2702. (A.S.J. HELBERG) (M.M.139)

April, 1955 at 6.00 p.m. in Johannesburg. Present: A.N.Co (2), T.I.C. (l), C.O.D. (3), S.A.C.P.O. (2)."

Under paragraph 3 "It was decided to make individuals responsible for various regions. They are to see that the regional committee draws up detailed plans and im-mediately begins intensive activity thereupon.

1) West Rand, ii) East Rand, iii) Johannesburg, iv) Vereeniging, v) Pretoria."

Then under paragraph 6 :-"The South African Congress of Trade Unions and the Council of Non-European Trade Unions will be asked to allow one speaker on the Congress of the People at their meetings of May 1st and May 7/8th respectively."

These Minutes, My Lords, are signed on the 19th April, 1955, 'Chairman: E.P. Moretsele." The next, My Lords, is page 19 :-

"Minutes of the Meeting of the Transvaal Committee for the Congress of the People held on Tuesday 5th April, 1955" "Present: The Executives of the Sponsoring Orga-nisations: A.N.C. (5), C.O.D, (4), T.I.C. (l), C.P.O. (1)."

The next, My Lords, are the Minutes on page 20 :-"Minutes of the Meeting of the Transvaal Provin-cial Committee for the Congress of the People held on Tuesday 29th March 1955. Present: A.N.C. (2), C.O.D. (3), T.I.C. (2) Resist Apartheid Committee (l)."

Then, My Lords, in paragraph 3, under "Secretary's

2702. (A.S.J. HELBERG) (M.M.139)

Report", there is a sub-paragraph 2, whioh states :-"The Second chapter of the lecture notes have "been distributed to all the Congress branches and to the Congress of Trade Unions,"

Then under paragraph 6, under "Regions", there is a sub- 5 paragraph 1 :

"Mr, Nkadimeng has replied that he is unable to undertake the task. Other A.N.C. members will be asked to become secretaries of a Johannesburg regional committee for the Congress of the People." 10

Then, My Lords, the next page is page 22. BY MR. JUS TIC.] KENNEDY ;

Isn't page 20 the same as B.40. Your list says it is. And it says page 22 is the same as B.38, and page 24 is the same as B.37. If it is the same, is 15 there any necessity for reading them out? BY THE PROSECUTOR :

No, My Lord. I'll have a look at that. EXAMINATION BY THE PROSECUTOR RESUMED s

Then, My Lords, page 24, I'll just read into 20 the record : "Minutes of Meeting of the Transvaal Pro-vincial Committee for the Congress of the People on Tuesday 15th March, 1955". These Minutes are the same, My Lords, as B.37, except they bear the signature "Obed Motshabi, Chairman.i; 25 BY MR. JUSTICE KENNEDY :

I d^n't think you dealt with page 22. EXAMINATION BY THE PROSECUTOR RESUMED s

Pago 22 - yes, sorry, My Lords - are the "Minutes of tho Meeting of the Transvaal Provincial

• r *tm.. Committee of the Congress of the People held on Tues-day 22nd March, 1955", and these Minutes are the same

(BELT 333) 2704. (A.S.J. HELBERG) (M.M.136)

as B.38. Then, My Lords, I turn to page 25. They are "Minutes of Meeting of th Transvaal Action Council of the Congress of the People held on 8th March, 1955, at Johannesburg." and A.N.C., C.O.D., T.I.C. and S.A.C.P.O, were present. Paragraph 6 deals with "Lecture Notes", 5 and I next move, My Lords, to page 27. "Minutes of Meeting of the Transvaal Action Counoil for the Congress of the People held on 1st March, 1955, at Johannesburg", and these minutes, My Lords, are the same as B.36. The next, My Lords, is page 30 of this folder : "Minutes of 10 Meeting of the Transvaal Provincial Committee for the Congress of the People held on 22nd February 1955 at 6 p.m. in Johannesburg." Present: A.N.C., T.I.C., C.O.D. and S.A.C.P.O. Paragraphs 2, 3, 4 and 5 states that the A.N.C., C.O.D., T.I.C. and S.A.C.P.O. made re- 15 ports as to their activities. Paragraph 13 on page 31 states that'It was agreed to issue 1,500 copies of a one page bulletin. S. to be responsible for its publication. The Bulletin is to contain report of campaign to date, and article on methods and other matters." Paragraph 20 14 states that "Lecture notes to be distributed by re-presentatives to their organisations: A.N.C. 100, T.I.C, 20, S.A.C.P.O. 20, C.O.D. 20, Pood Workers 20." And then, My Lords, there is an addendum to the Minutes on page 32. It is a "Report from the Congress of Democrats 25 representative to Provincial Committee of Congress of the People", in which it is stated that the Congress of Democrats Branches constituted themselves as Congress of the People local committees." Then the next page, My Lords, is page 34 : "Minutes of Meeting of Trans- 30 vaal Volunteer Board held at 9.45 a.m. on 25th Sep-tember, 1954, at Congress Hall." "Present: Resha, Neft,

2702. (A.S.J. HELBERG) (M.M.139)

Kathrada, and Shall. Paragraph 4 says "Resha reported that a volunteer enrolment meeting to "be held at Dube today. Resha to make arrange-ments of such meetings in Pimville, Kliptown and Eastern Native Township. It was felt that a mixed 5 team should be sent to Kliptown." •

Paragraph 5 says "Resha reported that area volunteer-in-chiefs are expected to be elected during the coming week. 6. Kathrada reported that three Indian volunteers 10 went to Klerksdorp luring the past week. ANC meeting ;o be held at Klerksdorp on Sunday. TIC meeting on Tuesday. Indian volunteers to go to Klerksdorp tomorrow. TIV volunteers to go to Beno-ni during the week. 15 7. Shall reported on meeting with National Secre-tariat of the Congress of the People. "

Page 35 is also "Minutes of Meeting of Transvaal Volun-teer Board held at 6.00 p.m. 21st September, 1954 at Congress Hall. Present: Resha, Neft, Kathrada, Shall."20 Paragraph 10 reads :

"Shall reported that he attended C.O.P. (Provincial Secretariat). One member required to attend C.O.P. (Provincial Committee). Mr. Resha appointed re-presentative on this Committee, 25 14. Krugersdorp T,I.C. Volunteer meeting held. 12 Volunteers recruited Kathrada to see to forms. 15. Kathrada reported that he twice visited Pre-toria. J mrneys not very successful. 16. Kath'^ada suggested that SACPO should organise 30 a meeting in Germiston. 18. Resha will attempt to organise enrolment

2702. (A.S.J. HELBERG) (M.M.139)

meetings in Newclare, Dube, Pimville, JGLiptown, Eastern Native Township. 20. Resha will approach ANC branches :

1. to organise area volunteer-in-chiefs and volunteer boards. 5

ii. to organise vanvass of call over the week-end of 2nd, 3rd October."

THE COURT ADJOURNS ?0R TEA. THE COURT RESUMES. EXAMINATION BY THE PROSECUTOR RESUMED : 10

My Lords, I was dealing with page 35 of this folder, the Minutes of the Meeting of the Transvaal Vo-lunteer Boarrd on the 21st September, 1954. The only portion to which I still have to refer - the last por-tion on page I ; "Minutes Confirmed 25/9/54. Secretary 15 S. Shall. Co lvenor s R. Resha." Then, My Lords, at page 37, thers are "Minutes of Meeting of Transvaal Vo-lunteer Board held on 9th September, 1954. Present: Kathrada, Shall." Paragraph 1 :-

"1. Shall reported that the enrolment meeting was 20 held in Sophiatown, and that it was found conve-nient that the local ANC Branch should arrange to have the enrolment and unit forms completed and returned to the office, 3. Kathrada reported that an enrolment meeting was 25 held in Orlando. 5. Kathrada reported that Moroka ANC have con-firmed date of enrolment meeting as Tuesday 14th September. 9. Krugersdorp Branch, TIC - Kathrada to make all 30 arrangements for enrolment meeting. 10. Agreed to hold enrolment meeting in Heidelberg

2702. (A.S.J. HELBERG) (M.M.139)

- provisional date 19th September. Germiston ANC have undertaken all arrangements, Kathrada to check with Germiston ANC„."

Then, My Lords, at page 38, portion of the same Minutes: "12. It was agreed to do the same for the follow- 5 ing branches - these meetings to be held during the week 26th September - 3rd October. All these Branches are ANC. Krugersdorp, Randfontein, Roode-poort, Natalspruit, Edenvale, Alberton, Kempton Park??, Boksburg, Benoni, Brakpan, Springs." 10

Paragraph 13 states : "The Provincial Secretariat for the Congress of the People (COP)(PS), informed the Board that they re-quire one member of the Board to attend their mee-tings. They also request a report from the Board 15 twice a month.

14. COP (PS) informed the Board that they require ten (10) volunteers to spend the weekend of 19th September in Pretoria. It was decided that two volunteers would be taken from each of the follow- 20 ing ? Moroka, Jabavu; (White City), Alexandra, Sophiatown, Western Native Township, Germiston."

The last portion of the Minutes reads : "Minutes Confirmed : 21/9/54. Secretary S. Shall. Convenor: A.M. Kathrada >" Then, My Lords, at page 39 : 25 "Minutes of Meeting of Transvaal Volunteer Board held on the 26th August, 1954" Among those present: "Convenor: Mr. R. Resha", and also Kathrada, Shall. Paragraph 1 reads

"Mr. Shall was appointed Secretary." 30 Paragraph 2 :

"It was agreed to hold an enrolment meeting in

2708. (A.S.J. HELBEJIG) (M.M.139)

r

Sophiatown on Thursday 2nd September in the hall at the c/o of Victoria and Meyer Streets. Kathra-da will roneo invitations, and Resha will arrange for the Sophiatown Youth League to deliver invita-tions personally,." 5 "3. Kathrada to make enrolment forms and Volunteer unit forms. 5. Agreed provisionally to call a meeting in Western Native Townships on Wednesday 8th Septem-

( ber. Resha to request Vundla to arrange venue and 10 delivery of invitations. "

And then, My Lords, at the bottom it states : "Minutes Confirmed: 21/9/54. Secretary S. Shall. Convenor : R. Resha." Mr. Helberg, you have already been asked to identify Mr. Kathrada? I have, My Lord. 15

Do you know an R. Resha? I know him, My Lord.

Can you identify him as being' present in Court? Yes, My Lord.

Will you do so? He is sitting behind Man- 20 dela, My Lord. (ACCUSED NO. 17 IS POINTED OUT BY THE

. , WITNESS). Do you know a person by the name of S. Shall?

I know a Sidney Shall, My lord. Was he an Accused at the Preparatory Exami- 25

nation? He was, My Lord. Do you hand in M.M.139? Yes, My Lord. My Lords, will Your Lordships delete at the

bottom of page 6 of this list that I had given to Your Lordships - there is a reference M.M.51. That should 30 not be there, if Your Lordships will just delete that. My Lords, yesterday, an exhibit A.M.K.6 was referred

2709 (A.S.J. HELBERG) (A.M.K.6 )

to and it was omitted at that stage. It was under the documents, which were alleged to have been found in the possession of A.M. Kathrada by this witness on the 27th September, 1955. That exhibit has now been traced, My Lord, and I beg leave to hand it in through this witnes Sergeant Helberg, did: you have a look at this document A.M.K.6 ? I have, My Lord.

Where did you find that? I found this in Kholvad House No. 13, 27 Market Street, occupied by A.M Kathrada, on the 27th September, 1955.

And you found it together with the other do-cuments that you testified yesterday as those found in Kathrada's possession? That is correct, My Lord.

This document, My Lords, is'An introduction to Marxism by Emil Burns, published by lawrence and Wishart, London, 1952. It is handed in for possession only, My Lords. NO FURTHER QUESTIONS. BY MR. PLEWMAI-T :

My Lords, may this witness stand down till 2.15 p.m. We have not seen any of the documents. BY MR. JUSTICE RUMPFF :

Yes. Will you be back here at 2.15 p.m.? Correct, My Lord, I will be here.

BY THE PROSECUTOR ; My Lords, I believe the Defence wants Ser-

geant Wessels back for further questioning. N. S. WESSELS. under former oath; CEQSS-EXAMINEI BY MR. PLEWMAN :

Mr. Wessels you gave evidence yesterday, having searched one Joseph Molife and taken certain

p7in (N.S. WESSELS) (1.J.M.14 & 18)

documents from him. I wonder if you will just look at these two documents, and tell me whether they are also documents taken from Joseph Molife on the search which you testified to? Yes, they are.

I.J.M.14 and I.J.M.18 My Lords. I.M.M.14, 5 My Lords, is a "booklet "Socialist Asia June 1954", which I wish to put in just to show possession. It contains articles I want to refer only to two of them « "Gold Coast Evolution", "by George Padmore, and "The Anti-Colonial Bureau Decisions." I.J.M.18, that is a letter 10 from the "Capricorn Africa Society", to J.F. Molife, dated the IstFebruary, 1955, and it deals with an enrol-ment form for joining the society and apparently out-lining the aims and objects of the Capricorn Africa Society. I wish to put that in also, to show possession 15 of that document. NO FURTHER QUESTIONS. BY THE PROSECUTOR ;

My Lords, may this witness further stand down. He has to give some evidence in connection with further 20 documents found by a Sergeant Labuschagne, in the posses-sion of Molife on some other date. Sergeant Labuschagne is not available at the moment ~o give that evidence. WITNESS N.S. WESSELS STANDS DOWN.

25

JACOBUS OOSTHUIZEN SWANEPOEL, duly sworn? EXAMINED BY THE PROSECUTOR :

My Lords, I hand in the list in connection with documents testified to by witness Swanepoel. On the 5th December, 1956, did you search certain premises and take possession of certain documents? I did, My

(J.O. SWANEPOEL)

Lord. Do you remember the premises that you search-

ed? No. 5 Kholvad House, 17 Market Street, Johannes burg.

Do you know who occupied the premises at that time? It was an Indian male with bis wife and chil-dren, and also one by the name of Moosa Moolla.

Now, this person, Moosa Moolla, was he pre-sent when you searched the documents, or not? He was, My Lord.

And the documents that you took possession of did anybody claim ownership of those documents? Moosa Moolla claimed those documents as his, My Lord.

Arc; you able to identify Moosa Moolla? Yes, My Lord,

Car you identify him in Court? (WITNESS IDENTIFIES MCOSA MOOLLA AS ACCUSED NO. 11).

Nov/, you have before you certain documents, which are marked M.M.30 - is that correct? That is correct, My Lord.

M.M.31? Yes, My Lord. M.M.32? Yes, My Lord. M.M.33 to 38? — Yes, My Lord. M.Mc 40 and 41? Yes, My Lord. And have you got M.M-51? Yes, My Lord. M.M.52? — Yes, My Lord. M.M„59? Yes, My Lord. M.M. 60 and 61 and 62? Yes, My Lord. Now, these documents that you have before

you, are those part of the documents that you found at this house on this particular day? They are, My Lord.

2712. (J.O. SWANEPOEL) (M.M.30 - 38, 40,41,51, 52,59,- 62)

My Lords, M.M.30 to 38 are all "Fighting Talk" bulletins. M.M.30 is "Fighting Talk'!, October, 1955; M.M.31 - September, 1956; M.M.32 - November, 1955; M.M.33 - March, 1956; M.M.34 - May, 1956; M.M.35 - June, 1956; M.M.36 - August, 1956; M.M.37 - October, 1956; 5 M.M.38 - November, 1956. We put in these documents for possession, and insofar as portions would be read from the documents under G.1132. Do you hand in these docu-ments? Yes, My Lord,

M.M.40 is a bulletin of the "World Council of 10 Peace", dated November 1st, 1956 - for possession only. Do you hand in this document? Yes, My Lord.

M.M.41 is "The Soviet Union and Hungary. Information Bulletin, November 17th, 1956". For posses-sion only. The same as will be dealt with under G.286. 15 The same as PJ.101. Do you hand in this document? Yes, My Lord.

Now the next, My Lords, M.M.51 to 61. Nos. M.M.51, 52, 59, 60 and 61 are "Liberations", bearing respectively the following dates : M.M.51 - 21st October, 20 1956; M.M.52 - 17th March, 1956; M.M.59 - 18th April, 1956; M.M.60 - 13th October, 1955; and M.M.61 - 14th November,, 1955. For possession and respective portions to be read in under G.1114. Do you hand in these docu-ments? Yes, My Lord. 25

My Lords, there is M.M.62, It is a Soviet News Booklet, No. 13, April, 1956 - "Britain's Guests. Nicolai Bulganin and Nikita Krutschef" It is the same, My Lords, as F.A„27, and it is handed in for possession only. 30 NO FURTHER QUESTIONS.

2713. (J.O. SWANEPOEL)

CROSS-EXAMINED BY MR. FISCHER : Did you say that the Accused you wej?e search-

ing, claimed the documents as his? That is correct, My Lord.

Inwhat way did he claim them? He said : 5 "They all "belong to me".

Why did he say that? My Lord, it was on a question asked by me - I said "Whose documents are these, who do they belong to", and he answered "Those are mine"', 10

That was after you had taken the documents? As I was collecting them.

Yov showed him your warrant? The search warrant was shown to him.

Was the warrant in respect of high treason? 15 Documents relating to a charge of high treason.

Did you arrest him that day? I did, My Lord.

Did you warn him you were going to arrest him? I did, My Lord, 20

And he claimed these documents? I gave him the usual Judges1 warning, My Lord, and he still claimed those documents.

By saying they were his? That is correct, My Lord. 25

You see, he says, he said nothing of the sort? No, that is not correct, My Lord.

Do ;y ou think he just volunteered that these were his, when you asked him whose they were? 30 BY MR. JUSTICI; RUMPFF s

I don't follow that question? CROSS-EXAMINATION BY MR. FISCHER RESUMED :

ifc.

(BELT 334) 2714. (J.O. SWANEPOEL)

When you asked them whose they were, he volun teered that they were his? He said they were his, My Lord.

Did you make a note of that Sergeant? Not at the moment, My Lord.

Did you make a note of it at any other time? No, My Lord.

It is not noted at all? No, I did not make a note of that.

Well, this is quite an important fact, isn't it? It is, yes.

It is quite correct, Sergeant, isn't it that in terms of your standing orders, you have to make a note of every important fact, haven't you? That is true, My Lord.

Can you give any reason why you didn't make a note? My Lord, it wasn't such a long statement that he made. It was a few words, that he claimed these documents "These are mine", and I did not think it nec-essary at that moment to make a note, or thereafter.

It is easier to make a note of a short state-ment than of a long statement, isn't it Sergeant? It is, but it is easier to remember,. .

This was a vital statement? It is easier to remember a short statement than a long one.

So when you can remember it, you don't carry out your standing orders? I did not carry it out at that moment. NO FURTHER QUESTIONS. NO RE-EXAMINATION BY THE PROSECUTOR. BY THE PROSECUTOR :

Only thisj My Lords, that there are not

"2115. SWANEPOEL)

any standing orders to the effect as put "by my learned friend to the witness, BY MR. PISCHER :

The witness has said so, My Lords. BY THE PROSECUTOR : 5

Yes, I know he said so, but there are not such standing orders. The next witness is Lieutenant du Preez, My Lords. BY MR. JUSTICE RUMPFP :

Well, are there such standing orders, Mr, 10 Fischer? BY MR. FISCHER :

I am instructed there are, My Lord. BY MR. JUSTICE BEKKER :

What documents is this witness handing in, 15 BY THE PROSECUTOR ;

This witness will hand in documents alleged to have been found in possession of co-conspirator D.C. Thompson, My Lords. JAN BOONZAAIER DU PREEZ, duly sworn; 20 EXAMINED BY THE PROSECUTOR :

You are a Lieutenant in the South African Police? Yes, My Lord.

And at the moment you are stationed at? At Windhoek, South West Africa. 25

Now, on the 5th of December, 1956, did you arrest the Rev. D.C. Thompson? Yes, My Lord.

On a charge of High Treason? Yes, My Lord.

And where did you arrest him? At his 30 house, No. 36 Fifth Avenue, Springs, My Lord.

And did you search his house on the authority

2716. (j.B. DU PREEZ)

of a Search Warrant? I did, My Lord. And did you seize certain documents? Yes,

My Lord. During your search, was anybody present? —

Yes, My Lord, the Accused was present, and.. „ 5 Who was the Accused? Rev. Thompson. The Rev. Thompson was present when you searched

the house? Yes, My Lord, and Constable Human. And the documents which you took possession of,

did anybody claim ownership of those documents? The 10 Rev. Thompson did, yes, My Lord. BY MR. JUSTICE RUMPgP :

Where were these documents found? In his library, My Lord.

In his library? Yes, My Lord, in his housel5 EXAMINATION BY THE PROSECUTOR RESUMED :

And you say he claimed them as being his? Yes, My Lord.

Was the Rev. Thompson at the Preparatory Exa-mination and did you identify him there? Yes, My 20 Lord.

As an Accused, at the Preparatory Examination? As an Accused person at the Preparatory Examination,

My Lord. Now, certr.in documents have been placed in 25

front of you, °nd I would like you to refer to them. First is a document marked D.C.T.I. Have you that in front of you? Yes, My Lord.

D.C.T.2? Yes, My Lord. D.C„T.4? — Yes, My Lord. 30 D.C.T.5 to 13? — Yes, My Lord. My Lords, D.C.T.10 has been omitted. D.C.T.

2717. (J.B. DU PREEZ)

5 to 9, and then D.C.T.ll to 18? Yes, My Lord. D.C.T.19 to 42? Yes, My Lord. D.C. T. 58? — Yes, My Lord. D.C.T.50 and 61? Yes, My Lord. D.C.T.64? Yes, My Lord. 5 D.C.T.66? Yes, My Lord. D.C.T.66 to 83? Yes, My Lord. D.C.T.85, have you got that? Yes, My Lord. Then D.C.T.99? Yes, My Lord. And then D.C.T.105 and 106? Yes, My Lord. 10 Then D.C.T.11Q? Yes, My Lord. D.C.T.112? Yes, My Lord. to D.C.T.116? Yes, My Lord. Then D.C»T„120? Yes, My Lord. .D.C.T.131? Yes, My Lord. 15 D.C.T.136 and 137? — Yes, My Lord. D.C.T.139? — Yes, My Lord. D.C.T.144 to D.C.T.150? — Yes, My Lord. D.C.T.152 and 153? Yes, My Lord. Then D.C.T.158 and 159? Yes, My Lord. 20 D.C.T.162 and 163? Yes, My Lord. D.C.T.169 and 170? Yes, My Lord. D.C.T.173 and 174? Yes, My Lord.

D.C.T.177? Yes, My Lord. D.C.T.179? Yes, My Lord. 25 D.C.T.182? — Yes, My Lord. D.C.T.184 and 185? — Yes, My Lord. B.C.T.187? Yes, My Lord. D.C.T.183? — Yes, My Lord. D.C.T.194? Yes, My Lord. 30 D.C.T.195? Yes, My Lord. D.C.T.200? — Yes, My Lord.

2731. (J.B. DU PREEZ) (D.C.T.110, 112,113,114)

D.C.T.201 to 203? Yes, My Lord. Then, have you got D.C.T.226 to 274? Yes,

My Lord. Then, D.C.T.277 and 278? Yes, My Lord. D.C.T.283? Yes, My Lord. 5 D.C.T.287? — Yes, My Lord. D.C.T.288 ? — Yes, My Lord. D.C.T.291? Yes, My Lord. D.C.T.296? Yes, My Lord. D.C.T.298 to 300? • — Yes, My Lord. 10 D.C.T.302 and 303? Yes, My Lord. D.C.T.305 to 307? Yes, My Lord. D.3.To 309? Yes, My Lord. D.C.T.310? Yes, My Lord. An 1 D.C.T.313? Yes, My Lord. 15 Do you hand in these documents and you state

that they were all found in the house of Rev. Thompson on this particular day? Yes, My Lord.

The first document D.C.T.I, is a "Counter Attack. Bulletin of S.A. Congress of Democrats. July, 20 1956", and under the heading "A Visitor in the House", the opening paragraph states

"THE END OF EVERY PARLIAMENTARY SESSION heralds another occasion for adding up the lengthy column of social and political debits and anti-democratic 25 liabilities inflicted on the South African people. One hardly bothers to check the assets side in this legislatory accounting sheet these days. And 1956 proves no exception to this annual mad-man's rush to political bankruptcy." 30

Then, My Lords, at page 2, under the heading "Cape Town Since Conference", I am reading two passages

2719. (J „B. DU PREEZ) D.C.T.I)

not deleted by the Crown "During the local bus boycott campaign COD aquitted itself well, swinging into action with SACPO to get the campaign established before branching off onto our own particular task of taking the issue to the White section of the population."

And then column 2 s-"CHARTER TABLES. Following Johannesburg's example we have set up Freedom Charter signature tables on three occasions and more are planned,"

Then My Lords, at page 4 of this document, the portion not deleted under the heading "Sechaba" :-"Co-operation with the other Congresses is helped by readirg their literature. 'Sechaba' is the or-gan of the Transvaal A.N.C. and gives an insight to the workings of our fraternal Congress."

Then, My Lords, at page 5, under the heading "The Same old Story", the article states

"SOME ONE ONCE CALLED the United Party the party of 'We too•, 'We too hate the....', 'We too fight the.....', 'We too believe in '. Year after year as the Nationalist machine rolls on to its desired goal, the Baaskap Police-State, the timid

\

Straus° "̂l-iqyo up la in 'don't do it that way, do it our way.... we after all have finesse1. Dr. Boris Wilson, the self styled 'liberal' of the Cith Council, and his cronies on the Native Affairs Department, have proved that they can be as like Verwoerd as Swart."

And then under the paragraph, on the same page :-"JOINT ACTION.

2731. (J.B. DU PREEZ) (D.C.T.110, 112,113,114)

Yet reaction did not have the fields to itself on this occasion. Democratically minded people in the City of Johannesburg wer quick to take up cudgels against the latest attack upon the already slender liberties of the People. An Action Committee was 5 immediately established to fight the measure. The Black Sash, the Liberal Party, the Labour Party, the Congress of Democrats and its fraternal Con-gresses, the dissentient United Party members, all joined in to fight the legislation. By the be- 10

ginning of last week the council had 'temporarily withdrawn the measure.1 Round One to Democracy? Almost, bat not quite. The bell is about to ring for Round two. What do our seconds advise? ORGANISE : 15

It's tie old, old story, ORGANISE, ORGANISE, ORGANISE We must not delude ourselves, the U.P. -Nationalists are going to come back with knuckle-dusters beneath their gloves. We have only one weapon with which to meet them, the wrath of the 20 People. Yet how are we to gain the use of this trump card? We must act quickly, area meetings must be called by the Congress of Democrats and its friehds. Prior to this an intensive canvas must be launched. Every citizen of Johannesburg must have 25 this legislation explained to him so that he may Demonstrate his opposition to the tyranny."

I leave out the last four lines of that paragraph, and then under the heading "REAL VICTORY" :-

"This can be a real victory for Progressive 30 forces if they act QUICKLY, Many of the opponents of reaction have been disheartened in the past

2731. (J.B. DU PREEZ) (D.C.T.110, 112,113,114)

because the fight against Nationalism seemed to be beyond their resources. The City Council is closer to the people than a remote Parliament. This time we can look forward to a victory not in the distant future, but right NOW. We must involve the People 5 for it is they who must learn the lessons of politi-CA1 action. No amount of Propaganda will serve as a substitute for experience. If we can win this first small victory, striking at the WEAK point of the state, we can, at the same time, begin to give 10 the lead, the only lead that is possible in South Africa, THE FREEDOM CHARTER."

Then, My Lords, at page 8, under the heading - there is a passage which deals with "The N.C.C. submits for Dis-cussion: A REPORT OF THE FREEDOM CHARTER CAMPAIGN", and 15 then the article deals with this report, and at page 9 of the document, My Lords, there is an article "Congress Round Up", and in that article there is a sub-paragraph dealing with the Anti-Pass Campaigh. It says :-

"The determination of the women to reject the passes 20 and the whole fabric of the permit system has brought the campaign against the pass laws to a new level of activity and militancy among women throughout the Union."

And there is a paragraph dealing with a meeting with 25 John Alwyn :-

"A month in gaol at Worcester and twelve and a half endless months at Roeland Street have done nothing to dampen the militant spirit of John Alwyn, Coloured peoples leader at Worcester who 30 was convicted and sentenced under the Suppression of Communism Act to 18 months imprisonment. Alwyn

2^22. ( J # B e DTJ preeZ) (D.C.T.l, 2, 4, 5)

served 13 months in prison and was released on June 26th when celebrations were being held throught the country to mark the first anniversary of the adop-tion of the Freedom Charter.

In singling out John Alwyn for its bitter attack on human rights, the Nationalist Government have chosen a freedom fighter whose spirit could not be extinguished by any prison sentence no matter how vicious or protracted. His message to us was that he would carry on the struggle with all the fight that he had in him and that he was proud to be part of the movement against Nationalist tyranny and op-pression - of which he was well qualified to speak."

And then there is a chapter dealing with "Forward to the Freedom Charter" - meetings which were being held. Do you hand in this document? Yes, My Lord. BY MR. JUSTICE RUMPFF :

They have all boen handed in according to the Witness. EXAMINATION BY THE PROSECUTOR RESUMED s

D.C.T.2 is a lecture, "A change is needed" -the same as A.86. D.C.T.4 is a "Counter Attack", of the 3rd Marcjbn̂ 1956, the same as C.1013. D.C.T.5 is a Counter Attack, Bulletin of the Congress of the People, No. 1 of 1956, and the Editorial state ; the first para-graph : -

"THE PARLIAMENTARY ILLUSION: No opening cf Parliament could be complete with-

out an 'African Mirror' short showing the Cabinet Ministers smiling gaily as they enter the Houses of Parliament. As usual the 'Mirrors' reflection is a sadly distorted one."

U&suSliim^--.

2731. (J.B. DU PREEZ) (D.C.T.110, 112,113,114)

I leave the next sentence out of that paragraph, and continue :-

"Be that as it may, for most South Africans the Session's opening means the prospect of a further vicious onslaught on civil liberties. But whereas the liberation movement can face the challenge secure in the knowledge that nothing the Nationa-lists can do can crush the indestructible will to freedom among the majority of the people, those outside the ranks of the Congress movement are con-fused and frightened. It is the duty of C.O.D. to give the European opposition to the Nats - im-prisoned by primitive race prejudices, gripped with fear for the future, frustrated by lack of success and bedevilled by opportunist leadership - a con-structive guide in the present situation. MIRACLE AROUND THE CORNER?:

In particular is it our duty to prick the dange-rous illusion, inimical to a correct perspective of political reality, that the Nationalists can be defeated in the debating chambers of Parliament -an illusion stemming from the demonstrably false idea that Parliament oan be an instrument of poli-tical chang: for a better South Africa. It is the acceptance of these concepts which give rise to the 'miracle around the corner' mentality - an attitude based on the forlorn hope that a sudden change of heart or alignment in Parliament will destroy the Nationalists It is this pathological obsession with Parliamentary forms of struggle that has placed the European opponents of fascism into a position where all they get for their

2724. (J.B. DU PREEZ) (D.C.T.5)

trouble in fighting the Nats is a sore head, an empty pocket - and crippling frustration.

The reason for this would he simple to a Man from Mars - but not so clear to those suffering from a national race mania psychosis which obscures conclusions that are emotionally disturbing. To a Man from Mars, the failure of the formal political parties to unseat the Broederbond juggernaut is simply because they insist on fighting on a battle-field where the enemy bastions command the strate-gic positions, instead of transferring the fight to a field where the enemy are weak - the extra-parlia-mentary field.

A matter of the most elementary strategy. But the U.P. and its allies are incapable of grasping the tactical principle involved, because in so doing, they will be driven to accept conclusions which undermine the policies of white trusteeship

i, so dear to tneir hearts - name an alliance with the disenfranchised masses for whom the extra-parliamentary struggle is the only available avenue of political advance,"

leave out the next two paragraphs under that heading. "C.O.P. MUST EXERT PRESSURE : <

For the time being therefore, one can completely discount the efficacy of any !politics-is-white-mans-bus:ness1 groups in stemming the Nationalist tide. This does not imply that COD must cease to exert pressure on these groups. What is implied is that it is foolish to attach too much signifi-cance to the new alignments which are appearing in the present session as these must eventually be

(BELT 335) 2725. (J.B. DU PREEZ) (D.C.T.5,6,7,8,11)

"based on principles repugnant to the Congress move-ment. Even the most 'progressive' groups in the Parliamentary camp, are still "based on the rotten, discredited ideas of white trusteeship.

We must instead concentrate our energies on "buil-ding a strong congress movement working along clear extra-parliamentary perspectives and devoted to the establishment of a democratic system where the open-ing of a Peoples Parliament will evoke happy smiles not only from the Government, but from every member of the population, Only the Congress movement can achieve this, for it is endowed both with the cor-rectness of strategy and justness of principle required to lead South Africa to freedom."

The next document, My Lords, is D.C.T.6. It is a copy of the Freedom Charter - a printed copy - the same as A.10. The next D.C.T.7. It is a Counter Attack. Spe-cial Freedom Charter issue, June, 1956. The same as C.1014. The next document is D.C.T.8. It is a roneoed document, "Duplicated and issued by S.A.C.O.D.", "The Constitution is Dead, they say, but the people have a New Constitution which can Never Die J The People's Constitution is the FREEDOM CHARTER - it was drawn up and has been endorsed by hundreds of thousands of South Africans, Come and hear about the Freedom Charter -South Africa's hope for the future." It is a meeting at the Skyline Hotel, on the 1st December. "Chairman Dr. R. Press. Speakers; Mr.P. Byleveld and Mrs. Helen Joseph. Under auspices of Hillbrow Branch S.A. Con-gress of Democrats". The next is D.C.T.9. It is a book "We are Many". It is the same as P.J.104. The next is a document D.C.T.ll, Counter Attack, New

2726 (J.B. DU PREEZ) (D.C.T.ll,12,13,15)

Series Volume 1, No. 1", dated October, 1955, On page 1, there is a chapter "Banning of Mr. Bennie Turok, Cape Western Secretary of the S.A. Congress of Demo-crate", and at page 2 there is a paragraph dealing with "Protest to Pretoria.'", organised by the Federation of 5 South African Women, to take place on the 27th October, 1955, and a photograph with the names "Mrs. Helen Joseph" under it. And page 3 of this document, there is a chapter on "Transvaal Consultative Committee", which states 10

"The Freedom Charter is a live document - the testament of the people of South Africa to be free1, states the first issue of the monthly bulletin of the Transvaal Consultative Committee. All members of the Congress of Democrats should read this docu- 15 ment and use it as a guide.

The Editorial links the slogans of the Charter to the every day work of the Congresses."

The next, My Lords, D.C.T.12, is a Counter Attack, volume 2, No. 1. It is the same as C.1010. The next docu- 20 ment is D.C.T.13. It is the delegates badge to the Con-gress of the People at Kliptown, 25th and 26th June, 1955. The next, My Lords, D.C.T.15, is a Credential Form - page 1

"We the people of........ have appointed Rev. 25 D.C. Thompson to speak for us at the Congress of the People on June 25th and 26th, 1955, Johannes-burg"

and attached to that is a letter of the 17th June, 30 1955, from the National Action Council of Congress of

the People to Rev. D.C. Thompson, Springs. It is signed "Moosa Moolla, for- National Action Council.

2731. (J.B. DU PREEZ) (D.C.T.110, 112,113,114)

Congress of the People", and the concluding sentence is: "If you are able to attend, would you please

present the enclosed card at the credentials table." D.C.T.16, is the roneoed Agenda of the Congress of the People, Kliptown. It is the same as C.M.42, and D.C.T. 5 17 is a draft resolution on the Freedom Charter - the same as P.B.15. D.C.T.18 is a roneoed document, "Mes-sages to the Congress of the People, Kliptown, Johannes-burg, 25th and 26th June, 1955". This document is the same as H.52. Then, My Lords, D.C.T.19 to D.C.T.26, 10 are "Fighting Ialkn Bulletins, bearing respectively the following dales : April, May, June, July, August, September, October and November, 1955. Then D.C.T.27 to 40, are copies of the "New Age", D.C.T.27 being a 1954 copy, bearing the date 11th November, 1954, the 15 others are all 1955 copies, bearing the dates 7th April, 14th April, gjst April, 5th May, 12th May, 19th May, 26th May, 2nd June, 9th Jane, 16th June, 23rd June, 30th June and 21st July. These documents, My Lords, will be dealt with under G.1123. The next, My Lords, 20 is D.C.T.41. It is the SASCO Bulletin "Fur Peace and Friendship", April, 1956, with a special supplement "Why is the cult of thp individual alien to the Spirit of Marxism?" attached to it, an J, My Lords, the supple-ment is the same as P.J.94. The next is a letter, 25 D.C.T.42, It is a letter from ,;South African Society for Peace and Friendship with the Soviet Union, Johan-nesburg, 29th October, 1956 :-

"Dear Douglas, We enclose herewith a copy of South Afiican Affairs, issued by the State In- 30 formation Department, A reply has been written to the article "Communism in South Africa", in

2731. (J.B. DU PREEZ) (D.C.T.110, 112,113,114)

which our Society is attacked, A reply has been drafted. See enclosed. But as you probably would want to add to it, we send you the rough draft and some blank letter-head papers. Could you pleq.se complete it and have the same typed, and either send the same to the press or hand it in personal-ly. Yours sincerely, Hymie. P.S. Wednesday, 7th you will be in the chair,"

D.C.T.58, is a bulletin that the Society for Peace and Friendshipv£th the Soviet Union, January/February, 1954. D.C.T.50, also a bulletin, S.A. Society for Peace and Friendship with the Soviet Union. Bulletin dated August 1954. My Lords, the paragraph "Bulwark of Peace" will be read in under G.685. D.C.T.61 is a similar bulletin, For Peace and Friendship, dated March/April, 1954. My Lords, it is not the same document, but C.385, pages 5 and 9 consist of this and it was read in under C.385. The next, My Lords, is L.C.T.64, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, these are all bulletins of the World Council for Peace, bearing respectively the following dates - November, 1954, January, 1956, February 1st, 1956, 15th February, 1956, 1st March, 1956, 15th March, 1956, 1st April, 1956, Supplement to the 1st April, 1956, Supplement to the 1st May, 1956, May, 1956, 15th May, 1956, Supple-ment to the 1st June, 1956, 1st June, 1956, 15th August 1956, 1st September, 1956, 15th September, 1956, 15th October, 1956, supplement to the 15th October, 1956, 15th November, 1956. My Lords, the next document is D.C.T.85. It is a "Workers' Unity", bulletin of S.A.C.T.U., volume 1, No. 4, August, 1955. The rele-vant portions have been read in under D.28(d). The

2729 ( J- B- m PKEEZ) (D.C.T.99 ,105,106,110)

next, My Lords, is D.C.T.99. It is a Press Bulletin, "The World Peace Council, 30th May, 1956". For posses-sion only, My Lords. D.C.T,105, is a Counter Attack, Bulletin of S.A.C.O.D,, November, 1954, No. 6. Page 1, column 2, there is a paragraph, "The Banning of Advance

"Statement issued by the Johannesburg Region of S.A.C.O.D.:-

1 This malicious act perpetrated by that group of frightened men in the Government, is in keeping with their many other attempts to silence the voices of the liberation movement."

And then on page 3, column 2, at the bottom, there is a paragraph "NEW AGE"

"COD BRANCHES welcome the advent of New Age, and members are urged to help this paper grow and be-come a powerful voice for a new age by selling the paper extensively and collecting widely."

D.C.T.106 is a Counter Attack, October, 1956. The same as C.1016. D.C.T.110, is a letter, undated, but with the inscription "Sent on the 17/5/1954", "The Communist Issue", tb The Editor of the Sunday Times, Johannesburg

"Dear Sir, In your last Sunday's weekly feature "Church and People' under the subject of 'The Communist iosue', I believe the Padre has over-simplied and ther^ aij ̂ represented the issue as between the Church and Communism, and consequent-ly the nature of that struggle in the East-West tension, and the developing situations within the Soviet Union and the New Democracies.

Whatever else may be said concerning the pre-sent nature of the conflict of Christianity in its present Western Pattern and Communism, to

2731. (J.B. DU PREEZ) (D.C.T.110, 112,113,114)

state categorically, that 'The Anglican Church has, however, in common with other Churches, recognised the utter incompatibility of Christianity and Communism', is to draw the line of an issue which makes confusion more confounded, 5

Are the majority of Church folk in all the Churches unambiguously clear in their attitude to Communism? It is granted ~hat many are confused, and more are afriad. Most folk, I agree, fear rather than understand the issue. 10

And this attitude is hardly a helpful and crea-tive one to adopt in a position where there should 'be 'a fruitful tension between conflicting opinions' or issues. The forces at work in the world today have the capacity to destroy mankind, or to be the 15 integrating factors in the new Society of Mankind.

The Padre's reference to the notoriety of the •Red Dean1 as having been such an embarrassment to Anglicans (not all by any means) is certainly re-gretted in some quarters. The 'Red Dean' has con- 20 sistently refused to recognise an^ Iron Curtain', a commendable virtue in a Christian man whose re-ligion knows the universal nature of the Christian Gospel. His contacts with the Churches and countries ;f the Soviet Union and the New Democra- 25 cies is of the utmost value at this time. The Deai like many another has been rightly concerned with the way the Western Church has continually sanctified the political and social status quo.

Christianity has become an ambiguous word, a 30 general term, and the carrier of such a confu-sion of maaning that it is hari to make it

2731. (J.B. DU PREEZ) (D.C.T.110, 112,113,114)

adequate to the purposes of human speech and wri-ting without a long and radical (root) redefinition.

As I see it 'the contemporary opposition between Christianity and Communism is a dialectical opposi-tion which admits of, and indeed, demands and ne- 5 cessitates, a synthesis'.

Most Christians and nearly all Communists suppose that the opposition as between Christianity and Communism is an essential one, whereas I believe it is a dialectical one. There is such an essential 10 opposition as between anything which properly might be called Christianity and Fascism, for the real objectivs of the latter is the defence of Capita-lism against the threat of a social revolution.

let us beware lest in our ardent desire to be 15 anti-comiiunist we support the Fascist trends of our time In conclusion, I would like to remind Padre, of the truth in Reinhold Niebuhr's state-ment, 'we must fight their falsehood with our truth, but at the same time fight the falsehood in our own 20 truth.' Signed. D.C. Thompson (Rev.D.C.Thompson) 36, Fifth Street, New Township, Springs, Transvaal."

The next document D.C.T.112, is handed in for posses-sion only. It is ih_ Bureau of the World Peace Council , Vienna Session, .1955: Document? adopted by the 25

closing session on January, 9th, 1955. Appeal against the preparations for Atomic War. Declaration of the Bureau of the World Peace Council, and appeal to the peoples of Europe." This is handed in for possession only, My Lords. D.C.T.113, is a document "Problems of 30 Organisation", the same as A.249. And D.C.T.114 is the "Peace Movement of the Congress of the People", the same

2731. (J.B. DU PREEZ) (D.C.T.110, 112,113,114)

as A.248. D.C.T.115, is a letter, dated the 19th Sep-tember, 1956, from the South African Society for Peace and Friendship with the Soviet Union. It is signed, "Yours fraternally, H. Barsel". It refers to a meeting:

"The times were never more favourable, nor the 5 need more pressing, to establish relations between the people of our country and the Soviet Union on a more friendly basis. For this purpose our com-mittee is planning a 'South African - Soviet Friendship Month5, comprising a number of activi- 10

f ) ties to culminate on November 7th, the 39th anni-versary of the Soviet state."

Then it gives a plan of the activities, and it has a note written in ink

"Dear Douglas, We regret having had to arrange this 15 on a Sunday but we could think of no other suitable date. This is to keep you informed, and we hope that at some later stage you will be able to serve on a 'friendship month' committee."

Th4 next document is D.C.T.116. It is a manuscript docu-20 ment written in pencil, to "The Editor !Star' - 'Daily Mail' etc. :-

"Dear Sir, In a recent article headed 'A detailed report on Oommunisir it; -cuth Africa1, in the State Information Oifice's fortnightly digest, the any- 25 nymous writer insinuated that our Society is one of the 'Communist inspired front organisations' set up tc propagate communism after the Communist Party of South Africa was dissolved in 1950.

Our Society was founded a quarter of century 30 ago for the purpose quoted in this article 'of achieving a better understanding with the Soviet

2733. (J.B. DU PREEZ) (D.C.T.116).120,125 131,132,136)

Union', which the articles goes on to praise, saying 'All these aims are of themselves praise-worthy '."

And then it is signed "Yours faithfully, Rev. D.C. Thompson, Chairman of S.A, Society for Peace and 5 Friendship with the S.U."

The next is D.C.T.120. "Counter Attack", Bulletin of S.A.C.O.D., dated the 27th August, 1956 It is the same as C.1015. The next document, My Lords, is D.C.T.125. Itis in column 2 of Schedule 4. I think, My Lords, I 10 forgot to get the witness to identify this document, D.C.T.125. Is that also a document which you took pos-session of on this occasion? Yes, My Lord.

D.C.T.125 is handed in for possession only, and it is headed "What the Nationalists are after." "A 15 Communist call to the people" and it is issued "by the Communist Party of South Africa, Cape Town. The next is D.C.T.131. It is a Lecture No. 3 "Change is needed", the same as A.86. The next is D.C.T.132, a document, handed in for possession only., Published by the Secreta- 20 riat of the World Council of Peace A document on the war in "Vietnam. BY MR. JUSTICE KENNEDY :

The witness did not identify this document. EXAMINATION B^ THE PROSECUTOR RESUMED 5 25

D.C.T.132, do you identify it? Yes, My Lord, it is one of the documents I took possession of.

It is handed in for possession only. The next document is D.C.T.136, Document "Secretariat of the World Council of Peace. Documentary Material", 30 dated the 1st March, 1955. "Introduction", and there is a heading, "Recent developments in the Formosa

2 7 ( J . B . DU PREEZ) (D.C.T.136

Question". - D.C.T.136. D.C.T.137, possession only. "Secretariat of World Peace Council, Documentary mate-rial. June, 10th, 1955. The Independence of the Peoples of Latin America and ihe Preservation of Peace," The next is D.C.T.139. It is a roneoed letter, "South African Peace Council. 25th October, 1955.", addressed to "Dear Friends", and the name typed in at the bottom is "Leon Levy for Secretariat. S.A. Peace Council." The next document is D.C.T.144. It is a bulletin "A Documenta-tion, published by the Secretariat of the World Peace Council, November, 1954. The London and Paris Agree-ments and German rearmament." For Possession ohly.

THE COURT ADJOURNS UNTIL 2.15 P.M.

2735. (B. DU PRSIJZ)

COURT R^SUM^S. (D.C.T.145)

BONZAAIER DU PRE^Z, under former oath? EXAMINATION BY MR. T'cENGOV^ CONTINUED :

My Lord, the next Exhibit is D.C.T. 145, possession only, "Secretariat of ~'orid Peace Council, 5 Documentary Material, February, 1955." The Cover pabe,

parts 2 and 3 read "The Situation Created by the NATO decision", and 3, "New Widespread Tension in the Far East". It is prepared by the World Secretariat - by the Secretariat of the World Peace Council. 10 D.C.T. 146, a similar document, "Secretariat of the World Peace Council, Documentary Material, Vienna, June 17th, 1955 . "The World's Scientists Against the Atomic Danger". D.C.T. 147 is a similar document, "Documentary Material", 15 Secretariat of the World Peace Council, September, 1955, and it deals with "Armament Problem". D.C.T. 148, My Lords, 149, 150, and 152 are Bulletins of the World Council of Peace dated respectively June 15th 1956, July 1st 1556, July 15th 1956 and august 1st 1956. 20 The next document is D.C.T. 153, which is a letter dated the 2nd of March, 19~6, from the Secretariat of the World Peace Council to the Reverend Thompson :

"We wish to inform you that the extraordinary session of the World Council of Peace convened by 25 the Bureau at its Helsinki meeting, about which our President has already sent you a letter, will be held in Stockholm from April 5-9, 1956. 7/e would be grateful if you would inform us

whether you can come, and if so, to give us the 30 details of your arrival so that we can make the best possible arrangements for your reception and accommodition."

r (B. DU PRE^Z) (D.C.T. 158)

The ruxt is D.C.T. 158, is the document "Patient Service" of the Secretariat of the World Council of Peace, documents on disarmament, May, 1956, published by the World Council of Peace, possession only. D.C.T. 159 is "Documentary Material", published by the v5 Secretariat of the World Council of Peace, December, 1955, "Problems of Age and Security". My lords, the next document is D.C.T. 162. It is a roneod document, "Preparatory Committee for a National Peace Convention" dated at Johannesburg, 4th October, 1956, and 10 it contains a press statement about plans which are being made for the holding of a National Peace Convention at » -the Ghandi Hall, Johannesburg, on the 27th and 28th October, 1956. "The following South Africans have today agreed to sponsor the Committee". Then a number of names 15 are mentioned, and the names include s Dr. G. M. Naicker, Dr. M. M. Motale, Mr. A. Leguma, Mr. Alfred Hutchinson, Rjverend D. Thompson and Dr. R. Press, Mrs. Lilian

Ngoyi, Dr. H. M. Moosa, Mr. L. Masina and Mr. G. Hurbans. It also states that the convention is sponsored by the 20 following organisations. Then a numb r of names are mentioned, which include The South African Peace Council, African National Congress, South African Congress of Trade Unions, South African Indian Congress, Transvaal Indian Congress, South African Coloured Peoples' Organisation, 25 South African Congress of Democrats. Feder&Aion of South African Women, African National Congress Women's League, African National Congress Youth Ljague, and the Transvaal Indian Congress Youth League. As stated, My Lord, other names and other organisations are also mentioned. 30 D.163, is a letter, "National Peace Convention Prepara-tory Committee" dated the 5th October, 1956, and it is

m

r

• 7" . (B. DU PREEZ) 2737. (D.C.T. 163)

signed Leon Levy, Chairman ; Preparatory Committee, and it is addressed to the Reverend D. C. Thompson, Springs.

"Enclosed please find ticket to Cape Town, insurance ticket, bedding ticket and 30/- for meal tickets and expenses. The Cape Town Peace Council has expressed 5 its delight that you are coming to open their Convention.

The themes for their Convention are the same as for $he National Convention, namely : Africa needs peace; 10 South Africa and the Middle East; Security through disarmament; 4. Closer cultural links between South Africa and the rest of the world. 5. Uranium for a happy life." 15

The next is a document D.C.T. 169. It is the Agenda for the Cape Town Peace Conference, Library, City Hall, Sep-tember - 14th October, 1956, and included in the Agenda are "Chairman introduces Reverend Thompson", "Reverend Thompson's Official Opening Address", "South Africa's 20 People need peace" by Alex La Guma, Chairman of S.A.C.P.O. And then the "National Liberatory Movement and Peace", by the Paarl Secretary and A.N.C. leader. Then "All disputes must be settled by negotiation" by Mr. 1.0. Horwitz, and "The Rev. Thompson reads a statement for 25 adoption by fe Conference. Discussion and Adoption". We hand this in. Then there is D.C.T. 170. It is a document, dealing with the Cape Town Regional Peace Convention, October 14th, 1956, National Peace Convention, Johannesburg. List 30 of Sponsors, and under "Transvaal" the names appear inter alia of the Reverend C. Thompson, Mr. L. Masina,

uu fkjsjsz; (D.C.T. 170)

Mr. Alfred Hutchinson, Dr. H. A. Moosa and Dr. Press. Under ''Natal", Dr. G. M. Naicker, Dr. N.M. Matale, and Mr. G. Hurbans. Cape Town - Mr. A. Le Guma and Mr. D. Ngotyana. And the organisations are S.A. Peace Council, African National Congress, South African Congres of Trade Unions, C. 0. D., South African Indian Congress, Transvaal Indian Congress, Transvaal Indian Youth League, South African Coloured Peoples' Organisation, African National Congress ".omen's League, African National Con-gress Youth League. D.C.T. 173 is a "Fighting Talk", October, 1956, as much as will be read in under G. 1132. D. 174, a roneod document, "Preparatory Committee for the National Peace Convention", dated the 27th August, 1956, "To All Ministers and Pastors of Religion, Churches and Peace Groups". It is addressed to "Diar Friend and Brother", and thofirst paragraph reads ;

"I solemnly say to the churches of mankind, to the leaders of religion in the United States that they are guilty of blasphemy', said Aneurin Bevan, the British Labour Leader last week in an angry denun-ciation of the church support for the hydrogen bomb.

Then the letter goes on to say what Mr. Bevan is alleged to have said, and it concludes %

"Will you help us now by agreeing to become a sponsor of the Convention",

and it is signed, "Yours on behalf of the Preparatory Committee, D. C. Thompson, Member of the World Peace Council, President of the South African Peace Council." D.C.T. 177 is a "Fighting Talk", September, 1956, and I put it in for possession and as much as will be read under G. 1132.

2739^• (B. DU PREEZ) (D.C.T. 179)

D.C.T. 179 is a letter from theSouth African Indian Congress, of the 1st October, 1956, and it is addressed to the Rev. D. C. Thompson, Springs, Transvaal, and is signed A. E. Patel, for Dr. H. M. Moosa, D.U. Mistry, Join Hon Secretaries, South African Indian Congress. 5

"The 22nd Conference of the South African Indian Congress will be held at the Gandhi Hall, Johannesburg, on the 19th, 20th and 21st of October, 1956, to consider grave issues facing the Indian people."

Then it deals with the Group Areas Proclamation in Johannes-10 burg and in thi third paragraph it continues ;

"The Conference of the South African Indian Congress will be meeting to discuss and devise ways and means, in co-operation with democratic organisations of the people, to bring a halt to the tide of fascism which 15 is sweeping our land.

We have been heartened by the unstinting support and solidarity that you have expressed in the past and therefore approach you once again to send a message of greetings to our Conference. 20

In thanking you we send j-ou the best wishes of the South African Indian Congress".

D.C.T. 182 is a "Fighting Talk", 8th August, $956. D.C.T. 184 is a pamphlet, "The K-Bomb, We Want to Live", and it is the same as exhibit E„ 165. 25 D.C.T. 185 is a report, "The Natal Peace Council", report on activities submitted to the Second Annual Conference held at Durban on May 22nd, 1955. The first two para-graphs of the report states s

"The Natal Peace Council has be in in existence for 30 just over two years, and during this period has devoted most of its activities to propaganda work.

r 274,0v-" (B. DU PREEZ)

(D.C.T. 185) This is as it should "be "because the main task of the Peace Mov ment everywhere is to educate people on the needs for constant vigilance and to rally support in every possible way for the demands of the movement. 7ith the limited forces available 5 we have fairly successfully carried out the tasks set us by the South African Peace Council, and can claim to some extent to have made the peo le of Durban "peace conscious". Not so very long ago it was a rare thing for a speaker from a political plat- 10 form to mention peace during the course of his speech, but today it is the rule rather than the exception. The realisation is growing stronger daily in the progressive movement that peace and freedom ere interdependent. 15 4. Seveial successful public meetings were held but many more could be organised if the Council was able to call on a sufficient number of speakers. Apart from ,he meetings organised by the Council, we have almost always been represented by 20 a speaker at meetings organised by the African and Indian Congresses, the 0.0,-P., certain trade unions and in some instances by social clubs. Our Council was fully represented at the inaugural conference of the South African Peace Council. Twenty-five 25 delegates who attended the Conference on behalf of our Council were impressed by the attendance at the Conference and the manner in which it was con-ducted. "

Then on page 2, paragraph 3 °> 30 "The following pamphlets and leaflets issued by the South African Peace Council werj distributed.

274tt (B. DU PREEZ) (D.C.T. 185)

at

"The Call to Peace", "Germ War", "Peace is Possible", "Protest against the Remilitarisation of Western Germany", "The H-Bomb, We Want to Live", "Peace is Within your Grasp", "Does China Exist", "Facts about German Rearmament", "Money can do a lot of 5 things", and "Peace is within your Grasp".

You hand in this document. D.C.T. 187. This is a typed document, and I read from the first paragraph %

"Peace Will Prevail. 10 The scope of the world movement for a ban on atomic

weapons is prompting reaction in the politicians to make a special effort to mislead the people as to the nature of the problem involved. Their propaganda follows two distinct lines. On the one hand it 15 consistently seeks to instil the idea that nuclear weapons have made war so dangerous that there is no pc^ible chance of it ever breaking out. On the other hand it attempts to scare the world with the impres-sion that atomic war will inevitably lead to the 20 destruction of humanity. Both lines have one object, to orient the people and thus to make it easier for imperialists to pursue their preparations for atomic war, Since the NATO Council decision to prepare for the waging of atomic war and the deci- 25 sion of the British Government to produce the H-Bomb in Britain, hardly a day passes without some prominent bourgeois politician coming out in public praise of atomic weapons as a guarantee to -as a guarantee of peace. 'The hydrogen bomb is 30 really a weapon of peace' , Eisenhower assures us. British Air Marshall Sir John Slesser asserts that

2742V-, (R. DU PREEZ) (D.C.T. 187)

the atom:_c and hydrogen "bombs have brought a measure not of dispair but of hope to the world. ..."

Then I move to the third paragraph % "The meaning and purpose of all this propaganda may be summed up as follows ; "vhy campaign for the ban-ning of atomic weapon^ for the destruction of exis-ting stocks of these weapons and for general dis-armament when the danger of war has been eliminated anyhow by the very fact that thermo-nuclear weapons are so destructive that nobody will dare to use them This is an attempt to demobilise the people, to lull them into a false sense of security and thus enable the imperialists to prepare for atomic war withart let or hinderanee."

Then I move on to paragraph 5 ' "The reactionary press harps with no less zeal on the second line of propaganda, namely that thermo-nuclear warware would bring about the destruction of mankind. The New York Daily Mirror, for instance assets that the use of the H. bomb would result in total devastation, while the New York Times, which is continually gloating over horrors of atomic war, maintains that in the event of such a war, civilisa-tion could not be saved.

Such statements are obviously designed to paralyse the movement of the reoples against employment of atomic weapons, for that movement is a hinderance to the imperialists in their criminal preparation for atomic war. The warmongers would like nothing better than to demoralise the and induce them to abandon the effort for international peace and security. The aim and purpose of all the

2743. (B. DU PRESZ) (D.C.T. 187)

predictions about the end of civilisation is to instill the defeatist belief that the hand of atomaniacs cannot be stayed. But hundreds of mil-lions have in our time reached such a level of political consciousness that nothing can break their 5

determination to frustrate the criminal designs of the proponents of atomic war.n Any attempt to un-leash another world war is bound to end deplorably for the agressor, as B.M. Molotiv said in his report to the Supreme Soviet of the U.S.S.R. 'It is 10 not worlc civilisation that will perish, howevermuch it may suffer from any such new agression, but the decadent - the decaying social system of which bloodthirsty imperialism is the core, and which is approaching the end of its day, comdemned for its 15

agressiveness, and rejected as a system based on the exploitation of the working folk and oppressed peoples, The new world war the imperialists are working to unleash would of course cause great misery to the people. Primarily in those countries where 20 large populations and big industrial and cultural centres are concentrated in small areas. The dread-ful experience of world war two is still fresh in the memory of millions, prompting them to spare no effort to avert another world war and to secure the 25 prohibition of atomic weapons and general reduction of these -armaments. The Soviet Union is confident of its strength and able to stand up for its rights. But it wants to protect the peoples of all countries from the horrors of atomic war, 30 and for that reason in line with its unswerving policy of peace, is constantly striving for the

(B. DU PRE^Z) (D.C.T. 158)

relaxation of internationa tension, prohibition of weapons of mass destruction and reduction of arma-ments. Cessation of arms drive and banning of atomic and other mass destructive weapons were urged in a recent declaration of the Supreme Soviet of the 5 U.S.S.R. The same policy is effected in the proposals submitted by the Soviet Government to the sub-commit-tee of the U.N. Disarmament Commission meeting in London. The Soviet people wholeheartedly support the Vienna appeal of the World Council, urging the 10 immediate banning of atomic weapons and ardently welcoming the decision of the Soviet Peace Committee to initiate the signature campaign in support of the appeal on April 1st."

And then there are two more paragraphs dealing with the 15 appeal. You hand in this document.

D.C.T. 188 is "South Africans for £eace", a bulletin of the Peace Council undated and it is a press statement.

"Daring the past week, Soiftth African troops have been engaged in a 'mock war1 in the Free State. 20 The public are entitled to ask what purpose has

been served by these farcical and expensive manoevres. The 'enemy' were Russians - an unfortunate choice.

If the 'war1 was supposed to prepare our troops for actual future combat, by what provocative 25 stretch of imagination can we visualise the Red Army fighting in the Free State?"

And then it refers to the explosion of a mock atomic bomb, and it concludes ;

"The South African Peace Council protests against 30 the waste of public money and wilful public deception involved in the troop practice. Let the

2745. '• //'.. (B. DU PRE3Z) (D.C.T. 188)

money be s; ent on educating the people to the true meaning of atomic warfare and in establishing trade and cultural relations with other countries of Africa and the world. Our future lies in promo-ting peace, not in preparing for war. "

You hand in this document. D.C.T. 194, is a letter dated the 23rd April, 1954, "A Personal Letter to my Brethern of All Churches and Faiths". It is signed "D.C. Thompson, President of the South African Peace Council' enclosing a leaflet "The H-Bomb - We Want to Live". At the foot of the letter on page 1, there is a paragraph, the second paragraph from the bottom J

"In this particular appeal we want you to endorse the Call to the people of South Africa in the three demands set out on page three. We appeal for your active suppoit that in all our

Churches we deal with the subject of the outlawing of the H-bomb, and emphasize the peaceful use of atomic energy for the benefit and creation of the New Society of Mankind. This, I believe, is God's will for us at all - at this time."

You hand in this document. D.C.T. 195 is a Bulletin of the South African Peace Coun-cil, "South Africans for Peace", Volume 2, No. 1, dated May, 1955, and it is the same as A.257 and JB.473* D.C.T. 200 is a document, a roneod document, "South African Peace Council", "Notice of Executive Meeting". It refers to a meeting of the 3rd September, 1956, and it is signed "Leon Levy, Secretary". Tage 2 is a similar notice, signed "Leon Levy, Secretary", on the 30th August, and page 3 is a similar notice signed "Leon Levy"

2746. 2570• (B. DU PREEZ) (D.C.T. 200)

23rd August. My Lords, we are omitting 201 and 202. D.C.T. 203, is a letter from the South African Peace Coun-cil, 13th June, 1956, addressed to "Dear Friend", and it is signed by "Leon Levy", and typed in "Rev. D.C. Thompson, Chairman of the South African Peace Council", and it deals 5 with the organisation of the National Peace Convention of September, 1956. You hand in that document. D.C.T. 277 "The Socialist Six (?) of the World", by Hew-lett Johnson, ublished by Victor Gollance. It is handed in for possession only. 10 D.C.T. 278, "Soviet Policy and its Critics" by Campbell, 1939, published by Victor Gollance. My Lord, perhaps I had better deal with them numerically. The following batch of documents, from D.C.T. 226 to D.C.T. 274 are all bulletins of the World Peace Council, 15 and they are handed in for possession only. D.C.T. 226, Bulletin of the World Peace Council, No, 8, March, 1954. D.C.T. 227, Bulletin of the World Peace Council No. 9, April, 1954. 20 D.C.T. 228, Bulletin of the World Peace Council No. 10, May 1954, No. 11, May, 1954. D.C.T. 229, Bulletin of the World Peace Council, No. 12, June 1954. D.C.T. 230, Bulletin of the World Peace Council, No. 13, 25 July 1954? No. 14, July, 1954. D.C.T. 231, Bulletin of the World Peace Council, No. 16, August, 1954 •>

D.C.T. 232, Bulletin of the World Peace Council, No. 17, September 1954. 30 D.C.T. 233, Bulletin of the World Peace Council No. 18, 15 September, 1954.

l I V ' a (B. DU PRj^Z) (D.C.T. 234)

D.G.T. 234, Bulletin of the World Peace Council, No. 19 1.10.1954. D.C.T. 235, Bulletin of the World Peace Council, No. 20 15.10.54. D.C.T. 236, Bulletin of the World Peace Council, No. 21 1.11.1954. D.C.T. 237, Bulletin of the World Peace Council, No. 22 15.11.1954. D.C.T. 238, Bulletin of the World Peace Council, No. 23/24, 15.12.1954. D.C.T. 239, Bulletin of the World Peace Council No. 1, 1.1.1956. D.C.T. 240, Bulletin of the World Peace Council, No. 3, 1.2.1956. D.C.T. 241, Bulletin of the World Peace Council, No. 4, 15.2.1956. D.C.T. 242, Bulletin of the World Peace Council, No. 5, 1.3.1956. D.C.T. 243, Bulletin of the World Peace Council, No. 6, 15.3.1956. D.C.T. 244, Bulletin of the World Peace Council, No. 7, 1.4.1956. D.C.T. 245, Bulletin of the World Peace Council, Nos. 8/9, 1.5.56. D.C.T.246, Bulletin of the /orld Peace Council, No. 1, 1.1.1955. D.C.T. 247, Bulletin of the World Peace Council, No. 2, 15.1.1955. D.C.T. 248, Bulletin of the World Peace Council, No. 3, 1.2.1955. D.C.T. 249, Bulletin of the World Peace Council, No. 4, 15.2.1955.

2745681. (B. DU PRE^Z) (D.C.T. 250)

D.C.T. 250, Bulletin of the World Feace Council, No. 5, 1.3.1955. D.C.T. 251, Bulletin of the World Feace Council, No. 7, 1.4.1955. D.C.T. 252, Bulletin of the World Feace Council, No. 8, 5 15.4.1955. D.C.T. 253, Bulletin of the World Feace Council, No. 9, 1.5.1955. D.C.T. 254, Bulletin of the World Feace Council, No. 10, 15.5.1955. 10 D.C.T. 255, Bulletin of the W-rid Feace Council, No. 11, 1.6.1955. D.C.T. 256, Bulletin of the World Feace Council, No. 12, 15.6.1955. D.C.T. 257, Bulletin of the World Feace Council, No. 13, 15 15.7.1955. D.C.T. 2 58, Bulletin of the World Feace Council, No. 14, 1.8.1955. D.C.T. 259, Bulletin of the World Feace Council, No. 15, 15.8.1955. 20 D.C.T. 260, Bulletin of the World Feace Council, No. 16, 1.9.1955. D.C.T. 261, Bulletin of the World Peace Council, No. 17, 15.9.1955. D.C.T. 262, Bulletin of the World Peace Council, No. 18, 25 1.10.1955. D.C.T. 263, Bulletin of the World Peace Council, No. 19, 15.10.1955. D.C.T. 264, Bulletin of the World P^ace Council, No. 20, 1.11.1955. 30 D.C.T. 265, Bulletin of the World Feace Council, No. 21, 15.11.1955.

(B. DU PRE^Z) (D.C.T. 158)

D.C.T. 266, Bulletin of the World Peace Council, No. 22, 1.12.1955. D.C.T. 267, Bulletin of the World Peace Council, No. 23, 15.12.1955. D.C.T. 268, Bulletin of the World Peace Council, No. 1. 5 1.4.1955. D.C.T. 269, Bulletin of the World Peace Council, No. 2, 15.4.1955. D.C.T. 270, Bulletin of the World Peace Council, No. 3, 27.4.1955. 10 D.C.T. 271, Bulletin of the World Peace Council, No. 4, 3.5.1955. D.C.T. 272, Bulletin of the World ?eace Council, No. 5, 10.5.1955. D.C.T. 273, Bulletin of the World Peace Council, No. 6, 15 25»5%1955. D.C.T. 274, Bulletin of the World Peace Council, No. 7, 10.6.1955.

This whole batch of documents, My Lord, are handed in for possession only, that is D.C.T. 226 20 to D.C.T. 274. I now continue ; D.C.T. 283, is a reprint of John Strachey's masterpiece, "The Theory and Practice of Socialism", published by Victor G-ollance. D.C.T. 287, is A. Y. Vishinshy, "The Teachings of Lenin 25 and Stalin on ;he Proletarian Revolution and the State", published by Soviet News, London, 1948. D.C.T. 288, is the'U.S.S.R. A Hundred Questions Answered", a Soviet News booklet, No. 15. D.C.T. 291, is a booklet "Visitors to Great Britain, 30 Bulganin and Kruschev", published by the Foreign Langua-ges Publishing House, Moscow, 1956.

2751.- (B. DU PR5SZ) (D.C.T. 296)

D.C.T. 296, is a booklet "The Conference of Foreign Ministers at Geneva" October-November, 1955. "Speeches by i&otov," Soviet News booklet, No. 21. D.C.T. 298, is the booklet "New Life in China", by Ruth First with a foreword by W. M. Sisulu. It is the same as P.J. 67.

The next is a booklet, "South Africans in the Soviet Union", edited and published by Ruth First, with an intro-duction by the Reverend D. C. Thompson, and it is the same as A.197 and there are six copies. D.C.T. 300, is a booklet "Life is more Joyous" by Brian Bunting, "A Report on the visit to the Soviet Union", published by SoiS.C.T.U. in 1954, eleven copies. D.C.T. 303, it is a notice of a meeting "You are invited to attend the Stalin Memorial Meeting at the Trades Hall on Sunday, March 15th, 1953" issued by the South African Society for Feace and Friendship with the Soviet Union. D.C.T. 302, "The U.S.S.R. on Guard over the Feace and Security of Nations", A. Y. Vishinsky, a report of his speech to UNO General assembly, on September 25th, 1948, published by the Soviet News.

D.C.T. 305, "A Report by Bulganin and a Speech by Kruschev on their visit to India, Burma and Afghanistan, November and December, 1955", addressed to the Supreme Soviet of the U.S.S.R. at the session in December, 1955, Soviet News Booklet, No. 1. D.C.T. 306, is the "Soviet Union on Disarmament", a message from N. A. Bulganin to Sir Anthony iSden, Soviet Government's Statement, 14th May, 1956, Soviet News Book-let No. 19. D.C.T. 307, "Suez - the Soviet View", N.A. Bulganin replies

(B. DU PRE^Z) (D.C.T. 158)

to Questions, Statemsnt by the Soviet Government on the Suez Canal Issue, Soviet News Booklet No. 2, published by Soviet News, London. D.C.T. 309 is a booklet "Stalin - A Biographical Sketch by Ivor Montagu". It is published by the Commu-nist Party of Great Britain, March, 1952. D.C.T. 310, is "The Meeting ofthe Supreme Soviet of the U.S.S.R.", February, 1955. Speeches by Bulganin and Molotov and A Declaration. Soviet News Booklet No, 5, dated February, 1955-

D.C.T. 313, a copy of the "Advance" newspaper, dated 12th March, 1953, to be read in under "Advance".

Then My Lords, there is just one matter to which I draw Your Lordship's attention and apologise for overlooking, and that is the document D.C.T. 5, a "Coun-ter Attack" Bulletin of the South African Congress of Democrats, and it is referred to in the Policy Schedule at page 89. NO FURTHER QUESTIONS. CROSS-EXAMINATION RESERVED. WITN ,SS STANDS DOWN.

ALBERTUS STEPHANUS JACOBUS HELBURG, under former oath; CROSS-EXAMINED BY MR. PLEWMAN ;

On the 3rd June, 1955, in the course of your search of the premises of Moosa Moolla, the Accused, did you take this document, M.M.127? I think you will find your note on the back? I did take it, My Lord.

That is a document, My Lord, called "Self Discipline for Volunteers" and it has already been read into the record under the number C.55. I just want to

Collection: 1956 Treason Trial Collection number: AD1812

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