22/03/13

Integrated Water and Sanitation Service chain

Cooperation across the water and sanitation value chainWorld Water Day 22 March 2013 Butare, Rwanda

Water stress in Rwanda

High growth path But:•Demand•Contamination (waste, agro-chemicals)•Water source degradation (erosion/flooding)•Climate change

Water Resource Policy/Strategy 2012

Integrated water resource management adopted as framework for

water development and management

Strategy for sustainable water and sanitation services

•Public Private Partnership Policy framework•Delegated management model •Inclusive water and sanitation services•Environmental responsibility and adaptation

FunctionalSustainable access to water and sanitation

Integrated Water Resource Management: luxury or reality?

Irrigation

TourismWater supply Waste water

Industry

Erosion

Flooding

Mining

Hydro power

Making IWRM practical in Water and Sanitation

Inspiration in the value chain concept of

Michael Porter

Expanding watsan chain responsibilities

5 Recycling

2 Potabilization

Distribution

1 Production of

raw water

4Waste-water

Sewage

3Service / use

Drinking water supply service

Integral water and sanitation service chain

management

Production, Raw water

•The water sources: well, river, lakes, catchment.

•Key actors: Water resource authority, farmers, tourists, industry, villages, local authorities, miners, water company, other water users.

•Crucial capabilities: Water resource management, integrated territorial planning, long term thinking, water governance, multi-actor process.

•Risks: catchment degradation, erosion, climate change, contamination, bad coordination among actors.

1Raw water

Transformation & distribution

• Intake. Transport, storage, treatment stations, pumping.

• Key actors: water supply operators, construction companies, supply chain (chemicals, inputs), finance.

• Crucial capabilities: design, treatment, monitoring.

• Risks: inappropriate technology, bad operation and

maintenance.

2 Potabilization

Distribution

Service/use

• Distribution to water points: commercialization, management and administration.

• Key actors: water supply operators, regulator, banks, offices for payment, WASH support organizations.

• Capabilities: system design, organization, administration calculation of tariffs, utility management, consumer relation-feedback, hygiene education.

• Risks: inadequate management, inappropriate consumer practices (hygiene, payment).

3 Service / use

Waste water

• Non consumptive use at household or water user point. Mud pools around the house, untreated waste water at village level.

• Key actors: households, water supply organizations, municipalities.

• Capabilities: hygiene practices, waste water evacuation, water saving, demand management.

• Risks: health (pathogens contamination) environmental

contaminiation,

4 Waste water

Treatment/ Recycling

• Waste water use, recycling, ecological sanitation. Filtration pits, gardens.

• Key actors: municipalities, water organization, farmers, nature.

• Capabilities: water treatment, recycling, sanitation marketing.

• Risks: inappropriate technology and operation, health ,

environmental contamination.

5 Recycling

Context and support

Production of raw water

Service / use Waste water

Social organizations

Knowledge centres Universities,

vocational training

Private companies

Farm, villageCatchment

Society

financial services

NGO´s

Value creation:

economic, social,

environmental

Government (policies)

Treatment & recycling-

Tourism

Regulator

Farmers

IWRM in the Watsan value chain

• First step to use more specialized IWRM tools.• The concept applies to different scales: from

household to system level.• It visibilizes the need for collaborative action• Different actors can be related to different links • Helps to identify core competencies of

organization. • Introduces systems perspective to watsan.• Helps to identify problems and design action!

Gains of using the watsan chain concept

• Stimulates to see the connections between links and its

actors.• Appoints to higher system efficiency on long term.• Looks at preventive action: lower transaction costs.• Helps identify (business) opportunities.• Articulates with Water Safety Plan (WHO) and investment

plans (addressing up-stream and down-stream issues) • Integrates sustainability into core business (water

sanitation services).

Sustainable water and sanitation services

through cooperation

ConnectionCommunication

LearningCoordination

Thank you

Reference:

World Business Council for

Sustainable Development