3 Podela Racunarskih Mreza

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3.3. PPODELA RAUNARSKIH MREAODELA RAUNARSKIH MREA

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Raunarske mree se uglan!m "ele #rema !"re"$en%mRaunarske mree se uglan!m "ele #rema !"re"$en%mkarak&er%s&%kama % 'unk(%$ama.karak&er%s&%kama % 'unk(%$ama.

Oe #!"ele n%su n% %skl$Oe #!"ele n%su n% %skl$uu%e a n% "e'%n%&%ne) &ak! "a se ka&eg!r%$e%e a n% "e'%n%&%ne) &ak! "a se ka&eg!r%$eraunarsk%* mrea % &erm%n!l!g%$a m!gu +%&% ne,a%sne %l% se m!guraunarsk%* mrea % &erm%n!l!g%$a m!gu +%&% ne,a%sne %l% se m!gu#rekla#a&% % "!#un$aa&%.#rekla#a&% % "!#un$aa&%.-ak! %s&a raunarska mrea #r%#a"a %l% se m!e srs&a&% u %e-ak! %s&a raunarska mrea #r%#a"a %l% se m!e srs&a&% u %eka&eg!r%$a.ka&eg!r%$a.

Nek% !" #arame&ara na !sn!u k!$%* se m!guNek% !" #arame&ara na !sn!u k!$%* se m!guka&eg!r%,!a&% raunarske mreeka&eg!r%,!a&% raunarske mree su/su/gge!gra'ska el%%na)e!gra'ska el%%na)+r!$ !r!a)+r!$ !r!a)+r,%na #ren!sa #!"a&aka)+r,%na #ren!sa #!"a&aka)&&e*n!l!g%$a)e*n!l!g%$a)&!#!l!g%$a&!#!l!g%$a

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3.0 P!"ela raunarsk%* mrea 13.0 P!"ela raunarsk%* mrea 1 P! #r!s&!rn!m kr%&er%$umuP! #r!s&!rn!m kr%&er%$umu

LANLAN2L!(al Area Ne&!rk 4 L!kalne raunarske mree5 !+%n! #!kr%a$u2L!(al Area Ne&!rk 4 L!kalne raunarske mree5 !+%n! #!kr%a$u$e"nu '%rmu %l% us&an!u$e"nu '%rmu %l% us&an!u,, u !k%ru k!$%* re #!e,%an$e ra"n%*u !k%ru k!$%* re #!e,%an$e ra"n%*s&an%(a % sereras&an%(a % serera..

O+%n! se #!"ra,umea maks%malna u"al$en!s& !" nek!l%k! s&!&%naO+%n! se #!"ra,umea maks%malna u"al$en!s& !" nek!l%k! s&!&%na"! nek!l%k! *%l$a"a me&ara."! nek!l%k! *%l$a"a me&ara.

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LAN TehnologijeLAN Tehnologije

E&*erne&E&*erne&6as& E&*erne&6as& E&*erne&7%ga+%& E&*erne&7%ga+%& E&*erne&08 7%ga+%& E&*erne&08 7%ga+%& E&*erne&-!ken R%ng-!ken R%ng

6DDI6DDI9%reless LAN9%reless LAN

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LAN TehnologijeLAN Tehnologije

E&*erne&E&*erne&

E&*erne& $e ar*%&ek&ura mree sa ,a$e"n%k%m me"%$um!m a na%e seE&*erne& $e ar*%&ek&ura mree sa ,a$e"n%k%m me"%$um!m a na%e sek!r%s&%k!r%s&% ka!ka!ar*%&ek&ura l!kaln%* mrear*%&ek&ura l!kaln%* mrea. -!r(% !e ar*%&ek&ure su D%g%&ala. -!r(% !e ar*%&ek&ure su D%g%&alE:u%#men& ;!r#!ra&%!n) 8?.3.

@er,%$e s&an"ar"a/@er,%$e s&an"ar"a/>8?.3 08ase? 4 -*%nNe&) 08 M+#s) 0>Bm) R7B>) N;>8?.3 08ase? 4 -*%nNe&) 08 M+#s) 0>Bm) R7B>) N;>8?.3 08aseB 4 -*%(kNe&) 08 M+#s) B88m) -runk (!a=%al) D B>8?.3 08aseB 4 -*%(kNe&) 08 M+#s) B88m) -runk (!a=%al) D B

>8?.3 08ase- 4 U-P E&*erne&) 08 M+#s) 088m) U-P) RCB>8?.3 08ase- 4 U-P E&*erne&) 08 M+#s) 088m) U-P) RCB

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6 RM 3P

E&*erne& mrea %ma sle"ee !s!+%ne/E&*erne& mrea %ma sle"ee !s!+%ne/

RRa"% na "a na$n%a sl!$a re'eren&n!ga"% na "a na$n%a sl!$a re'eren&n!g OSIOSIm!"ela 2na '%,%m!"ela 2na '%,%k!m %k!m %sl!$u e,e #!"a&aka5sl!$u e,e #!"a&aka5..

r,%na #ren!sa $e !" 08 M+#sr,%na #ren!sa $e !" 08 M+#s..

KK!r%s&% ;SMAF;D 2!r%s&% ;SMAF;D 2Carrier Sense Multiple AccessCarrier Sense Multiple Access FF CollisionCollisionDetectionDetection5 me&!" #r%s&u#a mre% a ,asn%a se na "e&ek(%$% su"ara5 me&!" #r%s&u#a mre% a ,asn%a se na "e&ek(%$% su"ara..

KK!r%s&% "%'u,nu em%s%$u &ak! "a s% !r!% %s&!remen! "!+%$a$u!r%s&% "%'u,nu em%s%$u &ak! "a s% !r!% %s&!remen! "!+%$a$u#!"a&ke#!"a&ke..

Ima &!#!l!g%$u mag%s&rale %l% &!#!l!g%$u ,e,"e.Ima &!#!l!g%$u mag%s&rale %l% &!#!l!g%$u ,e,"e.


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6as& E&*erne&6as& E&*erne&U-PU-P088 ASE1- $e ser%$a s&an"ar"a ,a +r,% E&*erne& 2088M+%&088 ASE1- $e ser%$a s&an"ar"a ,a +r,% E&*erne& 2088M+%& FsFs5 k!$a5 k!$a

ukl$uu$e % sle"ee/ukl$uu$e % sle"ee/088 ASE1 -< k!r%s&% "a #ara ;a&B ka+l!a 2%l% +!l$e5088 ASE1 -< k!r%s&% "a #ara ;a&B ka+l!a 2%l% +!l$e5088 ASE1- k!r%s&% #ara ;a&3 ka+l!a 2%l% +!l$e5088 ASE1- k!r%s&% #ara ;a&3 ka+l!a 2%l% +!l$e5088 ASE1-? k!r%s&% ? #ara ;a&3 ka+l!a 2%l% +!l$e5 % uglan!m se088 ASE1-? k!r%s&% ? #ara ;a&3 ka+l!a 2%l% +!l$e5 % uglan!m se

%e ne k!r%s&%.%e ne k!r%s&%.Du%na segmen&a $e !gran%ena na 088m.Du%na segmen&a $e !gran%ena na 088m.

O#&%kaO#&%ka088 ASE16< k!r%s&% mul&% m!"e '%+er !#&%() maks%malna "u%na088 ASE16< k!r%s&% mul&% m!"e '%+er !#&%() maks%malna "u%na

88m ,a *al' "u#le= % ? km ,a 'ull "u#le=.88m ,a *al' "u#le= % ? km ,a 'ull "u#le=.088 ASE1S< $e'&%n%$a ,a %m#lemen&a(%$u !" 088 ASE16


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7%ga+%&7%ga+%&E&*erne&E&*erne&U-PU-P0888 ASE1 - k!r%s&% sa e&%r% #ara ka+l!a) #r% emu $e ;a&B0888 ASE1 - k!r%s&% sa e&%r% #ara ka+l!a) #r% emu $e ;a&B

m%n%mum) al% se #re#!ruu$e ;a&Be %l% ;a&.m%n%mum) al% se #re#!ruu$e ;a&Be %l% ;a&.0888 ASE1-< $e s&!ren !" s&rane -IA sa %"e$!m "a se0888 ASE1-< $e s&!ren !" s&rane -IA sa %"e$!m "a se

#!$e"n!s&a% % #!$e'&%n% 0888 ASE1- s&an"ar" % k!r%s&% "a #ara#!$e"n!s&a% % #!$e'&%n% 0888 ASE1- s&an"ar" % k!r%s&% "a #araka+l!a ,a sak% #raa(. a*&ea ka+l!e ka&eg!r%$e .ka+l!a ,a sak% #raa(. a*&ea ka+l!e ka&eg!r%$e .

Du%na segmen&a $e !gran%ena na 088m.Du%na segmen&a $e !gran%ena na 088m.

O#&%kaO#&%ka0888 ASE1S< k!r%s&% mul&% m!"e '%+er !#&%() maks%malna "u%na0888 ASE1S< k!r%s&% mul&% m!"e '%+er !#&%() maks%malna "u%na

??8m ,a??8m ,a ?.BF0?B Jm?.BF0?B Jmka+l) !"n!sn!ka+l) !"n!sn!B88m % %e ,aB88m % %e ,aBB88F0?B JmF0?B Jmka+lka+l..088 ASE1L< $e #re"%Gen ,a ra" na s%ngle m!"e '%+er ka+lu) #r%088 ASE1L< $e #re"%Gen ,a ra" na s%ngle m!"e '%+er ka+lu) #r%

emu $e s#e(%'%(%ran ,a "u%ne "! ? km) al% u #raks% se !s&aru$e % 08emu $e s#e(%'%(%ran ,a "u%ne "! ? km) al% u #raks% se !s&aru$e % 084 ?8 km. M!e "a ra"% % na mul&% m!"e ka+lu) #r% emu $e "u%na "!4 ?8 km. M!e "a ra"% % na mul&% m!"e ka+lu) #r% emu $e "u%na "!BB8m.BB8m.

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08 7%ga+%& E&*erne&08 7%ga+%& E&*erne&

P!un! n! s&an"ar") k!$% se % "al$e ra,%$a) #re"%Ga %e rs&aP!un! n! s&an"ar") k!$% se % "al$e ra,%$a) #re"%Ga %e rs&a!#&%k%* % U-P ka+l!a ,a u#!&re+u sa ra,l%%&%m "!me&%ma.!#&%k%* % U-P ka+l!a ,a u#!&re+u sa ra,l%%&%m "!me&%ma.

Na #r%mer) ;a& ka+l m!% e "a ra"% sam! "! "u%ne !" BmNa #r%mer) ;a& ka+l m!% e "a ra"% sam! "! "u%ne !" Bm

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-!ken R%ng-!ken R%ng

-!ken R%ng $e mrena ar*%&ek&ura u k!$!$ se k!r%s&% mrea-!ken R%ng $e mrena ar*%&ek&ura u k!$!$ se k!r%s&% mrea

&!#!l!g%$e #rs&ena % s&ra&eg%$a #ren!en$a &!kena ,a u#ral$an$e&!#!l!g%$e #rs&ena % s&ra&eg%$a #ren!en$a &!kena ,a u#ral$an$e#r%s&u##r%s&u#!m!mmre%. Oa rs&a ar*%&ek&ure se #!ka,ala na$+!l$!m namre%. Oa rs&a ar*%&ek&ure se #!ka,ala na$+!l$!m namreama sa mn!g! k!r%sn%ka % sa gus&%m sa!+raa$em +a ,+!gmreama sa mn!g! k!r%sn%ka % sa gus&%m sa!+raa$em +a ,+!gne#r%s&rasn!s&% #ra%la ,a #ren!en$a &!kena.ne#r%s&rasn!s&% #ra%la ,a #ren!en$a &!kena.

Ar*%&ek&uru -!ken R%ng1a "e'%n%e s&an"ar" IEEE >8?.B. O%mAr*%&ek&uru -!ken R%ng1a "e'%n%e s&an"ar" IEEE >8?.B. O%ms&an"ar"!m $e "e'%n%san % ra" mree na na$n%a "a sl!$a OSIs&an"ar"!m $e "e'%n%san % ra" mree na na$n%a "a sl!$a OSIre'eren&n!g m!"ela/ na '%,%k!m sl!$u % sl!$u e,e #!"a&aka.re'eren&n!g m!"ela/ na '%,%k!m sl!$u % sl!$u e,e #!"a&aka.

Na$,aslun%$% ,a #!#ularn!s& !e ar*%&ek&ure $e IM ,+!g e!maNa$,aslun%$% ,a #!#ularn!s& !e ar*%&ek&ure $e IM ,+!g e!ma"!+re #!e,an!s&% k!m#a&%+%ln%* P;1a sa el%k%m IM1!%m"!+re #!e,an!s&% k!m#a&%+%ln%* P;1a sa el%k%m IM1!%mraunar%ma.raunar%ma.

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-!ken R%ng %ma sle"ee karak&er%s&%ke/-!ken R%ng %ma sle"ee karak&er%s&%ke/

P!"raa +r,%ne 0 % M+#sP!"raa +r,%ne 0 % M+#s #rema IEEE >8?.B#rema IEEE >8?.B) !"n!sn! % 0 M+#s) !"n!sn! % 0 M+#s

#rema#rema IM1!!$ s#e(%'%ka(%$%IM1!!$ s#e(%'%ka(%$%..K!r%s&% #K!r%s&% #rs&en ka! l!g%krs&en ka! l!g%kuua ,e,"u ka! '%,%ku &!#!l!g%$ua ,e,"u ka! '%,%ku &!#!l!g%$u..

KK!r%s&% #ren!en$e &!kena ka! me&!" ,a #r%s&u#!r%s&% #ren!en$e &!kena ka! me&!" ,a #r%s&u# mme"%$umue"%$umu..

KK!r%s&% ka+l!e S-P 2!r%s&% ka+l!e S-P 2 Shielded Twisted-pairShielded Twisted-pair5 sa !kl!#l$en%m5 sa !kl!#l$en%mu#!re"n%m #ar%(ama % U-P 2u#!re"n%m #ar%(ama % U-P 2 Unshielded Twisted-pairUnshielded Twisted-pair5 sa5 sane!kl!#l$en%m u#!re"n%m #ar%(ama.ne!kl!#l$en%m u#!re"n%m #ar%(ama.

SSak% !r $e #!e,an na #r%s&u#nu $e"%n%(u k!$a #re"s&al$a (en&arak% !r $e #!e,an na #r%s&u#nu $e"%n%(u k!$a #re"s&al$a (en&ar

!%en$a % na,ana $e MAU 2!%en$a % na,ana $e MAU 2Multistation Access UnitMultistation Access Unit55..OOm!guaa u#!&re+u ra,!"n%* &a+l% k!$e se sme&a$u %,me"$um!guaa u#!&re+u ra,!"n%* &a+l% k!$e se sme&a$u %,me"$u!r!a % MAU $e"%n%(a %me se !lakaa u#!&re+e mree!r!a % MAU $e"%n%(a %me se !lakaa u#!&re+e mree..


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Ogran%en$a -!ken R%ng mrea su/Ogran%en$a -!ken R%ng mrea su/

MM%n%malna "u%na ka+l!a %,me"$u ra"n%* s&an%(a % MAU $e"%n%(a%n%malna "u%na ka+l!a %,me"$u ra"n%* s&an%(a % MAU $e"%n%(a$e$e

?.B?.Bmm.. RRas&!$an$a %,me"$u ra"n%* s&an%(a % MAU $e"%n%(aas&!$an$a %,me"$u ra"n%* s&an%(a % MAU $e"%n%(a )) u ,a%sn!s&% !"u ,a%sn!s&% !"&%#!a ka+l!a&%#!a ka+l!a) $e) $e"! B"! Bm ,a U-Pm ,a U-P%%088m ,a S-P088m ,a S-Pka+l.ka+l.

RRas&!$an$aas&!$an$a %,me"$u MAU $e"%n%(a%,me"$u MAU $e"%n%(a))u ,a%sn!s&% !" &%#!a ka+l!au ,a%sn!s&% !" &%#!a ka+l!a) $e) $e

"! 0?8m ,a U-P) ?88m ,a S-P"! 0?8m ,a U-P) ?88m ,a S-P %%"! 0888m ,a !#&%ke ka+l!e"! 0888m ,a !#&%ke ka+l!e..SSak% segmen& ka+la m!ra +%&% sa ,arn%m k!nek&!r!mak% segmen& ka+la m!ra +%&% sa ,arn%m k!nek&!r!m..

MMrea m!e %ma&% na$%e 33 MAU $e"%n%(e % "! ?8 ra"n%* s&an%(area m!e %ma&% na$%e 33 MAU $e"%n%(e % "! ?8 ra"n%* s&an%(aak! se k!r%s&e S-P ka+l!% % "! ? ra"ne s&an%(e ak! se k!r%s&e U-Pak! se k!r%s&e S-P ka+l!% % "! ? ra"ne s&an%(e ak! se k!r%s&e U-Pka+l!%ka+l!%55..


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Ne"!s&a(% -!ken R%ng mrea su/Ne"!s&a(% -!ken R%ng mrea su/

Parame&r% k!n'%gura(%$e su e!ma sl!en%.Parame&r% k!n'%gura(%$e su e!ma sl!en%. Sku#l$% elemen&% neg! k!" E&*erne& mrea.Sku#l$% elemen&% neg! k!" E&*erne& mrea.

PPr!%ren$e s%s&ema "!s&a k!&ar!%ren$e s%s&ema "!s&a k!&a..

KKa+l%ran$e $e #r%l%n! k!m#l%k!an!a+l%ran$e $e #r%l%n! k!m#l%k!an!..

PPrek%" ka+la k!" ee "u%ne &ee se nala,%rek%" ka+la k!" ee "u%ne &ee se nala,% ..


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FDDIFDDI

6DDI 26DDI 2Fiber Distributed Data InterfaceFiber Distributed Data Interface5 #re"s&al$a ar*%&ek&uru mrea5 #re"s&al$a ar*%&ek&uru mrea+a,%ranu na u#!&re+u ka+l!a sa !#&%k%m lakn%ma sa m!gun!s&%ma+a,%ranu na u#!&re+u ka+l!a sa !#&%k%m lakn%ma sa m!gun!s&%ma

el%ke +r,%ne #ren!sa.el%ke +r,%ne #ren!sa.+!g el%ke !!rn!s&%+!g el%ke !!rn!s&% na sme&n$ena sme&n$e !a &e*n!l!g%$a) ka! % &e*n!l!g%$a!a &e*n!l!g%$a) ka! % &e*n!l!g%$aE&*erne&a sa !#&%k%m ka+l!%ma) #re#!ruu$u se suE&*erne&a sa !#&%k%m ka+l!%ma) #re#!ruu$u se su"a"ag"e %ma $ak%*g"e %ma $ak%*magne&n%* #!magne&n%* #!ll$a) a sam%m &%m % el%k%* sme&n$% u #ren!su s%gnala$a) a sam%m &%m % el%k%* sme&n$% u #ren!su s%gnala..

K!r%s&% me&!"u &!kena) al% ,K!r%s&% me&!"u &!kena) al% ,a ra,l%ku !" -!ken R%nga) g"e $e u $e"n!ma ra,l%ku !" -!ken R%nga) g"e $e u $e"n!m&renu&ku u #rs&enu sam! $e"an &!ken % $e"an #ake& #!"a&aka) !"e $e&renu&ku u #rs&enu sam! $e"an &!ken % $e"an #ake& #!"a&aka) !"e $em!gue "a u %s&! reme kru% %e #ake&a a sam! $e"an &!ken. Na &a$m!gue "a u %s&! reme kru% %e #ake&a a sam! $e"an &!ken. Na &a$na%n u%nak se mn!g!s&ruk! #!eaana%n u%nak se mn!g!s&ruk! #!eaa

P!re" s&an"ar"a 6DDI k!$% "e'%n%e #ren!s #!"a&aka +r,%nama !" 088P!re" s&an"ar"a 6DDI k!$% "e'%n%e #ren!s #!"a&aka +r,%nama !" 088M+#s !#&%k%m ka+l!%ma) #!s&!$% % ANSI s&an"ar" SONE-M+#s !#&%k%m ka+l!%ma) #!s&!$% % ANSI s&an"ar" SONE-22Synchronous Optical NTwor!"Synchronous Optical NTwor!" ,a rl! +r,% #ren!s #!"a&aka. Oa$,a rl! +r,% #ren!s #!"a&aka. Oa$s&an"ar" "e'%n%e #ren!s #!"a&aka +r,%nama !" B0)>B M+#s "! ?)>>s&an"ar" "e'%n%e #ren!s #!"a&aka +r,%nama !" B0)>B M+#s "! ?)>>

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Osn!ne karak&er%s&%ke su/Osn!ne karak&er%s&%ke su/

P!"raaP!"raak!r%en$e $e"n!re%msk!gk!r%en$e $e"n!re%msk!g2s%ngl m!"e52s%ngl m!"e5 %l%%l%

%ere%msk!g%ere%msk!g 2mul&% m!"e52mul&% m!"e5 ka+la sa !#&%k%m lak!mka+la sa !#&%k%m lak!m..PP!"raa #r!s&%ran$e mree!"raa #r!s&%ran$e mree "!"!088 km088 km..

PP!"raa +r,%nu #ren!sa #!"a&aka "! 088 M+#s!"raa +r,%nu #ren!sa #!"a&aka "! 088 M+#s

PP!"raa "! 0888 !r!a na mre%!"raa "! 0888 !r!a na mre%PP!"raa ras&!$an$e %,me"$u !r!a "! ? km sa %ere%msk%m!"raa ras&!$an$e %,me"$u !r!a "! ? km sa %ere%msk%m

ka+l!m % "! 8 km sa $e"n!re%msk%m ka+l!mka+l!m % "! 8 km sa $e"n!re%msk%m ka+l!m..

KK!r%s&% me&!" &!kena ka! k!mun%ka(%$u %,me"$u ra"n%* s&an%(a!r%s&% me&!" &!kena ka! k!mun%ka(%$u %,me"$u ra"n%* s&an%(a

KK!r%s&% &!#!l!g%$u #rs&ena!r%s&% &!#!l!g%$u #rs&ena 22%ma "a #rs&ena sa #ren!s!m u%ma "a #rs&ena sa #ren!s!m usu#r!&n%m smer!%masu#r!&n%m smer!%ma5.5.

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MANMAN2Me&r!#!l%&an Area Ne&!rk 4 7ra"ske raunarske mre2Me&r!#!l%&an Area Ne&!rk 4 7ra"ske raunarske mree5 #!kr%a$ue5 #!kr%a$u%re #!"ru%re #!"ru$e 2gra") el%ke k!m#an%$e)...5$e 2gra") el%ke k!m#an%$e)...5 % !+e,+eGu$u #!e,%an$e% !+e,+eGu$u #!e,%an$e

LAN mrea.LAN mrea.

Regul%sane su s&an"ar"!m IEEE >8?.Regul%sane su s&an"ar"!m IEEE >8?.

O+%n! %* real%,u$u l!kalne &ele'!nske k!m#an%$e %l% l!kaln% ka+l!sk%O+%n! %* real%,u$u l!kalne &ele'!nske k!m#an%$e %l% l!kaln% ka+l!sk%"%s&r%+u&er%"%s&r%+u&er%

Real%,u$u se !+%n! !#&%k%m ka+l!%ma % %ma$u el%ku #r!#usnu m!Real%,u$u se !+%n! !#&%k%m ka+l!%ma % %ma$u el%ku #r!#usnu m!

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9AN9AN29%"e Area Ne&!rk 4 7l!+alne ra29%"e Area Ne&!rk 4 7l!+alne raunarske mree5 #!kr%a$u el%kaunarske mree5 #!kr%a$u el%ka#!"ru$a) "anas se sa !%m #!$m!m #!%s&!e#!"ru$a) "anas se sa !%m #!$m!m #!%s&!eu$e In&erne& ka!u$e In&erne& ka!gl!+alna se&ska mreagl!+alna se&ska mrea

OO+u*a&a$u+u*a&a$une!gran%en ge!gra'sk% #r!s&!r) sane!gran%en ge!gra'sk% #r!s&!r) sa#r!#usn%m#r!#usn%m!!#seg!m re"a 08 k+#s "!#seg!m re"a 08 k+#s "!8 7+#s8 7+#s

9AN -e*n!l!g%$e/9AN -e*n!l!g%$e/

Laer 0 2RS1?3?) RS1)


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9N9N229%reless9%relessNe&!rk 4Ne&!rk 4 e%ne mreee%ne mree55

ee%%ne mrene mree se m!gu #!"el%&% u &r% !sn!ne ka&eg!r%$e/e se m!gu #!"el%&% u &r% !sn!ne ka&eg!r%$e/

0.0.MreMree ,a #!e,%ae ,a #!e,%an$n$e s%s&emae s%s&ema4 lue&*!!&4 lue&*!!&

P!" #!e,%an$em s%s&ema #!"ra,umea seP!" #!e,%an$em s%s&ema #!"ra,umea se#!e,%an$e k!m#!nena&a raunara#!e,%an$e k!m#!nena&a raunarara"%!&alas%ma kra&k!g "!me&a.ra"%!&alas%ma kra&k!g "!me&a.Sk!r! sak% raunar %ma m!n%&!r)Sk!r! sak% raunar %ma m!n%&!r)&as&a&uru) m% % &am#a #!e,ane&as&a&uru) m% % &am#a #!e,anes glan!m $e"%n%(!m #!m!u ka+l!a.s glan!m $e"%n%(!m #!m!u ka+l!a.

Oe mree k!r%s&e !+ra,a( na"reGen!g % #!"reGen!g ureGa$a.Oe mree k!r%s&e !+ra,a( na"reGen!g % #!"reGen!g ureGa$a.S%s&emska $e"%n%(a $e !+%n! na"reGena % !na u#ral$a s!$%mS%s&emska $e"%n%(a $e !+%n! na"reGena % !na u#ral$a s!$%m#!"reGen%ma/ m%em) &as&a&ur!m %&". Ona %m sa!#&aa a"rese k!$e#!"reGen%ma/ m%em) &as&a&ur!m %&". Ona %m sa!#&aa a"rese k!$e&re+a "a k!r%s&e) ka"a m!gu "a em%&u$u) k!l%k! "ug! sme "a &ra$e&re+a "a k!r%s&e) ka"a m!gu "a em%&u$u) k!l%k! "ug! sme "a &ra$e

em%&!an$e) k!$e 'reken(%$e "a k!r%s&e % sl.em%&!an$e) k!$e 'reken(%$e "a k!r%s&e % sl.18 RM 3P


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?. e?. e%%ne l!kalne mrene l!kalne mreee

U !%m mreama sak% raunar #!se"u$e %reless a"a#&er % an&enuU !%m mreama sak% raunar #!se"u$e %reless a"a#&er % an&enu

#rek! k!$%* k!mun%(%ra sa "rug%m raunar%ma. Oa k!mun%ka(%$a se#rek! k!$%* k!mun%(%ra sa "rug%m raunar%ma. Oa k!mun%ka(%$a sem!e !s&ar%&% #!sre"n! #rek! A((ess P!%n&a) %l% "%rek&n! %,meGu "am!e !s&ar%&% #!sre"n! #rek! A((ess P!%n&a) %l% "%rek&n! %,meGu "araunara.raunara.

Regul%e %* s&an"ar" IEEE >8?.00 2a)+)g5.Regul%e %* s&an"ar" IEEE >8?.00 2a)+)g5.

?.0 A" *!( +e%ne mree?.0 A" *!( +e%ne mree

Om!guaa$u k!r%sn%(%ma k!mun%ka(%$u sak! sa sak%m +e,Om!guaa$u k!r%sn%(%ma k!mun%ka(%$u sak! sa sak%m +e,#r%s&u#ne &ake 2a((ess #!%n&5.#r%s&u#ne &ake 2a((ess #!%n&5.

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?.? Mree sa #r%s&u#n!m &ak!m?.? Mree sa #r%s&u#n!m &ak!m

K!" !%* mrea k!r%sn%(% ne !s&aru$u "%rek&nu k!mun%ka(%$u) eK!" !%* mrea k!r%sn%(% ne !s&aru$u "%rek&nu k!mun%ka(%$u) e

#rek! #r%s&u#ne &ake 2a((ess #!%n& 1 AP5. AP m!e +%&% #!e,an sa#rek! #r%s&u#ne &ake 2a((ess #!%n& 1 AP5. AP m!e +%&% #!e,an sa%an%m "el!m mree) a u mre% se m!e nala,%&% %e AP) &!%an%m "el!m mree) a u mre% se m!e nala,%&% %e AP) &!!m!guaa r!am%ng m!+%ln%* k!r%sn%ka.!m!guaa r!am%ng m!+%ln%* k!r%sn%ka.

20 RM 3P

?.3 Mree &aka 4 &aka?.3 Mree &aka 4 &aka

Slue ,a #!e,%an$e "e l!kalne !%ene mree k!$e se nala,e naSlue ,a #!e,%an$e "e l!kalne !%ene mree k!$e se nala,e na!"reGen!m ras&!$an$u.!"reGen!m ras&!$an$u.


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3. e3. e%%ne reg%!nalne mrene reg%!nalne mreee

D! sa"a su se k!r%s&%le mree k!$e su se !slan$ale na %n'ras&ruk&uruD! sa"a su se k!r%s&%le mree k!$e su se !slan$ale na %n'ras&ruk&uru

m!+%lne &ele'!n%$e % karak&er%sale su %* male +r,%ne) al% el%kam!+%lne &ele'!n%$e % karak&er%sale su %* male +r,%ne) al% el%karas#r!s&ran$en!s&.ras#r!s&ran$en!s&.

S&an"ar"!m IEEE >8?.0 "e'%n%u se !e mree k!$e e %ma&% el%kuS&an"ar"!m IEEE >8?.0 "e'%n%u se !e mree k!$e e %ma&% el%ku#r!#usnu m! % el%ku ras#r!s&ran$en!s&.#r!#usnu m! % el%ku ras#r!s&ran$en!s&.

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To!ologija ra&unarske mre(e IS-BAS

)egenda*

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P(i)e( (eli"o%ne (/n($*e )(eeP(i)e( (eli"o%ne (/n($*e )(ee

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3.? P!"ela raunarsk%* mrea 13.? P!"ela raunarsk%* mrea 1 P! &!#!l!g%$%P! &!#!l!g%$%

-!#l!g%$a !#%su$e #r!s&!rn% %,gle" mree 4 ras#!re" ka+l!a) serera)-!#l!g%$a !#%su$e #r!s&!rn% %,gle" mree 4 ras#!re" ka+l!a) serera)ra"n%* s&an%(a % ak&%ne k!mun%ka(%!ne !#remera"n%* s&an%(a % ak&%ne k!mun%ka(%!ne !#reme

us &!#!l!gus &!#!l!g 2-!#!l!g%$a mag%s&rale5 4 !r!% su #!e,an% #rek!2-!#!l!g%$a mag%s&rale5 4 !r!% su #!e,an% #rek!,a$e"n%ke mag%s&rale 2na $e"an ka+l su #r%kl$uen% s% raunar% $e"ne,a$e"n%ke mag%s&rale 2na $e"an ka+l su #r%kl$uen% s% raunar% $e"ne

mree5mree5

U slua$u #rek%"a mag%s&rale !nem!guen $e #r%s&u# s%m raunar%maU slua$u #rek%"a mag%s&rale !nem!guen $e #r%s&u# s%m raunar%ma

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Pre"n!s&% &Pre"n!s&% &!#!l!g%$!#!l!g%$eemag%s&ralemag%s&rale//

Ar*%&ek&ure ,asn!ane na !!$ &!#!l!g%$% su $e"n!s&ane % 'leks%+%lneAr*%&ek&ure ,asn!ane na !!$ &!#!l!g%$% su $e"n!s&ane % 'leks%+%lneCe"n!s&an! #r!%r%an$e "!"aan$em % uklan$an$em !r!aCe"n!s&an! #r!%r%an$e "!"aan$em % uklan$an$em !r!a

K!r%s&% na$man$e ka+l!a u !"n!su na "ruge &!#!l!g%$e % %maK!r%s&% na$man$e ka+l!a u !"n!su na "ruge &!#!l!g%$e % %mana$$e"n!s&an%$% ras#!re" ka+l!ana$$e"n!s&an%$% ras#!re" ka+l!a

Ne"!s&a(% &!#!l!g%$e mag%s&rale/Ne"!s&a(% &!#!l!g%$e mag%s&rale/

U slua$u #!ean$a sa!+raa$a na mre% "!la,% "! #re!#&ereen$aU slua$u #!ean$a sa!+raa$a na mre% "!la,% "! #re!#&ereen$a

U slua$u #rek%"a mag%s&rale !nem!guen $e #r%s&u# s%m raunar%maU slua$u #rek%"a mag%s&rale !nem!guen $e #r%s&u# s%m raunar%ma

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S&ar &!#!l!gS&ar &!#!l!g 2-!#!l!g%$a ,e,"e5 4 saka !rna &aka $e #!e,ana2-!#!l!g%$a ,e,"e5 4 saka !rna &aka $e #!e,ana

s!#s&en%m ka+l!m sa (en&raln%m ureGa$em 2*u+ %l% s%&(*5.s!#s&en%m ka+l!m sa (en&raln%m ureGa$em 2*u+ %l% s%&(*5.

U slua$u #rek%"a $e"n!g ka+la !nem!guen $e #r%s&u# sam!U slua$u #rek%"a $e"n!g ka+la !nem!guen $e #r%s&u# sam!raunaru na &!m ka+luraunaru na &!m ka+lu

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Pre"n!s&% &Pre"n!s&% &!#!l!g%$!#!l!g%$ee,e,"e/,e,"e/

Lak! '%,%k! '!rm%ran$e % m!"%'%k!an$e mreeLak! '%,%k! '!rm%ran$e % m!"%'%k!an$e mreeLak! "!"aan$e n!%* ra"n%* s&an%(aLak! "!"aan$e n!%* ra"n%* s&an%(a

Lak! !&kr%an$e ne%s#rane k!mun%ka(%!ne l%n%$e u mre%Lak! !&kr%an$e ne%s#rane k!mun%ka(%!ne l%n%$e u mre%

Ne m!e "!% "! ,aguen$a na mre%Ne m!e "!% "! ,aguen$a na mre%

Ne"!s&a(% &!#!l!g%$e ,e,"e/Ne"!s&a(% &!#!l!g%$e ,e,"e/

@e% &r!k!% ka+l%ran$a 2ee "u%ne ka+l!a) e% +r!$ k!nek&!ra) *u+1@e% &r!k!% ka+l%ran$a 2ee "u%ne ka+l!a) e% +r!$ k!nek&!ra) *u+1

!%!%FFs%e%.s%e%.

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R%ng &!#!l!gR%ng &!#!l!g2-!#!l!g%$a #rs&ena5 4 s% !r!% su meGus!+n! #!e,an%2-!#!l!g%$a #rs&ena5 4 s% !r!% su meGus!+n! #!e,an%

u #rs&enu #rs&en

Uglan!m se real%,u$e u k!m+%na(%$% sa &!#!l!g%$!m ,e,"e %l% mag%s&raleUglan!m se real%,u$e u k!m+%na(%$% sa &!#!l!g%$!m ,e,"e %l% mag%s&ralea #rs&en se !s&aru$e u !k%ru ra,!"ne ku&%$e.a #rs&en se !s&aru$e u !k%ru ra,!"ne ku&%$e.

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Pre"n!s&% &Pre"n!s&% &!#!l!g%$!#!l!g%$ee#rs&ena/#rs&ena/

Ce"n!s&an! !%aan$eCe"n!s&an! !%aan$eM%n%malna #!&r!n$a ka+l!aM%n%malna #!&r!n$a ka+l!a

Ne"!s&a(% &!#!l!g%$e #rs&ena/Ne"!s&a(% &!#!l!g%$e #rs&ena/

Pres&anak ra"a (ele mree usle" #res&anka ra"a $e"n!g !ra.Pres&anak ra"a (ele mree usle" #res&anka ra"a $e"n!g !ra.

-ek! "!"aan$e %l% uklan$an$e !r!a %, mree.-ek! "!"aan$e %l% uklan$an$e !r!a %, mree.

-ek! %,!l!an$e greke.-ek! %,!l!an$e greke.

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3.3 P!"ela raunarsk%* mrea 13.3 P!"ela raunarsk%* mrea 1 P! na%nu #r%s&u#a me"%$umuP! na%nu #r%s&u#a me"%$umu

-!ken #ass%ng-!ken #ass%ng 4 uglan!m $e e,an ,a &!#!l!g%$u #rs&ena 2ma"a4 uglan!m $e e,an ,a &!#!l!g%$u #rs&ena 2ma"a#!s&!$e % er,%$e ,a !s&ale &!#!l!g%$e5 % ,asn%a se na %n'!rma(%$% "a l%#!s&!$e % er,%$e ,a !s&ale &!#!l!g%$e5 % ,asn%a se na %n'!rma(%$% "a l%$e &!ken ,au,e& %l% sl!+!"an.$e &!ken ,au,e& %l% sl!+!"an.

;!ll%s%!n Sense Mul&%#le A((ess %&* ;!ll%s%!n De&e(&%!n;!ll%s%!n Sense Mul&%#le A((ess %&* ;!ll%s%!n De&e(&%!n2;SMAF;D5 42;SMAF;D5 4se ,asn%a na !sluk%an$u "a l% $e me"%$um ,a #ren!s sl!+!"an %l%se ,asn%a na !sluk%an$u "a l% $e me"%$um ,a #ren!s sl!+!"an %l%nene))u, m!gun!s& "e&ek(%$e k!l%,%$e na mre%.u, m!gun!s& "e&ek(%$e k!l%,%$e na mre%.

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3. P!"ela raunarsk%* mrea 13. P!"ela raunarsk%* mrea 1 P! ran!#ran!s&%P! ran!#ran!s&%

Peer &! #eerPeer &! #eermreemree2mree ran!#ran%* !r!a5 karak&er%e2mree ran!#ran%* !r!a5 karak&er%e %*%* "a ne"a ne

#!s&!$% s#e(%$al%,!an% raunar ,a u#ral$an$e ra"!m mree e su#!s&!$% s#e(%$al%,!an% raunar ,a u#ral$an$e ra"!m mree e sus% raunar% ran!#ran%s% raunar% ran!#ran%..

NeNe#!s&!$% a"m%n%s&ra&!r k!$% $e !"g!!ran ,a (elu mre#!s&!$% a"m%n%s&ra&!r k!$% $e !"g!!ran ,a (elu mre u 4 sak%u 4 sak%

k!r%sn%k mrek!r%sn%k mree !"ree !"reGGu$e k!$eu$e k!$ee #!"a&ke %, s!g rae #!"a&ke %, s!g raunara "el%&% saunara "el%&% sa!s&al%ma.!s&al%ma. MMrereaa ran!#ran%*ran!#ran%* raraunara m!unara m!ee sese !s&ar%&% +e,!s&ar%&% +e,%kak!g "!"a&n!g mre%kak!g "!"a&n!g mren!g !#era&%n!g s%s&eman!g !#era&%n!g s%s&ema $er $e #!"rka$er $e #!"rkaugraGena u e%nu !#era&%n%* s%s&ema.ugraGena u e%nu !#era&%n%* s%s&ema. @el%ka sla+!s& mre@el%ka sla+!s& mreaaran!#ran%* raran!#ran%* raunara $e +e,+e"n!s&unara $e +e,+e"n!s& $er s$er sak% k!r%sn%k !akeak% k!r%sn%k !ake

mremree sam ,a se+e #!s&ae sam ,a se+e #!s&al$l$a mere +e,+e"n!s&%)a mere +e,+e"n!s&%)a resurs% k!$% sea resurs% k!$% se,a$e"n%,a$e"n%k% k!r%s&e m!gu #!s&!$a&% na +%l! k!m rak% k!r%s&e m!gu #!s&!$a&% na +%l! k!m raunaruunaru&ak! "&ak! "a $ea $e&e&ek!k!!s&ar%&% (en&ral%,!anu k!n&r!lu.!s&ar%&% (en&ral%,!anu k!n&r!lu.

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Kl%$en&1sererKl%$en&1serermreemreekarak&er%ekarak&er%e %*%* #!s&!$an$e s#e(%$aln%* raunara)#!s&!$an$e s#e(%$aln%* raunara)serera) k!$% su !"g!!rn% ,a ra" mree. Kl%$en&% su raunar%serera) k!$% su !"g!!rn% ,a ra" mree. Kl%$en&% su raunar%

s#!s!+n% % ,a sam!s&alan ra"s#!s!+n% % ,a sam!s&alan ra"

.

.

Serer% su !#&%m%,!an% ,aSerer% su !#&%m%,!an% ,a !#slu%an$e!#slu%an$e,a*&ea mn!g!+r!$n%*,a*&ea mn!g!+r!$n%*kl%$ena&a %, mrekl%$ena&a %, mree) ae) a ,a"uen% su % ,a,a"uen% su % ,a +e,+e"n+e,+e"n!s&.!s&. +!g &!ga su+!g &!ga sumree ,asn!ane na serer%ma #!s&ale s&an"ar" ,a saremenemree ,asn!ane na serer%ma #!s&ale s&an"ar" ,a saremene

#!sl!ne#!sl!nemree.mree. KKl%$en&1serer mrel%$en&1serer mreee% mre% mree ran!#ran%* rae ran!#ran%* raunaraunarasese ra,l%ku$u #! !#era&%n!m s%s&emu % !s&al!m mrera,l%ku$u #! !#era&%n!m s%s&emu % !s&al!m mren!mn!ms!'&eru.s!'&eru.Har"er % '%,%Har"er % '%,%ke e,e %s&!e&n% su u !+a sluke e,e %s&!e&n% su u !+a slua$a.a$a.

Serer% !m!guSerer% !m!guaa$u k!r%aa$u k!r%een$n$e !"ree !"reGGen%* resursaen%* resursa %%usluga) #a uusluga) #a u

mremre% m!% m!e #!s&!$a&% %e #!s&!$a&% %ee2#!neka" % el%k% +r!$5 serera.2#!neka" % el%k% +r!$5 serera.

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-erm%nalske mree-erm%nalske mreese sas&!$e !" (en&raln!g raunara % &erm%nala k!$%se sas&!$e !" (en&raln!g raunara % &erm%nala k!$%n%n%su s#!s!+n% ,a sam!s&alan ra"su s#!s!+n% ,a sam!s&alan ra") !"n!sn! ,a ra") !"n!sn! ,a ra" +e, (en&raln!g+e, (en&raln!g

raunara.raunara.%! $e "!m%nan&an u #!e&n!m #er%!"u ra,!$a %n'!rma&%ke. Danas%! $e "!m%nan&an u #!e&n!m #er%!"u ra,!$a %n'!rma&%ke. Danasnek% mren% !#era&%n% s%s&em% 2na #r. 9%n"!s Serer5 !m!guaa$unek% mren% !#era&%n% s%s&em% 2na #r. 9%n"!s Serer5 !m!guaa$u&erm%nalsk% ra" u sm%slu k!r%en$a sla+%$%* P; raunara ka!&erm%nalsk% ra" u sm%slu k!r%en$a sla+%$%* P; raunara ka!

&erm%nala. Pr% !ak!m ra"u #er'!rmanse ra"ne s&an%(e 2&erm%nala5&erm%nala. Pr% !ak!m ra"u #er'!rmanse ra"ne s&an%(e 2&erm%nala5n%su !" ,naa$a) al% se na s&ran% serera m!ra$u !+e,+e"%&% a"eka&n%n%su !" ,naa$a) al% se na s&ran% serera m!ra$u !+e,+e"%&% a"eka&n%resurs% 2mem!r%$a) #r!(es!r5 k!$% m!gu !#slu%&% #!s&!$e% +r!$resurs% 2mem!r%$a) #r!(es!r5 k!$% m!gu !#slu%&% #!s&!$e% +r!$&erm%nala) $er se se !+ra"e real%,u$u na s&ran% serera.&erm%nala) $er se se !+ra"e real%,u$u na s&ran% serera.

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3.B P!"ela raunarsk%* mrea 13.B P!"ela raunarsk%* mrea 1 P!P! rs&% me"%$a ,ars&% me"%$a ,a#ren!s#ren!s

akarnaakarna %(a%(a 2U-P ka+l) k!aks%$aln% ka+l) &ele'!nske2U-P ka+l) k!aks%$aln% ka+l) &ele'!nske#ar%(e5#ar%(e5..

O#&%ka laknaO#&%ka lakna 4 mul&%m!"na % m!n!m!"na.4 mul&%m!"na % m!n!m!"na.Mi*(ol$iMi*(ol$i&i(ele$$ -l/eooh PR'+.&i(ele$$ -l/eooh PR'+.

In(#(%eni l$iIn(#(%eni l$i In((e! o,(e). In((e! o,(e).

o)ini*#ioni $eliio)ini*#ioni $elii ' i L'. ' i L'.

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3. P!"ela raunarsk%* mrea 13. P!"ela raunarsk%* mrea 1 P!P! &e*n!l!g%$% #ren!sa #!"a&aka&e*n!l!g%$% #ren!sa #!"a&aka

MreMree se saaneusmeren%m 2"%'u,n%m5 em%&!aneusmeren%m 2"%'u,n%m5 em%&!an$n$em 2em 2broadcast networ!sbroadcast networ!s55

Pake&e k!$e em%&u$e nek% raunar #r%ma$u s% raunar% u mre%.Pake&e k!$e em%&u$e nek% raunar #r%ma$u s% raunar% u mre%. Na !sn!uNa !sn!ua"rese unu&ar #ake&a raunar #re#!,na$e "a l% $e #!"a&ak namen$ena"rese unu&ar #ake&a raunar #re#!,na$e "a l% $e #!"a&ak namen$enn$emu) ak! n%$e !n"a ga ,anemaru$e.n$emu) ak! n%$e !n"a ga ,anemaru$e. Nek% s%s&em%Nek% s%s&em%#!"r#!"raa$u %aa$u %usmeraausmeraan$n$e #ake&a sam! na !"ree #ake&a sam! na !"reGGen% #!"sku# raen% #!"sku# raunara)unara) &! se&! se

#!neka"#!neka"na,%a %na,%a %esmern! em%&!aesmern! em%&!an$n$e 2e 2#ulticastin$#ulticastin$5.5.

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SSa"ra"re +r!$ne e,e %,mee +r!$ne e,e %,meGGu #!$e"%n%* #ar!a rau #!$e"%n%* #ar!a raunara. Da +% !" #!la,%unara. Da +% !" #!la,%&a&as&%ga! "! !"re"%s&%ga! "! !"re"%&a) #ake&&a) #ake&))na !!m &%#u mrena !!m &%#u mreee))m!ra "a #r!m!ra "a #r!GGe kr!,e kr!,$e"an %l%$e"an %l%%%e "rug%* rae "rug%* raunara.unara. es&! #!s&!$% %es&! #!s&!$% %e #u&ae #u&an$n$a ra,l%a ra,l%%&e "u%&e "u%ne)%ne)&ak! "a $e #r!nala&ak! "a $e #r!nalaeen$n$ee!#&%malne #u&a!#&%malne #u&an$n$e ae ana s&aka una s&aka u !%m!%m mremreamaama..Na,%a$u se % un%(as& ne&!rks.Na,%a$u se % un%(as& ne&!rks.

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3. P!"ela mrea ,a #ren!s #!"a&aka3. P!"ela mrea ,a #ren!s #!"a&aka

Mree ,a #ren!s #!"a&aka se "ele na/Mree ,a #ren!s #!"a&aka se "ele na/

Cane mree 2Pu+l%( Da&a Ne&!rks5Cane mree 2Pu+l%( Da&a Ne&!rks5Osn%a$u %* % n$%ma u#ral$a$u na(%!nalna &ela ,a u#ral$an$e mreama.Osn%a$u %* % n$%ma u#ral$a$u na(%!nalna &ela ,a u#ral$an$e mreama.

Dele se na/Dele se na/

Pa(ke& S%&(*e" Pu+l%( Da&a Ne&!rks) na #r. In&erne&Pa(ke& S%&(*e" Pu+l%( Da&a Ne&!rks) na #r. In&erne&;%r(u%& S%&(*e" Pu+l%( Da&a Ne&!rks) na #r. ISDN;%r(u%& S%&(*e" Pu+l%( Da&a Ne&!rks) na #r. ISDN

Pr%a&ne mree 2Pr%a&e Ne&!rks5Pr%a&ne mree 2Pr%a&e Ne&!rks54 Real%,u$u %* % n$%ma u#ral$a$u '%rme4 Real%,u$u %* % n$%ma u#ral$a$u '%rme% us&an!e.% us&an!e.

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3 Podela Racunarskih Mreza