was observed in theholes drilled in the Sea of Japan. Good Pleistocene zonalrepresentation was recognized in the biostratigraphiccontrol Site 299 and at Site 301. However, nannofossilrecovery from pre-Pleistocene intervals in all of the Seaof Japan holes was poor at best, or entirely lacking.

655

C. H. ELLIS

TIME

(m.y.)

-

10 —

15 —

2 0 —

-

-

25 —

30 —

35 —

_

4 0 —

-

AGE

UJ

UJ u

z

.IO

C

a.

z

OC

E

S

EN

EO

LIG

OC

OC

EN

EUJ

LATE

>

<UJ

LA

TE

oQ

S

EA

RL

YL

AT

ER

LY

<

LA

TE

)DLE

S

ZONATION(this paper)

, E. huxleyi ,G. oceanica

G. caribbeanica

C. macintyreiD. pentaradiatus

D. tamalisD. asyrmetricus

S. neoabJ.esC. rugosusC. arcus

T. rugosusC. primus

D. berggreni i

D. neorectus

D. bellus

D. hamatus

/ c coalitus ^' D. kugleri ~•

C. miopelagicusS. beteromorphus

H. ampliaperta

S. beleπmos

D. druggii

D. deflandrei

D. abisectus

S. ciperoensis

S. distentus

S. predistentus

R. hillae

C. formosa

C. εubdistichus

D. barbadiensis

D. saipanensiε

D. bifax

ZONATION(Martini, 1971)

_ N N 2 1 ~-

NN19

NN18

NNló

NN15NN14NN13

NN12

NN11

NN10

NN9

NN8NN7NN6

NN5

NN4

NN3

NN2

NN1

NP25

NP24

NP23

NP22

NP21

NP20

NPlβ

NP17

NP16

^ E. huxleyi r-~\ G. oceanica /~

P. lacunosa

D. brouweri

D. pentaradiatus

R. pseudoumbilica

D. asymmetricusC. rugosus

C. tricorniculatus

D. calcariε

D. hamatus

C. coalitusD. kugleriD. exilis

S. heteromorphus

H. ampliaperta

S. belemnos

D. druggii

T. carinatus

S. distentus

S. predistentus

H. reticulata

E. subdisticha

S. pseudoradianε

C. oamaruensis

D. saipanensis

D. tani nodifer

Figure 3. Comparison of calcareous nannofossil zonationschemes with radiometric time.

656

SYSTEMATIC PALEONTOLOGY

Twenty-six genera and 105 species were recognized during the studyof the core samples from the Leg 31 holes.

Bibliographic references of previously described species can befound in Loeblich and Tappan (1966, 1968, 1969, 1970a, 1970b, 1971,1973); Bukry (1973a); and Roth (1973). Frequent reference was madeto Bramlette and Wilcoxon (1967a, b), Roth (1970), and Roth et al.(1971) in the study of Oligocene and Miocene sphenoliths. Haq (1973)provided valuable information regarding the biostratigraphic oc-currences of helicopontosphaerids.

Genus ANGULOLITHINA Bukry, 1973

Angulolithina area Bukry

Angulolithina area Bukry, 1973a, p. 675, pi. 1, fig. 1-5.

Genus ASPIDORHABDUS Hay and Towe, 1962

Aspidorhabdus stylifer (Lohmann)

Rhabdosphaera stylifer Lohmann, 1902, p. 143, pi. 5, fig. 65.Aspidorhabdus stylifer (Lohmann). Boudreaux and Hay, 1969, p. 269,

pi. 5, fig. 11-15.

Genus BRAARUDOSPHAERA Deflandre, 1947

Braarudosphaera bigelowi (Gran and Braarud)

Pontosphaera bigelowi Gran and Braarud, 1935, p. 389, fig. 67.Braarudosphaera bigelowi (Gran and Braarud). Deflandre, 1947, p.

439, fig. 1-5.

Braarudosphaera discula Bramlette and Riedel

Braarudosphaera discula Bramlette and Riedel, 1954, p. 394, pi. 38,fig. 7.

Genus BRAMLETTEIUS Gartner, 1969

Bramletteius serraculoides Gartner

Bramletteius serraculoides Gartner, 1969a, p. 31, pi. 1, fig. 1-3.

Genus CATINASTER Martini and Bramlette, 1963

Catinaster coalitus Martini and Bramlette

Catinaster coalitus Martini and Bramlette, 1963, p. 851, pi. 103, fig. 7-10.

Genus CERATOLITHUS Kamptner, 1950

Ceratolithus cristatus Kamptner

Ceratolithus cristatus Kamptner, 1954, p. 43, fig. 44, 45.

Ceratolithus primus Bukry and Percival

Ceratolithus primus Bukry and Percival, 1971, p. 126, pi. 1, fig. 12-14.Bukry, 1973a, p. 676, pi. 1, fig. 11.

Ceratolithus rugosus Bukry and Bramlette

Ceratolithus rugosus Bukry and Bramlette, 1968, p. 152, pi. 1, fig. 5-9.Ceratolithus tricorniculatus GartnerCeratolithus tricorniculatus Gartner, 1967, p. 5, pi. 10, fig. 4-6. Bukry,

1973a, p. 676.

Genus COCCOLITHUS Schwarz, 1894

Coccolithus eopelagicus (Bramlette and Riedel)

Tremalitus eopelagicus Bramlette and Riedel, 1954, p. 392, pi. 38, fig.2a, b.

Coccolithus eopelagicus (Bramlette and Riedel). Bramlette andSullivan, 1961, p. 141. Roth, 1973, p. 730, pi. 8, fig. 2,4; pi. 9, fig. 3,4, 6; pi. 10, fig. 4; pi. 11, fig. 3.

Coccolithus miopelagicus Bukry

Coccolithus miopelagicus Bukry, 1971a, p. 310, pi. 2, fig. 6-9.

Coccolithus pelagicus (Wallich)

Coccosphaera pelagica Wallich, 1877, p. 348, pi. 17, fig. 1, 2, 5, 11, 12.Coccolithus pelagicus (Wallich). Schiller, 1930, p. 246, fig. 123, 124.

TABLE 1Geologic and Zonal Age of Leg 31 Cores from the Philippine Sea

SERIES ORSUBSERIES

HOLOCENE

PLEISTOCENE

UPPER

PLIOCENE

LOWERPLIOCENE

UPPER

MIOCENE

MIDDLE

MIOCENE

LOWER

MIOCENE

OLIGOCENE

UPPER EOCENE

MIDDLE

EOCENE

ZONE OR SUBZONE

Emiliania huxleyi•

Gephyrocapsa oceanica


Emiliania annula

Cyclococcolithina macintyreiDiscoaster pentaradiatusDiscoaster tamalis

Discoaster asymmetricus

Sphenolithus neoabies

Ceratolithus rugosus

Ceratolithus acutus

Triquetrorhabdulus rugosusCeratolithus primus

Discoaster berggrenii

Discoaster neorectusDiscoaster bellusDiscoaster hamatusCatinaster coalitusDiscoaster kugleri

Coccolithus miopelagicus

Sphenolithus heteroπrorphus

Helicopontosphaera ampliapertaSphenolithus belemnosDiscoaster druggii

Discoaster deflandreiCyclicargolithus abisectus

Sphenolithus ciperoensisSphenolithus distentus

Sphenolithus predistentus

Reticulofenestra hillae

Cyclococcolithina formosaCoccolithus subdistichus

Discoaster barbadiensis

Discoaster saipanensisDiscoaster bifax

DSDP HOLES

2 9 0

1

3-1/5-1

5-3/6cc

7-1/8-5

290A

1/2

291

1

2/3-1

3-l/4cc

5?

291A

1/3

292

1-1/1-2l-3/2cc

3 - 1

3-2/3-3

3-4/4-4

4-5/5-15 - 2

5-3/5cc

6-1/6-2

6 - 3

6-4/8cc

9-l/9cc10-1

10-2/lOcc

11-1/11-5

11-6/12-5

12cc/13-513-6/14-214-3/16cc17-1/18-1

18-3/25-1

25cc/32-l32cc/34-2

34 cc?

35-1/36-1

36-2/39cc

293

1 cc?

8-2/9cc

294

ou_

Z

oI ΛUJ

y

o_,in

O

O

Z<

z

295

α

zoI Λ

o

ooz.<z

2 9 6

1-1/3-13-3/5-2

5-4/7-2

7-4/7cc

8-1/8-38-4/10-410-5/llcc

12-1/15-415cc/16-l16-2/17cc

18-1/19-4

19-5/22-6

22cc/23-2

23-3/24cc25-1/25-425cc/27cc

28-l/28cc

29-1/31-331-4/32-332-4/33-133-2/33cc34-l/37cc

38-l/52cc

2 9 7

lcc/5-6

5cc/ll-3

11-4

11 cc

27

298

lcc/4-14cc/7-l

7cc/16cc

298A

1

>

α

IZZ

ooCΛ

to

ON

>

o>

C. H. ELLIS

TABLE 2Geologic and Zonal Age of Leg 31 Cores from the Sea of Japan

SERIES ORSUBSERIES

HOLOCENE

PLEISTOCENE

UPPERPLIOCENE

LOWERPLIOCENE

UPPERMIOCENE

ZONE OR SUBZONE

Emiliania huxleyiGephyrocapsa oceanicaGephyrocapsa caribbeanicaEmiliania annulaCyclococcolithina macintyreiDiscoaster pentaradiatusDiscoaster tamalisDiscoaster asymmetricusSphenolithus neoabiesCeratolithus rugosusCeratolithus acutusTriquetrorhabdulus rugosusCeratolithus primusDiscoaster berggreniiDiscoaster neorectusDiscoaster bellus

DSDP HOLES2991/8

9/15-215-4/30cc

38-6?

3001/2

3012-3/2-5

2 cc4

6?

302

1/3

10/17?

Genus CORONOCYCLUS Hay, Mohler, and Wade, 1966

Coronocyclus serratus Hay, Mohler, and Wade

Coronocyclus serratus Hay, Mohler, and Wade, 1966, p. 394, pi. 11,fig. 1-5.

Genus CYCLICARGOLITHUS Bukry, 1971

Cyclicargolithus abisectus (Müller)

Coccolithus? abisectus Midler, 1970, p. 92, pi. 9, fig. 9,10; pi. 12, fig. 1.Cyclicargolithus abisectus (Müller). Bukry, 1973b, p. 703.Reticulofenestra abisecta (Müller). Roth, 1973, p. 731, pi. 6, fig. 5; pi.

7, fig. 2.Cyclicargolithus floridanus (Roth and Hay)

Coccolithus floridanus Roth and Hay, in Hay, Mohler, Roth, Schmidt,and Boudreaux, 1967, p. 445, pi. 6, fig. 1-4.

Cyclococcolithus neogammation Bramlette and Wilcoxon, 1967a, p.104, pi. 3, fig. 1-3; pi. 4, fig. 3-5.

Cyclicargolithus floridanus (Roth and Hay). Bukry, 1971a, p. 312-313.

Genus CYCLOCOCCOLITHINA Wilcoxon, 1970

Cyclococcolithina formosa (Kamptner)

Cyclococcolithus formosus Kamptner, 1963, p. 163, pi. 2, fig. 8.Coccolithus lusitanicus Black, 1964, p. 308, pi. 50, fig. 1, 2.Cyclococcolithina formosa (Kamptner). Wilcoxon, 1970, p. 82.

Cyclococcolithina leptopora (Murray and Blackman)

Coccosphaera leptopora Murray and Blackman, 1898, p. 430, pi. 15,fig. 1-7.

Cyclococcolithus leptopora (Murray and Blackman). Boudreaux andHay, 1969, p. 263, 264, pi. 2, fig. 13, 14; pi. 3, fig. 1-6.

Cyclococcolithus macintyrei Bukry and Bramlette, 1969, p. 132, pi. 1,fig. 1-3.

Cyclococcolithina leptopora (Murray and Blackman). Wilcoxon, 1970,p. 82. Ellis, Lohman, and Wray, 1972, p. 15-17, pi. 1, fig. 2-6; text-fig. 5.

Remarks: The species Cyclococcolithina macintyrei was notdifferentiated from C. leptopora as discussed by Ellis, Lohman, andWray (1972). However, in their discussion of the two species, samplesfrom the Pliocene and late Miocene intervals were used to provide thestatistical data. Subsequent studies have shown that C. macintyrei andC. leptopora have somewhat different stratigraphic ranges, so recogni-tion of the two species may be perfectly valid in the early Miocene andthe early Pleistocene. Except for end members of the two species, theyare still very difficult to separate in the late Miocene and Pliocene.

Genus DICTYOCOCCITES Black, 1967

Dictyococcites bisectus (Hay, Mohler, and Wade)

Syracosphaera bisecta Hay, Mohler, and Wade, 1966, p. 393, pi. 10,fig. 1-6.

Coccolithus bisectus (Hay, Mohler, and Wade). Bramlette and Wil-coxon, 1967a, p. 102, pi. 4, fig. 11-13.

Dictyococcites bisectus (Hay, Mohler, and Wade). Bukry and Percival,1971, p. 127, pi. 2, fig. 12, 13.

Reticulofenestra bisecta (Hay, Mohler, and Wade). Roth, 1973, p. 732,pi. 4, fig. 1; pi. 7, fig. 4, 5; pi. 9, fig. 1, 2; pi. 10, fig. 2.

Dictyococcites scrippsae Bukry and Percival

Dictyococcites scrippsae Bukry and Percival, 1971, p. 128, pi. 2, fig. 7,8.

Genus DISCOASTER Tan Sin Hok, 1927

Discoaster aster Bramlette and Riedel

Discoaster aster Bramlette and Riedel, 1954, p. 400, pi. 39, fig. 7.

Discoaster asymmetricus Gartner

Discoaster asymmetricus Gartner, 1969b, p. 598, pi. 1, fig. 1-3.

Discoaster aulakos Gartner

Discoaster aulakos Gartner, 1967, p. 2, pi. 4, fig. 4, 5.

Discoaster barbadiensis Tan Sin Hok

Discoaster barbadiensis Tan Sin Hok, 1927, p. 119. Bramlette andRiedel, 1954, p. 398, pi. 39, fig. 5.

Discoaster bellus Bukry and Percival

Discoaster bellus Bukry and Percival, 1971, p. 128, pi. 3, fig. 1, 2.

Discoaster berggrenii Bukry

Discoaster berggrenii Bukry, 1971b, p. 45, pi. 2, fig. 4-6.

Discoaster binodosus Martini

Discoaster binodosus Martini, 1958, p. 361, pi. 4, fig. 18b. Hay andMohler, 1967, p. 1538.

Discoaster blackstockae Bukry

Discoaster blackstockae Bukry, 1973c, p. 307, pi. 1, fig. 1-4.

658

CALCAREOUS NANNOFOSSIL BIOSTRATIGRAPHY

Discoaster bollii Martini and Bramlette

Discoaster bollii Martini and Bramlette, 1963, p. 851, pi. 105, fig. 1-4,7.

Discoaster braarudii Bukry

Discoaster braarudii Bukry, 1971b, p. 45, pi. 2, fig. 10.

Discoaster brouweri Tan Sin Hok

Discoaster brouweri Tan Sin Hok, 1927, p. 120, fig. 8a-b. Bramletteand Riedel, 1954, p. 402, pi. 39, fig. 12; text-fig. 3a-b.

Discoaster brouweri rutellus Gartner

Discoaster brouweri rutellus Gar tner , 1967, p . 2, pi. 1, fig. 1 ,2 .

Discoaster calcaris Gartner

Discoaster calcaris Gartner, 1967, p. 2, pi. 2, fig. 1-3.

Discoaster challengeri Bramlette and Riedel

Discoaster challengeri Bramlette and Riedel, 1954, p. 401, pi. 39, fig.10.

Discoaster decorus (Bukry)

Discoaster variabilis decorus Bukry, 1971b, p. 48, pi. 3, fig. 5, 6.Discoaster decorus (Bukry). Bukry, 1973a, p. 677, pi. 2, fig. 8, 9; pi. 4,fig. 11.

Discoaster deflandrei Bramlette and Riedel

Discoaster deflandrei Bramlette and Riedel, 1954, p. 399, pi. 39, fig. 6;text-fig, la-c.

Discoaster druggii Bramlette and Wilcoxon

Discoaster druggii Bramlette and Wilcoxon, 1967a, p. 110, pi. 8, fig. 2-8. Bramlette and Wilcoxon, 1967b, p. 220.

Discoaster exilis, Martini and Bramlette

Discoaster exilis, Martini and Bramlette, 1963, p. 852, pi. 104, fig. 1-3.

Discoaster hamatus Martini and Bramlette

Discoaster hamatus Martini and Bramlette, 1963, p. 852, pi. 105, fig. 8,10, 11.

Discoaster intercalaris Bukry

Discoaster intercalaris Bukry, 1971a, p. 315, pi. 3, fig. 12; pi. 4, fig. 1, 2.

Discoaster kugleri Martini and Bramlette

Discoaster kugleri Martini and Bramlette, 1963, p. 853, pi. 102, fig. 11-13.

Discoaster loeblichii Bukry

Discoaster loeblichii Bukry, 1971a, p. 315-316, pi. 4, fig. 3-5.

Discoaster neohamatus Bukry and Bramlette

Discoaster neohamatus Bukry and Bramlette, 1969, p. 133, pi. 1, fig. 4-6.

Discoaster neorectus Bukry

Discoaster neorectus Bukry, 1971a, p. 316-318, pi. 4, fig 6, 7.

Discoaster nodifer (Bramlette and Riedel)

Discoaster tani nodifer Bramlette and Riedel, 1954, p. 397, pi. 38, fig. 2.Discoaster nodifer (Bramlette and Riedel). Bukry, 1973a, p. 678, pi. 4,

fig. 24.

Discoaster pentaradiatus Tan Sin Hok

Discoaster pentaradiatus Tan Sin Hok, 1927, p. 120, fig. 2.

Discoaster prepentaradiatus Bukry and Percival

Discoaster prepentaradiatus Bukry and Percival, 1971, p. 129, pi. 3, fig.6, 7.

Discoaster pseudovariabilis Martini and Worsley

Discoaster pseudovariabilis Martini and Worsley, 1971, p. 1500, pi. 3,fig. 2-8.

Discoaster quadramus Bukry

Discoaster quadramus Bukry, 1973c, p. 307, pi. 1, fig. 5, 6.

Discoaster quinqueramus Gartner

Discoaster quinqueramus Gartner, 1969b, p. 598, pi. 1, fig. 6, 7.Discoaster quintatus Bukry and Bramlette, 1969, p. 133, pi. 1, fig. 6-8.

Discoaster saipanensis Bramlette and Riedel

Discoaster saipanensis Bramlette and Riedel, 1954, p. 398, pi. 39, fig. 4.

Discoaster signus Bukry

Discoaster signus Bukry, 1971b, p. 48, pi. 3, fig. 3, 4.

Discoaster surculus Martini and Bramlette

Discoaster surculus Martini and Bramlette, 1963, p. 854, pi. 104, fig.10-12.

Discoaster tamalis Kamptner

Discoaster tamalis Kamptner, 1967, p. 166, pi. 24, fig. 131; text-fig. 28.

Discoaster tani Bramlette and Riedel

Discoaster tani Bramlette and Riedel, 1954, p. 397, pi. 39, fig. 1.

Discoaster toralus Ellis, Lohman, and Wray

Discoaster toralus Ellis, Lohman, and Wray, 1972, p. 53, pi. 16, fig. 2-6.

Discoaster triradiatus Tan Sin Hok

Discoaster triradiatus Tan Sin Hok, 1927, p. 417.

Discoaster variabilis Martini and Bramlette

Discoaster variabilis Martini and Bramlette, 1963, p. 854, pi. 104, fig.4-8.

Genus EMILIANIA Hay and Mohler, 1967

Emiliania annula (Cohen)

Coccolithites annulus Cohen, 1964, p. 237, pi. 3, fig. la-c.Pseudoemiliania lacunosa (Kamptner). Gartner, 1969b, p. 598, pi. 2,

fig. 9, 10.Emiliania annula (Cohen). Bukry, 1973a, p. 678.

Remarks: The genus and species Pseudoemiliania lacunosa havebeen judged invalid (Loeblich and Tappan, 1970b). Taxonomic assign-ment of these taxa in this report to Emiliania annula follows thesuggestion of Bukry (1973a, p. 678).

Emiliania huxleyi (Lohmann)

Pontosphaera huxleyi Lohmann, 1902, p. 130, pi. 4, fig. 1-6; pi. 6, fig.69.

Coccolithus huxleyi (Lohmann). Kamptner, 1943, p. 44.Emiliania huxleyi (Lohmann). Hay and Mohler, in Hay, Mohler,

Roth, Schmidt, and Boudreaux, 1967, p. 447, pi. 10, 11, fig. 1, 2.

Emiliania ovata Bukry

Emiliania ovata Bukry, 1973a, p. 678, pi. 2, fig. 10-12.

Genus GEPHYROCAPSA Kamptner, 1943

Gephyrocapsa aperta Kamptner

Gephyrocapsa aperta Kamptner, 1963, p. 173, pi. 6, fig. 32, 35.

659

C. H. ELLIS

Gephyrocapsa caribbeanica Boudreaux and Hay

Gephyrocapsa caribbeanica Boudreaux and Hay, in Hay, Mohler,Roth, Schmidt, and Boudreaux, 1967, p. 447, pi. 12, 13, fig. 1-4.

Gephyrocapsa doronicoides (Black and Barnes)

Coccolithus doronicoides Black and Barnes, 1961, p. 142, pi. 25, fig. 3.Gephyrocapsa doronicoides (Black and Barnes). Bukry, 1973a, p. 678.

Remarks: Although this species lacks a diagonal bar across the cen-tral area, it does possess the rim structure, form, and crystallographyof the genus Gephyrocapsa.

Gephyrocapsa oceanica Kamptner

Gephyrocapsa oceanica Kamptner, 1943, p. 43-49.

Genus HAYASTER Bukry, 1973

Hayaster perplexus (Bramlette and Riedel)

Discoaster perplexus Bramlette and Riedel, 1954, p. 400, pi. 39, fig. 9.Hayaster perplexus (Bramlette and Riedel). Bukry, 1973c, p. 308.

Remarks: This combination became apparent after the nannofossiloccurrence tables had been completed for this report; consequently,the original name for this taxon, Discoaster perplexus, appears in thetables.

Genus HELICOPONTOSPHAERA Hay and Mohler, 1967

Helicopontosphaera ampliaperta (Bramlette and Wilcoxon)

Helicosphaera ampliaperta Bramlette and Wilcoxon, 1967a, p. 105, pi.6, fig. 1-4.

Helicopontosphaera ampliaperta (Bramlette and Wilcoxon). Bukry,1970, p. 377.

Helicopontosphaera compacta (Bramlette and Wilcoxon)

Helicosphaera compacta Bramlette and Wilcoxon, 1967a, p. 105, fig. 5-8.

Helicopontosphaera compacta (Bramlette and Wilcoxon). Hay, 1970,p. 458.

Helicopontosphaera euphratis (Haq)

Helicosphaera euphratis Haq, 1966, p. 33, pi. 2, fig. 1, 3.Helicopontosphaera euphratis (Haq). Martini, 1969, p. 136.

Helicopontosphaera hyalina (Gaarder)

Helicosphaera hyalina Gaarder, 1970, p. 113-114, text-fig. 1-3.Helicopontosphaera hyalina (Gaarder). Haq, 1973, p. 37.

Helicopontosphaera intermedia (Martini)

Helicosphaera intermedia Martini, 1965, p. 404, pi. 35, figs. 1, 2.Helicopontosphaera intermedia (Martini). Hay and Mohler, in Hay,

Mohler, Roth, Schmidt, and Boudreaux, 1967, p. 448.

Helicopontosphaera kamptneri Hay and Mohler

Helicopontosphaera kamptneri Hay and Mohler, in Hay, Mohler,Roth, Schmidt, and Boudreaux, 1967, p. 448, pi. 10, 11, fig. 5.

Helicopontosphaera reticulata (Bramlette and Wilcoxon)

Helicosphaera reticulata Bramlette and Wilcoxon, 1967a, p. 106, pi. 6,fig. 15.

Helicopontosphaera reticulata (Bramlette and Wilcoxon). Roth, 1970,p. 863, pi. 10, fig. 5.

Helicopontosphaera sellii Bukry and Bramlette

Helicopontosphaera sellii Bukry and Bramlette, 1969, p. 134, pi. 2, fig.3-7.

Genus PONTOSPHAERA Lohmann, 1902

Pontosphaera multipora (Kamptner)

Discolithus multiporus Kamptner, 1948, p. 5, pi. 1, fig. 9.Discolithina multipora (Kamptner). Martini, 1965, p. 400.

Pontosphaera multipora (Kamptner). Roth, 1970, p. 860-861. Ellis,Lohmann, and Wray, 1972, p. 30, pi. 6, figs. 4-6; pi. 7, fig. 1, 2.

Genus RETICULOFENESTRA Hay, Mohler, and Wade, 1966

Reticulofenestra hillae Bukry and Percival

Reticulofenestra hillae Bukry and Percival, 1971, p. 136, pi. 6, fig. 1-3.

Reticulofenestra laevis Roth and Hay

Reticulofenestra laevis Roth and Hay, in Hay, Mohler, Roth, Schmidt,and Boudreaux, 1967, p. 449, pi. 7, fig. 11.

Reticulofenestra pseudoumbilica (Gartner)

Coccolithus pseudoumbilicus Gartner, 1967, p. 4, pi. 6, fig. 3.Reticulofenestra pseudoumbilica (Gartner). Gartner, 1969b, p. 587-598.

Reticulofenestra reticulata (Gartner and Smith)

Cyclococcolithus reticulatus Gartner and Smith, 1967, p. 4, pi. 5, fig. 1-4.

Reticulofenestra reticulata (Gartner and Smith). Roth, in Roth andThierstein, 1972, p. 436.

Reticulofenestra umbilica (Levin)

Coccolithus umbilicus Levin, 1965, p. 265, pi. 41, fig. 2.Reticulofenestra caucasica Hay, Mohler, and Wade, 1966, p. 386, pi. 3,

fig. 1, 2; pi. 4, fig. 1, 2.Reticulofenestra umbilica (Levin). Martini and Ritzkowski, 1968, p.

245, pi. 1, fig. 11, 12.

Genus RHABDOSPHAERA Haeckel, 1894

Rhabdosphaera clavigera Murray and Blackman

Rhabdosphaera clavigera Murray and Blackman, 1898, p. 438, pi. 15,fig. 13-15.

Genus SCYPHOSPHAERA Lohmann, 1902

Scyphosphaera apsteini Lohmann

Scyphosphaera apsteini Lohmann, 1902, p. 132, pi. 4, fig. 26-30.

Scyphosphaera pulcherrima Deflandre

Scyphosphaera pulcherrima Deflandre, 1942, p. 133, fig. 28-31.

Scyphosphaera recurvata Deflandre

Scyphosphaera recurvata Deflandre, 1942, p. 132, fig. 17-20.

Genus SPHENOLITHUS Deflandre, 1952

Sphenolithus abies Deflandre

Sphenolithus abies Deflandre, in Deflandre and Fert, 1954, p. 164, pi.10, fig. 1-4.

Sphenolithus belemnos Bramlette and Wilcoxon

Sphenolithus belemnos Bramlette and Wilcoxon, 1967a, p. 118, pi. 2,fig. 1-3.

Sphenolithus ciperoensis Bramlette and Wilcoxon

Sphenolithus ciperoensis Bramlette and Wilcoxon, 1967a, p. 120, pi. 2,fig. 15-18.

Sphenolithus dissimilis Bukry and Percival

Sphenolithus dissimilis Bukry and Percival, 1971, p. 140, pi. 6, fig. 7-9.

Sphenolithus heteromorphus Deflandre

Sphenolithus heteromorphus Deflandre, 1953, p. 1785-86, fig. 1, 2.

Sphenolithus moriformis (Brönnimann and Stradner)

Nannoturbella moriformis Brönnimann and Stradner, 1960, p. 368, fig.11-16.

Sphenolithus pacificus Martini, 1965, p. 407, pi. 36, fig. 7-10.Sphenolithus moriformis (Brönnimann and Stradner). Bramlette and

Wilcoxon, 1967a, p. 124-126, pi. 3, fig. 1-6.

660


Sphenolithus neoabies Bukry and Bramlette

Sphenolithus neoabies Bukry and Bramlette, 1969, p. 140, pi. 3, fig. 9-11.

Sphenolithus predistentus Bramlette and Wilcoxon

Sphenolithus predistentus Bramlette and Wilcoxon, 1967a, p. 126, pi. 1,fig. 6; pi. 2, fig. 10, 11.

Sphenolithus pseudoradians Bramlette and Wilcoxon

Sphenolithus pseudoradians Bramlette and Wilcoxon, 1967a, p. 126-128, pi. 2, fig. 12-14.

Sphenolithus radians Deflandre

Sphenolithus radians Deflandre, in Grassé, 1952, p. 466, fig. 343J-K,363A-G.

Sphenolithus tribulosus Roth

Sphenolithus tribulosus Roth, 1970, p. 870-871, pi. 14, fig. 5, 7, 8.

Genus SYRACOSPHAERA Lohmann,. 1902

Syracosphaera pulchra Lohmann

Syracosphaera pulchra Lohmann, 1902, p. 134, pi. 4, fig. 33, 36, 37.

Genus THORACOSPHAERA Kamptner, 1927

Thoracosphaera saxea Stradner

Thoracosphaera saxea Stradner, 1961, p. 84, fig. 71.

Genus TRIQUETRORHABDULUS Martini, 1965

Triquetrorhabdulus carinatus Martini

Triquetrorhabdulus carinatus Martini, 1965, p. 408, pi. 36, fig. 1-3.

Triquetrorhabdulus milowii Bukry

Triquetrorhabdulus milowii Bukry, 1971a, p. 325, pi. 7, fig. 9-12.

Triquetrorhabdulus rugosus Bramlette and Wilcoxon

Triquetrorhabdulus rugosus Bramlette and Wilcoxon, 1967a, p. 128-129, pi. 9, fig. 17, 18.

Genus UMBELLOSPHAERA Paasche, 1955

Umbellosphaera tenuis (Kamptner)

Coccolithus tenuis Kamptner, 1937, p. 311, pi. 17, figs. 41, 42.Umbellosphaera tenuis (Kamptner). Paasche, in Markali and Paasche,

1955, p. 96.

Genus UMBILICOSPHAERA Lohmann, 1902

Umbilicosphaera cricota (Gartner)

Cyclococcolithus cricotus Gartner, 1967, p. 5, pi. 7, fig. 5-7.Umbilicosphaera cricota (Gartner). Cohen and Reinhardt, 1968, p.

296, pi. 19, fig. 1, 5; pi. 21, fig. 3; text-fig. 6.

Umbilicosphaera sibogae (Weber van Bosse)

Coccosphaera sibogae Weber van Bosse, 1901, p. 137, 140, pi. 17, fig. 1,2.

Umbilicosphaera mirabilis Lohmann, 1902, p. 139, pi. 5, fig. 66, 66a.Umbilicosphaera sibogae (Weber van Bosse). Gaarder, 1970, p. 126.

SUMMARY OF NANNOFOSSIL STRATIGRAPHYTables of nannofossil occurrences have been prepared

for those sites containing significant assemblages. Thestate of preservation is designated as follows: G = good,little or no etching or overgrowth; M = moderate, someetching or overgrowth which has destroyed or obscuresdelicate structures and ornamentation; P = poor, strongsolution or overgrowth which has destroyed manyspecies or made the original species difficult to be

recognized. The abundance of specimens is notedas: VA = very abundant (flood); A = abundant;C = common; F = few; R = rare; VR = very rare (one ortwo specimens per slide.

Site 290 (Holes 290 and 290A)The productive samples examined from these holes

and the nannofossils they contain are listed in Table 3.Rare occurrences of moderately preserved Discoasterbrouweri and D. asymmetricus in Core 1 samples suggestthat this interval can be correlated with the late PlioceneCyclococcolithina macintyrei Subzone. The absence ofother diagnostic nannofossil species may indicatereworking into a younger, nonfossiliferous interval. Theearly Pliocene and the entire Miocene intervals are notrepresented in samples from this site. Samples 290-3-1,50-51 cm through 290-6, CC are of late Oligocene age,and samples from Core 7 are of early Oligocene age.Core 8 is a hard, coarse, volcanic conglomerate fromwhich one of the pebbles and some of the matrix wereexamined for nannofossils. A few specimens of late mid-dle Eocene to early Oligocene age were recovered. All ofCore 9 consists of a very "soupy" suspended mud and inall probability represents a thorough mixing ofsediments from above. Several late Eocene species wererecorded that were not observed in overlying samples.Consequently, reliable age determinations cannot bemade for samples from Cores 8 and 9.

Samples from the late Oligocene Cores 1 and 2 ofHole 290A can be correlated with Samples 290-3-1, 50-51 cm to 290-5-1, 135-136 cm. The early Oligocene andlate Eocene ? were penetrated only in Hole 290.

Site 291 (Holes 291 and 291 A)Table 4 lists the productive samples examined from

these holes and the nannofossils they contain. Sample291-1, CC contains rare specimens of Discoasterbrouweri and D. asymmetricus which can be best cor-related with the Cyclococcolithina macintyrei Subzone.Preservation is very poor; consequently, these specimenscould represent reworking of late Pliocene fossils intoyounger nonfossiliferous sediments. Samples 291-2-2,86-87 cm through 291-3-1, 110-111 cm contain the indexspecies Sphenolithus distentus and are of late Oligoceneage, while Sample 291-3-1, 124-124.5 cm and below con-tain a typical late Eocene assemblage. Clearly a hiatus ispresent in Core 3, Section 1 with the entire earlyOligocene being absent. Sample 291-5-1,115-116 cm im-mediately overlies basalt and contains only twospecimens of Cyclococcolithina formosa. While not atrue age-diagnostic species, it does indicate that thissample is no older than early Eocene. The absence ofother diagnostic species suggests that these more resis-tant specimens have been reworked into younger Eocenesediments.

Cores 1 to 3 of Hole 291A can be correlated with thelate Eocene cores of Hole 291. (Core 3 consists of redmud recovered from the drill bit upon completion of thehole.) The similarity in the assemblages recovered fromSamples 291-3, CC and 291A-1, CC is striking; even tothe presence of a late Oligocene component which mustrepresent contamination from up-hole.

661

C. H. ELLIS

TABLE 3Nannofossil Occurrences at Site 290

AGE

ri

PLI<

LU

zLU(JO

oo

u/"\VLU

LAT

LU

<

EARL

YSITE

NANNO-FOSSILZONE

ORSUBZONE

c.macintyrei

Sphenolithus

S.

distentus

R. hillae

D. bar-badiensis

290

GORE,SECTION,INTERVAL

(cm)

HOLE 2901-1, 1-21 cc3-1, 50-513-3, 25-263 cc4-1, 128-1294-2, 70-714 cc5-1,135-1365-3,115-1165 cc6-3, 103-1046 cc7-1, 10-127-4,134-1357cc8-5, 140-1419cc

O%

L U

L UQ£Q_

MMM

GGMMGM

GGGGMG

GMM

CÜ

• Hü

1—1

ü

öqjCO

CO

•HUJ

• u

•uUJ

i~S

£•to

R

R

CO30

ag

ieo

pel

CO3

, C-U

•<s.i~S

0uüoo

R

F

R

R

to3

ü•Hb ito

<HUJ

a

o

F

CFFR

F

RFF

RR

R

a

CO

CO3

o(J

oCJotsOCJ

RR

R

CO3

-U

üΦCO

ab

i

to

*q•u••s

o01k|

toü•-s

oS i

u

F

C

CC

C

F

F

103qto

• H

isOi—i4s

a

t j

A

ACAA

CC

C

c

cc

RF

toCO

*s

Iβq

•H

•H

•3oüoüoü3 i

o

?

R

to3

•U

to

UJ• u

•a0oöoS i• u

0

R

FF

R

F

CC

ΦtoCO

l•il

•HisüCO

a

q

R

ftUJ

-utoto

U)• utoto00to

q

R

R

R

R

R

R

3

ü•H•UCD

3 ito

a

q

R

• H

sΦ

fQ

>Sto

a

q

R

5!3

0Is

a

R

R

"q>>s

qto

4sen

a

q

R

F

F

R

R

R

R

R

F

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

isQ)

4s"H

qa

q

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

•rS

CJ10•u

a

F

F

R

F

F

R

R

R

F

F

R

R

εisq>-uq

•H

isQJ

^

CO0

q

aot)

•-s

(1)

to•uto

ü• H• U

q>fs

a

R

R

q>toM

is-U

Φ

80

30

-uCl)

R

F

R

?)••s

••s

3

i

05

R

R

R

R

to•<sCOq

roe

to3

-c:-U•H>-HOqq>

i ^

CO

R

C

R

R

R

CO3

•Uqq>•uto

CO

F

C

C

F

C

F

F

F

R

CO

|

o4s•>sQ

,CO

F

F

R

F

R

F

F

R

R

R

an

s

S30

3q>to

a

co

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

to

s• H

•πfθ(s

,CO

R

tus

(W

(5•r•l

( ^

toü

to3

3

to

•snaq>3

•H

Es

R

RR

R

R

R

OLI

G.

LATE S.

ciperoensis

HOLE 290A1-2, 90-911 cc2 cc

M

GM

RF

R C A

CA

F R R

RC

R

FF

R

RC

R F

R

R R

R

Site 292The productive samples examined from this

biostratigraphic control hole and the many well-preserved nannofossils they contain are listed in Table 5.The continuously cored intervals provide an unusuallyfine representation of the Holocene through the lateEocene nannofossil zones and subzones. Several sub-zones in the early half of the late Miocene cannot beidentified. This agrees with foraminiferal data whichalso indicate a zone is missing, but apparently there is nobreak in deposition. The absence of the early MioceneHelicopontosphαerα αmpliαpertα Zone coincides withmissing foraminiferal zones and probably represents ahiatus. The other missing subzones shown in Table 5may reflect too large a sampling interval for them to be

recognized, or it may reflect the failure to recognizezone-defining species.

Of particular note is the continuously cored Oligoceneinterval which contains well-preserved nannofossilassemblages representative of all the major zones withinthis interval. The relationship of these assemblages withboth underlying and overlying sediments can be seenbecause the cored intervals record both the upper andlower contacts.

Site 293

The present water depth (5599m) in addition to thevery poor state of preservation of the few forms thatwere recovered from cores at this site suggest thatdeposition occurred well below the carbonate compen-

662



A G F

QQ.

1 UJ

oz

×

UJ

7

EOCE

UJ

<

UJ

<

UJ

LAT

SITE

NANNO-FOSSILZONE

ORSUBZONE

C.macintyrei

S.distentus

^^~-

barba-diensis

291

CORE,SECTION,INTERVAL

(cm)

HOLE 2911 cc

2-2, 86-872cc

3-1, 105-1063-1, 110-1113-1, 117-1183-1, 124-1253-1, 140-1413 cc4-1, 60-614-1, 65-664-2, 50-514-3, 50-514-3, 75-764 cc

5-1, 115-116

_,,

O

>LU

RES

Q_

PMMMPM

M

M

M

M

MP

M

PPM

to<n

oid

3

ü

isto

to3

tei

• uCD

1U

RF

RR

to30

<π

8,8to

thu

00üo

RRFF

R

R

R

to3

gic

8,CJ

RRFFR

RRFRRCR

to

to3

ycl

%

qois

δ

F

R

R

R

R

r03

ect

to•H

•H

rgo

0

1—1

üCJ

to3q

ida

0r—\

< 4 ^ |

CJ

A

AA

A

R

A

C

to

tsO

«B

•H

4J• H

ceo

80üt j

R

F

C

CC

A

RR

oCDto

•H-4

toO

*}

OCC

84JCJ

C

cA

R

RFFCRF

R

US- uto<α

ter

to

00to

cl

RR

to3CJ

+J

öito<Tt

Q

R

to

to

δ

adi

•s

^

A

R

RA

A

A

A

AR

3toO

O

•H

Q

A

•H

1Ois

R

S

and

t i

Q

R

R

R

fer

0q

R

F

RR

to

toq

ipane

atto

c

A

R

R

CA

C

C

A

q

4J

Q

FFF

F

R

RR

•L>

o

1δü

s

8

opont

C)

•-H

03

lie

•H

'g3

24Jto

q

ofe

>-H3

ü4J01OS

c

FCAFFC

to34Jq(U

to•H

to3

ith

0q0)

-q

CO

FFRF

R

to

"§o

ü

CO

RRFC

F

R

to3+J

IB

ist

"8(CO

FCFC

R

R

a<TJ

• H

[0

•83CDCO

CO

RRRR

RR

to3toüM3

•H

+J

CO

RR

R

| EOCENE

LATE

D. barb.

HOLE 291A1 cc2 cc3 cc

MM

M

R

R

R RRR

R ?

R

C

R

R

R

F F

RR

R R

R

RR

RRR

F F R R

R

R

sation depth. Rapid burial can probably best explain thefew fairly well-preserved specimens which wererecovered from the silty fraction of a turbidite sequence.In general, there are very few age-diagnostic indigenousspecies in these cores, and the major portion of thespecimens in the recovered assemblages are reworkedinto the late Pliocene samples (Table 6). A sample of thebasaltic breccia matrix, 293-20-1, 15-16 cm, was foundto contain the early Pliocene ? species Discoαsterbrouweri and Reticulofenestrα pseudoumbilicα. Therecovery of Discoαster pentαrαdiαtus from sedimentchips found lining the core catcher after attempting toretrieve Core 23 further confirms the early Pliocene ? agedetermination for this lower rock unit.

An attempt was made to see how the character of thenannofossil assemblages might change through an inter-val following the deposition of a coarse turbidite. Aseries of very fine-grained sand to clay-sized graded beds

overlying a coarse sand interval in Core 7, Section 2 wassampled and examined for nannofossils. Unfortunately,all four samples were found to be barren.

Site 294Nannofossils occur sparsely, and their recovery was

very poor from samples at this site and no specific zonesor subzones could be recognized. Most of the recoveredspecimens are reworked Eocene forms, although theassemblage recovered from Sample 294-1-2, 75-76 cm isnot incompatible with the Quaternary age determinedfor this core with the use of radiolarians. The samplesand their fossil constituents are listed below.

294-1-2, 75-76 cm: Cyclococcolithinα leptoporα.Reworked Discoαster deflαndrei, Sphenolithus sp.

294-2, CC: Cyclococcolithinα leptoporα.294-3, CC: Cyclococcolithinα leptoporα. Reworked

Discoαster deflαndrei, Helicopontosphαerα kαmptneri.

663


SITE 292

AGE

HOLOV

PLE

PLEISTOCENE

PLIOCENE

OCENE

S

ST.

LATE

i t ,

LATE

EARLY

LATE

|

MIDDLE

NANNO-FOSSILZONE

ORSUBZONE

E. huxleyi

Gephyro-capsa

oceanica

G.caribbean.C.

macintyrei

Discoastertamalis

D.

asymmet.

S. neoabies

Cerato-

lithus

C.

acutusT. rugosus

Cerato-lithusprimuε

Diεcoaster

hamatus

C.coalitus


(cm)

1-1, 40-411-2, 60-611-3, 40-411 -4, 40-411 cc

2-1, 100-101

2-2, 40-41

2-2, 40-41

2 cc

3 - 1 , 100-101

3-2, 40-41

3-3, 40-41

3-4, 40-41

3 cc

4 - 1 , 40-41

4-2, 40-41

4-3, 40-414-4, 40-41

4-4, 40-414 cc5-1, 40-41

5-2, 40-41

5-3, 40-415-4, 40-41

5-5, 40-415-6, 40-415 cc

6-1, 90-916-2, 40-41

6-3, 40-41

6-4, 40-416-5, 40-416-6, 40-41

6 cc7-1, 40-417-2, 40-417-4, 40-41

7-6, 40-417 cc8-2, 40-41

8-4, 40-41

8-6, 40-418 cc9-1, 90-919-3, 40-41

9-5, 40-419-6, 40-419 cc

10-1, 110-111

PRESERVATION

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

M

M

G

M

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

M

M

G

G

G

G

M

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

Angulolithina area

R

R

R

R

R

Aεpidorhabduε εtylifer

R

R

R

R

F

F

R

R

Braarudosphaera discula

<n<U"α0

3ü

<U01

<U

<u

1=

ccR

R

A

R

R

R

R

F

R

R

C. primuε

rF

R

R

F

R

C

F

F

F

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

C. rugosus

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

C

R

C

F

R

R

R

R

F

R

Coccolithus eopelagicus

C. miopelagicus

<n

0

<u

R

R

R

R

F

C

F

F

F

F

F

R

R

F

F

Coronocycluε serratuε

RCyclicargolithus abisectus

C. floridanus

Cyclococcolithina formosa

C. leptopora

C

F

F

F

C

FF

F

C

F

R

F

C

F

cR

ccR

R

A

F

C

F

F

F

C

F

cF

R

R

R

F

F

R

C

F

F

F

R

R

F

R

R

F

F

F

Dictyococcites bisectus

Discoaster aster

D. asymmetricus

R

R

C

cA

A

R

A

A

C

C

F

R

D. aulakos

D. barbadiensis

D. bellus

F

C

C

D. berggrenii

C

R

R

F

F

C

D. blackstockae

R

R

R

R

R

R

D. braarudii

D. brouweri

C

A

A

A

C

A

A

A

A

VA

A

C

C

A

A

C

C

C

cR

F

F

C

F

F

R

C

A

C

C

C

C

A

C

C

C

F

D. challengeri

R

R

R

A

R

A

A

C

C

R

F

R

R

F

R

R

D. decorus

F

R

F

R

R

R

R

D. deflandrei

D. druggii

D. exilis

D. hamatus

R

F

R

C

C

D. kugleri

D. nodifer

D. pentaradiatus

A

F

A

A

A

A

C

A

A

A

A

A

C

C

C

C

C

F

C

A

F

C

C

F

F

R

C

C

A

D. perplexus

D. prepentaradiatus

F

C

A

C

D. quadramuε

R

R

P. quinqueramus

R

C

C

C

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

C

C

R

D. saipanensis

0)3qto01

D. surculus

F

C

A

C

C

C

A

A

A

VA

A

A

A

A

A

A

R

R

F

F

cF

F

F

C

C

C

A

D. tamalis

C

F

R

F

A

R

R

D. tani

D. toralus

R

D. triradiatus

f

R

D. variabilis

R

R

C

C

R

R

R

F

R

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

C

C

C

A

C

C

A

A

C

C

C

A

A

Emiliania annula

F

C

F

F

F

F

C

A

3i

×x;

C

A

E. ovata

F

F

cA

A

A

F

Gephyrocapsa aperta

R

F

R

G. caribbeanica

F

A

R

R

VA

G. doronicoides

F

C

C

R

A

R

G. oceanica

A

A

VA

i/A

cVA

A

A

Helicopontosphaera compacta

H. intermedia

H. kamptneri

C

C

F

F

C

F

C

A

A

C

C

fF

C

R

R

R

R

H. reticulata

H. sellii

F

Reticulofenestra laeviε

R. pseudoumbilica

R

F

FR

R

F

R

F

R

F

C

F

C

F

R

A

C

R

R

F

F

F

R

R

R

R

C

R. reticulata

R. umbilica

Rhabdosphaera clavigera

R

R

R

F

F

Syracosphaera pulchra

R

R

R

Scyphosphaera apsteini

R

R

S. pulcherrima

R

R

S. recurvata

R

Sphenolithuε abieε

C

F

F

R

FR

F

c

R

R

C

C

C

F

C

A

F

R

R

S. belemnoε

S. ciperoensis

S. dissimilis

|

S. diεtentus

|

S. heteromorphus

]

S. moriformiε

S. neoabieε

R

R

S. predistentus

S. pεeudoradianε

Thoracosphaera saxea

F

F

R

R

R

F

C

R

R

R

F

R

R

R

R

F

F

R

R

F

R

R

F


T. rugosuε

F

F

R

R

RR

R

R

R

R

R

F

Umbilicosphaera cricota

j

C

C

R

c

TABLE 5 - Continued

SITE 292 (CONTINUED)

AGE

MIOCENE

OLIGOCENE

MIDDLE

EARLY

LATE

NANNO-FOSSILZONE

ORSUBZONE

D. kugleri

Coccolithus

pelagicus

Spheno-lithushetero-morphus

lithusbelemnos

D. druggii

Discoaster

deflandrei

C.

abisectus

Spheno-lithus

ciperoensis

CORE,SECTION,

INTERVAL(cm)

10-2, 40-4110 cc11-1, 40-4111-2, 40-4111-3, 40-4111-4, 40-4111-5, 40-4111-6, 40-4111 cc12-1,120-12112-2, 32-3312-3, 40-4112-4, 40-4112-5, 40-41

12 cc13-1,125-12613-3, 40-4113-4, 40-4113-5, 40-4113-5, 112-113

13-6, 40-4113 cc14-1, 114-11514-2, 40-4114-3, 60-6114-5, 40-4114 cc15-1, 48-4915-3,40-4115-6,40-4115 cc16-2,40-4116-4, 40-4116-6, 59-6016 cc17-1,126-12717-3, 56-5717-5, 40-4117 cc18-1, 40-4118-3, 40-4118-5, 40-4118 cc19-1, 40-4119-3, 40-4119-5, 40-4119 cc

20-2, 40-4120 cc21-1, 100-101

PRESERVATION

G

G

P

P

P

M

P

P

G

P

P

M

M

M

G

M

M

M

P

M

M

M

M

P

M

P

M

P

P

P

M

M

P

P

G

P

P

P

G

P

M

M

G

P

P

P

G

P

G

P

Angulolithina area

Aspidorhabdus stylifer


Bramletteius serraculoides

Ceratolithus cristatus

C. primus

C. rugosus

C. tricorniculatus


R

to3tj

e

u

F

C

R

R

F

R

R

R

F

R

R

R

F

F

R

R

R

F

F

C

F

c

R

C. pelagicus

C

R

R

R

F

F

C

F

A

R

F

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

Coronocyclus serratus

R

F

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

F

F

R

F

R

F

F

C

R

F

F

R

R

R

R

R

Cyclicargolithus abisectus

F

C

F

A

A

C

A

A

A

A

A

C floridanus

A

A

A

A

A

F

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

C

A

C

cA

A

A

A

A

A


C. leptopora

cc

cR

R

R

R

R

R


R

Discoaster aster

R

R

R

R

R

R

C

D. asymmetricus

D. aulakos

C

C

A

C

C

F

F

F

F

R

R

D. barbadiensis

D. bellus

D. berggrenii

D. blackstockae

D. braarudii

R

R

R

R

D. brouweri

D. challengeri

f

A

F

D. decorus

C

t

l•

A

t

/

cct

ccc

(

D. druggii

i

R

R

R

R

. F

V R

R

VR

D. exilis

F

F

F

F

R

R

R

R

R

D. hamatus

D. kugleri

R

D. nodifer

D. pentaradiatus

D. perplexus

R

F

S

cR

C

F

R

F

F

c

F

R

F

R

F

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

D. prepentaradiatus

D. quadramus

F

to

i

c

Q D. saipanensis

10

•H

<o

Q

F

D. surculus

D. tamalis

q

Q D. toralus

D. triradiatus

D. variabilis

A

A

A

C

A

A

C

C

F

F

R

R

Emiliania annula

E. huxleyi

E. ovata

Gephyrocapsa aperta

G. caribbeanica

G. doronicoides

G. oceanica


R

R

R

R

R

H. intermedia

R

H. kamptneri

R

R

H. reticulata

H. sellii

Reticulofenestra laevis

8

03<u

s.a;F

F

R

R. reticulata

R. umbilica




S. pulcherrima

S. recurvata

Sphenolithus abies

R

S. belemnos

C

cccF

C

S. ciperoensis

RA

R

C

S. dissimiliε

c

R

R

F

F

R

S. distentus

S. heteromorphus

C

S. moriformis

f

F

C

C

c

F

F

F

R

R

C

ccccF

F

A

A

C

C

C

cccccF

F

F

F

F

cccccccccF

F

C

cc

S. neoabies

S. predistentus

S. pseudoradians



F

F

C

F

C

F

R

R

F

C

cc

cccA

F

cccF

F

F

F

F

F

R

T. rugosus

R

R

R


cùO

TABLE 5 - Continued


AGE

GOCENE

OL

EOCENE

LATE

EARLY

|

LATE

NANNO-FOSSILZONEOR

SUBZONE

Spheno-lithus

ciperoensis

Spheno-lithus

distentus

S. pre-distentus

R. hillaei

C.formosa

Discoasterbar-

badiensis


(cm)

21-5, 40-4121 cc22-2, 40-4122 cc23-1, 40-4123-3, 40-4123 cc24-2, 45-4624-3, 40-4124 cc25-1, 40-4125 cc26-1, 60-6126-2, 40-4126 cc27-1, 40-4127 cc28 cc29-1, 90-9129 cc30-1,103-10430 cc31-2, 40-4131 cc32-1, 95-9632 cc33-2, 55-5633 cc34-2, 40-4134 cc35-1, 83-8435-3, 61-6235 cc36-1, 66-6736-2, 78-7936-3, 31-3236 cc37-1,131-13237-3, 69-7037 cc38-2,102-10338 cc39-2, 72-7339-3, 71-7239 cc

PRESERVATION

P

G

M

G

M

P

G

P

P

G

M

GP

P

M

P

M

M

M

M

V

M

MG

P

G

P

G

M

G

M

M

P

P

P

P

ArtMMMPGMPG

Angulolithina area



RR

FFA >


C. primus

C. rugosus

C. tricorniculatus

(

C. miopelagicus

R

RR

C. pelagicus

RR

R

R

RCoronocyclus serratus

R


C

C

AC

Cc

c

RC. floridanus

C

C

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

C

ccA

A

C

A

A

A

A

(

(

>

F >

F t

(Cc

c/

FF

C. leptopora

\\\

i


F

R

F

FF

C

AA

C

CC

Discoaster aster

R

R

CR

RR

RR

R

R

R

R

D. asymmetricus

D. aulakos

/

(

/

D. bellus

\

D. berggrenii

D. blackstockae

D. braarudii

D. brouweri

D. challengeri

D. decorus

D. deflandrei

F

F

F

F

F

F

C

F

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

C

R

A

A

R

F

F

A

F

C

C

RR

R

A

A

D. druggii

D. exilis

D. hamatus

D. kugleri

D. nodifer

R

RRR

R

R

F

D. pentaradiatus

D. perplexus

R

D. prepentaradiatus

D. quadramus

D. quinqueramus

D. signus

U>H3

to

Q

D. tamalis

D. ta

ni

R

R

R

R

RR

R

RR

RC

F

RF

D. toralus

to3

2H

d D. variabilis

Emiliania annula

E. huxleyi

E. ovata

Gephyrocapsa aperta

G. caribbeanica

G. doronicoides

G. oceanica


R

R

R

R

R

R

R

C

c

c

R

R

C

C

H. intermedia

H. kamptneri

H. reticulata

R

R

H. sellii

Reticulofenestra laevis

R

R

R

R

A

A

t

RRA

AF

R. pseudoumbilica

R. reticulata

R

F

C

R. umbilica

RR

ACFFFFFFFARF




S. pulcherrima

S. recurvata

Sphenolithus abies

S. belemnos

S. ciperoensis

cccA

A

A

C

C

F

A

S. dissimilis

S. distentus

R

R

R

RVAFFRFFACFCRFFF

S. heteromorphus

S. moriformis

Cc

cFF

R

R

RC

A

A

FC

RF

F

R

F

RR

R

RFR

S. neoabies

S. predistentus

R

CRRRRc

cR

cA

F

R

R

S. pseudoradians

RR

R

R

F

R

R



R

R

R

R

R

F

RFR

to


ONO NON

pEC



SITE 293

AGE

HOLO7

P LEI ST.

LATE

PLIOCENE

EARLY

PLIOCENE7

UJ

Z

OS

SIL

ZC

SU

BZ

ON

ox anZ OZ<Z


1 cc

3-5, 80-814-2, 81-824-2, 137-1387 c c

8-2, 101-1029 cc

10 cc

12 cc13 cc

17 cc

18-1, 60-6120-1, 15-1622 cc

23 cc

ER

VA

TIC

COUJoc

PP

P

P

PP

M

P

P

P

P

P

G

P

G

to3+J

cris

ta

CO3

s0

QJδ

R

F

to3

pela

gic

hu

s

•+J

8üo8

R

R

R

CO

is

thin

a f

8ü

8O

üç j

R

!a0

cu

o

R

R

R

RF

R

to•Htoq

ba

rba

die

CD• µ

to

0üto

R

•Hh

3OSH

Q

R

R

CD

§i—|

Ü

?

•HCJ)kj

•αq

^ 3CD

Q

?

R

R

R

R

to3

§

Ra

tus

aqCD

C|

R

to

to

CD

UJ

•HUJto

?

R

to3

3ü3to

C|

R

-M

R

to

abi

u

RR

CO

F

R

o

01

cari

bb

to

?us

R

•HCJQJüQ

?

CO

CJ

F

•H

s•

phaera

to0

q

ür-|

R

R

s•H

r§3(1)

str

a p

s

CDqCD

o3ü

•H•Uα>

?

R

R

u

mb

i

3

R

?

R

F

8

pse

ud

o

to3

OqCD

Sph

R

to

M

CO

?

to

CO

R

R

F

R

R

294-4-4, 120-121 cm: Reworked Discoαster bαr-bαdiensis, D. nodifer.

294-4, CC: Reworked Discoαster deßαndrei, D. tαni.

Site 295

No indigenous nannofossils were recovered fromsamples of this hole. Only the 295-bit sample was foundto contain the reworked Eocene species Discoαstersαipαnensis and Reticulofenestrα umbilicα.

Site 296

The productive samples examined from thisbiostratigraphic control hole and the nannofossils theycontain are listed in Table 7. The continuously coredHolocene to late Oligocene interval of this hole providesa fine representation of nearly all the Neogene nan-nofossil zones and subzones. Two subzones in the earlyPliocene-late Miocene and a subzone in each of the lateMiocene and the middle Miocene intervals were notrecognized. Their absence could reflect too great asampling interval or a hiatus. Although the intervalbelow 472 meters was only intermittently cored, a com-plete sequence of late Oligocene zones was observed in

Cores 34 through 63. The boundary between theSphenolithus ciperoensis Zone and the Sphenolithus dis-tentus Zone cannot be clearly defined. If the specimenquestionably identified as S. ciperoensis from Core 56 istruly that species, then the zone boundary lies betweenCores 56 and 57. However, if S. ciperoensis has its firstoccurrence in Core 52, then the zone boundary liesbetween Cores 52 and 53. Consequently, until thisproblem is resolved, the interval represented by Cores 53through 56 is considered to be a transitional intervalbetween the two zones. Cores 64 and 65 contain only afew specimens of the nannofossil species Helicopon-tosphαerα compαctα, Dictyococcites bisectus, andpossibly Cyclococcolithinα formosα. These species havereported occurrences ranging from the middle earlyEocene to the early Oligocene and while they may not bevery age definitive, they do provide some indication ofthe possible minimum and maximum ages for thesesamples. If the identification of C. formosα in Core 65 iscorrect, then the sample can be no younger than earlyOligocene. However, the poor state of preservation ofthe specimens in these lower few cores may indicate thatthese are reworked individuals.

667


SITE 296

AGE

ENE/

HOLOC

ISTOCENE

PLE

PLIOCENE

PLEISTOCENE

LATE

EARLY

LATE

EARLY

NANNO-FOSSILZONE

ORSUBZONE

Emilianiahuxleyi

Gephyro-capsa

oceanica

Gephyro-capsacarib-

beanica

E. annula

C.macintyrei

Discoasterpenta-

radiatus

Discoaεtertamalis

Discoasteraεym-

metricuε


(cm)

1-1, 31-321-4, 90-911 cc2-2, 34-352-6, 68-692 cc3-1, 19-203-3, 100-1013-4, 96-973 cc4-2, 51-524-3, 127-1284 cc5-1, 75-765-2, 7-85-4, 41-425 cc6-1, 62-636-5, 30-316 cc7-2, 70-717-4, 140-1417 cc8-1, 134-1358-2, 100-1018-3, 136-1378-4, 30-318-4, 52-538-4, 115-1168 cc9-1, 72-739-2, 120-1219-3, 89-909-4, 21-229-5, 72-739-6, 91-929 cc10-2, 24-2510-4, 21-2210-5, 115-11610-6, 60-6110 cc11-2, 75-7611-4, 80-8111 cc12-1, 103-10412-4, 95-9612-5, 85-8612 cc13-3, 95-96

PRESERVATION

G

M

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

M

MG

M

G

M

G

M

M

G

M

M

G

G

G

M

G

M

M

G

M

M

M

M

MM

G

M

M

M

G

G

G

G

G

M

M

M

G

M

Angulolithina area

Aεpidorhabdus stylifer

R

R

R

Catinaster coalitus


R

R

F

R

R

R

C. primus

C. rugosus

F

R

R

F

C. tricorniculatus


C. miopelagicus

C. peiagicus

R

R

F

R

R

R

A

F

F

R

F

R

R

C

R

C

A



C. floridanus


C. leptopora

cF

R

C

R

C

R

F

C

C

cccF

F

F

F

F

A

R

F

F

F

F

F

F

R

C

C

F

F

F

F

R

F

A

F

R

F

A

F

cA

F

C

F

A

F

Dictyococciteε bisectus

D. εcrippεae

Diεcoaster asymmetricus

R

R

C

R

F

F

R

R

A

R

D. aulakos

D. bellus

D. berggrenii

D. blackstockae

D. bollii

D. braarudii

D. brouweri

F

F

R

R

C

F

R

F

F

R

F

c

F

F

R

A

C

F

A

C

R

R

A

R

D. brouweri rutellus

D. calcaris

R

R

R

R

R

D. challengeri

R

D. decorus

R

R

F

R

R

R

R

D. deflandrei

8>Cn

•σ

D. e×ilis

D. hamatus

01-H

<OM

u<U

q

D. kugleri

D. loeblichii

D. neohamatus

D. neorectus

D. nodifer

D. pentaradiatus

RR

R

C

F

RF

F

R

C

R

R

F

F

F

F

A

C

R

R

R

D. prepentaradiatus

D. pεeudovariabilis

D. quinqueramuε

D. signus

D. surculus

F

c

R

C

F

C

R

R

D. tamalis

R

R

C

R

R

C

D. tani

D. toralus

R

R

R

R

RD. variabilis

R

R

R

F

3- q

A

C

VA

A

VA

F

-

F

F

R

F

E. ovata

C

F

F

F

F

F

C

C

C

A

C

F

F

C

F

F

F

C

C

ccF

R

R

F

F

F

R

F

F

R

R


R

R

R

F

F

C

A

A

C

R

R

R

VR

G. doronicoides

F

F

F

C

C

cF

A

C

C

cVA

A

A

VA

A

C

A

A

A

A

A

C

A

C

A

C

cA

A

C

C

C

A

A

C

F

G. oceanica

A

A

A

A

C

VA

A

A

C

C

F

C

F

R

F

R

VR

VR

VR


H. compacta

H. euphratis

H. intermedia

H. kamptneri

C

C

C

F

R

C

F

F

F

F

R

R

F

F

F

F

F

R

C

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

F

R

R

R

C

R

R

F

R

F

R

C

R

H. sellii

R

R

R

R

Pontosphaera multipora

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

Reticulofenestra pseudoumbilica

C

C

A

F


R

R

R

R

Scyphoεphaera pulcherrima

R

R

R

R

R

S. recurvata

R

R

Sphenolithus abies

R

S. belemnos

S. ciperoensis

S. distentus

S. heteromorphus

S. moriformis

S. neoabies

S. predistentus


R

R

R

R

R

R


R

RR

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R


T. milowii

T. rugosuε

Umbellosphaera tenuis

R


F

F

F

F

F

R

R

F

F

F

ON00

TABLE 7 - Continued


AGE

PLIOCENE

MIOCENE

EARLY

LATE

MIDDLE

EARLY

NANNO-FOSSILZONE

ORSUBZONE

Discoasterasym-

metricus

S.neoabies

Cerato-lithus

rugosus

Cerato-lithusprimus

Discoasterberggrenii

D.neorectus

D.hamatus

Catinastercoalitus

Discoasterkugleri

S.heteromorph

Helicopon-tosphaera

ampliaperta


(cm)

13 cc14-4, 102-10314 cc15-2, 75-76

.15-4, 50-51

15 cc16-1, 130-131

16-2, 60-6116-3, 70-7116 cc17-3, 55-5617 cc

18-1, 85-8618 cc19-1, 68-69

19-3, 75-7619-4, 80-81

19-5, 80-8119-6, 80-8119 cc20 cc21-3, 60-6121 cc

22-3, 50-5122-5, 70-7122-6, 70-71

22 cc23-2, 109-110

23-3, 90-9123 cc24 cc

25-1, 70-7125-2, 70-7125-3, 70-7125-4, 70-71

25 cc26-2, 70-7126-5, 70-71

26 cc27-2, 70-7127-3, 70-7127 cc

28-1, 105-10628-2, 70-7128-4, 70-7128 cc

29-1, 70-7129-2, 70-7129 cc

30-1, 100-10130 cc31-1, 70-71

31-3, 69-70

PRESERVATION

G

M

G

M

M

M

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

M

G

G

M

G

M

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

M

G

G

M

G

M

P

G

M

M

G

G

G

M

G

G

G

G

G

M

M

M

Angulolithina area

R

R

R

R

R

Aεpidorhabdus stylifer

Catinaster coalitus

R

R

R

R


C. primus

R

R

R

R

R

R

C. rugosus

R

R

R

C. tricorniculatus

VR

R

RCoccolithus eopelagicus

C. miopelagicus

C

A

A

C

F

A

C

cA

F

A

F

C

F

F

C. pelagicus

F

F

C

A

C

C

c

F

cR

R

R

R

R

F

F

F

R

R

Coronocyclus serratuε

R

R

R

R

F

F

R


C. floridanus

f

F

F

C

R

C

c


C. leptopora

A

F

A

C

F

A

F

cF

A

A

F

A

C

C

C

F

A

A

F

A

FR

F

F

R

FF

C

cF

F

F

C

F

R

C

RA

F

R

C

A

F

F

A

R

C


D. scrippsae


FR

C

R

R

R

D. aulakos

R

R

F

R

D. bellus

(

(

(

C

D. blackstockae

R

R

D. bollii

R

R

F

F

R

R

R

R

R

C

D. braarudii

F

F

A

F

C

A

F

A

A

R

F

F

F

C

D. brouweri

A

R

A

C

F

A

F

A

R

C

C

C

F

C

F

C

F

C

C

F

C

C

ccA

A

A

C

C

R


F

F

F

C

F

FD. calcaris

FD. challengeri

F

F

R

R

F

R

F

R

R

F

R

D. decorus

R

R

R

cF

F

D. deflandrei

R

R

F

A

F

C

C

F

A

F

C

D. druggii

D. e×ilis

R

F

F

F

F

F

F

R

D. hamatus

A

C

A

D. intercalaris

R

D. kugleri

R

F

R

C

CD. loeblichii

R

R

R

D. neohamatus

R

D. neorectus

R

D. nodifer

D. pentaradiatus

C

R

A

R

F

CR

R

C

R

F

R

R

R

A

R

C

R

D. prepentaradiatus

R

D. pseudovariabilis

F

F

R

D. quinqueramus

F

R

C

C

ccccccc

ccF

c

F

D. signus

F

D. surculus

R

R

C

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

F

F

R

D. tamalis

D. ta

niD. toralus

R

R

R

R

D. variabilis

A

R

F

F

R

AR

F

R

A

R

C

C

A

C

CF

R

A

C

F

FF

R

F

CC

C

A

A

C

C

A

C

A

C

F

A

C

F

C

F

C

C

A

R

A

Emiliania annula

E. huxleyi

E. ovata


G. doronicoides

G. oceanica


R

R

R

R

R

H. compacta

H. euphratis

R

R

R

R

B. intermedia

C

<

R

H. sellii

R

R

R


R


A

A

C

C

A

C

F

F

A

F

A

F

A

C

A

F

C

A

A

F

A

F

A

F

C

A

A

A

C

C

C


Scyphosphaera pulcherrima

R

S. recurvata

R

R

Sphenolithus abies

R

R

R

F

F

R

R

F

F

S. belemnos

S. ciperoensis

S. distentus

S. heteroπorphus

C

F

F

F

F

C

A

C

wcc

to

H0

H

"1

R

C

F

F

C

C

F

A

S. neoabies

cR

C

S. predistentus




T. milowii

T. rugosus

R


umbilicosphaera cricota

R

R

C

CONo

TABLE 7 - Continued


AGE

MIOCENE

OLIGOCENE

EARLY

LATE

NANNO-FOSSILZONE

ORSUBZONE

Spheno-lithus

belemnos

Discoasterdruggii

D.deflandrei

Dictyo-coccitesabisectus

Spheno-lithus

ciperoensis

S.ciperoensis

orS. distentus

lithusdistentus


(cm)

31-4, 68-6931-5, 71-7231 cc32-2, 70-7132-3, 70-7132-4, 71-7232-5, 70-7132 cc33-1, 105-10633-2, 68-6933-4, 54-5533 cc34-1, 98-9934-4, 66-6734-5, 41-4234 cc35-4, 72-7335 cc36-4, 58-5936 cc37-4, 56-5737 cc38-1, 96-9738 cc39-3, 62-6339 cc40 cc41 cc42 cc43-1, 103-10444 cc45 cc46 cc47 cc48-l j 140-14149 cc52-1, 62-6352 cc53 cc54 cc55 cc56-5, 65-6856-5, 70-7156 cc57 cc58 cc59 cc63 cc64 cc65 cc

PRESERVATION

M

M

M

M

M

M

MM

M

M

MMM

MM

M

M

MM

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

P

M

MPP

P

P

P

P

P

P

P

Angulolithina area


Catinaster coalitus


C. primus

C. rugosus

C. tricorniculatus


R

R

F

R

C. miopelagicus

A

F

F

C

C

R

C

C

F

C

A

C

F

A

F

F

F

R

R

R

F

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

F

C. pelagicus

R

R

R

R

R

F


R

F

R

F

R

R


VR

F

C

C

ccF

cA

C

A

A

A

C

C

C

cccF

C

C

F

F

A

C

R

R

R

C

C

cF

C

C. floridanus

A

A

C

C

F

F

F

C

C

cccF

C

C

C

F

F

F

F

F

R

F

R

R

C

C

F

R

C


?

C. leptopora

R

F

F

F

R


F

C

FFC

cF

C

cc

FCcF

R

R

RF

F

C

F

R

D. scrippsae

R

R

R

R

A


D. aulakos

R

D. bellus i

>H

<U

A

D. blackstockae

D. bollii

D. braarudii

D. brouweri


D. calcaris

D. challengeri

D. decorus

D. deflandrei

C

A

VA

A

A

C

A

VA

A

A

A

VA

C

F

R

VA

C

R

R

R

R

R

A

R

R

R

R

R

R

F

F

F

F

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

RR

R

D. druggii

C

F

F

R

F

F

C

D. exilis

D. hamatus

D. intercalaris

D. kugleri

D. loeblichii

D. neohamatus

D. neorectus

D. nodifer

R

D. pentaradiatus

D. prepentaradiatus

D. pseudovariabilis.

D. quinqueramus

D. signus

D. surculus

D. tamalis

D. tani

R

R

R

RD. toralus

D. variabilis

R

R

cq

q

g. huxleyi

E. ovata


G. doronicoides

G. oceanica


C

H. compacta

RR

R

RRR

H. euphratis

H. intermedia

R

RR

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

H. kamptneri

H. sellii




Scyphosphaera pulcherrima

S. recurvata

Sphenolithus abies

S. belemnos

R

F

C

R

S. ciperoensis

R

R

F

R

C

F

F

F

C

C

c

R

R

?

S. distentus

R

R

F

S. heteromorphus

<n

F

C

R

F

C

F

F

F

C

C

F

FF

F

F

R

F

C

F

C

C

F

F

F

F

FR

F

F

C

F

R

R

RRFRF

S. neoabies

S. predistentus

R




R

RR

RRRR

F

F

R

R

T. milowii

R

R

R

R

R

R

T. rugosus



o


Site 297The nannofossil recovery from this hole is not consis-

tent with the normal sequence of Pleistocene subzones(Table 8). Samples 297-1, CC through 297-4-4, 70-71 cmcontain well-preserved specimens typical of the latePleistocene Gephyrocapsa oceanica Zone. Samples 297-6-1, 70-71 cm through 297-11-3, 70-71 cm containspecimens representative of the early PleistoceneGephyrocapsa caribbeanica Subzone. However, thespecies diversity in this latter assemblage is reduced, andthe quality of preservation is poorer than that observedin the G. oceanica Zone assemblages. Between these twoassemblages a group of samples (297-4-6, 60-61 cmthrough 297-5, CC) contains an assemblage that canbest be recognized as belonging to the Holocene-Pleistocene Emiliania huxleyi Zone. Whether this zonaldisplacement is due to faulting, slumping, or reworkingof the upper unit is not known at this time.

The late Pliocene interval is represented by Samples297-11, CC and 297-17, CC. The former sample clearlybelongs in the Cyclococcolithina macintyrei Subzone,while the latter sample does not contain sufficient nan-nofossils to identify it with a specific late Pliocene sub-zone.

Sample 297-18, CC can best be assigned to theReticulofenestra pseudownbilica Zone, but again sub-zonal designation is not possible. Cores 19 through 23are barren of nannofossils and cannot be dated.

Samples 297-24-1, 116-117 cm through 297-24, CCcontain an assemblage than can probably be best assign-ed to the middle Miocene Discoaster exilis Zone. Sam-ples from Cores 25 and 26 contain very few poorlypreserved nannofossils, but their position in thestratigraphic sequence probably also places them in theD. exilis Zone.

The final core sample, 297-27, CC, while containing afew reworked specimens of Discoaster saipanensis, has afairly diverse, relatively well-preserved assemblage ofnannofossils which can be placed in the early middleMiocene Sphenolithus heteromorphus Zone.

Site 298 (Holes 298 and 298A)The productive samples examined from these holes

and the nannofossils they contain are listed in Table 9. Anormal sequence of Holocene and Pleistocene nan-nofossil zones and subzones are represented in thesesamples. A few specimens of the following Pliocene,Miocene, and early Oligocene or late Eocene species arefound scattered throughout the younger assem-blages: Dictyococcites bisectus, Discoaster brouweri, D.exilis, D. kugleri, D. nodifer, and D. surculus. The singlesample, 298A-1, CC, from Hole 298A can be correlatedwith samples of the Emiliania huxleyi Zone in Hole 298.

Site 299The productive samples examined from this site and

the nannofossils they contain are listed in Table 10.Samples from Cores 1 through 8 contain relatively nor-mal nannofossil assemblages that can be correlated withthe Holocene-Pleistocene Emiliania huxleyi Zone. Thegenerally poor state of preservation as well as the pauci-ty and low diversity of fossil forms in the remainder of

the productive samples from this hole reflect the in-fluence of cold-water currents encroaching upon thisportion of the Sea of Japan from the north. The latePleistocene Gephyrocapsa oceanica Zone can berecognized in Samples 299-9, CC through 299-15-2, 55-56 cm. The early Pleistocene Gephyrocapsa caribbeanicaSubzone can be recognized in Samples 299-15-4, 60-61cm through 299-30, CC. Although Samples 299-23, CC,299-26, CC, and 299-30, CC contain only rare specimensof nannofossils, the latter two samples do contain thesubzonal index species G. caribbeanica. No age-diagnostic nannofossils were recovered from samplesbelow this point.

Site 300Only rare heavily overgrown specimens of Coccolithus

pelagicus were recovered from Sample 300-1, CC. Thisundoubtedly reflects the influence of cold-water currentson the nannofossil assemblages. However, more nearlynormal Holocene-Pleistocene specimens referrable tothe Emiliania huxleyi Zone were recovered from Sample300-2, CC. The fossil assemblages recovered from thesetwo samples are listed in Table 11.

Site 301Only sparsely occurring nannofossils were observed in

a few samples from this site (Table 11). Holocene-Pleistocene through early Pleistocene zones or subzonescan be recognized in the samples through Sample 301-4,CC. Only one additional sample, 301-6, CC, was foundto contain nannofossils. This sample must be of earlyPliocene age or older unless the specimens ofReticulofenestra pseudoumbilica are reworked.

Site 302The cold-water conditions characteristic of this part

of the Sea of Japan are reflected in the sparse nan-nofossil recovery from Hole 302 (Table 11). Nannofossilassemblages recovered from samples from Cores 1, 2,and 3 can be referred to the late Pleistocene Gephyrocap-sa oceanica Zone. Sample 302-4-2, 70-71 cm containsonly the species Gephyrocapsa doronicoides and, conse-quently, may belong to the G. doronicoides Zone. Sam-ple 302-5, CC contains rare, heavily overgrownspecimens of Reticulofenestra pseudoumbilica and thusmay belong to that early Pliocene Zone.

The remaining productive samples, 302-10, CCthrough 302-17-2, 70-71 cm, contain only sparse nan-nofossils including a few reworked Oligocene specimensof Cyclicargolithus abisectus and Sphenolithus ciperoen-sis. Associated diatoms suggest a possible late Mioceneage for this interval.

REFERENCESBerggren, W.A., 1972. A Cenozoic time-scale—some im-

plications for regional geology and paleobio-geography: Lethaia, v. 5, p. 195-215.

Berggren, W.A. and Van Couvering, J., 1973. Late Neogenechronostratigraphy, biostratigraphy, biochronology, andpaleoclimatology: Woods Hole Oceanographic InstitutionTech. Rept., No. 73-40.

Black, M., 1964. Cretaceous and Tertiary coccoliths fromAtlantic seamounts: Palaeontology., v. 7, p. 306-316.

671

C. H. ELLIS


SITE 297

AGE

PLEISTOCENE

PLIO

.MIOCENE

UJ

<i

HOLOCENE/

PLEI

STOC

ENE

>-_j

<

LU

UJ

UJ

MIDDLE

NANNO-FOSSILZONE

ORSUBZONE

Gephyrocapsaoceanica

Emilianiahuxleyil

Gephyrocapsacaribbeanica

E. annulaC.

macintyreiR. pseudoumb.

D. exilis?

S. hetero-morphus


(cm)

1 cc2 cc3 cc4-1, 76-774-2, 70-714-4, 70-714-6, 60-614 cc5-2, 70-715-4,70-715-6,70-715 cc6-1, 70-716-3, 70-716-5, 70-717-3, 70-717 cc8-3, 90-918-6, 135-1369-3, 70-719 cc10-1, 0-110-3, 70-7110-5, 70-7110-6, 70-7110 cc11-2, 120-12111-3, 70-7111-4, 70-7111 cc17 cc18 cc24-1, 116-11724-2, 63-6424 cc25-2, 41-4226 cc27 cc

PRESERVATION

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

M

M

G

G

G

G

G

M

G

P

M

P

G

G

G

M

M

MGGM

GGPP

M

M

M

PPG


R

R

R

R

R

Coccolithus pelagicus

R

C

R

R

R

Cyclococcolithina leptopora

RR

F

R

C

A

C

R

R

R

C

R

C

R

A

A

C

RF

R

C

RF

Discoaster bollii

R

R

D. braarudii

R

D. brouweri

R

F

C

F

D. deflandrei

R

R

R

R

R

D. saipanensis

R

D. tani

R

R

D. variabilis

F

R

R

R

R

Emiliania annula

R

F

R

R

F

R

R

R

C

R

F

C

R

RR

R

C

F

E. huxleyi

R

R

?E. ovata

R

C

R

C

A

C

R

RR

C

A

A

F

Gephyrocapsa aperta

R

G. caribbeanica

R

F

C

F

A

F

F

A

C

C

R

C

F

R

F

F

R

RR

R

R

R

G. doronicoides

A

F

C

A

A

VA

RA

R

A

R

C

F

CRR

RRRRF

C

G. oceanica

R

F

C

R

C

A

C

C

F

F

Helicopontosphaera kamptneri

R

R

FRR

R

F

R

F

R

RRRRR

R


R


RR

R

F


R

Sphenolithus abies

F

F

S. heteromorphus

F

S. mori for mi s

R

Syracosphaera sp.

R

R


R

F

F

U. sibogae

R

672



SITE 298

AGE

HO

LO

CE

NE

/P

LE

IST

OC

EN

E

PL

EIS

TO

CE

NE

UJ

EA

RL

Y

N A N N O -FOSSILZONE

ORSUBZONE

Emilianiahuxleyi



CORE,SECTION,

INTERVAL(cm)

HOLE 2981 cc2-4, 125-1262 cc3-1, 120-1213 cc4-1, 40-414 cc5-1, 85-865-2, 53-546-1, 60-617-1, 40-417 cc

8 cc

9-1, 70-739 cc10 cc11 cc12 cc13 cc14 cc15 cc16-4,53-5416 cc

PR

ES

ER

VAT

ION

M

G

M

G

M

M

M

M

M

M

GGG

G

M

GG

G

GG

G

M

G

Bra

aru

do

sph

aera

b

igelo

wi

RC

era

toli

thu

s cris

tatu

sR

R

R

R

Co

cco

lith

us

pela

gic

us

R

R

R

F

R

R

R

R

Cyclo

co

cco

lith

ina

le

pto

po

ra

R

F

C

F

F

F

C

C

cF

F

R

F

Dic

tyo

co

ccit

es

bis

ectu

s

R

Dis

co

ast

er

bro

uw

eri

R

R

D.

exil

is

R

D.

ku

gle

ri

R

D.

no

dif

er

R

D.

surc

ulu

s

R

Em

ilia

nia

a

nn

ula

RRR

C

F

E.

hu

xle

yi

C

FC

C

A

E.

ova

ta

R

RRRR

F

R

F

F

C

R

Gep

hyro

ca

psa

ca

rib

bea

nic

a

FF

F

CC

C

F

C

A

F

F

C

C

F

F

C

G.

do

ron

ico

ides

R

F

F

F

F

C

C

F

A

RA

C

C

CCC

F

G.

ocea

nic

a

F

C

F

F

F

F

R

R

Heli

co

po

nto

sph

aera

h

ya

lin

a

R

H.

ka

mp

tneri

R

R

R

R

R

R

RR

R

RR

R

Reti

cu

lofe

nest

ra

pse

ud

ou

mb

ilic

a

R

Um

bil

ico

sph

aera

cric

ota

C

HO

LO./

PLE

IST.

E. huxleyiHOLE 298A1 cc G R C R R C R

Black, M. and Barnes, B., 1961. Coccoliths and discoastersfrom the floor of the South Atlantic Ocean: J. Roy. Micro.Soc, v. 80, p. 137-147.

Boudreaux, J.E. and Hay, W.W., 1969. Calcareous nan-noplankton and biostratigraphy of the late Pliocene-Pleistocene-Recent sediments in the Submarex cores: Rev.Espan. Micropaleontol., v. 1, p. 249-292.

Bramlette, M.N. and Riedel, W.R., 1954. Stratigraphic valueof discoasters and some other microfossils related to Re-cent coccolithophores: J. Paleontol., v. 28, p. 385-403.

Bramlette, M.N. and Sullivan, F.R., 1961. Coccolithophoridsand related nannoplankton of the early Tertiary in Califor-nia: Micropalėontology., v. 7, p. 129-188.

Bramlette, M.N. and Wilcoxon, J.A., 1967a. Middle Tertiarycalcareous nannoplankton of the Cipero Section, Trinidad,W.I.: Tulane Stud. Geol. Paleontol., v. 5, p. 93-131.

, 1967b. Discoaster druggi nom. nov. pro Discoasterextensus Bramlette and Wilcoxon, 1967, non Hay,1967: Tulane Stud. Geol. Paleontol., v. 5, p. 220.

673

C. H. ELLIS


SITE 299

AGE

\

LO

CE

NE

OX

PL

EIS

TO

CE

NE

PLE

IST

OC

EN

ELA

TEEA

RLY

?

NANNO-FOSSILZONE

ORSUBZONE

Emilianiahuxleyi



?

CORE,SECTION,

INTERVAL(cm)

1 cc2-2, 50-512 cc3 cc4 cc5 cc6-4, 45-466 cc8-2, 12-138 cc9 cc10-2,55-5610-4, 20-2110 cc11 cc13-2, 20-2113 cc14-2, 2-314 cc15-2, 55-5615-4, 60-6115 cc16-4, 80-8116 cc17-2, 75-7617 cc18-2, 71-7222-4, 60-6122 cc23 cc26 cc30 cc38-6, 119-120

PRE

SER

VA

TIO

NP

PM

M

M

M

G

M

M

M

P

M

M

P

PM

M

P

M

M

P

P

P

PPPPP

P

P

p

PP

Bra

arud

osph

aera

big

elow

iR

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

Cocc

oli

thus

pel

agic

us

R

A

R

R

R

F

C

F

R

R

R

F

F

F

R

R

R

F

R

R

R

R

R

R

F

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

Cyc

loco

ccoli

thin

a

lepto

pora

R

R

RR

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

Em

ilia

nia

ann

ula

R

R

R

E.

huxl

eyi

R

C

F

R

R

C

C

R

F

E.

ova

ta

R

R

R

Gep

hyro

caps

a ca

ribbea

nic

a

C

R

F

R

R

R

F

F

R

R

R

G.

doro

nic

oid

es

R

F

F

C

R

F

R

R

R

R

R

R

F

R

R

G.

oce

anic

a

R

R

C

F

F

F

A

A

F

C

R

F

R

F

R

F

R

R

R

Hel

icop

onto

spha

era

kam

ptne

ri

|

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

Um

bili

cosp

haer

a cr

ico

ta

R

Brönnimann, P. and Stradner, H., 1960. Die Foraminiferen-und Discoasteriden-zonen von Kuba and ibre interkon-tinentale Korrelation: Erdoel-Z., v. 76, p. 364-369.

Bukry, D., 1970. Coccolith age determinations, Leg 4, DeepSea Drilling Project. In Bader, R.G., et al., Initial Reportsof the Deep Sea Drilling Project, Volume 4: Washington(U.S. Government Printing Office), p. 375-381.

, 1971a. Cenozoic calcareous nannofossils from thePacific Ocean: San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist. Trans., v. 16, p.303-328.

1971b. Discoaster evolutionary trends:Micropaleontology, v. 17, p. 43-52.

1973a. Coccolith stratigraphy, eastern equatorialPacific, Leg 16 Deep Sea Drilling Project. In van Andel,T.H., Heath, G.R., et al., Initial Reports of the Deep SeaDrilling Project, Volume 16: Washington (U.S. Govern-ment Printing Office), p. 653-711.

1973b. Low-latitude Coccolith biostratigraphiczonation. In Edgar, N.T., Saunders, J.B., et al., InitialReports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, Volume15: Washington (U.S. Government Printing Office), p.685-703.

., 1973c. Phytoplankton stratigraphy, Deep Sea Drill-

Drilling Project, Volume 20: Washington (U.S. Govern-ment Printing Office), p. 307-317.

Bukry, D. and Bramlette, M.N., 1968. Stratigraphicsignificance of two genera of Tertiary calcareous nan-nofossils: Tulane Stud. Geol. Paleontol., v. 6, p. 149-155.

, 1969. Some new and stratigraphically usefulcalcareous nannofossils of the Cenozoic: Tulane Stud.Geol. Paleontol., v. 7, p. 131-142.

Bukry, D. and Percival, S.F., 1971. New Tertiary calcareousnannofossils: Tulane Stud. Geol. Paleontol., v. 8, p. 123-146.

Cohen, C.L.D., 1964. Coccolithophorids from two Caribbeandeep-sea cores: Micropaleontology, v. 10, p. 231-250.

Cohen, C.L.D. and Reinhardt, P., 1968. Coccolithophoridsfrom the Pleistocene Caribbean deep-sea core CP-28: N.Jb. Geol. Palaont., Abhandl., v. 131, p. 289-304.

Deflandre, G., 1942. Coccolithophoridées fossiles d'oraniegenres Scyphosphαerα Lohmann et ThorosphαerαOstfeld: Soc. Hist. Nat. Toulouse Bull., v. 77, p. 125-137.

, 1947. Braarudosphaera nov. gen., type d'une famillenouvelle de Coccolithophoridés actuels à elements com-posites: C.R. Acad. Sci., Paris, v. 225, p. 439-441.

1953. Hétèrogenéité intrinséque et pluralité deselements dans les coccolithes actuels et fossils: C. R. Acad.Sci., Paris, v. 237, p. 1785-1787.

Deflandre, G. and Fert, C, 1954. Observations sur les Coc-colithophoridés actuels et fossiles en microscope ordinaireet electronique: Ann. Paleontol., v. 40, p. 117-176.

Ellis, C.H., Lohman, W.H., and Wray, J.L., 1972. UpperCenozoic calcareous nannofossils from the Gulf of Mexico(Deep Sea Drilling Project, Leg 1, Site 3): Colorado SchoolMines Quart., v. 67, 103 p.

Gaarder, K.R., 1970. Three new taxa of Coccolithineae: Nytt.Mag. Bot., v. 17, p. 113-126.

Gartner, S., Jr., 1967. Calcareous nannofossils from Neogeneof Trinidad, Jamaica, and Gulf of Mexico: Kansas Univ.Paleontol. Contr., Paper 29, p. 1-7.

, 1969a. Two new calcareous nannofossils from theGulf Coast Eocene: Micropaleontology, v. 15, p. 31-34.

1969b. Correlation of Neogene planktonic

ing Project Leg 20, western Pacific Ocean. In Heezen, B.C.,MacGregor, I.D., et al., Initial Reports of the Deep Sea

foraminifer and calcareous nannofossil zones: Gulf CoastAssoc. Geol. Soc. Trans., v. 19, p. 585-599.

Gartner, S., Jr., and Smith, L.A., 1967. Coccoliths and relatedcalcareous nannofossils from the Yazoo Formation(Jackson, Late Eocene) of Louisiana: Kansas Univ.Paleontol. Contr., Paper 20, p. 1-7.

Gran, H.H. and Braarud, T., 1935. A qualitative study of thephytoplankton in the Bay of Fundy and the Gulf ofMaine: J. Biol. Board Canada, v. 1, p. 279-467.

Grassé, P.P., 1952. Traité de Zoologie: Anatomie, systémati-que, biologie:, v. 1, fasc. 1: Phylogénie. Protozoaires:genéralités. Flagellés. Paris (Masson).

Haq, B.U., 1966. Electron microscope studies on some UpperEocene calcareous nannoplankton from Syria: StockholmContr. Geol., v. 15, p. 23-37.

Haq, B.U., 1973. Evolutionary trends in the Cenozoic coc-colithophore genus Helicopontosphaera: Micropaleont-ology, v. 19, p. 32-52.

Hay, W.W., 1970. Calcareous nannofossils from coresrecovered on Leg 4. In Bader, R.G., Gerard, R.D., et al.,Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, Volume 4:Washington (U.S. Government Printing Office), p. 455-501.

Hay, W.W., Mohler, H., Roth, P.H., Schmidt, R.R., andBoudreaux, J.E., 1967. Calcareous nannoplankton zona-tion of the Cenozoic of the Gulf Coast and Caribbean-Antillean area, and transoceanic correlation: Gulf CoastAssoc. Geol. Soc. Trans., v. 17, p. 428-480.

674


TABLE 11Nannofossil Occurrences at Sites 300, 30]

SITES 300, 301 & 302

AGE

HO

L<

NANNO-FOSSILZONE

ORSUBZONE

Emilianiahuxleyi

SITE,CORE,

SECTION,INTERVAL

(cm)

SITE 3001 cc2 cc

Z

o<>UJooUJ

Q_

PG

•H

O>H<Db>

"H

s•stoo3jv|

f«

( 1oq

to3

4J(0

4Jto*Hoto3

-CJ4J"H>HO+J<απ<Dü

to

o

>H<D

to3

,Cj4J"H>HO0üoO

RR

to3

üQ)to

•H

to3

+J•H>H

oN

ü•H•Hü

O

, and 302

aoQ.<D

"-H

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it.

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•HO

°

• H<DH

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oüto

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o•

R

8•H

to<ü

X!S

1üo

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R

to<ü

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•HCoo>Q<

c

ü•HCJ

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•

c

eri

-5e

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to0

ca8

•H>H<U

R

8•H>H•H

10

3<ü

•uto<ü

§"•I•H

0•H30

• H+J<D

to•H

a<D

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pü'aütjMQ)ftJ

to0ü

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R

HO

LO./

PLEI

ST.

PLEI

.

_•

LÜ

?

Emilianiahuxleyi

G. oceanicaG. caribb.

?

SITE 3012-3, 45-462-5, 120-1212 cc4 cc6 cc

PMMGM

R RRRR

A R

R C

RC

RAF

RR R

RR

PLEI

STO

CEN

E

LATE

LU

PLIO.

MIO

CE

NE

?

LATE

?


G. doron.?R. pseudo.1

?

SITE 3021 cc2 cc3-2, 36-373-4, 50-513 cc4-2, 70-715 cc10 cc11 cc14 cc16 cc17-2, 70-71

MMPM

PPPPM

PPP

R

RRRA

R

R

R

RF

RR

R

RR

F A C

R

R

FR

RR

Hay, W.W., Mohler, H.P., and Wade, M.E., 1966. Calcareousnannofossils from Narchik (Northwest Caucasus): Ecolog.Geol. Helv., v. 59, p. 379-399.

Kamptner, E., 1937. Neue und bermerkenswerte Coccolithi-neen aus dem Mittelmeer: Arch. Protistenk., v. 89, p. 279-316.

, 1943. Zur revision der coccolithineen-spezies Pon-tosphαerα huxleyi: Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math-Naturw., Kl.80, p. 43-49.

, 1948. Coccolithen aus dem Torton des InneralpinenWiener Beckens: Sitz.-Ber. Osterr. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturw. Kl., Abt. I, v. 157, p. 1-16.

., 1954. Untersuchungen über den Feinbau der coc-colithen: Arch. Protistenk., v. 100, p. 1-90.

, 1963. Coccol i th ineen-Skele t t res te ausTiefseeablagerungen des Pazifischen Ozeans: Ann. Naturh.Mus. Wien, v. 66, p. 139-204.

Kamptner, E., 1967. Kalkfalgellaten-Skelettreste ausTiefseeschlamm des Sudatlantik: Ann. Naturh. Mus. Wien,v. 71, p. 117-198.

Levin, H.L., 1965. Coccolithophoridae and relatedmicrofossils from the Yazoo Formation (Eocene) ofMississippi: J. Paleontol., v. 39, p. 265-272.

Loeblich, A.R., Jr., and Tappan, H., 1966. Annotated indexand bibliography of the calcareous nannoplankton:Phycologia, v. 5, p. 81-216.

, 1968. Annotated index and bibliography of thecalcareous nannoplankton II: J. Paleontol., v. 42, p. 584-598.

675

C. H. ELLIS

, 1969. Annotated index and bibliography of thecalcareous nannoplankton III: J. Paleontol., v. 43, p. 568-588.

1970a. Annotated index and bibliography of thecalcareous nannoplankton IV: J. Paleontol., v. 44, p. 558-574.

1970b. Annotated index and bibliography of thecalcareous nannoplankton V: Phycologia, v. 9, p. 157-174.

1971. Annotated index and bibliography of thecalcareous nannoplankton VI: Phycologia, v. 10, p. 315-339.

, 1973. Annotated index and bibliography of thecalcareous nannoplankton VII: J. Paleontol., v. 47, p. 715-759.

Lohmann, H., 1902. Die Coccolithophoridae, einemonographie der coccolithen bildenden Flagellaten,zugleich ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis des Mittelmeerauf-triebs: Arch. Protistenk., v. 1, p. 89-165.

Markali, J. and Paasche, E., 1955. On two species ofUmbellosphaera, a new marine coccolithophoridgenus: Nytt. Mag. Bot., v. 4, p. 95-100.

Martini, E., 1958. Discoasteriden und verwandte formen inNW-deutschen EozSn (Coccolithophorida): Senckenb.Lethaea, v. 39, p. 353-388.

, 1965. Mid-Tertiary calcareous nannoplankton fromPacific deep-sea cores: Symp. Colston Res. Soc. Proc.17th, p. 393-411.

., 1969. Nannoplankton aus dem Miozà"n von Gabon(Westafrika): N. J. Geol. Palaont., Abhandl., v. 132. p.285-300.

., 1971. Standard Tertiary and Quaternary calcareousnannoplankton zonation: In Farinacci, A. (Ed.), Plank.Conf., Roma, 1970 Proc, Rome (Tecnoscienza), v. 2, p.738-785.

Martini, E. and Bramlette, M.N., 1963. Calcareous nan-noplankton from the experimental Mohole drilling: J.Paleontol., v. 37, p. 845-856.

Martini, E. and Ritzkowski, S., 1968. Was is das "Unter-Oligocan"?: Nachr. Akad. Wiss. Göttingen, II Math.-Phys. Kl., Jahrg. 1968, p. 231-249.

Martini, E. and Worsley, T., 1970. Standard Neogenecalcareous nannoplankton zonation: Nature, v. 115, p.289-290.

MUller, C, 1970. Nannoplankton aus dem Mittel-Oligozanvon Norddeutschland und Belgien: N. Jb. Geol. Palaont.,Abhandl., v. 135, p. 82-101.

Murray, G. and Blackman, V.H., 1898. On the nature of thecoccospheres and rhabdospheres: Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc.Lond., ser. B, v. 190, p. 427-441.

Roth, P.H., 1970. Oligocene calcareous nannoplanktonbiostratigraphy: Ecolog. Geol. Helv., v. 63, p. 799-881.

, 1973. Calcareous nannofossils—Leg 17, Deep SeaDrilling Project. In Winterer, E.L., Ewing, J.L., et al.,Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, Volume17: Washington (U.S. Government Printing Office), p.695-795.

Roth, P.H., Franz, H.E., and Wise, S.W., Jr., 1971.Morphological study of selected members of the genusSphenolithus Deflandre (Incertae sedis, Tertiary). InFarinacci, A. (Ed.) Plank. Conf. 2nd, Rome, Proc. 1970,Roma (Tecnoscienza), v. 2, p. 1099-1119.

Roth, P.H. and Thierstein, H.R., 1972. Calcareous nan-noplankton, Leg 14 of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. InHayes, D.E., Pimm, A.C., et al., Initial Reports of theDeep Sea Drilling Project, Volume 14: Washington (U.S.Government Printing Office), p. 421-485.

Schiller, J., 1930. Coccolithineae: In Rabenhorst, L.,Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Osterreich und derSchweiz: Leipzig, Akad. Verlagsgesellschaft, v. 10, no. 2, p.89-267.

Stradner, H., 1961. Vorkommen von nannofossilien imMesozoikum und AlttertiSr: Erdoel-Z., v. 77, p. 77-88.

Tan Sin Hok, 1927. Over de samenstelling en het onstaan vankrijt en mergelgesteenten van de Molukken: Jb. Mijnw.Nederl.-Indië, v. 55, p. 111-122.

Wallich, G.G., 1877. Observations on the coccosphere: Ann.Mag. Nat. Hist., v. 19, 4th ser., p. 342-350.

Weber-Van Bosse, A., 1901. Etudes sur les algues de 1'ArchipelMalaisien. III. Note préliminaire sur les résultats algologi-ques de Pexpédition du Siboga: Ann. Jard. Bot. Buiten-zorg, v. 17, p. 126-141.

Wilcoxon, J.A., 1970. Cyclococcolithina Wilcoxon nom. nov.(Norn. Subst. pro Cyclococcolithus Kamptner,1954): Tulane Stud. Geol. Paleontol., v. 8, p. 82-83.

676

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