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3/1/20163 Christian Humanism 1)If people could read the basic of Christianity they would become more pious 2)In order to change society first they must change the people.
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05/08/23 1
Reformation & Counter Reformation
05/08/23 2
The Reformation
A Challenge to the Catholic Church – 1500’s
05/08/23 3
Christian Humanism
1) If people could read the basic of Christianity they would become more pious
2) In order to change society first they must change the people.
05/08/23 4
Erasmus “Lays the egg”
05/08/23 5
Martin Luther and Lutheranism
1) Monk who became upset that the church was selling indulgences
2) Prepared 95 theses against indulgences in 15173) Concluded that faith and not good works or
deeds led to salvation4) These were copied (using the printing press!)
and spread throughout Europe = creation of a new denomination = Lutheranism = beginning of Protestant sects
05/08/23 6
Protestantism 1) Comes from the word “Protest”
2) Describes Christians who broke away from the Catholic Church and founded churches in protest of Catholic practices
3) These protesters also disagree amongst themselves which is why there are many Protestant denominations today
05/08/23 7
Politics in the German Reformation1) Charles V – H.R.E.
Wanted to keep the empire Christian and under the control of his dynasty
2) A number of problems prevented him: Series of wars (20 yrs.) over land w/ France The Turks in the East Internal political problems Many Ger. Princes supported Luther
05/08/23 8
Luther breaks from the Church1) 1521 Luther was excommunicated
2) Summoned to the Diet of Worms (Put on Trial)
3) Edict of Worms – made Luther an outlaw
4) His works were to be burned
5) He was to be captured
6) Avoided capture thanks to Fredrick of Saxony
05/08/23 9
Peace of Augsburg 15551) Ended Religious warfare in Germany
2) Accepted the division of Christianity in Germany
3) Catholic or Lutheran
4) German Rulers were free to determine the religion of their subjects
05/08/23 10
Zwinglian Reformation1) Ulrich Zwingli – priest in Zurich, Switzerland
2) Introduced reforms
3) Abolished relics & images
4) Tried to unite with Martin Luther
5) Later died in battle
05/08/23 11
John Calvin and Calvinism1) Studied theology + became interested in
Lutheranism2) Concluded that God already has decided on
the fate of people and world = predestination3) Also believed that congregations, not kings or
bishops, should choose their own leaders for their churches (Theocracy)
4) Puritan and Presbyterian Churches incorporate these concepts and beliefs
05/08/23 12
King Henry VIII
1) Threw out the Catholic Church from England and created his own Church of England. This was later called the Anglican Church.
2) Took power, land and money from Catholic church but changed little in belief system
3) Puritans later leave this church (due to Calvinist ideas) and immigrate to America for religious freedom
05/08/23 13
Catherine of Aragonm. 1509 - 1533
Divorced
Anne Boleynm. 1533 - 1536
Executed
Jane Seymourm. 1536 - 1537
Died
Anne of Clevesm. 1540 Jan. - July
Divorced
Kathryn Howardm. 1540 - 1542
Executed
Katherine Parrm. 1543 - 1547
Widowed