3054E Топливная система

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054E Industrial Engine 30400001-UP(SEBP3645 - 38) - Document Structure

Product: INDUSTRIAL ENGINEModel: 3054E INDUSTRIAL ENGINE 304Configuration: 3054E Industrial Engine 30400001-UP

ystems Operation54E Industrial Enginedia Number -RENR7568-01 Publication Date -01/12/2003 Date Updated -08/12

i027

uel Injection

MCS - 1251; 1252; 1253; 1254; 1281

ustration 1 g01140556

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Shutdown S

Previous Screen

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ow diagram of the fuel system

Fuel injection nozzles

Electronic fuel priming pump and secondary fuel filter

Fuel injection pump

Primary fuel filter/water separator

Fuel tank

Fuel return line

Fuel supply line

e 3054E engine is equipped with a Bosch VP30 fuel injection pump. This pump is an axial piston distributor injection pu

t is controlled by the Electronic Control Module (ECM).

e axial piston distributor injection pump generates injection pressure for all cylinders in a single pump. The injection pumponsible for the distribution of fuel to the fuel injection nozzles. The injection pressure is generated by an axially moving

ton. The movement of the piston is parallel to the fuel injection pump shaft.

hen the engine is cranking, the fuel is pulled from fuel tank (5) through primary fuel filter/water separator (4) by fuel prim

mp (2). When the fuel passes through the water separator, any water in the fuel will go to the bottom of the bowl. The fue

ming pump is equipped with a secondary fuel filter. From the fuel priming pump, the fuel passes through the fuel supply

fuel injection pump (3). The fuel injection pump sends fuel through the high pressure fuel lines to fuel injection nozzles (

e fuel injection nozzles spray atomized fuel into the cylinder.

e fuel injection pump needs fuel for lubrication. The precision parts of the pump are easily damaged. The engine must no

rted until the fuel injection pump is full of fuel. The system must be primed when any part of the system is drained of fuee fuel system needs priming when a fuel filter is changed, and/or when a fuel line is removed, and/or when the fuel inject

mp is replaced.

uel Injection Pump


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hematic of the Bosch VP30 fuel injection pump

ECM

Electronic Control Unit (ECU) for the fuel injection pump

Fuel priming pump

Speed/timing sensor

Cam ring

Fuel solenoid valve

Pressure regulator

Distributor plunger

Fuel transfer pump

0) Fuel injection nozzle

1) Timing solenoid valve


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2) Timing advance mechanism

3) Roller

4) Cam plate

5) Delivery valve

e fuel injection pump has the following operations:

q Delivery

q Generation of high pressure

q Distribution and injection

q Timing

q Shutoff

q Control

elivery


nter view of the Bosch VP30 fuel injection pump

Fuel transfer pump

el is supplied by the head pressure of the priming pump. The fuel enters fuel transfer pump (9) of the fuel injection pump

l transfer pump is a vane pump. The transfer pump is driven by the fuel injection pump shaft. The pump supplies a const

ount of fuel to the interior of the fuel injection pump. The revolution of the transfer pump is directly related to the speed

l injection pump shaft.


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el transfer pump for the Bosch VP30 fuel injection pump

Cam ring

6) Pump housing

7) Outlet passage

8) Rotor

9) Vane

0) Inlet passage

tor (18) rotates inside cam ring (5). The ring is firmly attached to pump housing (16). Vanes (19) are pressed against the

centrifugal force. The fuel flows through inlet passage (20) then into a recess in the pump housing.

e eccentric position of the rotor is relative to the cam ring. A volume is created between the vanes, the rotor, and the cam

e fuel is transported by the eccentric position. The eccentric position is relative to the rotor and outlet passage (17). The f

nsfered to the outlet passage into the distributor plunger. The volume of the fuel is reduced between the inlet passage and

let passage. This creates pressure before the delivery to the distributor plunger.

e quantity of fuel increases as the speed of the engine increases. Increased engine speed increases the delivery pressure of


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l. The pressure inside the pump is limited by a pressure regulator (7). The pressure regulator controls the fuel pressure. T

l forces the valve spring open and the fuel flows back into the inlet passage from the inside of the fuel injection pump.

eneration of High Pressure


e distributor rotor and the cam plate of the Bosch VP30 fuel injection

mp

Cam ring

3) Roller

4) Cam plate

Distributor plunger

1) Head of the distributor

2) Springs

e fuel comes from the outlet passage of the fuel transfer pump (9). The high pressure is generated by the axial movement

distributor plunger (8). The cam plate (14) is driven by the fuel injection pump shaft. The cam plate (14) has four cams.

mber of cams corresponds to the number of cylinders of the engine. The cams on the cam plate (14) run on the rollers (13

e rollers (13) are fixed on the cam ring (5). The rotating movement and the lifting movement of the cam plate (14) genera

h pressure.

e cam plate (14) moves the distributor plunger (8) toward the head of the distributor (21). The high pressure is created by

crease in the volume between the distributor plunger (8) and the head of the distributor (21). The cam plate (14) is pressed

cam ring (5) by two springs (22). This brings the distributor plunger (8) back to the original position. The fuel solenoid v

closes the high pressure volume.

stribution and Injection


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e rear view of the Bosch VP30 fuel injection pump

Fuel solenoid valve

5) Delivery valve


e distribution of fuel to the fuel injection nozzles (10) takes place through the rotating movement of the distributor plunge

e fuel solenoid valve (6) meters the amount of fuel by the following operations:

q Time of closure

q Duration time

q Start of injection

q Amount of fuel


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livery of fuel from the delivery valve


osing of the delivery valve

e delivery valve (15) ensures that the pressure waves do not allow a reopening of the fuel injection nozzle (10). The press

ves are created at the end of the injection process. The valve cone is lifted by the fuel pressure.

e fuel is forced through the fuel line to the fuel injection nozzle (10). The delivery ends and the fuel pressure drops. The v

ing presses the valve cone onto the valve seat. The reopening of a fuel injection nozzle (10) has a negative effect on

issions.


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ming

tarding of the fuel injection is the direct relationship between the start of injection and the position of the piston. The timi

mpensates for the higher RPM of the engine by advancing the start of injection.


ming advance for timing mechanism (side view and top view)


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ming retard for timing mechanism (side view and top view)

e timing advance or the timing retard of the fuel injection pump is shown in the following steps:

1. The ECU (2) sends a signal to the timing solenoid valve (11).

2. The timing mechanism is triggered by the timing solenoid valve (11) .

3. The timing solenoid valve (11) changes the pressure in the timing advance mechanism (12) .

4. The timing advance mechanism (12) changes the position of the cam ring (5) .

5. The cam ring (5) changes the position of the rollers (13) .

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6. The rollers (13) change the position of the cam plate (14) .

7. The cam plate (14) changes the timing of the fuel delivery.

hutoff

e engine shuts off by interrupting the fuel supply. The engine Electronic Control Module (ECM) (1) specifies the amount

l. The fuel solenoid valve (6) is switched by the ECU (2) on the fuel injection pump to zero.

ontrol


ectronic control for the fuel system (typical example)


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e ECU (2) for the injection pump uses the command from the ECM (1) and the measured values from the secondary spee

ming sensor (4) to actuate the fuel solenoid valve (6).


e timing wheel and the secondary speed/timing sensor

Secondary speed/timing sensor

3) Timing wheel

e ECU (2) for the fuel injection pump is mounted on the top of the pump. The ECU has a connection to the engine ECM

d a connection to the speed/timing sensor (4). The ECU has a connection for the two solenoid valves (6). The ECM funct

a control computer. The ECU calculates the optimal parameters from the ECM data. The fuel solenoid (6) actuates the va

ordingly.

e secondary speed/timing sensor (4) in the fuel injection pump determines the precise angular position and the speed of th

l injection pump shaft. Timing wheel (23) is permanently connected to the fuel injection pump shaft. The secondary spee

ming sensor (4) gets information from the timing wheel (23). The sensor then sends electrical impulses to the ECU (2). Th

U also uses the information to determine the average speed of the pump and momentary speed of the pump.

te: The engine will not run if the secondary speed/timing sensor (4) fails.

e signal of the speed/timing sensor (4) is constant. Power command signals are routed over the CAN data link from the en

M (1) to the ECU (2) on the fuel injection pump.


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perating principle

4) Angle of fuel delivery

5) Lift of the cam

6) Stroke

7) Pulse for actuating the fuel solenoid

8) Valve lift

9) Angle of the speed/timing sensor

e amount of fuel is proportional to the stroke of the piston. The effective stroke is proportional to the angle of fuel deliver

mperature compensation takes place in the ECU (2). The compensation takes place in order to inject the precise amount of

uel Injection Nozzles


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el injection nozzle

ch fuel injection nozzle is held into the cylinder head by a clamp around the fuel injection nozzle. The fuel injection nozz

not serviceable but the nozzles can be removed in order to clean the orifice.

e fuel injection pump forces the fuel to flow under high pressure to the hole in the fuel inlet. The fuel then flows around a

edle valve within the nozzle holder which causes the nozzle to fill with fuel. The pressure of the fuel pushes the needle va

d a spring. When the force of the fuel pressure is greater than the force of the spring, the needle valve will lift up.

hen the needle valve opens, fuel under high pressure will flow through the nozzle orifices into the cylinder. The fuel is inj

o the cylinder through the orifices in the nozzle end as a very fine spray. When the fuel is injected into the cylinder, the fo

the fuel pressure in the nozzle body will decrease. The force of the spring will then be greater than the force of the fuel

ssure that is in the nozzle body. The needle valve will move quickly to the closed position.


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e needle valve has a close fit with the inside of the nozzle. This makes a positive seal for the valve.

pyright 1993 - 2012 Caterpillar Inc.

Rights Reserved.

vate Network For SIS Licensees.

Sat Aug 25 19:37:54 UTC+1100

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uel Injection

MCS - 1251; 1252; 1253; 1254; 1281

ustration 1 g0114

ow diagram of the fuel system

) Fuel injection nozzles

) Electronic fuel priming pump and secondary fuel filter

) Fuel injection pump

) Primary fuel filter/water separator

) Fuel tank

) Fuel return line

) Fuel supply line

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e 3054E engine is equipped with a Bosch VP30 fuel injection pump. This pump is an axial piston distributor

ection pump that is controlled by the Electronic Control Module (ECM).

e axial piston distributor injection pump generates injection pressure for all cylinders in a single pump. The

ection pump is responsible for the distribution of fuel to the fuel injection nozzles. The injection pressure is

nerated by an axially moving piston. The movement of the piston is parallel to the fuel injection pump shaft.

hen the engine is cranking, the fuel is pulled from fuel tank (5) through primary fuel filter/water separator (4)

el priming pump (2). When the fuel passes through the water separator, any water in the fuel will go to the bo

the bowl. The fuel priming pump is equipped with a secondary fuel filter. From the fuel priming pump, the fu

sses through the fuel supply line to fuel injection pump (3). The fuel injection pump sends fuel through the hi

essure fuel lines to fuel injection nozzles (1). The fuel injection nozzles spray atomized fuel into the cylinder.

e fuel injection pump needs fuel for lubrication. The precision parts of the pump are easily damaged. The eng

ust not be started until the fuel injection pump is full of fuel. The system must be primed when any part of the

stem is drained of fuel. The fuel system needs priming when a fuel filter is changed, and/or when a fuel line is

moved, and/or when the fuel injection pump is replaced.

uel Injection Pump


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ustration 2 g0114

hematic of the Bosch VP30 fuel injection pump

) ECM

) Electronic Control Unit (ECU) for the fuel injection pump

) Fuel priming pump

) Speed/timing sensor

) Cam ring

) Fuel solenoid valve

) Pressure regulator

) Distributor plunger


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) Fuel transfer pump

0) Fuel injection nozzle


2) Timing advance mechanism

3) Roller

4) Cam plate

5) Delivery valve

e fuel injection pump has the following operations:

q Delivery

q Generation of high pressure

q Distribution and injection

q Timing

q Shutoff

q Control

elivery


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enter view of the Bosch VP30 fuel injection pump

) Fuel transfer pump

el is supplied by the head pressure of the priming pump. The fuel enters fuel transfer pump (9) of the fuel

ection pump. The fuel transfer pump is a vane pump. The transfer pump is driven by the fuel injection pumpaft. The pump supplies a constant amount of fuel to the interior of the fuel injection pump. The revolution of t

nsfer pump is directly related to the speed of the fuel injection pump shaft.



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uel transfer pump for the Bosch VP30 fuel injection pump

) Cam ring

6) Pump housing

7) Outlet passage

8) Rotor

9) Vane

0) Inlet passage

otor (18) rotates inside cam ring (5). The ring is firmly attached to pump housing (16). Vanes (19) are pressed

ainst the ring by centrifugal force. The fuel flows through inlet passage (20) then into a recess in the pump

using.

e eccentric position of the rotor is relative to the cam ring. A volume is created between the vanes, the rotor, a

e cam ring. The fuel is transported by the eccentric position. The eccentric position is relative to the rotor and

tlet passage (17). The fuel is transfered to the outlet passage into the distributor plunger. The volume of the fu

duced between the inlet passage and the outlet passage. This creates pressure before the delivery to the distrib

unger.

e quantity of fuel increases as the speed of the engine increases. Increased engine speed increases the delivery

essure of the fuel. The pressure inside the pump is limited by a pressure regulator (7). The pressure regulator

ntrols the fuel pressure. The fuel forces the valve spring open and the fuel flows back into the inlet passage froe inside of the fuel injection pump.

eneration of High Pressure


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he distributor rotor and the cam plate of the Bosch VP30 fuel injection

mp

) Cam ring

3) Roller

4) Cam plate

) Distributor plunger

1) Head of the distributor

2) Springs

e fuel comes from the outlet passage of the fuel transfer pump (9). The high pressure is generated by the axiaovement of the distributor plunger (8). The cam plate (14) is driven by the fuel injection pump shaft. The cam

ate (14) has four cams. The number of cams corresponds to the number of cylinders of the engine. The cams o

e cam plate (14) run on the rollers (13). The rollers (13) are fixed on the cam ring (5). The rotating movement

e lifting movement of the cam plate (14) generates high pressure.

e cam plate (14) moves the distributor plunger (8) toward the head of the distributor (21). The high pressure i

eated by a decrease in the volume between the distributor plunger (8) and the head of the distributor (21). The

ate (14) is pressed to the cam ring (5) by two springs (22). This brings the distributor plunger (8) back to the

ginal position. The fuel solenoid valve (6) closes the high pressure volume.

stribution and Injection


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he rear view of the Bosch VP30 fuel injection pump

) Fuel solenoid valve

5) Delivery valve


e distribution of fuel to the fuel injection nozzles (10) takes place through the rotating movement of the

stributor plunger (8). The fuel solenoid valve (6) meters the amount of fuel by the following operations:

q Time of closure

q Duration time

q Start of injection

q Amount of fuel


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elivery of fuel from the delivery valve


osing of the delivery valve


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e delivery valve (15) ensures that the pressure waves do not allow a reopening of the fuel injection nozzle (10

e pressure waves are created at the end of the injection process. The valve cone is lifted by the fuel pressure.

e fuel is forced through the fuel line to the fuel injection nozzle (10). The delivery ends and the fuel pressure

ops. The valve spring presses the valve cone onto the valve seat. The reopening of a fuel injection nozzle (10)

negative effect on emissions.

ming

tarding of the fuel injection is the direct relationship between the start of injection and the position of the pist

e timing compensates for the higher RPM of the engine by advancing the start of injection.


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ming advance for timing mechanism (side view and top view)


ming retard for timing mechanism (side view and top view)


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e timing advance or the timing retard of the fuel injection pump is shown in the following steps:

1. The ECU (2) sends a signal to the timing solenoid valve (11).

2. The timing mechanism is triggered by the timing solenoid valve (11) .

3. The timing solenoid valve (11) changes the pressure in the timing advance mechanism (12) .

4. The timing advance mechanism (12) changes the position of the cam ring (5) .

5. The cam ring (5) changes the position of the rollers (13) .

6. The rollers (13) change the position of the cam plate (14) .

7. The cam plate (14) changes the timing of the fuel delivery.

hutoff

e engine shuts off by interrupting the fuel supply. The engine Electronic Control Module (ECM) (1) specifies

mount of fuel. The fuel solenoid valve (6) is switched by the ECU (2) on the fuel injection pump to zero.

ontrol


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ectronic control for the fuel system (typical example)

e ECU (2) for the injection pump uses the command from the ECM (1) and the measured values from the

condary speed/timing sensor (4) to actuate the fuel solenoid valve (6).


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he timing wheel and the secondary speed/timing sensor

) Secondary speed/timing sensor

3) Timing wheel

e ECU (2) for the fuel injection pump is mounted on the top of the pump. The ECU has a connection to thegine ECM (2) and a connection to the speed/timing sensor (4). The ECU has a connection for the two solenoi

lves (6). The ECM functions as a control computer. The ECU calculates the optimal parameters from the ECM

ta. The fuel solenoid (6) actuates the valve accordingly.

e secondary speed/timing sensor (4) in the fuel injection pump determines the precise angular position and th

eed of the fuel injection pump shaft. Timing wheel (23) is permanently connected to the fuel injection pump s

e secondary speed/timing sensor (4) gets information from the timing wheel (23). The sensor then sends elect

pulses to the ECU (2). The ECU also uses the information to determine the average speed of the pump and

omentary speed of the pump.

ote: The engine will not run if the secondary speed/timing sensor (4) fails.

e signal of the speed/timing sensor (4) is constant. Power command signals are routed over the CAN data link

om the engine ECM (1) to the ECU (2) on the fuel injection pump.


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perating principle

4) Angle of fuel delivery

5) Lift of the cam

6) Stroke

7) Pulse for actuating the fuel solenoid

8) Valve lift

9) Angle of the speed/timing sensor

e amount of fuel is proportional to the stroke of the piston. The effective stroke is proportional to the angle of

livery. A temperature compensation takes place in the ECU (2). The compensation takes place in order to inje

e precise amount of fuel.


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uel Injection Nozzles


uel injection nozzle

ch fuel injection nozzle is held into the cylinder head by a clamp around the fuel injection nozzle. The fuel


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ection nozzles are not serviceable but the nozzles can be removed in order to clean the orifice.

e fuel injection pump forces the fuel to flow under high pressure to the hole in the fuel inlet. The fuel then flo

ound a needle valve within the nozzle holder which causes the nozzle to fill with fuel. The pressure of the fuel

shes the needle valve and a spring. When the force of the fuel pressure is greater than the force of the spring,

edle valve will lift up.

hen the needle valve opens, fuel under high pressure will flow through the nozzle orifices into the cylinder. T

el is injected into the cylinder through the orifices in the nozzle end as a very fine spray. When the fuel is inje

o the cylinder, the force of the fuel pressure in the nozzle body will decrease. The force of the spring will then

eater than the force of the fuel pressure that is in the nozzle body. The needle valve will move quickly to the

osed position.

e needle valve has a close fit with the inside of the nozzle. This makes a positive seal for the valve.

Documents

3054E Топливная система