2445/2465 - bitsavers.org · 2017. 5. 4. · Tektronix, Jne. P.O. Box 500 Beaverton, Oregon 97077 070·4633-00 Product Group 38 COMMITTED TO EXCELLENCE PLEASE CHECK FOR CHANGE INFORMATION

Tektronix, Jne. P.O. Box 500 Beaverton, Oregon 97077

070·4633-00 Product Group 38

COMMITTED TO EXCELLENCE

PLEASE CHECK FOR CHANGE INFORMATION A T THE REAR OF THIS MANUAL.

2445/2465 OPTION 10

GPIB OPTION OPERATORS

INSTRUCTION MANUAL

Serial Number ____ _

First Printing SEP 1983 Revised APR 1985

Copyright ® 1983 Tektronix, Inc. All rights reserved. Contents of this publication may not be reproduced in any form without the written permission of Tektronix, Inc.

Products of Tektronix. Inc. and its subsidiaries are covered by U.S. and foreign patents and/or pending patents.

TEKTRONIX, TEK, SCOPE-MOBILE, and i! are registered trademarks of Tektronix, Inc. TELEQUIPMENT is a registered trademark of Tektronix U.K. Limited.

Printed in U.S.A. Specification and price change privileges are reserved.

INSTRUMENT SERIAL NUMBERS

Each instrument has a serial number on Ii panel insert, tag. or stamped on the chassis. The first number or letter deSignates the country of manufacture. The last five digits of the serial number are assigned sequentially and are unique to each instrument. Those manufactured in the United States have six unique digits. The country of manufacture is identified as follows:

BOOOOOO 100000

200000

300000

700000

Tektronix, Inc., Beaverton, Oregon, USA

Tektronix Guernsey. Ltd., Channel Islands

Tektronix United Kingdom, Ltd., london

Sony/Tektronix, Japan

Tektronix Holland, NV, Heerenveen, The Netherlands

2445/2465 Option 10 Operators

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS .................... ii LIST OF TABLES ........................... ii OPERATORS SAFETY SUMMARY ............. iii

SECTION 1 SPECIFICATION INTRODUCTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-1 STANDARD ACCESSORIES ........ 1-1 STANDARD FUNCTIONS, FORMATS, AND FEATURES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-1 PERFORMANCE CONDITIONS ...... 1-2

SECTION 2 CONTROLS. CONNECTORS, AND INDICATORS FRONT-PANEL CONTROLS ....... , 2-1 REAR PANEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2-1 INDICATORS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . • .. 2·1 READOUT DISPLAYS ............. 2-2

SECTION 3 GPIB PREPARATION FOR USE POWER-UP SEQUENCE . . . . . . . . . .. 3-1

Kernel Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3-1 Confidence Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3-1 Successful Power·Up Sequencing.. 3-1 Unsuccessful Power-Up Sequencing 3-1

POWER-DOWN SEQUENCE . . . . . . .. 3-1

SECTION 4 CONTROLLING OSCILLOSCOPE FUNCTIONS OVER ·THE GPIB INTRODUCTION .................. 4-1 GPIB PARAMETER SELECTION. . . .. 4-1

Primary Address. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-1 Input End-of-Message Terminator and Talk/Usten Mode. . . . . . . . . . .. 4-1

MESSAGES AND COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-2

Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-2 Headers .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-2 Arguments .. .. . .. . .. . . . .. . .. .. 4-2 Command Separator . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-3 Message Terminator. . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-3 Command Formatting. . . . . . . . . . .. 4-3 Numeric Arguments . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-3

GPIB COMMAND LISTS . . . . . . . . . .. 4-4

SECTION 4 CONTROLLING OSCILLOSCOPE FUNCTIONS OVER THE GPIB (cont)

REMOTE-LOCAL OPERATING

Page

STATES ......................... 4-13 Local State (LOCS) ... . . . . . . . . .. 4-13 Local With Lockout State (LWLS) .. 4-13 Remote State (REMS) . . . . . . . . . .. 4-13 Remote With Lockout State (RWLS) 4-14

INSTRUMENT RESPONSE TO INTERFACE MESSAGES ........... 4-14

Local Lockout(LLO) ............. 4-14 Remote Enable (REN) .•......... , 4-14 Go To Local (GTL) . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-14 My Usten and My Talk Addresses (MLA AND MTA) ................ 4-14 Unlisten and Untalk (UNL and UNT) 4-14 Interface Clear (IFC) ............. 4-14 Device Clear (DCL) . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-14 Selected Device Clear (SDC) . . . . .. 4-14 Serial Poll Enable and Disable (SPE AND SPD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-14

PROGRAMMING ................. 4-15 Command Handler . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-15 Service-Request Handler . . . . . . . .. 4-15 Sample Program A . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-15 Sample Program B . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-16 Using SETtings? and LLSet? Queries 4-17 Sample Program C. . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-17 Sample Program D. . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-18 Front Panel Lockout. . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-18 Reset Under GPIB Control ........ 4-19

APPENDIX A GPIB COMMAND REFERENCE .... A-1

APPENDIX B STATUS AND ERROR REPORTING B-1

APPENDIX C MESSAGE COMMAND CHARACTER TRANSLATIONS..... ........... C-1

APPENDIX D SWEEP SPEED COMMAND CONSIDERATIONS ............... D-1

APPENDIX E LLMESSAGE COMMAND CHARACTER TRANSLATIONS E-1

CHANGE INFORMATION


LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Figure Page

The 2445 Option 10 Oscilloscope ..................... , , .... , , , .... , , , , , . , .. , , . .. iv The 2465 Option 10 Oscilloscope . , , .... , ..... , . , , ........ , , ............. , , , ... ,. iv

2-1 Rear-Panel GPIB CONNECTOR, ........... , ... , .. "., .............. ,", ....... 2-1 2-2 GPIB STATUS indicators ,. , . , ... , . , . , , , ... , , ............. , . , ... , .. , . . .. . .. ,.,. 2-2

LIST OF TABLES

Table Page

1-1 ANSI/IEEE Std 488-1978 (GPIB) Functions . .................................... 1-2 1-2 Specific Features Implemented ................................................ 1-2 1-3 Specific Format Choices ..................................................... 1-2 1-4 Option 10 Electrical Characteristics ............................................ 1-3 1-5 Option 1 0 Mechanical Characteristics .......................................... 1-3

4-1 Numeric Argument Format for GPIB Commands .................................. 4-3 4-2 Vertical Commands ......................................................... 4-4 4-3 Horizontal Commands ...................................................... , 4-6 4-4 Trigger Commands ........................... ............................. 4-7 4-5 Delay and Delta Commands .................................................. 4-9 4-6 System Commands ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-10 4-7 Calibration and Diagnostic Commands ........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-12

A-1 GPIB Command Summary ................................................... A-1

B-1 Status Event and Error Categories ............................................ , B-1 B-2 GPIB Status Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2

C-1 Message Command Character Translations ..................................... " C-1

0-1 Horizontal Command Results ................................................. 0-1

E-1 LLMessage? Query Character Set (Code Sequenced) ............................. E-1 E-2 LLMessage Command Character Set (Character Sequenced) ....................... E-4

ii REV JUL 1984


OPERATORS SAFETY SUMMARY The general safety summary in this part of the summary is for both operating and servicing personnel. Specific warnings and cautions will be found throughout the manual where they apply and do not appear in this summary.

Terms in This Manual

CAUTION statements identify conditions or practices that could result in damage to the eql,lipment or other property.

WARNING statements identify conditions or practices that could result in personal injury or loss of life.

Terms as Marked on Equipment

CAUTION indicates a personal injury hazard not immedi-ately accessible as one reads the markings, or a hazard to property, including the equipment itself.

DANGER indicates a personal injury hazard immediately ac-cessible as one reads the marking.

Symbols as Marked on Equipment

This symbol indiCates where applicable cautionary or other information is to be found.

Protective ground (earth) terminal.

ATTENTION - Refer to manual.

Power Source

This product is intended to operate from a power source that does not apply more than 250 volts rms between the supply conductors or between either supply conductor and ground. A protective ground connection by way of the grounding conductor in the pow~r cord is essential for safe operation.

Grounding the Product

This product is grounded through the grounding conductor of the power cord. To avoid electrical shock, plug the power cord into a properly wired receptacle before connecting to the product input or output terminals. A protective ground connection by way of the grounding conductor in the power cord is essential for safe operation.

Danger Arising From Loss of Ground

Upon loss of the protective-ground connection, all accessi· ble conductive parts (including knobs and controls that may appear to be insulating) can render an electric Shock.

Use the Proper Power Cord

Use only the power cord and connector speCified for your product.

Use only a power cord that is in good condition.

Use the Proper Fuse

To avoid fire hazard, use only a fuse of the correct type, voltage rating and current rating as specified in the parts list for your product.

Do Not Operate in Explosive Atmospheres

To avoid explosion, do not operate this product in an explo-sive atmosphere unless it has been specifically certified for such operation.

Do Not Remove Covers or Panels

To avoid persona! injury, do not remove the product covers or panels. Do not operate product without the covers and panels properly installed.

iii


4633{)1

The 2446 Option 10 {GPIBI Oscilloscope.

4633-02

The 2465 Option 10 (GPIB) Oscilloscope.

iv

Section 1 2445/2465 Option 10 Operators

SPECIFICATION

INTRODUCTION

Option 10 to the TEKTRONIX 2445 and 2465 Oscillo-scopes adds the hardware and the software that allows these instruments to be remotely 'controlled and queried us-ing a standard interface system. 'the interface implemented conforms to the specifications contained in IEEE Standard Digital Interface for Programmable instrumentation (ANSI/IEEE Std 488-1978). commonly referred to as the General Purpose Interface Bus (GPIB). It also complies with a Tektronix Standard relating to GPIB Codes. Formats, Conventions and Features.

This manual describes GPIB operational elements only in relation to communication between the oscilloscope and the remote controller by way of the bus. For complete informa-tion regarding GPIB electrical, mechanical, and functional aspects, refer to ANSI/IEEE Std 488-1978, which is pub-lished by:

The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 345 East 47th Street . New York, New York 10017

Messages originating from a remote controlling device and transmitted over the GPIf3 perform one of three functions:

1. Set the oscilloscope operating mode; 2. Query the state of the oscilloscope; or 3. Query the results of measurements made.

All oscilloscope front-panel functions are controllable through the GPIB interface, except the power and display controls (INTENSITY, BEAM FINO, FOCUS, READOUT IN-TENSITY, TRACE ROTATION, A~TIG, SCALE ILLUM, and POWER). Structure and format of the commands and que-ries executable by the GPIB Option are explained in Section 4, 'Controlling Oscilloscope Functions over the GPIB". A listing of command headers and arguments, along with con-cise descriptions, is also provided in Section 4.

REV APR 1985

The alphanumeric crt readout is used to display mea-surement results, diagnostknest messages, exercise mes-sages, and calibration messages. Any measurement result that is displayed on the crt readout can also be transmitted over the GPIB. While the READOUT INTENSITY control it-self is not GPIB controllable, scale-factor readouts can be turned on and off over the bus.

STANDARD ACCESSORIES

In addition to the standard accessories listed in the basic oscillOSCOpe manuals, one copy each of the following Option 10 accessories is also provided:

Description

2445/2465 Option 10 Operators Manual 2445/2465 Option 10 Service Manual 2445/2465 Option 10 Reference Guide

Part Number

070-4633-00 070-4640-00 070-5364-00

STANDARD FUNCTIONS, FORMATS, AND FEATURES

The total interface-function repertOire of an instrument on the GPIB, in terms of interface-function subsets, is identified in ANSI/IEEE Std 488-1978. The status of subsets appli-cable to 2445 and 2465 Oscilloscopes with Option 10 are listed in Table 1-1.

A Tektronix standard identifies the format and features of messages sent over the bus to communicate with other instruments equipped with a GPIB interface. Specific fea-tures implemented in the 2445 and 2465 Oscilloscopes are listed in Table 1-2, and specific formats are shown in Table 1-3.

1-'

Specification 2445/2465 Option 10 Operators

Table 1·1

ANSI/IEEE Std 488-1978 (GPIB) Functions

Function Description

SH1 Source Handshake. Complete capability.

AH1 Acceptor Handshake. Complete capability.

T6 Basic Talker. Responds to Serial Poll. Unaddress if My Listen Address (MLA) is received.

L3 Basic Listener. Listen Only. Unaddress if My Talk Address (MTA) is received.

SR1 Service Request. Complete capability.

RL1 Remote-Local. Complete capability.

DC1 Device Clear. Complete capability.

PPO Parallel Poll. Does not respond to Parallel Poll.

DTO Device Trigger. Does not have Device Trigger capability.

CO Controller. Does not have Controller capabilities.

NOTE

Open collector bus drivers (Et) are used by this instrument.

Feature

Indicators

Parameter Selection

Secondary Addressing

1-2

Table 1-2

Specific Features Implemented

Description

REM (remote), SRQ (service request). and LOCK (front-panel lockout) indicators are included.

Selection is via diagnostic menu and crt readout. Nonvolatile storage is in EAROM. No hard-wired switches are provided for this feature.

Not implemented.

Table 1-3

Specific Format Choices

Format Parameter Description

Format Characters Not transmitted; ignored on reception.

Message Terminator Either the End-ar-Identify (EOI) or the Line-Feed (LF) mode can be selected.

Measurement Follows program message-unit Terminator syntax, which allows numeric

characters in headers and alphabetic data arguments for reporting.

Link Data Used in Usten and Talk modes. (Arguments)

Instrument Descriptors are added for other Identification Query installed options.

SETtings Query Extended, using LLSet commands. to allow block binary response.

IN It Command Causes the oscilloscope to return to a power-an condition. All operating modes then agree with actual front· panel settings.

Return to Local (rtf) Asserted when any front-panel Message control attempts to change a GPIB·

controllable function.

Time/Date Not implemented. Commands

Stored Setting Not implemented. Commands

Waveform Not implemented. Transmission

Device Trigger (DT) Not implemented.

Multiple Event Not implemented. Reporting

IEEE 728 Compliance not intended.

PERFORMANCE CONDITIONS

Except as noted in Tables 1-4 and 1-5 of this manual, the electrical, environmental, and mechanical characteristics of Option 10 instruments (including the performance condi-tions) are identical to those specified in the respective 2445 and 2465 Oscilloscope Operators Manual.

Table 1-4 Option 10 Electrical Characteristics

Performance Characteristics Requirements

Vertical Position Accuracy Position accuracy is only valid when:

CH 1, CH 2 {non inverted)

+15°C to +35°C

CH 2 Inverted

-15°C to +55°C (excluding + 15°C to +35°C)

CH 3, CH 4

-15°C to +55°C

IEEE 488 Outputs Volts Out for True (101 = 48 mAl

Volts Out for False (IOF = -5.2 mA)

Volts Out with Output Disabled

Output Leakage Current with Power OFF (0 V


CONTROLS, CONNECTORS, AND INDICATORS

FRONT ·PANEL CONTROLS

Controls used to sat up the instrument for GPIB opera-tion (i.e., selecting the instrument's GPIB address. end-of-message terminator. and talk/listen mode) are described in Section 3, "GPIB Preparation For Usa". The use of all other controls for operating the instrun:tent remains the same as explained in the oscilloscope Operators Manual.

REAR PANEL

See Figure 2-1 for the location of the following connector.

OPIB CONNECTOR-This connector provides the IEEE Std 488-1978 compatible electrical and me-chanical connection to the GPIB.

INDICATORS

See Figure 2-2 for the location of the indicators (LOCK. SRQ, and REM) added to the front panel above the crt.

®

@

LOCK (Local Lockout)-lIIuminates to indicate that the Local Lookout universal command has been sant over the GPIB. If the instrument has been ad-dressed and the Remote Enable line asserted, the front.panel controls, except display and power, will be locked out.

SRQ (Service Request)-lIIuminates to indicate that the instrument has detected either an error or a warning condition and is requesting service by the bus controller.

4633-10

Figure 2-1. Rear Panel GPI8 CONNECTOR.

2-1

... ---.. ----.-.--.----.--.-~-----.--,-------------------------

Controls, Connectors, and Indicators 2445/2465 Option 10 Operators

® REM (Remote)-lIIuminates to show that the instru-ment's GPIB interface is in a Remote state. The in-terface enters a Remote state at the request of the bus controller. It leaves the Remote state either at the controller's request or when a GPIB-controUable front-panel control is changed while the instrument is not in a Local Lockout state.

READOUT DISPLAYS

Readout displays of GPIB-eontrollabie oscilloscope func-tions are identical to crt readout displays for non-GPIB-equipped instruments. Consult Sections 3 and 6 in the oscilloscope Operators Manual for readout display informa-tion and typical examples. The additional displays associ-ated with the operator's GPIB functions are illustrated in Section 4 of this manual.

2-2

52 ~ 51 /

- ..... ron·1X ou,,;u:: 300"''''' G"'.; TAW. I~ ~ OSOUOSCQPE LOCK. SilO .P;E~

INTENS!TV I!()CUS

((!)c~

4633-04

Figure 2-2. GPIB STATUS indicators.


GPIB PREPARATION FOR USE

POWER-UP SEQUENCE

Before initially turning on power to the instrument; read Section 2, "Preparation for Use", in the oscilloscope Oper-ators Manual and follow the safety and precautionary in-formation described there.

The power-up tests, automatically performed each time the oscilloscope is turned on, examines both the oscillo-scope circuitry and the Option 10 GPIB circuitry. Tests spe-Cifically applicable to Option 10 are integrated into the power -up tests for the host OSCilloscope and likewise con-sist of two main parts: Kernel tests and a Confidence test.

Kernel Tests

The Option 10 memory (ROM) is checked by standard instrument Kernel tests. Kernel test failures will result in an

~"'- attempt to flash the front-panel A SWP TRIG'D indicator. ,~~ \j,

Even with a Kernel failure, pressing in the NB TRIG switch may still place the instrument in the normal operating mode. However, if the operating mode is successfully en-tered. instrument operation maybe unpredictable.

NOTE

On some instruments with other options installed, the AlB TRIG button may be labeled AlB/MENU.

Confidence Test

Failure of the GPIB Confidence test during power-up is indicated in the bottom line of the crt rea(.tout. The failure display has the following format:

GP TEST 11 FAIL YY

where YY represents the code for the failed test segment.

A Confidence test failure may not render the GPIB inter-face inoperable. Pressing in the NB TRIG button may still place the instrument into the normal operating mode; how-ever, it may not meet all OPIB specifications.

Successful Power-Up Sequencing

When the power-up routine is successfully completed without a failure indication, five instrument events occur:

1. The oscilloscope enters the normal operating mode.

2. The GPIB interface enters the Local State (LaCS).

3. The GPIB interface asserts Service Request (SRO).

4. The oscilloscope functions are set to the values which were established at least 15 seconds before the in-strument was last turned off, with front-panel switch settings taking precedence.

5. The OPIB interface responds to a controller's serial poll with a status byte of 65 (decimal), meaning that all tests were successful and power is on.

The instrument is now ready to make measurements as required.

Unsuccessful Power-Up Sequencing

If power-up tests fail, four instrument events occur:

1. The oscilloscope does not enter the normal operating mode.

2. The GPIB interface enters the Local State (LaCS).

3. The GPIB interface asserts Service Request (SRO).

4. The GPIB interface responds to a controller's serial poll with a status byte of 65 (decimal), meaning that power is on.

As explained in preceding paragraphs, it may be possi-ble. after a power-up test failure, to place the instrument into the normal operating mode by pressing in the AlB TRIG switch. If it then functions adequately for your particular measurement requirement, the instrument can be used, but refer It to a qualified service technician for repair of the prob-lem as soon as possible.

POWER-DOWN SEQUENCE

There are no special sequences aSsociated with powering down the instrument. When the POWER switch is set to OFF, the instrument powers down and SRO is not asserted.

3·1


CONTROLLING OSCILLOSCOPE FUNCTIONS OVER THE GPIB

INTRODUCTION

This section provides information for controlling the TEKTRONIX 2445 and 2465 Oscilloscopes via the IEEE Std 488·1978 digital interface. With Option 10 instaUed. all basic instrument functions (as explained in the oscinoscope Oper-ators Manual) remain unchanged, Consult the oscilloscope Operators Manual to acquire a thorough understanding of the operation of the basic instrument before trying to control it via the GPIB.

All measurement results returned by GPIB commands have the same accuracy as the main instrument or instru-ment option being accessed by the GPIB interface.

GPIB PARAMETER SELECTION

After power-up sequencing is complete and the oscillo-scope is in the normal operating mode, selection of GPIB parameters (primary address, message terminator, and talk/listen mode) can be made.

Primary Address

The selected GPIB address establishes both the primary talk and listen addresses for the oscilloscope. It can be set to any value between 0 and 31, inclusive.

NOTE

Option 10 has no provisions for secondary addressing as defined by ANSI/IEEE Std488-1978.

With an address of 31, the option still presents an active load but does not respond to nor interfere with any bus traffic. This feature is useful for changing the instrument's status without turning off the oscilloscope's power.

Perform the following procedl/re to either set or change the primary GPIB address:

1. Hold in both the AV and At switches while pushing the TRIGGER SLOPE switch to access diagnostic mode.

REV JUL 1964

2. Repeatedly push up on the TRIGGER MODE switch until GP EXER 11 appears in the bottom line of the crt readout.

3. Push up on the TRIGGER COUPLING switch to initi-ate the routine.

4. Rotate the A control until the desired address is dis-played in the top row of the crt readout; for example:

GPIB ADDRESS 29

NOTE

Trying to select an address outside the range of 0 to 31 will cause LIMIT to appear on the top right side of the crt display.

5. Push down on the TRIGGER COUPLING switch to end the routine and update the stored copy of the address to its new value.

6. Push the NB TRIG switch (or the A/B/MENU switch, if applicable) to exit diagnostic mode.

Input End-of-Message Terminator and Talk/Listen Mode

The end·of-message terminator can be selected to be either the End-or -Identify (EOI) interface signal or the Une-Feed (LF) character.

When EOI (normal mode) is selected as the terminator, the option will:

• Accept only EOI as the end-of-message terminator.

• Assert EOI concurrently with the last byte of a message.

When LF is selected as the terminator, the option will:

• Accept either LF or EOI as the end-of-message terminator.

• Send Carriage Retum (CR) followed by LF at the end of every message, with EOI asserted concurrently with the LF.

4-1

Controlling Oscilloscope Functions Over the GPIB 2445/2465 Option 10 Operators

Two talk/listen modes are selectable:

• TALK LISTEN mode allows the oscilloscope to both send and receive data over the GPIB.

• LISTEN ONLY mode permits the oscilloscope to only receive data over the GPIB.

The default mode is TALK LISTEN.

To select or change the end-at-message terminator and the talk/listen modes perform the following procedure:

1. Hold in both the t:N and At buttons while pushing the TRIGGER SLOPE switch to access the diagnostic mode.

2. Repeatedly push up on the TRIGGER MODE switch until GP EXER 12 appears in the bottom line of the crt readout.

3. Push up on the TRIGGER COUPLING switch to initi-ate the routine.

4. Push the TRIGGER MODE switch up repeatedly until the desired terminator appears in the top line of the crt readout. Push the TRIGGER SOURCE switch up repeatedly until the desired Talk/Usten mode appears in the top line of the crt readout. Four terminator/mode combinations are available:

TERMINATOR EOI MODE TALK LISTEN

or

TERMINATOR LF MODE TALK LISTEN

or

TERMINATOR EOI MODE LISTEN ONLY

or

TERMINATOR LF MOOE LISTEN ONLY

5. Push down on the TRIGGER COUPLING switch to end the routine and update the stored copy of the settings.

6. Push the AlB TRIG switch (or the AlB/MENU switch, if applicable) to exit diagnostic mode.

MESSAGES AND COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL

The GPIB Option commands can set the instrument op· erating mode, query the results of measurements made, or query the state of the oscilloscope. These commands are

4-2

specified in mnemonics that are related to the functions in· tended to be implemented. For example, the command INlt initializes instrument settings to states that would exist if the instrument's power was cycled. To further facilitate pro· gramming, command mnemonics are similar to front-panel control names.

Commands

Commands for the 2445 and 2465 Oscilloscopes, like those for other Tektronix GPIB·controllable instruments, fol· low the conventions established in a Tektronix Codes and Formats Standard. The command words were chosen to be as understandable as possible, while still allowing a familiar user to shorten them as much as necessary, as long as the result is unambiguous. Syntax is also standardized to make the commands eaSier to learn.

In the command lists (Tables 4-2 through 4-7), headers and arguments are listed in a combination of uppercase and lowercase characters. The instrument accepts any abbrevi-ated header or argument containing at least the characters shown in uppercase. Any characters added to the abbrevi-ated (uppercase) version must be those shown in lower-case. For a query, the question mark must immediately follow the header. For example, any of the following formats are acceptable:

VMO? VMOd? VMOde?

Headers

A command consists of at least a header. Each corn· mand has a unique header, which may be all that is needed to invoke a command; e.g.,

NORmal GO

Arguments

Some commands require the addition of arguments to the headers to describe e~actly what is to be done. If there is more to the command than just the header (including the question mark if it is a query), then the header must be followed by at least one space.

In some cases, the argument is either a Single word or a numeric value; e.g.,

DELay 1.0E-03 HMOde XY

In other cases, the argument itself requires another argu-ment. When a second argument is required, a colon must separate the two arguments; e.g.,

CH1 VOLts:10 ATRigger MODe:AUTOLevel

Where a header has multiple arguments, the arguments (or argument pairs, if the argument has its own argument) must be separated by commas; e,g.,

CH1 VOLts:10,COUpling:DC,POSition:1.2 VMOde CH1:OFF,CH2:0N,ADO:ON

Command Separator

It is possible to put multiple commands into one message by separating the individual commands with a semicolon; e.g.,

CH1 VOLTS:10.COUPLlNG:DCjVMOOE ADD:ON

Message Terminator

As previously explained, messages may be terminated with either EOI or LF. Some controllers assert EOI concur-rently with the last data byte; ot~rs use only the IF charac-ter as a terminator. The GPIB interface can be set to accept either terminator. With EOI selected, the instrument inter-prets a data byte received with eOI asserted as the end of the input message; it also assert$ EOI concurrently With the last byte of an output message~ With the LF setting. the instrument interprets the IF char~ter without EOI asserted {or any data byte received with EOI asserted} as the end of an input message; it transmits a Carriage Return character followed by Una Feed (LF with EOI asserted) to terminate output messages.


Command Formatting

Commands sent to the oscilloscope must have the proper format (syntax) to be understood; however, this for-mat is flexible in that many variations are acceptable. The following paragraphs describe this format and the accept-able variations.

The OSCilloscope expects all commands to be encoded as either uppercase or lowercase ASCII characters. All data output is in uppercase.

Spaces, Carriage Returns, and Unefeeds are all format-ting characters that can be used to enhance the readability of command sequences. As a general rule, these characters can be placed either after commas and semicolons or after the space that follows a header.

Numeric Arguments

Table 4-1 depicts the number formats for numeric argu-ments in the GPIB command set. As shown in the table, both signed and unSigned numbers are accepted; but un-signed numbers are interpreted to be positive.

The symbol indicates that any of the three for-mats is allowed. When only one specific format is permitted, it is represented by nr1, nr2, or nr3.

Table 4-1

Numeric Argument Format for GPIS Commands

Numeric Argument Symbol Number Format Examples .

Integers +1,2, -1, -10


GPIB COMMAND LISTS

Tables 4-2 through 4-7 describe all GPIB commands available in 2445 and 2465 Oscilloscopes equipped with only the GPIB Option. The first column lists the name (or header) of the command. The capitalized letters must be present to identify the command, while those shown in low-ercase are optional. The second column lists arguments that can be associated with the command. The third column lists arguments associated with the first argument. Finally. de-scriptions of each command and its arguments are con-tained in the last column.

One or more arguments. separated by commas. may be given in a query to request only the information wanted. For example,

CH1? COUpling,VARiable

Instrument commands are presented in tables divided into the following functional groups:

COMMAND TABLE INDEX Page

Vertical Commands .......................... 4-4 Horizontal Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-6 Trigger Commands .......................... 4-7 Delay and Delta Commands ................... 4-9 System Commands .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-10 Calibration and Diagnostic Commands ... . . . . . . .. 4-12

Other 2445 and 2465 options (if installed) use Option 10 for GPIB access. When present, these options add their own command sets to the GPIB commands listed in Tables 4-2 through 4-7. For information on the additional GPIB command sets. consult the respective option operators manual.

Table 4-2 Vertical Commands

Header Argument Argument Description

CH1 Selects Channel 1 vertical parameters.

COUpling: AC Sets Vertical Coupling to the selected mode. DC FIFTY GND

POSition: Sets Vertical Position to the value of in divisions. Range is ± 10 divisions, with center screen at O.

VARiable: Sets Vertical Volts/Div Var gain control circuitry to the value of . Values range from 0 to 10 and are not calibrated. Zero represents the calibrated position.

VOlts: Sets Vertical Volts/Div gain to the value ot . The argument must be valid for the installed probe. If the value does not correspond to a calibrated position. the next higher calibrated value will be used and an SRQ warning will be issued.

CH1? Query returns: CH1 VOLTS: , VAR:, POS:,

COUpling COUPL:string

POSition VARiable VOlts

PROBe PROBe must be queried explicitly, e.g., CH1? PROBe. The string returned for PROBe corresponds to. the probe attenuation coding (X1, X10, X100 or X1000).

4-4

--".

r"',

~ \ ;;'"

~. ~: "

Header

CH2

CH2?

CH3 CH3?

CH4 CH4?

VMOde

V MOde?

Argument

INVert:

INVert

BWUmit:

CHOp:

CH1:

CH2:

CH3:

CH4:

ADO:

INVert:

CHOp CH1 CH2 CH3 CH4 ADO INVert BWUmit

ON OFF

ON OFF

ON OFF

ON OFF

ON OFF

ON OFF

ON OFF

ON OFF

ON OFF

Argument

Comrolling OscilloScope Functions Over the GPIB 2445/2465 Option 10 Operators

Table 4·2 (cont)

Description

Same as CH1 plus INVert: argument.

Turns Channel 2 inversion on or off. Default is ON. This command has the same effect as VMOde INVert:string.

Same as CH1, except query also returns INV:string, where string is either ON or OFF.

Same as CH1, except COUpUng and VARiable arguments are invalid and POSition range is ± 4 divisions.

Same as CH1. except COUpting and VARiable arguments are invalid and POSition range is ± 4 divisions.

Selects channels to be displayed, chopped or alternated display mode. limited or not limited vertical bandwidth, and Channel 2 inversion. When all channels are deselected, Channel 1 is displayed.

Sets state of the bandwidth limit function. With no arguments. defaults to ON.

Selects chopped or alternate display mode. Default is ON.

Turns Channel 1 on or off. Default is ON.




Turns Channel 1 plus Channel 2 on or off. Default is ON.

Turns Channel 2 inversion on or off. Default is ON.

Query returns current state of the vertical display: VMO CH1 :string, CH2:string. CH3:string. CH4:string, ADD:string. BWL:string. INV:string, CHO:string.

4-5


Header Argument

HORizontal

ASEcdiv:

BSEcdiv:

MAGnify:

POSition:

TRACEsep:

HORizontal? ASEcdiv BSEcdiv MAGnify POSition TRACEsep

HMOde

ALTernate

ASWeep

BSWeep

Xy

HMOde?

4-6

Table 4·3 Horizontal Commands

Argument Description

ON OFF

Selects Horizontal sweep system parameters.

Selects the A sweep speed in seconds per division. Range for the 2465 is from 5E-9 to 1.5. For the 2445, range is from 10E-9 to 1.5. If the resulting speed is faster than the current B sweep, the B sweep will be set equal to the A sweep. The effects of MAGnify: are independent of ASEcdiv:. See Appendix D for additional command considerations.

Selects the B sweep speed in seconds per division. Range for the 2465 is from 5E-9 to 0.15. For the 2445, range is from 10E-9 to 0.15. The sweep speed is updated whether the B sweep is active or not. If the B sweep requested is slower than the current A sweep speed, the A sweep will be set equal to the B sweep speed. The effects of MAGnify: are independent of BSEcdiv:. See Appendix 0 for additional command considerations.

Turns the X10 hOrizontal magnification function on or off. Default is ON.

Selects the starting position of the sweep. Units are divisions from the left edge of the screen and cover a range of approximately ± 5.4 divisions.

Offsets the B sweep from the A sweep by the indicated amount. Range is from 0 to -4. and units are approximately divisions.

Query returns the current state of the horizontal selections: HOR ASE: , BSE: . MAG:string. POS: , TRACE:;, where the string is either ON or OFF.

Selects Horizontal display mode from the list. Choices are mutually exclusive.

Selects both normal and delayed sweeps for display. This is equivalent to pulling the SEC/DIV knob out.

Selects only the A sweep for display.

Selects only the B sweep for display. If both the A and the B sweeps are set to the same rate, then a settings conflict SRQ error is generated.

Selects XY mode.

Query returns: HMO string;, where the string represents one of the possible Horizontal display modes.

,~

!

Header Argument

ATRigger

MODe:

SOUrce:

COUpling:

LEVel:

SLOpe:

BENdsa:

HOLdoff:

ATRigger? COUpling LEVel MODe SLOpe SOUrce BENdsa HOLdoff

MINimum

Controlling Oscilloscope Functions Over the GAB 2445/2465 Option 10 Operators

Table 4-4 Trigger Commands


Selects the A Trigger parameters.

AUTOBaseline Selects Trigger Mode from the list of arguments. AUTOlevel NORmal SGLseq

CH1 Selects Trigger Source from the list of arguments. CH2 CH3 CH4 UNe VERtical

AC Selects Trigger Coupling Mode from the list of arguments. DC HFRej lFRej NO/serel

Sets Trigger Level in units of volts; range depends on the gain setting of the current Trigger Source. Range is ± 18 divisions when the Source is either Channel 1 or Channel 2, and ± 9 divisions when the Source is either Channel 3 or Channel 4. LINe SOUrce uses a fixed range of ± 10 divisions.

MINUs Selects Slope of the trigger signal. PLUs

ON Sets the B ENDS A TRIGGER Mode to either ON or OFF. OFF

Sets Holdoff to the value of . Range is from 0 to 10. with 0 representing minimum hoIdoff. This command is not calibrated.

Query response is: ATR BEN:string, COU:string, HOL:string, lEV: , MOD:string, SLO: string , SOU:string. Arguments TRIGO. READY,MAX, and MINI must be requested explicitly. e.g. ATR? MINI,MAX.

Query only. Returns the current minimum level of the A Trigger channel in volts: ... ,MINI: ..... Data returned by MINI is valid only in AUTO LVL and only immediately following completion of an Auto level cycle. An Auto Level cycle can be initiated by sending ATRigger MODe:AUTOLevel.

4-7


Header Argument Argument

MAXimum

TRIGO

READY

BTRigger

MODe: RUN TRIGGerabie

SOUrce: CH1 CH2 CH3 CH4 VERtical

COUpling: AC DC HFRej LFRej NOlserej

LEVel:

SLOpe: MINUs PLUs

BTRigger? COUpling LEVel MODe SLOpe SOUrce

4-8

Table 4-4 (cont)

Description

Query only. Returns the current maximum level of the A Trigger channel in volts: ...• MAX: •.... Data returned by MAX is valid only in AUTO LVL and only immediately following completion of an Auto Level cycle. An Auto Level cycle can be initiated by sending ATRigger MODe:AUTOLevel.

Query only. Determines whether TRIG'D indicator is illuminated. Returns: TRIGO: string, where string is either ON or OFF.

Query only. Determines whether the single·sequence READY indicator is illuminated. Returns: READY string, where string is either ON or OFF.

Selects the B Trigger parameters.

Selects the B Trigger Mode.

Selects the B Trigger Source.

Selects the B Trigger Coupling Mode.

Sets the Trigger Level in units of volts, with the range depending on the VOLTS/DIV switch setting of the current trigger source. Range is either ± 18 divisions when the source is either Channel 1 or Channel 2, and ± 9 divisions otherwise.

Selects slope of the trigger signal.

Query response is: BTR COU:string, LEV: . MOD:string, SLO:string, SOU:string.

Header

DELAy

DELAy?

DELTa

DELTa?

DTlme

DTlme?

DVOlts

DVOlts?

Argument

MODE:

TRACKing:

MODE TRACKing

REFerence:

DELTa:

REFerence DELTa

REFerence:

DELTa:

REFerence DELTa

Table 4-5

Controlling OsciHoscope Functions Over the GPIB 2445/2465 Option 10 Operators

Delay and Deha Commands


Sets value of the sweep delay in units of divisions. This command has the same effect as DTlME REF: . Range is from -0.05 to 9.95. The value of -0.05 is used to guarantee the ability to view A trigger events with the B Sweep.

Query returns the current delay setting in divisions: DELA . This response is not incfuded in a SET? query.

Sets parameters relating to the Delta displays.

OFF Selects a Delta mode or turns off the Delta display. PERTime TIMe VOlts

ON Turns TRACKING on or off. Default is ON. OFF

Query returns: DELT MOD:string. TRACK:string, where the first string is either OFF, PERTIME. TIME, or VOLTS. and the second is either ON or OFF.

Sets position of the first Delta Time cursor in units of divisions. Left edge of the display corresponds to -0.05, and the maximum value is 9.95. If TRACKING is on, the second cursor will also attempt to move.

Sets position of the second Delta TIme cursor relative to the first cursor in units of divisions. Range depends on the current position of the first cursor.

Query returns the current Datta Time settings: DTI REF:. DELT:.

Sets position of the first Delta Volts cursor in units of divisions. The center of the display corresponds to zero, and the range is ± 4. If TRACKING is on, the second cursor will alsoatternpt to move.

Sets position of the second Datta Volts cursor relative to the first cursor in units of divisions. Range depends on the current position of the first cursor.

Query returns the current Delta settings: DVO REF: , DELT:.

4·9

----------------------_._-------------------------------


Header Argument

ERRor?

EVEnt?

tD?

INlt

LLMessage % ...

LLMessage?

4·10

Table 4-6 System Commands


Query returns: ERR ;. Response is identical to EVEnt? query. Command is included for compatibility with earlier instruments.

Query returns: EVE ; where is the most severe of the currently existing errors. Errors are prioritized into three levels, but only the most recent error is maintained for each level. If there is no error pending, 0 is returned. A list of other codes can be found in Appendix B.

Query returns: ID TEK/24w5.V81.1 ,SYS:FVx, BB:FVy, [string:FV .] GPIB:,FVz; Where w is either 4 or 6; x, y, and z are the version numbers of the oscilloscope, Buffer board, and GPIB option, respectively; and the section in brackets is repeated for each installed option. String V81.1 indicates that the GPIB interface is compatible with the V81.1 version of the Tektronix Codes and Formats standard.

Causes the instrument and all options (except the GPIB message processor) to go to an initialized state equivalent to a power-up condition. All internal settings will agree with the front·panel switch settings. Since the GPIB message processor is not initialized, GPIB system-command states (Ope, RQS, WARning, and LONgform) are not initialized. Commands following INlt in the same message may not be executed. This command should be immediately followed with EOI.

This command allows the character equivalent of a binary block to be written t.e the top line of the crt readout. The binary block must be in the same format as data returned by the LLMessage? query. The following TEKTRONIX 4050 series controller statements will write HELLO in large letters on the crt readout of an oscilloscope with a GPIB address of 1.

100 DIM H(19) 1101=33 120 READ H 130 WBYTE @I:H 140 DATA 76.76.77,32,37,0,11,162,161 150 DATA 210,209,174,173,174,173,186 160 DATA 185,230,-59

See Appendix E for a description of the character set available for use with this command.

Returns the contents of the top line of the crt readout. Response is a binary block of data in the form: LLM % ... . The first two bytes following the % character are a ,6·bit count of the bytes that follow. The last byte of the block is the two's complement of the least significant byte of the sum of data bytes.

~\ ~: ':

-:-:, Header

LL$et

LLSet?

MESsage

MESsage?

OPC

OPC?

READOut

READOut?

RQS

RQS?

SEttings?

Argument Argument

% ....

·string~

ON OFF

ON OFF

ON OFF

Controlling Oscilloscope Functions OYer the GPIB 2445/2465 Option 10 Operators

Table 4-6 (cont)

Description

Returns the oscilloscope to a previous setup. The data can only be generated by a LLSet? query.

Querles instrument settings. Response is a block of binary data in the form: LLSET "/ .. ... ,% ... , ... The number of blocks depends on the installed oscilloscope options. The first two bytes following the % character are a 16-bit count of the bytes that follow. Each % block has its own count. The last byte of the block is the two's complement of the least significant byte of the sum of data bytes.

This command will allow strings to be written to the top line of the crt. Up to 32 symbols may be displayed at one time. The string must be enclosed in quotes. See Appendix C for a description of the character set available for use with this command.

Returns an ASCII representation of the top line of the display: MES • message" , where the message may be more than 32 characters due to character translations (See Appendix C).

When enabled, the instrument will assert SRQ on completion of certain commands. Only diagnostic commands and some options assert OPC service requests. Default is ON with no argument, but initializes to OFF at power-up.

Query returns either: OPC ON or OPC OFF.

Turns the crt SCALE FACTORS readout ON or OFF. Default is ON.

Query returns state of the SCALE FACTORS readout: READO string, where string is either ON or OFF.

When enabled, the instrument will assert SRQ on detection of an error condition. Default is ON, with no argument, and initializes to ON at power-up.

Query returns either: RQS ON or RQS OFF.

Queries instrument settings. Response is an ASCII string that can be sent to the instrument to return it to the state it was when the query was received. The ASCII string consists of a series of properly formatted.commands, which should not be preceded by SETtings when sent back to the instrument.

NOTE

The SETtings? query will have an inconsistency when using variable sweep speeds. If the variable is used to set the A Sweep slower than the next slowest sweep speed, transfers via SETtings? will result in the vari-able being attached to the B Sweep, and the A Sweep wiN be set to its next slowest sweep speed.

4-11

Controlling Oscilloscope Functions Over the GPIB 2445/24&5 Option 10 Operators


LONgform ON OFF

LONgform?

WARning ON OFF

WARning?

Table 4-& (cont)

Description

When LONgform is ON, all queries will respond with the full length versions of commands. When LONgform is OFF. the shortest acceptable version of commands are used in query responses. Default is OFF.

Query returns either: LONGFORM ON or LONG OFF.

When enabled. the instrument asserts SRQ on detection of a warning condition. Default is ON, with no argument. and initializes to ON at power-up.

Query returns either: WARN ON or WARN OFF.

Table 4·7 Calibration and Diagnostic Commands


BALance

CAlibrate

Description

Causes the oscilloscope to initiate its Automatic Balance procedure. An automatic initialization (see INlt) will occur after BALance. Available only from normal mode, not Diagnostic.

Causes oscilloscope to go to Diagnostic mode and the Calibration routine indicated by the arguments. The first argument represents the option and is the most significant digit of the displayed routine number. The second represents the routine number and is the least significant digit of the displayed routine number. The option numbers are shown in hexadecimal in the crt readout of the Diagnostic menu. Option numbers are:

Standard OSCilloscope 0 Option 10 (GPIB) 1 Option 05 (TV) 6 Option 01 (DMM) 7 Option 06 (C/T/T) 8 Option 09 (Word Recognizer) 8 Buffer Board 15


Table 4·7 (cont)

Header Argument Argument Description

GO Causes the currently selected CALIBRATION, EXERCISE, or TEST routine to begin execution. This command has the same effect as pushing up on the TRIGGER COUPLING switch when in Diagnostic mode.

LOOping ON When in Diagnostic mode, this command causes looping of OFF diagnostics to be either enabled or disabled. Default is ON.

LOOping? Query returns: lOO string; where string is either ON or OFF.

NORmal Causes instrument to exit Diagnostic mode. It has no effect if already in normal mode. Commands following NORmal in the same message may not be executed. It is recommended that NORmal be immediately followed with EOL

STEp Causes the currently executing Diagnostic routine to proceed to its next step.

STEp? Query returns: STEP ; where nr1 is the current step.

STOp Causes the currently executing Diagnostic routine to stop executing and return control to the Diagnostic monitor. This command should not be used to exit EXErcise 1: 1 and EXErcise 1:2.

TESt : Controls Diagnostic mode test sequences. The first argument represents the option, and the second is the routine number. See CAUbrate command for option numbers.

TESt? : Executes the requested test and returns the test's status value: TES . Zero is returned for a passed test.

REMOTE-LOCAL OPERATING STATES Local With Lockout State (LWLS)

The following paragraphs describe the four operating states of the Option 10 instrument: Local, Local With lock-out, Remote, and Remote With Lockout.

The oscilloscope operates the same as it does in lOCS, except that manual manipulation of front-panel controls will not cause the instrument to return to the Local State. The interface will enter the Remote With Lockout State (RWLS) if it receives its listen address (MLA).

Local State (LOCS)

In lOCS, instrument parameters are both set and changed manually by operator manipulation of the front-panel controls. Only IEEE-488 interface messages can be received and executed. Device-d$pendent commands (with-out REN asserted) will cause SRQ errors since their func-tions are under front-panel control while in LOCS. Additional information about GPIB errors is contained in Appendix B.

Remote State (REMS)

In this state, the oscilloscope executes all commands ad-dressed to it over the GPIB. Front-panel indicators and crt readouts are updated as applicable when commands are executed. Manually changing any GPIB-controllable front-panel control causes the instrument to return to the Local State.

4-13


Remote With Lockout State (RWLS)

In RWlS, oscilloscope operatlon is identical to REMS operation, except that manual manipulation of any front-panel control does not change the previously established value of that parameter.

INSTRUMENT RESPONSE TO INTERFACE MESSAGES

The following paragraphs explain effects on the oscillo-scope of standard interface messages received from a re-mote controller. Message abbreviations used are from ANSI/IEEE Std 488-1978.

Local Lockout (LLO)

In response to the local lockout (llO) message, the instrument assumes a lockout state in accordance with the following table:

Before LLO After llO

local State (LaCS) Local With lockout State (LWLS)

Remote State (REMS) Remote With lockout State (RWLS)

Remote Enable (REN)

When the Remote Enable (REN) line is asserted and the instrument receives its listen address, the oscilloscope is placed in either the Remote State (REMS) or the Remote With lockout State (RWLS). When in either remote state, the oscilloscope's REM indicator is illuminated.

Disasserting the REN line causes a transition from any state to laCS; the instrument remains in laCS as long as REN is false. The transition may occur after processing of a different message has begun. In this case. execution of the message being processed is not interrupted by the transition.

Go To local (GTl)

Instruments that are already listen-addressed respond to the Go To local message (GTL) by assuming a local state. Remote-te-Iocal transitions caused by GTl do not affect the execution of any message being processed when GTl was received.

4-14

My Listen and My Talk Addresses (MLA and MTA)

The primary Talk/Usten address is established as previ-ously explained in this section.

Unlisten (UNL) and Untalk (UNT)

When the Unlisten (UNl) message is received, the oscil-loscope's listen function is placed in an idle (unaddressed) state. In the idle state, the instrument will not accept com-mands over the GPIB.

The talk function is placed in an idle state when the oscil-loscope receives the Untalk (UNT) message. In this state, the instrument cannot transmit data via the GPIB.

Interface Clear (IFC)

When the Interface Clear (IFC) line is asserted, both the Talk and Usten functions are placed in an idle state and the front-panel REM indicator is turned off. This produces the same effect as receiving both the UNl and the UNT messages.

Device Clear (DCl)

The Device Clear (DCl) message reinitializes communi· cation between the instrument and the controller. In re-sponse to DCl, the instrument clears any input and output messages as well as any unexecuted control settings. Also cleared are any errors and events waiting to be reported (except the power-On event). If the SRQ line is asserted for any reason (other than power-on), it becomes unasserted when the DCl message is received.

Selected Device Clear (SDC)

This message performs the same function as DCl; how-ever, only instruments that have been listen-addressed re-spond to SDC.

Serial Poll Enable and Disable (SPE and SPD)

The Serial Poll Enable (SPE) message causes the instru-ment to transmit its serial-poll status byte when it is talk-addressed. The Serial Poll Disable (SPD) message switches the instrument back to its normal operation.

PROGRAMMING

Programming considerations and program examples are provided in this part to assist you in developing your own unique programs for controlling 2445 and 2465 Oscillo-scopes over the GPIB. Program examples were designed using TEKTRONIX 4050-series and TEKTRONIX 4041 con-trollers with 2445 and 2465 Oscilloscopes containing Option 10. While programming was done using Tektronix control· lers, other controllers capable of being programmed to per-form the same functions can also be used.

Before a program can be used for controning the oscillo-scope, the GPIB parameters (primary address, message terminator, and talk/listen mode} must be set. Section 3, "GPIB Preparation for Use", contains the procedures de-scribing how these parameters are selected and set at the oscilloscope.

Programs are usually composed of two main parts (or routines). which can be generally categorized as a command handler and a service-request handler.

Command Handler

Basically. a command handler should establish communi· cation between the controller and oscilloscope, send com-mands and queries to the oscillOscope, receive responses from the OScilloscope, and display responses as required. The following outline indicates the general sequence of func-tions that the command-handling routine should perform to accommodate communications between the controller and oscilloscope over the GPIB.

1. Initialize the controller.

2. Disable the service-request handler until the program is ready to handle them.

3. Get the GPIB address of the oscilloscope.

4. Enable the service-request handler.

5. Get the command to send to the oscHIoscope.

6. Send the command to the oscilloscope.

7. Check for a response from the OSCilloscope.

8. If there is a response, perform the desired function.

9. You are ready for a new command. Repeat the func-tions in statements 5 through 9 as many times as desired.


Service-Request Handler

The typical service-request handler routine contains the necessary instructions to permit proper processing of inter-rupts. For example, whenever power-on occurs, the oscillo-scope asserts an SRO interrupt. If a GPIB program is operating on the controller when a power-on SRO is re-ceived, the program should be able to determine that the oscilloscope's power was interrupted at some time during program operation. This event could cause improper pro-gram execution, unless the program was written to ade-quately handle the possibility of a power-on SRO occurring.

Other interrupts (or events) for which the oscilloscope asserts SRO are identified in Appendix B.

~hile some controllers have the capability of ignoring service requests, others require that all SROs be managed. The programmer should understand the controller being used. If service requests are to be handled in the program, the interrupts must first be enabled.

A service-request handler routine can be developed to service interrupts when they occur during program opera-tion. It basically should consist of an interrupt-enabling statement (ON SRO) near the beginning of the program and a serial-poll subroutine somewhere in the program. The ON SRO statement directs program control to the serial-poll subroutine whenever an SRO interrupt occurs. For each in-terrupt received by the controller, the program should per-form a serial.poll subroutine.

The following general steps are required to handle ser-vice requests from the oscilloscope:

1. Perform a serial poll.

2. Send an EVENT? query to the oscilloscope requesting service.

3. If the EVENT? query response is not zero, then per-form the desired response to the event.

4. Return to the main program.

Sample Program A

The program that follows is written to run on TEKTRONIX 4050-series controllers. It first asks for the GPIB address of the oscilloscope, then repeatedly asks for a command to be entered. When a command is entered at the controller, the program sends it to the oscilloscope. Any response from the oscilloscope is printed on the controller'S display. If there are any service requests, a serial poll is

4-15


performed. The service request and the EVENT codes are then printed before returning to the main part of the program.

100 REM Program to send commands and queries

to and receive 110 REM responses from TEKTRONIX 2445 and

2465 Oscilloscopes

120 INIT

125 PAGE 130 REM Disable SRQ Handler until ready

140 ON SRQ THEN 570 150 REM" Page when screen is full * 160 PRINT @32,26:2

170 REM

180 REM 190 PRINT "Enter address of the

oscilloscope .;

200 REM" Get address and put in variable A * 210 INPUT A

220 REM * Enable SRQ handler • 230 ON SRQ THEN 440

235 DIM S$ (2000 )

240 REM 250 PRINT

260 PRINT" .... * * * *" 270 PRINT • ENTER COMMAND OR QUERY: "; 280 REM * Put command or query in string Z$ ., 290 INPUT Z$ 300 REM * Send string Z$ to the oscilloscope ..

310 PRINT @AtZ$ 320 REM * Get response (if any) and put in

string S$ * 330INPUT@A:S$ 340 REM *" Check if there is a response .. 350 REM" It not then ready to send another

command or query * 360 REM" It yes then print the response * 370 IF LEN (S$ )=0 THEN 250

380 PRINT 390 PRINT "RESPONSE FROM THE OSCILLOSCOPE

IS I • 400 PRINT S$ 410 REM * Ready to send another command or

query * 420 GO TO 250 430 REM * .. ., SRQ HANDLER .... * 440 POLL D,C;A 450 REM * Look for an Event and put Event in E * 460 REM * It EVENT=O then no error • 470 REM ..

and 480 REM ..

EVENT NO.

490 REM ..

4·16

It EVENTO then warn the user

print SRQ Code and

500 PRINT @A: "EVENTP

510 INPUT @AIE

520 IF E=O THEN 570 530 PRINT • ERROR - SRQ CODE .;

540 PRINT C;

550 PRINT • - EVENT NO •• ;

560 PRINT E

570 RETURN

Sample Program B

The program example that follows performs functions similar to Sample Program A. but is written to run on a TEKTRONIX 4041 controller.

100 Program to send commands and

queries to and receive 110 responses from TEKTRONIX 2445 and

2465 Oscilloscopes

120 130 Init all 140 Disable SRQ handler until ready

150 Disable srq

160 Get address of the oscilloscope 170 Print "Enter the GPIB address of the

2445/65: .;

180 Input addr$

190 ! Set up physi cal and logi cal uni t -

200 ! Set up so only EOI can terminate the

210 220

230

communication.

Set driver "gpibO(eom= ):" Open

#1:"gpibO(pri="&addr$&",eom= ):"

240 250 Enable SRQ handler

260 On srq then gosub srqhdl

270 Enable srq

280 290 Repeat: ! Sending command or query 300 Print .0._*." 310 Print

Print "Enter command or query

Get the command

Input a$ Send command or query to scope Print #l:a$ Get response if there is any

DIM resp$ to 2000 Input #11 resp$

Print

... . . 320 330 340

350 360 370

380 390 400 410 It' no response then prompt for another

command 420 If len (resp$ }=O then goto repeat

REV JUL 1984

r

430 ! If yes then print the response

440 Print "Response from the oscilloscope

iss" 450 Print resp$

460 Goto repeat

470 Srqhdl t ! routine to handle the srq

480 Poll stb,dev

490 Print #dev:"event?"

500 Get event number

510 Input #dev:event

520 Print "Instrument #";dev;"

status byte = ";stb;", event = ":event 530 Resume

Using SETtings? and LLSet? Queries

Using the SETtings? and LLSet? queries simplifies pro-gramming. These queries return a string that, in turn, can be sent back to the oscilloscope to set its front-panel param-eters to the values that existed when the query was received.

The string returned from the SETtings? query is in user-readable ASCII and allows easy verification by the program-mer. When simply sent back to the instrument using no other command, this string will return the instrument param-eters to the previous state.

The LLSet? query returns a binary string that is not eas-ily read by the programmer, but is much shorter. It therefore allows faster instrument setup using the LLSet command. This binary string, returned via the LLSet? query, may only be sent back to the instrument USing the LLSet command.

Sample Program C

The following program illustrates use of the LLSet com-mand and query to transfer the front-panel control set up from one 2445/2465 Oscilloscope to another. It is written for use on TEKTRONIX 4050-series GPIB controllers.

4 GOTO 100

100 INIT

110 ON SRQ THEN 720

120 REM: DISABLE SRQ HANDLER UNTIL READY

130 PAGE

140 PRINT "THIS PROGRAM TRANSFERS A

FRONT-PANEL SETUP FROM ONE"

150 PRINT" 2445/2465 TO ANOTHER 2445/2465."

160 PRINT

170 PRINT .. SET THE GPIB ADDRESS OF THE

'REFERENCE' INSTRUMENT TO 2. AND"

180 PRINT" THE ADDRESS OF THE' INSTRUMENT TO BE

SET UP' TO 4.·

REV JUL 1984


190 PRINT

200 PRINT "PRESS RETURN TO CONTINUE"

210 INPUT 1$

220 X=2

230 REM: X= ADDRESS OF • REFERENCE' INSTRUMENT

240 Y=4 250 REM: Y= ADDRESS OF ! INSTRUMENT TO BE

SET UP'

260 ON SRQ THEN 570

270 REM: ENABLE SRQ HANDLER

280 DELETE 1"

290 DIM 1" (400 )

300 REM: DIMENSION II' LARGE ENOUGH TO HANDLE ANY

POSSIBLE SETUP

310 F=O 320 PRINT @X: "LLSET?"

330 REM: TELL THE 2445/2465 TO SEND A BINARY

PANEL SETUP

340 WBYTE @64+X I

350 REM: ASSIGN DEVICE #X ON THE BUS TO BE

A TALKER

360 c=o 370 REM. INITIALIZE COUNTER

380 REM: T= TEMPORARY STORAGE FOR INCOMING

BYTE

390 RBYTE T

400 REM: READ IN A BYTE

410 C=C+l

420 REM: INCREMENT COUNTER

4301" (C )=T 440 REM: STORE BYTE IN ARRAY

450 IF T


640 REM: GET "EVENT" RESPONSE IF DEVICE #X

ASSERTED SRQ

650INPUT@X:D

660 PRINT • INSTRUMENT #" ;X;" STATUS BYTE ::: • ; B ; .. • EVENT ::: .; D

670 RETURN

680 PRINT @Y: "EVENTP

690 REM: GET "EVENT" RESPONSE IF DEVICE #Y

ASSERTED SRQ.

700 INPUT @Y:D

710 PRINT "INSTRUMENT #" ;Y;" STATUS BYTE = .. ; B ; ., EVENT :: .; D

720 RETURN

Sample Program D

The following program is similar to Sample Program C, except that it is written for use on the TEKTRONIX 4041 controller. It assumes a terminal has been connected to the 4041 and is properly set up. The 4041 technical manuals should be consulted for complete information regarding 4041 operation and programming.

100 ! PROGRAM TO TRANSFER A FRONT-PANEL SETUP

FROM ONE 2445/2465 TO

110 ! ANOTHER 2445/2465. 120

130 INIT ALL

140 D I SABLE SRQ

150

220

230 PRINT

240 PRINT "SET THE GPIB ADDRESS OF THE

'REFERENCE' INSTRUMENT TO 2. •

250 PRINT • AND THE ADDRESS OF THE

• INSTRUMENT TO BE SET UP' TO 4.·

260 PRINT

270 REF$="2"

280 SET$="4"

290 300 SET UP PHYSICAL AND LOGICAL UNITS -

310 SET UP TERMINATOR FOR EOI

320

330

340

SET DRIVER • GPIBO (EOM=

Reset Under GPIB Control

The oscillOSCOpe may be set to its power..up state by sending the INlt command via the GPIB. This command al-ways initiates the power -up self tests. On completion of power-up tests, SAQ code 65 (operation complete) is gener-ated, and the oscilloscope enters the normal operating


state. If there is a self-test error, the option also generates SRO code 65 and does not shift the instrument to the nor-mal operating state (see "Power-up Sequence", Section 3). Invoking the INlt command can simplify a program. When using INlt, fewer commands will usually be needed to set the instrument state, since all front-panel settings may not need to be individually specified.

4-19

Header

CH1

CH1?

CH2

CH2?

CH3 CH3?

CH4 CH4?

VMOde

VMOde?

APPENDIX A

Appendix A 2445/2465 Option 10 Operators

GPIB COMMAND REFERENCE

Table A-1 GPIB Command Summary

Argument Argument Header

Vertical Commands

COUpling: AC HORizontal DC FIFTY GNO

POSition: VARiable: VOlts:

HORizontal?

PROBe HMOde

INVert: ON OFF HMOde?

ATRigger

BWUmit: ON OFF

CHOp: ON OFF

CH1: ON OFF

CH2: ON OFF

CH3: ON OFF

CH4: ON OFF

ADD: ON OFF

INVert: ON OFF

ATRigger?

Table A-1 (cont) GPIB Command Summary

Argument Argument

Horizontal Commands

ASEcdiv: BSEcdiv: MAGnify: ON

OFF POSition: TRACEsep:

ALTernate ASWeep BSWeep XY

Trigger Commands

MODe: AUTOBaseline AUTOLevel NORmal SGLseq

SOUrce: CH1 CH2 CH3 CH4 LINe VERtical


LEVel: SLOpe: MINUs

PLUS BENdsa: ON

OFF HOLdoff:

MINimum MAXimum TRIGO? REAdy?

A-1

Appendix A 2445/2465 Option 10 Operators

Header

BTRigger

BTRigger?

DELAy DELAy?

DELTa

DELTa?

DTlme

DTlme?

DVOlts

DVOlts?

ERRor?

EVEnt?

ID?

INlt

A-2


Argument Argument

MODe: RUN TRIGGerabie

SOUrce: CH1 CH2 CH3 CH4 VERtical


LEVel: SLOpe: MINUs

PLUS

Delay and Delta Commands

MODE: OFF PERTime TIMe VOlts

TRACKing: ON OFF

MODE TRACKing

REFerence: DELTa:

REFerence DELTa

REFerence: DELTa:

REFerence DELTa

System Commands

Header

LLMessage LLMessage?

LLSet LLSet?

MESsage MESsage?

OPC

OPC?

REAdout

REAdout?

RQS

RQS?

SETtings?

LONgform

LONgform

WARning

WARning?


Argument

% ...

Argument

% ... ,% ...

"string"

ON OFF

ON OFF

ON OFF

ON OFF

ON OFF

Calibration and Diagnostic Commands

BALance

CAlibrate :

GO

LOOping ON OFF

LOOping?

NORmal

STEp STEp?

STOp

TESt : TESt? :

REV JUL 1984

Appendix B 2445/2465 Option 10 Operators

APPENDIX B

STATUS AND ERROR REPORTING

The status and error reporting system used by the GPIB Option interrupts the bus controller by asserting the Service Request (SRO) line on the GPIB. This SRO provides the means of indicating that an event (either a change in status or an error) has occurred. To service a request, the control-ler performs a Serial Poll; in response, the instrument re-turns a Status Byte (STB), which indicates the type of event that occurred. Bit 4 of the Serial-Poll Status Byte is used to indicate that the command processor is active. This bit will be set when the command processor is executing a com-mand, and reset when it is not. the Status Byte, therefore, provides a limited amount of information about the specific cause of the SRO. The various status events and errors that can occur are divided into several categories as defined in Table B-1.

Each serial poll can in turn cause a second SRO asser-tion, if more than one error exists. The most serious error at the time of the serial poll is the reported error. An EVEnt? query returns a number which can be used as an index to the specific type of error that occurred. Table B-2 lists the Serial-Poll Status Bytes and the associated EVEnt? codes generated by the GPIB Option.

If there is more than one event to be reported, the instru-ment reasserts SRO until it reports all events. Each event is automatically cleared when it is reported via serial poll. The Device Clear (DCl) interface message may be used to dear all events, except the power-on event.

Table B-1 Status Event and Error Categories

Category Serial-Poll Description StatusByte·

Command Error 97 or 113 The instrument received a command that it cannot understand.

Execution Error 98 or 114 The instrument received a command that it cannot execute. This is caused by either out-of-range arguments or settings that conflict.

Internal Error 99 or 115 The instrument detected a hardware condition or a firmware problem that prevents operation.

System Events 65-67 and 81-83 Events common to instruments in a system (e.g., Power-on and User Request).

Execution Error Warning 101 or 117 The instrument received a command and is executing it. but a potential problem may exist. For example, the instrument is out of range, but is sending a reading anyway.

Internal Warning 102 or 118 The instrument detected a problem. It remains operational, but the problem should be corrected (e.g., out of calibration).

Device Status o or 16, 193-238, and 209- Device-dependent events. 254

B-1


With both the ROS OFF and the WARning OFF com-mands invoked, all service requests (except the power-on SRO) are inhibited. In this mode, the EVEnt? query allows the controller to determine event status without first per-forming a serial poll. The controller may then send the EVEnt? query at any time, and the instrument returns the

code for an event waiting to be reported. The controller can clear all events by repeatedly sending the EVEnt? query un-til a zero Status Byte is returned. An alternative method for clearing all events (except power-on) is the use of the De-vice Clear (DCl) interface message.

Table B-2 GPIB Status Codes

Serial·PolI EVENT? Instrument Status Status Byte Code

00, 16 000 No status to report

65,81 401 Power on

66, 82 402 Operation complete

67, 83 403 User request

97, 113 101 Command header error

97, 113 102 Header delimiter error

97, 113 103 Command argument error

97, 113 104 Argument delimiter error

97, 113 105 Non-numeric argument, numeric expected

97. 113 106 Missing argument

97, 113 107 Invalid message-unit delimiter

97,113 108 Checksum error

97,113 109 Byte-count error

98,114 201 Remote-only command in Local mode

98,114 202 Pending settings lost on rtl

98, 114 203 1/0 deadlock detected

98,114 204 Setting conflict

98, 114 205 Argument out of range

98, 114 250 Diagnostic in progress

98, 114 251 Diagnostic step in progress

98, 114 252 In normal mode

98,114 253 Option not installed

98,114 254 Option not in correct mode

98,114 255 GPIB command lost to local override

99, 115 302 System error

99,115 350 Math pack error

B·2

.,'-"'"

"'. , .

Serial-Poll Status Byte

101, 117

102,118

193, 209

194, 210

195, 211

196,212

200, 216

201,217

231,247

232, 248

233, 249

234, 250

235, 251

236, 252

237, 253

238, 254

Table B-2 (cant) GPIB Status Codes

EVENT? Instrument Status Code

550 Warning of possible conflict

650 Warning that measurement not yet available

750 Asynchronous option error

751 Overrange error

752 No probe installed

753 Fifty-ohm overload

770 Oscilloscope test/cal/exer complete. passed

779 Oscilloscope test complete, failed

771 Option 1 measurement complete







778 Option B measurement complete


B-3

~; ~'

~i \

Appendix C 2445/2465 Option 10 Operators

APPENDIX C

MESSAGE COMMAND CHARACTER TRANSLATIONS

Character translations performed by the MESsage com-mand and query, when sending data to or receiving data from the crt readout, are indicated in Table C-1. The follow-ing notes apply:

1. ASCII values that are not specified in Table C-1 (Le., those less than 20 Hex) are ignored when sent to the readout.

2. Values in Table C-1 that have no crt equivalent are translated into spaces when sent to the display.

Table C .. 1 MESsage Command Character Translations.

ASCII CRT Description

Hex Char Readout

20 space 21 p pico 22 23 # J.l micro 24 $ m milli 25 % 0/0 percent 26 & k kilo 27 28 1/ one-over symbol 29 Ll delta 2A Llt delta t 28 + + plus symbol 2C comma 2D minus symbol 2E period 2F / slash

REV JUL 1984

3. Lowercase characters are translated into uppercase equivalents.

4. Character pairs (Le., digits followed by periods) sent to the readout are translated into single characters with embedded decimal points. The embedded deci-mal points are displayed as carets. Single characters with embedded decimal points read from the display are received as character pairs.

Table C-1 (cont) MESsage Command Character Translations.

ASCII CRT Description

Hex Char Readout

30 0 0 0 31 1 1 1 32 2 2 2 33 3 3 3 34 4 4 4 35 5 5 5 36 6 6 6 37 7 7 7 38 8 8 8 39 9 9 9 3A colon 38 3C < < less than 3D equal to 3E > > greater than 3F ? ? question mark

C-1

Appendix C 2445[2465 Option 10 Operators

Table C-l (cont) Table C-1 (cont) MESsage Command Character Translations. MESsage Command Character Translations.

ASCII CRT Description ASCII CRT Description

Hex Char Readout Hex Char Readout

40 @ 0 degrees 60 0 degrees 41 A A A 61 a A A 42 8 8 B 62 b 8 8 43 C C C 63 c C C 44 0 0 0 64 d 0 0 45 E E E 65 e E E 46 F F F 66 f F F 47 G G G 67 9 G G 48 H H H 68 h H H 49 I I I 69 i I I 4A J J J 6A j J J 48 K K K 68 k K K 4C L L L 6C I L L 40 M M M 60 m M M 4E N N N 6E n N N 4F 0 0 0 6F 0 0 0

50 P P P 70 P P P 51 Q Q Q 71 q Q Q 52 R R R 72 r R R 53 S S S 73 s S S 54 T T T 74 t T T 55 U U . U 75 u U U 56 V V V 76 v V V 57 W W W 77 w W W 58 X X X 78 x X X 59 y y y 79 Y y y SA Z Z Z 7A z Z Z 58 [ Q omega 78 { 5C \ Ih ground symbol 7C I 50 1 "" volts ac v 70 I 5E 1 r up arrow 7E - N ac symbol SF - - underscore 7F

C-2 REV AUG 1984

~,

-, '

Appendix 0 2445/2465 Option 10 Operators

APPENDIX D SWEEP SPEED COMMAND CONSIDERATIONS

Table D-1 provides information on the results of various sweep speed commands received over the GPIB. The left column indicates the desired effect of the GPIB command that was sent. The headings for the right three columns ra-

fleet the oscilloscope's Horizontal mode just prior to receipt of the command. Each block in the table shows the resulting sweep speed values and the Horizontal mode after the com-mand is received.

Table 0-1 Horizontal Command Results

Command Attempts to Make Horizontal Mode Before Command

A Only AALTB BOnly

A faster than B A= NV A = NV A= NV B = NV B = NV B = NV A only AINTEN A only

A = B and faster than 0.1 s A = NV A = NV A = NV B = NV B = NV B = NV A only AINTEN A only

A slower than B A = NV A = NV A = NV B = NV B = PV B = PV A only AALT B B only

B faster than A A = PV A = PV A = PV B = NV B = NV B = NV B only AALTB B only

B=A A = NV A = NV A = NV B = NV B = NV B = NV A only AINTEN A only

B slower than A and

B equal to or faster A= NV A = NV A = NV than 50 ms B = NV B = NV B = NV

A only AINTEN A only

B slower than 50 ms B=50ms B = NV B = 50ms and A = 50ms A = 50m A = NV

B faster than 0.15 s A only AINTEN A only

B slower than 0.15 s A = 50ms A=50ms A = 50ms B = 50ms B = 50ms B = 50ms A only AINTEN A only

B = 1 s/div B = 500ms B = 500ms B = 500ms (2445 only) A = 500ms A = 500ms A = 500ms

A only AINTEN A only

NV = New value of sweep speed sent over the GPIB. PV = Previous value of sweep speed.

0-1

Appendix E 2445/2465 Option 10 Operators

APPENDIX E

LLMESSAGE COMMAND CHARACTER TRANSLATIONS

Character translations performed by the LLMessage command and query, when sending data to or receiving data from the crt readout, are indicated in Tables E-1 and E-2. The following notes apply:

1. Most large size characters are formed with a left half and a right half.

2. Code for the right half of large size characters is given first, followed by the code for the left halt of the character.

Table E-1 LLMessage? Query Character Set (Code-Sequenced)

Decimal Hex Character Description

0 00 1 1 01 large 0 2 02 large 0 3 03 4 04 4 5 05 large 1 6 06 large 1 7 07 8 08 7 9 09 large 2

10 OA large 2 11 OB 12 OC t 13 00 large 3 14 OE large 3 15 OF k 16 10 Z 17 11 large 4 18 12 large 4 19 13 Horizontal cursor 1 20 14 n (nano) 21 15 large 5

3. Not all codes are assigned. Use of the unlabeled (not assigned) codes will result in a nonsensical display.

4. The two tables cross-reference each other.

5. Character pairs (i.e., digits followed by periods) sent to the readout are translated into single characters with embedded decimal points. For normal-size char-acters, the decimal points are displayed as carets. For large characters, the decimal points are displayed as periods. Single characters with embedded decimal points read from the display are received as character pairs.

Table E-1 (cont) LLMessage? Query Character Set (Code-Sequenced)

Decimal I Hex I Character DeSCription 22 16 large 5 23 17 24 18 m (micro) 25 19 large 6 26 1A large 6 27 1B 28 1C I 29 1D large 7 30 1E large 7 31 1F Horizontal cursor 2 32 20 A (delta) 33 21 large 8 34 22 large 8 35 23 '36 24 i 37 25 large 9 38 26 large 9 39 27 40 28 0 41 29 42 2A 2 43 2B !

E-1

---_._------------_ .. _-----_._-----.,---


Table E-1 (cont) Table E-1 (cont) LLMessage? Query Character Set (Code-Sequenced) LLMessage? Query Character Set (Code-Sequenced)

Decimal I Hex I Character Description Decimal I Hex I Character Description 44 2C 3 93 50

45 20 < 94 5E O. 46 2E 5 95 5F

47 2F 96 60 2.

48 30 6 97 61

49 31 > 98 62 3. 50 32 8 99 63

51 33 100 64 5.

52 34 9 101 65

53 35 v(volts ac} 102 66 6. 54 36 1. 103 67 55 37 large 0 dot 104 68 8. 56 38 large 0 dot 105 69 57 39 106 6A 9. 58 3A 4. 107 6B 59 39 large 1 dot 108 6C U 60 3C large 1 dot 109 60 large R 61 3D 110 6E large R 62 3E 7. 111 6F 63 3F large 2 dot 112 70 V 64 40 large 2 dot 113 71 large S 65 41 114 72 large S 66 42 "/,, 115 73 67 43 large 3 dot 116 74 X 68 44 large 3 dot 117 75 large T 69 45 118 76 large T 70 46 s (seconds) 119 77 71 47 large 4 dot 120 78 MNL (manual) 72 48 large 4 dot 121 79 73 49 122 7A large V 74 4A z 123 79 large V 75 49 large 5 dot 124 7C y

76 4C large 5 dot 125 70 DEG (degrees) 77 40 126 7E HO (holdoff) 78 4E Vertical cursor 2 127 7F 79 4F large 6 dot 128 80 large X 80 50 large 6 dot 129 81 large X 81 51 130 82 o over 0 82 52 - 131 83 83 53 large 7 dot 132 84 o over 1 84 54 large 7 dot 133 85 85 55 134 86 1 over 0 86 56 ~ (approximately) 135 87 87 57 large 8 dot 136 88 A 88 58 large 8 dot 137 89 89 59 138 8A B 90 5A , 139 89 91 59 large 9 dot 140 BC D 92 5C large 9 dot 141 80

E-2

Table E·1 (cont) ~ llMessage? Query Character $et (Code-Sequenced) ~~

Decimal I Hex I Character Description 142 8E H 143 SF 144 90 M 145 91 146 92 N 147 93 148 94 R 149 95 150 96 W 151 97 152 98 I 153 99 large F 154 9A large F 155 9B 156 9C J 157 90 large n (omega) 158 9E large n (omega) 159 9F 160 AD K 161 Al large H 162 A2 large H 163 A1 164 A4 large d 165 A5 farge d 166 A6 = 167 A7 + 168 A8 L 169 A9 n (omega) 170 AA m (ground symbol) 171 AB 172 AC 0 173 AD large L 174 AE large L 175 AF 176 BO P 177 81 178 B2 lover 1 179 B3 180 B4 Q 181 B5 ? 182 B6 o over x 183 87 184 88 S 185 B9 large 0 186 BA large 0 187 B8 188 BC T 189 BO d 190 BE x over 0


Table E-1 (cont) llMessage? Query Character Set (Code-Sequenced)


191 8F 192 CO (spaoe) 193 C1 large A 194 C2 large A 195 C3 196 C4 C 197 C5 large B 198 C6 large B 199 C7 200 C8 E 201 C9 large C 202 CA large C 203 CB 204 CC F 205 CD large D 206 CE large D 207 CF 208 DO G 209 01 large E 210 02 large E 211 03 212 04 . 213 05 large n (nano) 214 06 large n (nano) 215 07 large u (micro) 216 08 large u (micro) 217 09 large k 218 OA large k 219 DB large m (milli) 220 DC large m (milli) 221 DO 222 DE large + 223 OF large + 224 EO low under1ine 225 E1 large OlY (delay) 226 E2 large OlY (delay) 227 E3 228 E4 HlO (hold measurement) 229 E5 230 E6 lover x 231 E7 232 E8 x over 1 233 E9 234 EA aWL (bandwidth limit) 235 EB 236 EC 1/ 237 ED superscript dash 238 EE P (pico) 239 EF

E-3


Table E-1 (cont) llMessage? Query Character Set (Code-Sequenced)


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

E·4

240 FO underline 241 Fl dotted underline 242 F2 large s (seconds) 243 F3 large s (seconds) 244 F4 large z 245 F5 large z 246 F6 Vertical cursor 1 247 F7 Logical AND symbol 248 F8 At (delta t) 249 F9 250 FA Large minus symbol 251 FB high underline 252 FC x over x 253 FD 254 FE m (milli) 255 FF

Table E-2 lLMessage Command Character Set

(Character-Sequenced)

Character Size and Code

Character Description Normal Size Large Size

Decimal Hex Decimal Hex

40 28 1 01 2 02

0 00 5 05 6 06

42 2A 9 09 10 OA

44 2C 13 OD 14 OE

4 04 17 11 18 12

46 2E 21 15 22 16

48 30 25 19 26 fA

8 08 29 10 30 IE

50 32 33 21 34 22

52 34 37 25 38 26

A

B

C

D

E

F

G H

I J K L

M N 0

P Q

R

S

T

U V

W X

y

Z

Table E-2 (cont) LLMessage Command Character Set

(Character-Sequenced)

Character Size and Code

Character Description Normal Size Large Size

Decimal Hex Decimal Hex

136 88 193 Cl 194 C2

138 8A 197 C5 198 C6

196 C4 201 C9 202 CA

140 8C 205 CD 206 CE

200 C8 209 Dl 210 D2

204 CC 153 99 154 9A

208 DO 142 8E 161 Al

162 A2 152 98 156 9C 160 AD 168 A8 173 AD

174 AE 144 90 146 92 172 AC 185 B9

186 BA 176 BO 180 B4 148 94 109 6D

110 6E 184 B8 113 71 114 72 188 BC 117 75

118 76 108 6C 112 70 122 7A

123 7B 150 96 116 74 128 80

129 81 124 7C 16 10

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