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Hcrgb @iock` @rn`s

I` Q`z, Cotukrb mb ;.102

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DMNOB

0. Ndtrcmuoond;. [btcf` mb i` ùtcdcf` y bi ZN ocdgrbsc mb i` Rdnvbrsnm`m Kcinvn`d` (0>5=)?. Bmmy Mbig`mniic [cs8 I` Rdnvbrsnm`m Kcinvn`d` Crg`dnz`m` Qcr rb`s Mb

Ocdconfnbdtc=. Fnry`f G`fkc` Znii`rrcbi8 I` udnvbrsnm`m onbdtjno`2. 0>558 bi mn`gdcstnoc ò`mfnoc mb i` RF_@:. Bi Qrnfbr Ocdgrbsc Ndtbrdc7. Ics `pcrtb qub enonbrcd ì prnfbr ocdgrbsc ndtbrdc mb i` ufs`, bi fcmbic

ò`mfnoc pcr rb`s y i` udnvbrsnm`m onbdtjno`5. Fn `prbonònd sckrb bi Qrnfbr Ocdgrbsc>. Knkincgr`j`

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_n ustbm sb nf`gnd` qub o`m` vrtnob bs ud kctd y ic pubmb `prbt`r, bdtcdobs8

_n prbsncd` N tbdmr ud` R inst` p`r` rcfpbr i` mbpbdmbdon` onbdtjno` ytbodcigno` y `s prcfcvbr [ c M.

_n prbsncd` B, ud` R qub prcfcvbr [ c M, ` p`rtnr mb i` vndouiònd mb i`bdsb`dz` ocd bi snstbf` prcmuotnvc.

_n prbsncd` Q, sb jcfbdt`r i` òond mnrbot` mb i` R. _n prbsncd` @, jcrtìbobr i` bjnonbdon` ndtbrd` mb i` R.

Qbrc bi ùtcr prbjnbrb prbsncd`r [ (c M), i` rbiònd j`tì. Bstc, g`r`dtnz`r, mnob,jcrf`r prcjbsncdìbs knbd ndjcrf`mcs (idb` B-@-[), ocd ocdonbdon` ortno` y orb`tnv`

(idb` N-[), y ocd sbdtnfnbdtc mb Inkbrònd Dòncdì (idb` B -[).

Mb f`dbr` p`rìbi`, prcpcdb, e`kr qub mbtbrfnd`r bi fbro`mc prcjbsncdì y mbtr`k`hc< prbp`r`r ` ics mcobdtbs< mbs`rrcii`r i` tbodcicg` bmuo`tnv`< i` bvìuònd,bi `hustb y pbrjbooncd`fnbdtc mb ics ocdtbdnmcs ourrnoui`rbs< bi pi`db`fnbdtc mb i`ndvbstngònd, bto..

Mcd Bmmy òi`r` qub8 I`s rb`s mb ocdconfnbdtcmbpbdmbd mb ics rbqubrnfnbdtcsmbi p`s, y dc mb i` nfpcrt`don` mb i`s mnsonpind`s \ùdqubV sn knbd i`s rb`s bstdmbtbrfnd`m`s udnvbrsìfbdtb (i` tbodcigno`, i` sconì, i` mb i` sìum y i` mb i`sonbdon`s pur`s), ocdou`s`d t`dtc ocd i`s mnsonpind`s ocfc ocd ics rbqubrnfnbdtcsdòncdìbs y rbgncdìbs, pbrc, e`kr qub prncrnz`r.

Bi tr`k`hcsbrfuitnsonpind`rnc, y bi mnsbc ourrnoui`r pcr rb`s ic jònint`, pubs bdsu ndtbrncr bstd y` ocdobdtr`m`s \mbsmb eòb tnbfpcV v`rn`s o`rrbr`sbstrboe`fbdtb vndoui`m`s.

Bsc sbr` hug`r ` B[B(c M), bxpino` Mcd Bmmy, pubs [ c M, rbsufbd tcm`s i`sctr`s rbiòncdbs bdtrb i` sconbm`m y i` udnvbrsnm`m y qub pcr ic t`dtc, g`r`dtnz`rjcrf`r prcjbsncdìbs NO_8 Ndjcrf`mcs, ocd Ocdonbdon` ortno` y orb`tnv` y ocd_bdtnfnbdtc mb Inkbrònd Dòncdì.

OR@M[C = BI MBI FCMBIC @O@MFNOC QC[ [B@_

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Dct`. [ 6 [biòncdbs mcobdtb - ìufdc - fbmnc sconì

Qbrft`dfb ècr` bxprbs`r fn pudtc mb vnst`, ocfprcfbtnmc ocd bi v`nvdò`mfnoc mb bst` ebrfcs` pco` ourrnoui`r.

Rd `dinsns sconcignoc mb B[B.Bdtbdmbfcs qub8

Bi fcmbic tnbdb trbs judoncdbs y ud` `mfndnstrònd (N, B, Q, @), qub sb

òcfcm`d ì sbdtnmc mb [ (c M). Bi trndguic mnkuh`mc, ndoiuyb i` òond mbi fbro`mc prcjbsncdì, bi mb tr`k`hc

y bi fbmnc sconì. Bi judoncd`fnbdtc mbi fcmbic icgr`r prcmuotcs qub iufkr`rd ics prcobscs

mb bdsb`dz`-`prbdmnz`hb bd i` R. Qcr su i`mc ics ndsufcs (ics/`s bstumn`dtbs), sb crmbd`rd pcr rb`s

ò`mfno`s. Mb f`dbr` p`rìbi` y ocd bi nmdtnoc jnd, p`rìbi`fbdtb, sb mbtbrfnd`r bi

fbro`mc prcjbsncdì y mb tr`k`hc< sb prbp`r`r ` ics mcobdtbs< sbmbs`rrcii`r i` tbodcicg` bmuo`tnv`< i` bvìuònd, bi `hustb ypbrjbooncd`fnbdtc mb ics ocdtbdnmcs ourrnoui`rbs< y bi pi`db`fnbdtc mb i`ndvbstngònd, bto.

Pubm`dmc `s g`r`dtnz`m`, i` jcrfònd mb ud prcjbsncdì tnpc NO_ - UU?.

I` ocs` bs, scstbdbfcs dcsctrcs, qub bi fbro`mc prcjbsncdì y bi mb tr`k`hc, dcscd o`tbgcr`s - chntc- sndc jbdfbdcs qub sb pubmbd fbmnr ` tr`vs mb i` mnvnsndsconì mbi tr`k`hc. Qcr bsc [ (i`s rbiòncdbs udnvbrsnm`m - fbmnc sconì) sbocdjudmbd ocd M. Bdtbdmnmc bstc, ic qub sb ib ibs orntno` ` `fkcs fbro`mcs, bs bimb couit`r i`s rbiòncdbs sconìbs mb prcmuoond. Bd bjbotc, d`mnb tr`k`h` ì `nrb sndc

?Ndjcrf`mc, ocdsonbdtb y sbdtnfbdtì, `ptc p`r` bi sngic UU.

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p`r` bi qub ib p`g`. Qcr ic t`dtc, y pcr i`s fnsf`s r`zcdbs, bi fbmnc sconì,t`fpcoc bs ud` o`tbgcr`.

@ecr` knbd, scd hust`fbdtb bstcs jbdfbdcs (ics fbro`mcsy bi fbmnc), ics qubsb ndtrcmuobd, mb ud` u ctr` `f`dbr` bd i` R, mn`rn`fbdtb. ]cfbfcs bi bhbfpic mb

ud(`) mcobdtb qub p`s` su oi`sb ocd mbsbdvcitur` y s`knmur`. Ocd su f`dbr` mbòtu`r y mb pbds`r bd bi ùi` bxprbs` su protno` prcjbsncdì mcobdtb (subxpbrnbdon` ocd tcmcs ics fbro`mcs y fbmncs qub i` rcmb`d). Bd bjbotc, ou`dmcbxpino` ud` tbcr`, ud ftcmc, ud bxpbrnfbdtc, bto. bxpcdb, ì fnsfc tnbfpc, ofccksbrv` y rbsubivb su rbiònd ocd biics. Ic fnsfc suobmb ocd ics(`s) bstumn`dtbs ysus protno`s bstumn`dtnibs. Qcr bhbfpic, mb tcm`s `qubii`s òtnvnm`mbs - iont`s bniont`s - mbstnd`m`s ` `prck`r, ` ocfc mb iug`r, i`s `sngd`tur`s. Bs mbonr, scdprotno`s qub bxprbs`d i` f`dbr` sconì qub tnbdbd udcs y ctrcs, mb rbiòncd`rsbocd i` sconbm`m y ocd i` d`turìbz`. Dc scd pubs fbro`mcs c fbmncs ics qubòt`d ì ndtbrncr mbi ourrouiuf mb o`m` o`rrbr` y jòuit`m sndc nmbcicg`s (Iuoec@itussbr) qub, mb f`dbr` onbg`, i` udnvbrsnm`m ics `vì` ocfc sconìfbdtb

ocrrbotcs.

Dubstrc pudtc mb vnst`8 B[B (c M), mbsmb i` psnocicg` bmuo`tnv`.

Dcs ìbgr`fcs qub bi Fcmbic @o`mfnoc pcr rb`s ocdmbdb i` bdsb`dz`tr`mnoncdì k`s`m` bd i` tr`dsfnsnd mb ocdconfnbdtcs. Q`r` bi ùtcr i` fnsf`gbdbr` ud` bdsb`dz` - `prbdmnz`hb rutnd`rn` y rbpbtntnv`, ì dc ocdt`r ocd i`p`rtnonpònd òtnv` mb ics ìufdcs. Ic ocrrbotc sbr`, mnob, pbrfntnribs bi `dinsns mbics eboecs, i`s onroudst`don`s y jòtcrbs, ` p`rtnr mbi mbs`rrciic mb tr`k`hcs mbndvbstngònd. ^ p`r` bstc dc sb dbobsnt` o`fkn`r i` bstruotur` ourrnoui`r sndcjcrf`r mcobdtbs. @i bjbotc, prcpcdb, sb pcmr` `mcpt`r bi fcmbic mb i` bsoubi`òtnv`qub pbrfntnr` sò`r mbi `tcii`mbrc ì ìufdc, prcpcroncddmcib bstfuics yocrrngnbdmc rbspubst`s.

Zb`fcs bi `sudtc. Bd i` òtuìnm`m, i` gr`d f`ycr` mb ics mcobdtbs udnvbrsnt`rncsy` tnbdbd ud mnpicf`mc bd bmuoònd supbrncr (` vbobs fs qub bsc), pbrc nguì dcp`s` d`r`dh`s. Bd bsb bdtbdmnmc y ocfc bst`fcs e`ki`dmc mb `prbdmnz`hb,pbds`fcs qub bi prckibf` p`s` pcr i` bxnstbdon` (c dc) mb `mbou`mcs ckhbtcs -prckibf`=, ocd ics ouìbs i` ocfudnm`m pcmr` ndtbròtu`r ourrnoui`rfbdtb.Ecy dc e`y tìbs y mb su ùsbdon` dc tnbdbd i` ouip` ics(`s) mcobdtbs, sndc i`ndstntuond. @ dubstrc bdtbdmbr, bi Fcmbic pcr rb`s mb Ocdconfnbdtc, dc prcpcdbckhbtcs prckibf`, ocdtbxtuìnz`mcs. _n ìgudc mb bstcs `sudtcs ndgrbs`sb bd i`sùi`s, pcr bhbfpic mb i` RF_@, bdtcdobs e`kr` ndvbstngònd, `prbdmnz`hb yprcmuoond mb ocdconfnbdtcs, hust`fbdtb p`r` qub ics(`s) kcinvn`dcs(`s) `prbdm`d` rbscivbr sus prckibf`s. Bd bst`s onroudst`don`s, qu tbdmr` qub gun`r y ocrrbgnrbi mcobdtb, qub, ocfc tcmcs(`s) dcsctrcs(`s), s`kb pcoc sckrb bi tbf`3

Dubstrc pudtc mb vnst` sckrb i` Bsoubi` @otnv`

Bi Fcmbic @o`mfnoc pcr rb`s prcpcdb i` Bsoubi` @otnv`, qub icgr`r` i`p`rtnonpònd i`kcrncs` mb ics(`s) bstumn`dtbs. [bocrmbfcs qub i` ont`m` bsoubi` bs

=

Qcr bhbfpic i` O`rrbtbr` pcr bi ]npdns, i` vbdt` mb dubstrcs rbourscs d`turìbs, i` tbodcicg` qubsb utninz`r bd i` j`krnoònd mb urb`, i` `mfndnstrònd mb i`s bfprbs`s qub bxpcrt`d bi g`skcinvn`dc ` Kr`sni c @rgbdtnd`,bto.

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ud` gbdnì prcpubst` bmuo`tnv` mbi pr`gf`tnsfc, pbrc qub dc kuso` i`p`rtnonpònd òtnv` mb ics ìufdcs, sndc jcrf`r pbrscd`s ocd pbds`fnbdtcgbdundc, prcmuotc mb ud` sntuònd prckibftno` rbì(Hced Mbwby). Qcr ic t`dtc, i`bsoubi` òtnv`, fs qub ud` fbtcmcicg`, bs ud` f`dbr` mb ocdobknr i`bmuoònd8 @hust`rsb ` ics prckibf`s rbìbs qub i` pbrscd` snbdtb, prbp`rdmci`

p`r` qub ndvbdtb enptbsns, pnbdsb bd sus ocdsboubdon`s y i`s prubkb bd i` protno`rbì.

Dubstrc pudtc mb vnst` sckrb i` `mfndnstrònd mbi fcmbic.

Bstnfc qub, bd bs bstb `spbotc, bi ùtcr mbi Fcmbic bs ocdtr`mnotcrnc8 Ofcpcmr`d i`s rb`s mb ocdconfnbdtc bst`r mbtbrfnd`m`s udnvbrsìfbdtb y ì fnsfctnbfpc mbpbdmbr mb ics rbqubrnfnbdtcs mb ud p`s3

@oi`rbfcs bstb `sudtc. Q`r` @rnsttbibs bi ìf` tnbdb trbsjòuit`mbs8 Znvnr, sbdtnr y r`zcd`r. Fs t`rmb, ics

psnoicgcs bfprnocs, òcrm`rcd qub sb tr`t`k`, fsknbd, mb trbs jcrf`s mb `m`ptònd mbi crg`dnsfceuf`dc ì fbmnc8 I` psnocfctrnz, i` `jbotnv` y iòcgdntnv`. I` psnocicg` bmuo`tnv` bfprno`,`prcvboe`dmc i`s oi`snjnoòncdbs bxnstbdtbs mb i`sonbdon`s (kncigno`s, sconìbs y d`turìbs), i`s `sufnocfc `dicg`s ` i`s rb`s mb ocdconfnbdtc, i`s qubiubgc i`s tr`dsjcrf`rcd bd prcgr`f`s ò`mfnocs(bstfuics), p`r` i` jcrfònd prcjbsncdì.

Bs`s scd i`s rb`s8 Rd ndstrufbdtc qub crmbd` ics bstfuics bd ud bsqubf``mfndnstr`tnvc. Bs ud ndtbdtc pcr `m`pt`r ` i` udnvbrsnm`m, ` ud prcybotc mb`mfndnstrònd, k`s`mc bd ud` oi`snjnoònd mb i`s onbdon`s.

Qbrc `mbfs o`kb ndjcrf`r, qub y` bd 0.>70 i` RF_@ bstuvc scfbtnm` ` sbfbh`dtbprbsnd, p`r` `m`pt`ri` ` i`s dbobsnm`mbs bst`tìbs mbi tnr`dc K`dzbr. Bd bjbotc, icsgcknbrdcs mnot`tcrnìbs mb Kcinvn` y Kr`sni ocndonmnbrcd bd bsb bdtcdobs, bd ocdtr`t`r` [umcipe Q. @tocd p`r` i` rbjcrf` udnvbrsnt`rn` bd Kcinvn`, ud` pbrscd` qub yè`k` mbfcstr`mc sus ouìnm`mbs ò`mfno`s bd i` rbjcrf` mb i`s udnvbrsnm`mbskr`snibr`s. Q`r` [umcipe, i` ocs` br` ibv`dt`r sckrb i`s rb`s mb ocdconfnbdtc,

trbs rb`s `mfndnstr`tnv`s8 Euf`dnm`mbs, onbdon`s kncigno`s y onbdon`s bxòt`s

2

.Qcr bsc bi Fcmbic pcr rb`s mb Ocdconfnbdtc dc dbobsnt` mb mn`gdstnocs y ibk`st` sbì`r ics rbjbrbdtbs mbi fcmbic, qub `sbgur`rd i` ndtbgrnm`m mbi snstbf`.Qcr bdmb, [ (c M), o`rbob mb tcm` nfpcrt`don` rbì y ics rbjbrbdtbs mbi fcmbic8Kcinvn`, inkbrònd dòncdì, bto., snfpibs pì`kr`s. (Zbr Ou`mrc 2).

OR@M[C 2. BI ZB[M@MB[C FCMBIC @O@MFNOC QC[ [B@_

2Qcr bsc, e`st` ècr`, sb e`ki` mbi rb` mb onbdon`s mb i` sìum.

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=. FN[^@F G@FKC@ ZNII@[[CBI ^ _R8RDNZB[_NM@M ONBD]JNO@:

Mc` Fnry`f G`fkc` bfpnbz` `s8 Bi ZN Ocdgrbsc prcpcdb i` ocdstruoond mb ud`R qub prcmuzo` onbdon`, utninz`dmc i` tbcr`, i` protno` y i` rbjibxnd ortno`, pubsd`m` mb bstc e` eboec e`st` ècr`. Ocfc ic prnfbrc bs ic prnfbrc, prcpcdbbfpbz`r ocd mcs mn`gdstnocs, udc ndstntuoncdì y ctrc rbgncdì, p`r` prcpcdbrìtbrd`tnv`s mb sciuond ` ics prckibf`s pcpui`rbs dòncdìbs.

Q`r` i` ùtcr`, i` R bs p`rtb mb i`s rbiòncdbs sconìbs mb prcmuoond mb ud`jcrfònd bocdfnoc-sconì ii`f`m` Kcinvn`. Qcr ocdsngunbdtb i` Rdnvbrsnm`mKcinvn`d`8

Bs p`rtb mb bst` sconbm`m o`pntìnst` y sb coup` mb i` rbprcmuoond mb susrbiòncdbs sconìbs mb prcmuoond.

Bst` rbprcmuoond bs tctì. @k`ro` i` jubrz` mb tr`k`hc, ics fbmncs mbprcmuoond y i` rbprcmuoond f`tbrnì7< jubrz`s prcmuotnv`s, rbiòncdbs mbprcmuoond snd civnm`r i` rbprcmuoond bspnrntuì.

Q`rtnonp` bd i` rbprcmuoond mb i` tctìnm`m mbi prcobsc sconì. Bd bstb prcobsc sb m`d i`s iuoe`s sconìbs pcr i` ebgbfcd`.

Mbsmb bstb pudtc mb vnst` - bi mb i` rbprcmuoond - i` vnm` udnvbrsnt`rn` tnbdb ud`rbìnm`m ndtbrd` (i` ocdonbdon` mb i` ocfudnm`m udnvbrsnt`rn`) y ctr` bxtbrd` i`mnrboond sconì qub i` sconbm`m ib `sngd` ` i` R. Qubs knbd, e`y ud mbsj`sb bdtrb`fk`s8 Bdtrb i`s ocdmnoncdbs sconìbs y i`s rbprbsbdtòncdbs qub i`s ibgntnf`d.Bdtrb i`s ndtbdoncdbs y i` protno` udnvbrsnt`rn` ocdorbt`. Mb ò sb mbmuob qub i` Rdc bs \`dV dn ndstrufbdtc mbi pcmbr dn `gbdtb mb tr`dsjcrfònd.

:

Bstb fcmbic bst prbsbdt`mc bd bi tbxtc K`sbs bpnstbfcigno`s, tbrno`s y fbtcmcigno`s mbiDF@, bsorntc pcr i` Inobdon`m` Fnry`f G`fkc` Znii`rrcbi bd 0>57.7Qrcmuoond, ocdsufc, mnstrnkuond b ndtbro`fknc mb fbro`do`s.

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OR@M[C :. I@_ MN_CON@ONCDB_ BD][B BI @MBD][C^ BI @JRB[@ MB I@ RDNZB[_NM@M

Zb`fcs bstc bd mbtìib. Bi o`pntì, mnob i` ùtcr`, ì rbprcmuonr bi fvni (qub orb` ysb `prcpn` mb i` piusvì`), rbprcmuob ics `dt`gcdnsfcs prcpncs mb i`s fnsf`srbiòncdbs sconìbs mb prcmuoond qub ibs f`dtnbdbd5. Bst` i` r`zd p`r` qub i`

protno` udnvbrsnt`rn`, ì f`tbrnìnz`rsb bd i`s rbiòncdbs sconìbs vngbdtbs, qubmbpci`rnz`m` bdtrb `fkcs ndtbrbsbs. Bs mbonr, qub rbprcmuob ndtbrbsbs ocdtr`pubstcs8Jcrtìbob ` udc fbmn`mc pcr bi ctrc. Q`rtnonp` mb ics fbo`dnsfcs mb bxpictònd,pbrc t`fknd m` rbspubst` ` i`s dbobsnm`mbs mb i` oi`sb tr`k`h`mcr`.

Qcr bdmb, vìmr` i` pbd` s`kbr bd qu fbmnm`, i` udnvbrsnm`m snrvb ì o`pntì(jcrf`dmc tbodor`t`s) c ì tr`k`hc (jcrf`dmc prcjbsncdìbs ocd ocdonbdon` sconìp`r` i` prcmuoond onbdtjno`). _n ic supnsbfcs, pcmr`fcs gbdbr`r prcobscsbmuo`tnvcs qub `yumbd ` tcf`r ocdonbdon` mb ics o`fkncs bd i` prcmuoond ct`fknd, sn `s sb ic mbonmb, p`r` oci`kcr`r ` rbprcmuonr bi st`tu quc.Bd ouìqunbro`sc i`s rbiòncdbs sconìbs mb prcmuoond scd i` jubdtb p`r` i` gbdbrònd c i`

rbprcmuoond onbdtjno`.

Rd tì mn`gdstnoc, ocdtndu` Mc` Fyrn`f, mbsoukrnr` ics pudtcs oi`vb mbi tr`k`hcmb i` R< pbrfntnr` rbocdmuonr sus prcobscs mb bdsb`dz` `prbdmnz`hb< y, pcr itnfc,icgr`r` qub i`s dbobsnm`mbs mb i` rbìnm`m sconì ocrrbspcdm`d ocd su protno`ndstntuoncdì.

Bd jnd, ocdoiuyb, sn sb cpt` pcr ud` udnvbrsnm`m onbdtjno`, sb pcmr` gbdbr`r ocdtrèbgbfcd`. Bd bsb o`sc, sus dubvcs ckhbtnvcs sbr`d8

Mbs`rrcii`r onbdon` y todno`, mbsmb i` rbìnm`m ckhbtnv`.

5I`s ocdmnoncdbs mb bxpictònd rbprcmuobd sus sustbdtcs hurmnocs

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\Iibv`r `mbi`dtbV ud prcobsc mb pbrf`dbdtb mnsousnd y `dinsns mb icsprckibf`s sconìbs \V

Rdnr i` R ì pubkic tr`k`h`mcr, p`r` bdocdtr`r bd i, i`s rbspubst`s ` i`sdbobsnm`mbs ksno`s mb i` dònd \y `sV prcmuonr onbdon` y tbodcicg`,ndstrufbdtc p`r` ndorbfbdt`r bi pcmbr pcpui`r.

_ntu`r ì prcobsc ò`mfnoc, bd bi ocdconfnbdtc-òond mb ics prckibf`socdorbtcs mb i` rbìnm`m. @s sb pcmr`d ocdstrunr fcmbics \mbVtr`dsjcrfònd \V mb i` sconbm`m.

OR@M[C 7. F@DB[@_ MB GBDB[@[ OCD][@EBGBFCD@ BD I@RDNZB[_NM@M KCINZN@D@

Dubstrc pudtc mb vnst`8 Rdnvbrsnm`m rbì c udnvbrsnm`m vciudt`rnst`3

Pubm`fcs bdtbr`mcs qub i` R pbrtbdbob y p`rtnonp` mb i` rbprcmuoond gickì mbi

prcobsc sconì o`pntìnst` kcinvn`dc, ì ouì qunbrb o`fkn`r. Knbd. _upcdg`fcs qubi` ocs` bst p`s`dmc. Mb ndfbmn`tc i` dubv` udnvbrsnm`m onbdtjno` y `dtbs mb mbonrz`s oecintc(`)!, y` e`kr ndocrpcr`mc ` ics(`s) dubvcs bstumn`dtbs ` i` iuoe` ocdtrì` rbprcmuoond gickì mbi prcobsc sconì o`pntìnst` kcinvn`dc. I` nmb` dc sbròubstncd`m`, pcr ics(`s) bstumn`dtbs dn pcr sn ò`sc, pubs supcdbd qub susmcobdtbs s`kbd ic qub eòbd. Qcr ic t`dtc oci`kcr`rd bd bi icgrc mb i prcfbtnmìnkbrònd dòncdì p`r` `s pcmbr ocdsbgunr su `dsn`mc ttuic. _ic e`kr` qubbspbr`r ìgudcs `cs.

@ecr` knbd, p`r` bstc sbr` dbobs`rnc ocdt`r ocd bi mn`gdstnoc mb i` sconbm`mo`pntìnst` kcinvn`d`. Bs i` dno` v` p`r` qub i`s dbobsnm`mbs protno`s sb pubm`d

ocdvbrtnr bd dbobsnm`mbs tbrno`s. _n sb tnbdb obrtnmufkrb bd tì bx`fbd, dc e`kr`prckibf` y i` R sb ocdvbrtnr bd ud `rf` bspnrntuì,k`st`dmc ud rbifp`gc mb su

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pbds`fnbdtc p`r` icgr`r su bf`donpònd (F`rx).Bst` bs i` oi`vb8 Bi pbds`fnbdtc mbi` R pcmr rbìnz`rsb snbfprb y ou`dmc i` rbìnm`m tnbdm` eòn` bsb pbds`fnbdtc. Mbic ocdtr`rnc sbr` vciudt`rnsfc c sb bst`r` pbrpbtr`dmc ocicdnìnsfc bd bi pbcr mb icso`scs.

Bi piuf`hb mb ics(`s) dubvcs bstumn`dtbs mb i` udnvbrsnm`m onbdtjno`

Qbrc suobmb qub ics(`s) bstumn`dtbs qub bdtr`d ` i` R scd p`h`rniics y p`h`rròcs,rcmb`mcs mb dubv`s ocdmnoncdbs mb bxnstbdon`, mnstndt`s ` i`s qub prbvn`fbdtb tbd`docd sus p`mrbs< ud` bspnrntuìnm`m, fs knbd ìgc ibh`d` mb i` rbìnm`m< jcrf`mcs bdud` bmuoònd ndmnvnmuìnst`< y, fuoe`s vbobs, o`rg`dmc ìgd gr`mc mbmnsornfndònd. _cd i`s tr`mnoncdìbs ou`trc jcrf`s mb ìndbònd qub tcmcs(`s) ebfcsscpcrt`mc bd su cpcrtudnm`m. Qbrc scd t`fknd i`s qub dcs m`d ud` nmbdtnm`m sconì bndmnvnmuì. Qbrft`dfb prbgudt`r8 O`pt`r i` dubv` udnvbrsnm`m onbdtjno` tcmcbibspibdmcr mb bstb piuf`hb dubvc3

@prbdmnz`hb c indbònd3

E`y ìgc mb prbpctbdon` bd bst` udnvbrsnm`mì `kuz`r mb i` ndgbdunm`m bstumn`dtni.Qbrc sn dcs òcrm`fcs, ic fnsfc dcs courrn ` dcsctrcs(`s), ou`dmc r`fcs hvbdbs.Qbrc dc sic dctk`fcs i` ouoeujibt` sndc qub, `mbfs, dcs crg`dnzk`fcs p`r`rbsnstnri`. Bd bstb o`sc sbr` ic fnsfc. Q`r` sìv`rsb, ics(`s) bstumn`dtbs pbds`r`d bdi` fcmnjnoònd mb ud` u ctr` dcrf` c bst`tutc. Bst` ocdst`tònd fb pbrfntb òi`r`rctrc tbf`. I` ocdstruoond mb ouìqunbr ndstntuond mbfcortno` bs ud prcobsc qub,ndnonìfbdtb, bs rbsnstnmc. E`kr qub icgr`r qub i` ocfudnm`m udnvbrsnt`rn` sb `prcpnbmb i` fnsf` y qub ocdsnbdt` ud onbrtc gr`mc mb ìnbdònd p`s`hbr` y dbobs`rn`.

^ sn bi kicqub enstrnoc bd ornsns dc sb eudmb3

I` nmb` bs qub i` `pinoònd mbi fcmbic, ib pbrfnt` ` i` R`pcrt`r ocd sus prcjbsncdìbs ` i` supbrònd mbi Bst`mc8@rrch`r ì `knsfc i` ornsns crgdno`mbi òtuì kicqub enstrnoc.Mb suobmbr `s, bst`r`fcs jrbdtb ` ud` pcmbrcsùdnvbrsnm`m, mbonmnm` ` j`vcrbobr, ocdsonbdtbfbdtb, udmbtbrfnd`mc prcybotc mb oi`sb. Qbrc, y sn bi kicqub enstrnocbd ornsns, dc sb o`b y fs knbd, sb rbocdstntuyb3 Bd bsb o`sc,mdmb nrd ` tr`k`h`r ics dubvcs prcjbsncdìbs3 Bi

ocdsnmbr`r bstcs bibfbdtcs, tcrd`d fs mbino`mcs ics`dinsns.

2. 0>558 BI MN@GDC_]NOC @O@MFNOC MB I@ RF_@

Bd 0.>55, bi fcfbdtc mb i` vbrm`m e`k` iibg`mc. I` ocfudnm`m bstumncs` mb _`d@dmrs, prbcoup`m`, sb prbgudt`k` sckrb i` vìnmbz mb sus bsjubrzcs. E`k`dp`s`mc gbdbròncdbs y gbdbròncdbs mb h`rmndbrcs udnvbrsnt`rncs ouitnv`dmc youitnv`dmc, qub y` fuoecs mum`k`d mbi sbdtnmc mb su i`kcr. Ndoiusc ìgudcs(`s) ice`k`d civnm`mc. Bs qub pcr tcmcs i`mcs sb bsouoe`k`d rboi`fcs y fs rboi`fcs8

Pub ics gi`mncics sb e`k`d p`s`mc mb i` r`y`, ì qunt`ribs tbrrbdc ` i`s òòn`s yorns`dtbfcs< qub ics pbrrcs mbi vbondc..., qub i`s eubig`s sìv`hbs..., bto. I`

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f`ycr` sbdt`, bd bi ìf` y bd bi oubrpc, i` dbobsnm`m mb ud o`fknc. Q`r` bvnt`rfs pbib`s, tcmcs(`s) òcrm`rcd ud` icour`8 Bvìu`rsb ` s fnsfcs. M`m`s i`sonroudst`don`s, bi EOR, fbmn`dtb o`rt`, ib scinont ì rbotcr qub tco`sb su fìmntcpntc, `dudon`dmc ud `pte`pn krb`l p`r` prcobmbr ` i` ùtcbvìuònd. Bi rjbrnbdtcdobs, ibv`dtc su kr`zc, enzc scd`r su snik`tc y `dudon8

_bcr`s y sbcrbs8 Fndutc p`r` cksbrv`r ic qub tbdbfcs bd mbrrbmcr!

^ tcmc bi fudmc sb p`r p`r` fnr`r. I` vnst` dc br` prbons`fbdtb ud kbiic p`ns`hb.I` f`ycr` mb ics fbhcrbs surocs dc sb s`k` dn mdmb ocfbdz`k`d dn mdmbò`k`k`d. Ics ctrcs c bst`k`d tcronmcs c bdtrboruz`mcs. Bi bspònc mb ics oi`vbibse`k` snmc ndv`mnmc pcr v`rncs mnpicmcocs ò`mfnocs, snd nfpcrt`ribs qub tcm` ud`hùr` mb qunrqundoecs ibs i`mr`k`d, rboi`fdmcibs.

Bvnmbdtbfbdtb i`s ocs`s dc bst`k`d knbd8 E`k` qub bvìu`ri`s. Qbrc, ofceòbric3 Ics(`s) mcobdtbs dudo` e`k`d tbdnmc prckibf` ocd i` bvìuònd. O`sn

snbfprb e`k`d bvìu`mc ` ics(`s) bstumn`dtbs, tcf`mc ud bx`fbd y instc. Iubgcp`s`r`d ics mb _bgurc _conì Rdnvbrsnt`rnc ` rbocgbr ics o`mvbrbs y bsntc sbr`tcmc. ]`fknd pcr bi i`mc bstumn`dtni, i` prubk` br` ud tbf`, fs c fbdcsf`dbh`kib8 _n dc e`k`s bstumn`mc, bxnst` bi rboursc mbi oe`doeuiic c mbi oe`rib.I` ocs` bs ofc eòb udc(`) p`r` ùtcbvìu`rsb3 Ofc tr`dsjcrf`r ic m`mc bdm`tc, ou`dmc udc bs p`rtb mbi `sudtc3

Iubgc mb fuoecs ki`-ki`s, i` rbspubst` jub ocdstrunm` ocibotnv`fbdtb y prcdtc`dudon`m`, ì udscdc, pcr i`s krcdob`m`s trqub`s mb ics gìi`rmcs y i`ssnfptno`s mcobdtbs y bstumn`dtbs mb i` RF_@8

Ocfc scfcs p`rtb mbi snstbf`, dcs ùtcbvìu`rbfcs ocfc tì!

Mnoec y eboec. Ic qub sb e`k` mbonmnmc, jub vbrnjno`r sn sb bst`k`d bhbout`dmc icsprcobscs bst`tunmcs bd bi BCRK, ics JyQ y bi DF@>. Bs mbonr, qub ùtcbvìu`rsbbr` vbrnjno`r qub bxnst`d prcobscs ndstntuoncdìbs snstbftnocs y ocdtnducs mb`prcpnònd, `pinoònd y/c gbdbrònd mb ocdconfnbdtcs, p`r` i` sciuond mbprckibf`s sconìbs ocdorbtcs. Bs mbonr, bvìu`r bi prcobsc bmuo`tnvc vngbdtb bd i`RF_@.

_b cy bdtrb i`

fuitntum ud rbspnrc mbìnvnc, sic qubm`k`prbp`r`r bi f`tbrnì.@igudcs bx`gbr`rcd.Ics mb ndgbdnbr`

tr`hbrcdrbtrcbxo`v`mcr`s p`r``yum`r bd sus

prcspbooncdbs ` ics gbicgcs ò`mfnocs, `dtb bi ecrrcr mb ics `rqubicgcs, qubprbjbr`d sus pndobibs tbrnoc-fbtcmcignocs. Ics mb mbrboec dcrf` bd f`dc,

>

Ofc, `d dc s`kb qub scd bst`s s`gr`m`s sngi`s38 Bi Bst`tutc Crgdnoc mb i` Rdnvbrsnm`mKcinvn`d`, ics Jndbs y Qrndonpncs mb i` fnsf` y bi Dubvc Fcmbic @o`mfnoc pi`dtb`mc bd bi ZNOcdgrbsc.

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`dm`k`d, ocfc snbfprb, òcdsbh`dmc mb tcmc y ` tcmcs. Ics mb i` O`rrbr` mbNmncf`s dc sb pusnbrcd mb òubrmc y bfpbz`rcd ` e`ki`r bd mnstndtcs ibdgu`hbs.

Bi Qrcobsc Bmuo`tnvc Zngbdtb \QBZV.

@i jndì, ics fs jcrfìntcs, rbsufnbrcd i`s `dsnbm`mbs mb i` ocfudnm`m yprcpusnbrcd i` sngunbdtb k`tbr` mb prbgudt`s p`r` `vbrngu`r oui bi QrcobscBmuo`tnvc Zngbdtb bd i` RF_@.

Pund e`k` pbmnmc qub sb jcrf`sbd t`dtcs(`s) prcjbsncdìbs, ` ic i`rgc mbitnbfpc3 (@ qund ib sb sbrv`d3).

Ouibs i`s r`zcdbs p`r` qub i` RF_@ òbpt`r` bi jcrf`rics(`s)3 Mbspus mb t`dtcs `cs mb tr`k`hc, sb bst`k` eònbdmc sbgunfnbdtc ` ics

bgrbs`mcs3 @igunbd scinont`k` prcjbsncdìbs bd rònfcs3 Bst`fcs tcmcs, sconbm`m y udnvbrsnm`m, s`tnsjboecs ocd bi tr`k`hc

rbìnz`mc3

_b e`k` m`mc bi prnfbr p`sc p`r` i` rbìnzònd mbi Ocdgrbsc mb i` RF_@!

I` p`rtb ò`mfno`

Bi dcrtb mbi mn`gdstnoc ò`mfnoc br`8 Bxpino`r bi Qrcobsc Bmuo`tnvc Zngbdtb bd i`RF_@. _b bdtbdm` qub bi fnsfc br` i` suf` mb trbs jòtcrbs8 bi prcobsc mbbdsb`dz``prbdmnz`hb, i` Ndvbstngònd y i` bxtbdsnd udnvbrsnt`rn`

OR@M[C 5. BI MN_BC MBI Q[COB_C MB BZ@IR@OND

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Ndsufcs8

0. Qi`dbs y prcgr`f`s mb bstumnc, mb i` RF_@, t`dtc ics vngbdtbs ocfc icsrbsuit`dtbs mb i`s prbsbotcrnìbs.

;. @otntumbs y protno`s, mb mcobdtbs y bstumn`dtbs.

Ics prcobmnfnbdtcs8Qrnfbrc vbrnjno`r bi prcobsc bmuo`tnvc vngbdtb01.

OR@M[C >. I@ ZB[NJNO@OND MBI Q[COB_C BMRO@]NZC ZNGBD]B

_bgudmc ocdtrci`r i` ourroui`.

OR@M[C 01. OCD][CI@[ I@ OR[[ORI@

^ `s p`s. @i jndì mbi prcobsc mb ùtcbvìuònd ò`mfno`, bi Ecdcr`kib OcdsbhcRdnvbrsnt`rnc sò ì `trnc ics rbsuit`mcs, bd ud` k`tb`. ]cmcs qubm`rcd pbrpibhcs!

01]cmc bstc rboubrm` i`s prcpubst`s mb Gnikbrtc Gubv`r` qunbd òi`r` qub bi ourrouiuf mbkbr` sbrbi bhb mb i` bstruotur` ndstntuoncdì bd ics prcobscs mb jcrfònd, pubs bd bi sb ndtbgr`d i`s trbsjudoncdbs udnvbrsnt`rn`s \`mbfsV bstruotur` i`s òtnvnm`mbs ò`mfno`s y `mfndnstr`tnv`s \y pbrfntbi`V pi`dbònd udnvbrsnt`rn`. Gubv`r` Gnikbrtc. Bi mnsbc ourrnoui`r. Mnvnsnd mb Onbdon`s Kncigno`s y

mb i` _ìum. Rdnvbrsnm`m @utdcf` mb Fxnoc- Ucoenfnioc, Fxnoc 0>7:. Bi tbxtc qub tbdgc bd i`sf`dcs, e` snmc rbprcmuonmc pcr bi Mbp`rt`fbdtc mb @dinsns @o`mfnoc mbi Znobrrbotcr`mc mb i`RF_@, bd 0>57.

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Ic qub e`y bs ud prcobsc mb nmbcicgnzònd qub dòb bd i` bsoubi`, i` j`fnin` yctrcs grupcs. Bd bi ndtbrncr mb biics, i` bmuoònd dc tr`dsjcrf`mcr`, ibgntnf` i`òond ocdsbrv`mcr`. ^` ì ndtbrncr mb i`s ùi`s mb i` RF_@, bi prcobsc sb m` t`dtcbd bi bhbrononc mb i` mcobdon` ocfc bd i` òond mb ics bstumn`dtbs. _b ic pubmbgr`jno`r mnonbdmc qub `fkcs cksbrv`d i` rbìnm`m ` tr`vs mb ud ibdtb \pbm`ggnocV

qub sic pbrfntb vbr ud` p`rtb mb `qubii`. I` sntuònd sb rbjibh` bd i` bstruoturòndmb i` ourroui` ocd ocdtbdnmcs jbumìnz`mcs pcr jòuit`mbs y o`rrbr`s, qubndvn`kninz`d ouìqunbr o`fknc.

OR@M[C 00. BI QB@ ZNGBD]B BD I@ RF_@

Bd suf`, e`y bst`do`fnbdtc bd i` protno` mcobdtb< ud oufpinfnbdtc dc prcmuotnvcdn orb`tnvc mb ics Qi`dbs y Qrcgr`f`s< bi prbmcfndnc mb i` oi`sb f`gnstrì(tr`dsfnsnd - fbfcrnzònd - rbtbdond mb ocdtbdnmcs), qub rbmuob bi QB@ ` i`tr`dsfnsnd prbo`rn` mb ndjcrfònd, dc jcrf`tnv`, òrtno`, nrrbjibxnv` y dc orb`tnv`,rbspcds`kib mb i`s sngunbdtbs mnsconòncdbs8 Bdtrb i` tbcr` y i` protno`, i`ndvbstngònd y i` òond, bdtrb suhbtc y ckhbtc< y bdtrb bi pbds`r y bi eòbr. Dn e`ki`rmb ics ctrcs mcs ocfpcdbdtbs (rbjibxnd y prcmuoond), qub dc sb ics cksbrv` pcr

dndgud` p`rtb.

?. I` ndvbstngònd onbdtjno` ourrnoui`r.

Qcr ic gbdbrì, dc bst bspbonjno`m` ocfc tì, bstc snd ocdt`r qub sb ocdjudmb i`ndvbstngònd ocd i` rbociboond knkincgrjno`. _bgd ics bstumn`dtbs, protno`fbdtbdc sb ndvbstng`. _bgd ics mcobdtbs s, ùdqub mb f`dbr` prnf`rn`. Bd gbdbrì sbmbsocdcobd sus rbsuit`mcs c su pukinoònd. @ecr` knbd, ics qub `jnrf`d qubndvbstng`d, mbsocdcobd i`s fbtcmcicg`s utninz`m`s. I` f`ycr` orbb qub i`ndvbstngònd tnbdb nfpcrt`don` pbrc sic p`r` ics dnvbibs supbrncrbs.

=. I` bxtbdsnd sconì ourrnoui`r.

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E`y mbsocdconfnbdtc c ocdjusnd sckrb ic qub sngdnjno` bst` judond udnvbrsnt`rn`.Qcr ic mbfs, ics rgnmcs ocdtbdnmcs tbrnocs y bi mbsocdconfnbdtc mb ics prcobscsmb ndvbstngònd, nfpnmbd su bhbouond. Qbrc t`fknd e`y, pcr p`rtb mb tcmcs, kubd`prbmnspcsnond p`r` bhbout`ri`. E`y ksqubm` pcr ndocrpcr`r ics prckibf`s mbibdtcrdc y pcr gbdbr`r ndtbròtnvnm`m ocd i` ocfudnm`m, pubs bst` ocdjn`dz`

pbrfntnr` sbibooncd`r y m`r prncrnm`m ` i`s dbobsnm`mbs vntìbs mb i` pckiònd.

2. I` bvìuònd mbi prcobsc mb bdsb`dz` `prbdmnz`hb

Pu sb bvì`8 Qrndonpìfbdtb ocdtbdnmcs tbrnocs. Bd gbdbrì sb pnmb i`sciuond ` prckibf`s pi`dtb`mcs bd ics inkrcs.

Pund bvì`8 Bsbdonìfbdtb bi mcobdtb, qub bs i qub bdsb`. Ofc sb bvì`8 Ic mcfnd`dtb bs bi bx`fbd bsorntc, sckrb i` rbfbfcrònd

mb ocdobptcs mb inkrcs c bdudon`mcs mbi prcjbscr. ]`fknd bstd ics crìbs. I` dcrf` bd i` bvìuònd8 [bobpond mb bxfbdbs p`ronìbs, jndìbs y mb

sbgudmc turdc, ocd oìnjnoòncdbs mb udc ` onbd. Oudmc sb bvì`8 Bs pbrnmno` y sboubdonì. Ics bstumn`dtbs ocdsnmbr`d qub

sbr` kbdbjnoncsc qub jubsb snstbftno` y ocdtndu`. Cpndncdbs sckrb i` bvìuònd8 Q`r` i` f`ycr` scd ud` fcmìnm`m

`mbou`m`. Rd pcrobdt`hb sngdnjno`tnvc cpnd` qub bs mbjnonbdtb. Q`r` i`f`ycr` mb ics bstumn`dtbs bs ndhust` pubs dn `grbg`d ocdconfnbdtcs dncrnbdt`d bd bi usc mb ic `prbdmnmc.

OR@M[C 0;. I@ BZ@IR@OND MBI Q[COB_C BD_B@DX@ @Q[BDMNX@HB(Q@[]B N)

OR@M[C 0?. I@ BZ@IR@OND MBI Q[COB_C BD_B@DX@ @Q[BDMNX@HB(Q@[]B NN)

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OR@M[C 0=. I@ BZ@IR@OND MBI Q[COB_C BD_B@DX@ @Q[BDMNX@HB(Q@[]B NNN)

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:. I@_ Q[NDONQ@IB_ [B_CIRONCDB_ MBI Q[NFB[OCDG[B_C ND]B[DC

Bi Bst`tutc Crgdnoc mb i` Rdnvbrsnm`m Kcinvn`d` e`kr` qubm`mc bd d`m`, mb dce`kbr snmc pcr bi Qrnfbr Ocdgrbsc Ndtbrdc mb i` RF_@ mb 0.>55. Q`r` bs` co`snd,i` RF_@ sb pusc su jrò mb onbdon`, p`r` `pino`r ic `prck`mc bd bi ZN Ocdgrbsc.

Q`r` i` co`snd, bi OcdsbhcRdnvbrsnt`rnc mnsb ybhbout trbs Mn`gdstnocs8 Bi`mfndnstr`tnvc, bi jnd`donbrcy bi ò`mfnoc. Icsprnfbrcs bd i` vnm` mb i`RF_@. Ics rbsuit`mcs dcjubrcd snfptnocs (oudmcic scd3), pbrc br`d prcpncs.I` RF_@ sb `mbi`dtt`fknd, bd v`rncs `cs, ì` iibg`m` mb ics vnrrbybs mbi` bmuoònd supbrncri`tndc`fbrno`d`8 IcsKruddbr, ics Fug` y ics

Wndlibr, bto., mb bscs qub

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iibg`d mbi bxtr`dhbrc p`r` mbonrtb8 ofc pumnstb eòbric!3 y ` ocdtnduònd mbkbsp`g`r t`d vìncsc rbprcoeb.

Bi tr`k`hc jndì jub jrutc mb ud `c mb bsjubrzc. Bst rbsufnmc bd snbtb tcfcs - sndndoiunr ics `pdmnobs - ecy fuy mnjonibs mb bdocdtr`r0=. Bi 7.1>.57 bfpbz`rcd ocd i`

bi`kcrònd mb ic m`mc y mb i` ocdstruoond mbi m`tc (ocfc mnr` [ì Qr`m`). I`sukocfnsnd, iubgc mbi `dinsns mb ocdgrubdon` y mb sdtbsns, p`sc ` i` rbmòond mbimcoufbdtc jndì mbi Mn`gdstnoc @o`mfnoc. Bi ;;.15.55 i` Ocfnsnd ic `prck y bi;=.15.55 jub bdtrbg`mc, bd sbsnd mbi EOR, ì [botcr. ^ qubm `prck`mc!

Mbo` bi bdtcdobs Znobrbotcr mb i` RF_@, Mcd [ì @ioz`r Zbi`soc8 Bd bstcssnbtb tcfcs y `pdmnobs bst i` vnsnd ndtbrd`, bd ics \fnsfcsV bspòncs y ocd icsòtcrbs mb i` vnm` udnvbrsnt`rn` mb _`d @dmrs \V. Qrbtbdmbd gbdbr`r rbjibxnd,prcpubst`s y prcybotcs y `krnr bi mbk`tb sckrb `spbotcs ò`mfnocs civnm`mcs cmbinkbr`m`fbdtb tbrgnvbrs`mcs, p`r` `sufnr i` tr`dsjcrfònd sust`dtnv` mb i`ndstntuond.

OR@M[C 02. I@_ MBON_NCDB_ QCI]NO@_ PRB _B ]CF@[CD ^ IRBGC _BI@_ NDOIR^B[CD BD BI B_]@]R]C C[GDNOC ND]B[DC MB I@ RF_@

Ocfbdt`rnc8 I` Ocfnsnd Qcitno` rbmòt bstcs pudtcs. Mbs`jcrtud`m`fbdtb,ocfp`r`mcs scd nmdtnocs ` ics qub `prck bi ZN Ocdgrbsc8 Bi prcobsc ò`mfnocmb i` udnvbrsnm`m mbkbr sntu`rsb bd bi ocdconfnbdtc-òond mb ics prckibf`socdorbtcs mb i` rbìnm`m, p`r` i` ocdstruoond mb fcmbics vn`kibs y jòtnkibs bd i`

0=Eb sìv`mc ic qub fs pumb y ustbm pubmb vbrics bd

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tr`dsjcrf`ond enstrno` mb i` R (@rt. H mbi Dubvc Fcmbic @o`mfnoc, ocdtbdnmc bd bi Ndjcrfb @o`mfnoc mbi ZN Ocdgrbsc mb Rdnvbrsnm`mbs.

Ics rbsuit`mcs (`o`mfnocs) mbi Qrnfbr Ocdgrbsc

OR@M[C 0:. I@_ [B_CIRONCDB_ @O@MFNO@_ MBI OCDG[B_1C

OR@M[C 07. RD@ [B_CIROND ND_]N]RONCD@IPRB DC _N[ZN Q@[@ D@M@ ^ IC ][@DO ]CMC

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Ocfbdt`rnc. Dudo` sb tr`t bstb tbf`. Bs fs, bd tcmcs ics pcstgr`mcs ymnpicf`mcs mb i` RF_@ ing`mcs ` tbf`s ourrnoui`rbs, sb sngub ocd i` vnbh` f``bmuo`tnv` mb ndjcrf`r ics `spbotcs tbrnocs mbi ourrouiuf, mbsvndoui`mcs mb ic qubbi Qrnfbr Ocdgrbsc Ndtbrdc mb i` RF_@ mbtbrfnd8 Bstumn`rics ing`mcs ` i` sciuondmb ics prckibf`s rbgncdìbs. Bst` òtntum ò`mfno` tnbdb su crngbd bd i`dbgingbdon` mb tcm`s i`s ùtcrnm`mbs udnvbrsnt`rn`s e`st` bi m` mb ecy.

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Qbrc eukc ctrc ndgrbmnbdtb bxtr`8 h`! I` p`rtnonpònd bd bi Ocdgrbsc, mb ics y i`smcobdtbs mb i` RF_@ jcrf`mcs bd bi Oursc mb Jcrfònd p`r` bi Bhbrononc mb i`Mcobdon` y i` Ndvbstngònd, `prck`mc pcr bi ZN y bhbout`mc pcr bi OBRK. Bd bjbotc,` bstb Qrnfbr Ocdgrbsc, `snstnbrcd ud` trbndtbd` mb mcobdtbs jcrf`mcs bd i`rbprcmuoond mb mnoec Oursc (ics j`fcscs fmuics), qub ic iibv`rcd ` bjbotc ud

p`r mb mcobdtbs mb _`d @dmrs. Gròn`s ` i` òond mb bstcs ocibg`s, ò`mfno``dtbs qub p`rtnm`rn`, i` tcrt` sb mnc i` vubit`02. _nd bfk`rgc i` f`ycr` mb mcobdtbsdc e`k` eboec bi oursc y ics(`s) bstumn`dtbs o`sn dn s`k`d mbi tbf` ò`mfnoc.Fuoecs `rrnk`rcd ì Ocdgrbsc snd snqunbr` s`kbr ibbr dn bsornknr!

Bdtr`dmc bd f`tbrn`. _n bi prckibf` mbi ZN Ocdgrbsc mb i` RK sb ii`f`k` DubvcFcmbic @o`mfnoc, bi `sudtc prnfbrc mbi Qrnfbr Ocdgrbsc mbk` sbr sundstntuoncdìnzònd. Bxpinqubfcs ud pcoc sckrb ofc sb tr`fnt bstb `sudtc bd biQrnfbr Ocdgrbsc. Ic prnfbrc qub enonbrcd ìgud`s ocfnsncdbs, jub bso`kuiinrsb mbitbf` rbmòt`dmc ` pi`d mb gcrmcs krcoe`zcs dubv`s prcpubst`s mb bst`tutccrgdnoc, tcm`s o`sn ud` ocpn` mbi mb i` Rdnvbrsnm`m Kcinvn`d`.

Qbrc ctrc br` bi o`dt`r bd i` ocfnsnd ò`mfno`, ìi sb rbmòt`rcd y `prck`rcdv`rn`s rbsciuoncdbs oi`vb.

NM[, OONN_QG y prbsupubstc.

I` [bsciuond Ndstntuoncdì Dc. ;Bstruotur` y ourrouiuf, r`y` i` o`doe`.K`sdmcsb bd bi Mn`gdstnoc@o`mfnoc mb i` RF_@, sb òi`r qub ou`dmcudc(`) e`ki` mb ic ò`mfnoc, sb bst rbjnrnbdmc ` i`Bstruotur` @o`mfno`,bi Ourrouiuf @o`mfnoc, bi [gnfbd mcobdtb, bi [gnfbd Bstumn`dtni y bi[gnfbd mb @mfndnstrònd @o`mfno`.

I` [bsciuond @o`mfno` Dc. =, bst`kibob qub qunbd occrmnd` tcm` i`òtnvnm`m ò`mfno` ndstntuoncdì ocd i`s ndstntuoncdbs bxtbrncrbs ` i` RF_@,p`r` rbscivbr ics prckibf`s mb i` rbgnd, sb ii`f`r Ndstntutc mb Mbs`rrciic[bgncdì (NM[). (Jcrf` mb rbscivbr i` rbiònd udnvbrsnm`m-sconbm`m-bst`mc).

I` [bsciuond @o`mfno` Dc. 2 mbtbrfnd` qub qund occrmnd` i` bhbouondmb i`s pcitno`s mb ndvbstngònd sb ii`f` OONN_QG. I` Dc. :, ic fnsfc, pbrcp`r` i` òtnvnm`m mb i` Ndtbròond _conì. (Jcrf` mb rbscivbr i` rbiònd bdtrbbi pbds`r y bi eòbr).

I` [bsciuond Dc. > sckrb prbsupubstc mct` mb rbourscs bocdfnocs, ` i`sòtnvnm`mbs mb rbociboond, rbjibxnd y sciuond, ò`mfno`s, ` ics prckibf`smb i` rbgnd.

Bi Qrcobsc Bmuo`tnvcZngbdtb.

02]cmc iibv` ` pbds`r qub ics qub fs sb bdtusn`sf`rcd ocd bi Oursc Dòncdì, jubrcd mcs ocibg`smb i` RF_@ qub ic rbprcmuhbrcd mur`dtb sbns `cs snd ockr`r d`m` y snd qub fbmn`r` ud` [bsciuond

mbi EOR mb _`d @dmrs. Ndoiusc ecy, udc mb biics, ocdtnd` mbsmb 0.>5: rbprcmuondmcic bd ud`vbrsnd `m`pt`m` p`r` ics ùxnin`rbs mb mcobdon` y snd dndgud` rbsciuond mbi Ocdsbhc Rdnvbrsnt`rnc,fb rbjnbrc ` i` Bsoubi` mb @uxnin`rbs mb Mcobdon`.

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Bi Qrnfbr Ocdgrbsc rbsubivb `mcpt`r ckhbtcs mb bstumnc rbgncdìfbdtbocdtbxtuìnz`mcs.

_b ndocrpcr` i` prcmuoond bd bi QB@, tr`vs mbi NM[< _b ndocrpcr`d ics ckhbtcs - prckibf` c prcybotcs bspbojnocs bd i`

ndvbstngònd ourrnoui`r, ` tr`vs mbi OONN_QG. _b Ndocrpcr`d ics suhbtcs sconìbs bd i` bxtbdsnd ourrnoui`r, ` tr`vs mb i`

N_. Qcr itnfc qubm` òcrm`mc qub i` sciuond ` ics ckhbtcs-prckibf` (c

prcybotcs), ` tr`vs mbi NM[ b N_, sbrd ocdsnmbr`mcs ocfc i` bvìuònd mbiprcobsc.

Mb bst` f`dbr` bi ocdhudtc mb pi`dbs y prcgr`f`s pcmrd `mqunrnr ud sbdtnmcndstntuoncdì ocdorbtc< bi prcobsc mb bdsb`dz` `prbdmnz`hb, ì ocdt`r ocd ud ckhbtcmb bstumnc rbì, bvnt`r i` nmbcicgnzònd< y, pcr itnfc, i` ndvbstngònd onbdtjnoòurrnoui`r, rbonkb ud eubsc rbì.

I` biboond mb ics ckhbtcsprckibf`mb i` rbìnm`m.

Ou`dmc ib iibg bi turdc ` i` f`dbr` mb bibgnr ics ckhbtcs-prckibf` mb i` rbìnm`m,i`s ocs`s sb pusnbrcd ocicr s`dmwoeb mbi st`mnuf. Mbonfcs bstc, pubs bi `mhbtnvcmb rbgncdì qub sb `mcpt fs qub ud` mbjndnond gbcgrjno`, jub ud` mbonsndnmbcicgnz`m`, `sufnm` mbsmb i` nmbcicg` rbnd`dtb bdtrb ics fnbfkrcs mbi Ocdgrbsc,qub iuob fs `jd ì pbds`fnbdtc mb nzqunbrm` dòncdì qub ì f`rxnsfc. Mbeboec i` rbgnd, bs ud` gbdbrìnzònd `fknvìbdtb, qub prbjnbrbd ics sbotcrbspcpui`rbs, ou`dmc sb tr`t` mb sìv`r i` sntuònd. I` oi`vb, bvnmbdtbfbdtb, euknbsbbst`mc bd ocdt`r ocd bi Mn`gdstnoc _conì mb i` rbgnd, pbrc bi EOR mb _`d

@dmrs ic e`k` bxcronz`mc.

I@_ JC]N]C_

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Qbrc, ` pbs`r mb i` vubitnt`, bi Qrnfbr Ocdgrbsc dc pumc rbscivbr ofc ndocrpcr`r bio`fpc prcjbsncdìc i`s protno`s prcjbsncdìbs ì ourrouiuf.

I` gcimbd rbsciutncd, qub bxpino`sb ofc sb ndtrcmuob bi kbdmntc prckibf`, dudoìibg!

Bi tbf` mb i` ndtrcmuoond, qubm ocig`dmc sbcr`s y sbcrbs!

_nd bfk`rgc sb pcmr` bdtbdmbr qub i` oubstnd bst`k` tfnm`fbdtb pi`dtb`m` bd i`[bsciuond @o`mfno` dc. ?, qub mnspcd` i` orbònd mb ud Obdtrc mb JcrfòndMcobdtb qub ocdstruybsb bi DF@ mb i` RF_@. Qbrc ce tr`gbmn`! sb `prck biObdtrc, snd sus pi`dbs y prcgr`f`s8 Bi Ocdgrbsc dc bdtbdmn qub bst`k` judm`dmcud` oso`r` vò`.

Bst` ndo`p`nm`m gbdbr, ocd bi tnbfpc, qub i` ndòond ndstntuoncdì ocdtndb y qubi`s bfprbs`s tr`dsdòncdìbs sng`d coup`dmc ics bspòncs mb tr`k`hc, rbjibxnd yorbònd rbgncdìbs, qub ib ocrrbspcdm`d ` i` RF_@8 Bi crc, bi o`j, i`s o`rrbtbr`s,

i` oco`, bi tbibjrnoc, bi s`tintb, bto.0:. Gr`d rbspcds`kninm`m pcr bstb vòuuf ictnbdbd i`s fxnf`s ùtcrnm`mbs udnvbrsnt`rn`s mbi EOR (mcobdtbs y bstumn`dtbs), yics mnjbrbdtbs rbotcrbs qub mbsmb bdtcdobs tuvc i` RF_@. Pund f`dbh` y ofc,ecy bd m`, bstb vòc ò`mfnoc bd _`d @dmrs3

>. KNKINCG[@J@

@iock` @rn`s, Hcrgb. Enstcrn` mbi ourrouiuf mb i` bmuoònd supbrncr kcinvn`d`.Mnspcdnkib bd8

0:Mb p`sc ibs ndjcrfc qub hustc pcr bstb fctnvc `kr fn kicg8 bi ourrouiuf kcinvn`dc.

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ettps8//bs.sornkm.ocf/mco/;07?22;5:/EN_]C[N@-MBI-OR[[NORIRF-MB-I@-BMRO@ONCD-_RQB[NC[-KCINZN@D@

@iock` @rn`s, Hcrgb. Bi ourrouiuf bd i` [email protected] bd8ettps8//bs.sornkm.ocf/mco/;=2755>::/Bi-Ourrnouiuf-bd-I`-RF_@

@iock` @rn`s, Hcrgb.@utcdcf` y ourrouiuf.Mnspcdnkib bd8ettps8//bs.sornkm.ocf/mco/;0=1=0?25/@R]CDCFN@-^-OR[[NORIRF-BD-I@-RF_@.

@iock` @rn`s, Hcrgb. Bi Oursc mb Jcrfònd Mcobdtb mbi OBRK.Mnspcdnkib bd8ettps8//bs.sornkm.ocf/mco/;0=1==1>>/BI-OR[_C-MB-JC[F@ONCD-MCOBD]B-MBI-OBRK-0->52

@rg`dmc` ^`bz, F`rnc. Bstruotur` mbi Dubvc Fcmbic @o`mfnoc. RF__,

Ocoe`k`fk`. 0>52.Mnspcdnkib bd8ettps8//bs.sornkm.ocf/mco/2>:?20;7/F`rnc-@rg`dmcd`-Bstruotur`-DF@-0

Mbig`mniic [cs, Bmmy. Dubvc Fcmbic @o`mfnoc.Mnspcdnkib bd8ettps8//bs.sornkm.ocf/mco/2>;?>5:;/Dubvc-Fcmbic-@o`mbfnoc-Bmmy-Mbig`mniic-

[ncs

Mcoufbdtcs mbi prnfbr ocdgrbsc ndtbrdc mb i` RF_@ 0>55.Mnspcdnkib bd8ettp8//biourrnouiufkcinvn`dc.kicgspct.ocf/p/mn`gdcstnoc-ò`mbfnoc-mb-i`-ufs`S1;.etfi

Mcoufbdtcs mbi ZN Ocdgrbsc Dòncdì mb Rdnvbrsnm`mbs.Mnspcdnkib bd8ettp8//www.obuk.bmu.kc/ò`mbfno`/mcoufbdtcs/ocdgrbscs/1:SOcdgrbsc.pmj

G`fkc` Znii`rrcbi Fnry`f. Dubvc Fcmbic @o`mfnoc.Mnspcdnkib bd8ettps8//bs.sornkm.ocf/mco/:0;5>005/Fnry`f-G`fkc`-Znii`rrcbi-Dubvc-Fcmbic-

@o`mbfnocGubv`r` Gnikbrtc. Bi mnsbc ourrnoui`r. Bxtròt`mc mb Gnikbrtc Gubv`r`8 Bi mnsbcourrnoui`r. Mnvnsnd mb Onbdon`s kncigno`s y mb i` sìum. R@F-Ucoenfnioc. Fxnoc0>75. Qukino`mc pcr bi Mbp`rt`fbdtc mb @dinsns @o`mfnoc mbi Znobrrbotcr`mc mbi` RF_@ bd @gcstc mb 0.>57.Mnspcdnkib bd8ettps8//bs.sornkm.ocf/mco/;252;>110/BI-MN_BDC-OR[[NORI@[

Qrnfbr Ocdgrbsc Ndtbrdc mb i` RF_@ 0>55. Mcoufbdtcs mbi Qrnfbr OcdgrbscQrnfbr ocdgrbsc.Mnspcdnkib bd8 ettp8//biourrnouiufkcinvn`dc.kicgspct.ocf/p/mn`gdcstnoc-ò`mbfnoc-

mb-i`-ufs`S1;.etfi
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