2013 Farm Safety

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FARMSAFETY

HEALTH

SEPTEMBER 2013

Safety eSSentialWhen ViSiting farm

tractorS WithroPS SaVe liVeS

S u p p l e m e n t t o

T h e D e l p h o s H e r a l d

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2 The Delphos Herald Farm Safety September 2013

Tractors are common to all farm operations.They also are the major cause of death in ag-riculture today. Tractors are linked to morethan half of farm-related deaths, both nation-ally and in Iowa. The National Safety Council

estimates more than 100 people were killed in2004 while operating a tractor.

About half of those deaths were the resultof a tractor rollover.

Use tractors with ROPS to save livesThe high death rate associated with tractor

rollovers is not a new problem. Since 1970,tractor rollover has been the leading cause offarm operator deaths, according to the Na-tional Safety Council. Statistics from tractor

rollover injuries show that about five peopleare killed each year for every 100,000 tractorsin operation.

The cumulative death toll from tractor roll-overs since the development of the tractor isstaggering.

What is ROPS?ROPS, or rollover protective structure, is a

cab or frame that provides a safe environmentfor the tractor operator in the event of a roll-over. Also called antiroll bars or ROPS cabs,all are designed to prevent death and minimize

injury.However, the first ROPS device was notmarketed on new tractors until 1965.

Many old tractors used today do not haveROPS.

The ROPS frame must pass a series of staticor dynamic crush tests. These tests e tandvarious loads to see if the protective zonearound the operator station remains intact inan overturn.

The tests are extensive and destroy the roll-over protective structure. A homemade bar at-tached to the tractor axle, or simple sun shades,cannot protect the operator if the tractor over-

turns. Farm operators should not add theirown rollover protection devices to tractorsmanufactured without ROPS. Without properdesign and testing, homemade devices offer afalse sense of security that can be more dan-gerous than operating a tractor without ROPS.The Society of Automotive Engineers and theAmerican Society of Agricultural Engineershave standards on the design of rollover pro-tective structures.

Use seat belts with ROPS ROPS affordssome safety during tractor overturns, but op-erators need more protection. All operators oftractors equipped with ROPS must wear seatbelts. Without a seat belt, the operator will notbe confined to the protective zone created bythe ROPS. During an overturn, the operator ofa tractor with ROPS could be thrown from theprotected area and crushed by the tractor, oreven the rollover protective structure itself, if

the operator is not wearing a seat belt. Neveruse seat belts on a tractor without ROPS. Inthis case, the operator has no chance of surviv-al because the seat belt will keep the operatorin the seat as the tractor rolls over and crushes

the operator. It is not certain whether the opera-tor would be thrown clear from the tractor ifseat belts were not worn, but that remains theoperators only chance of survival.

Reduce your rollover risksThere are several ways to reduce the pos-

sibility of tractor rollovers. However,thesesafety practices are not a substitute for ROPS.Follow these tips and use seat belts on tractorsequipped with ROPS to keep operators safe.

Avoid sharp turns and reduce speed whenturning. A tractor has a high center of gravity

and can tip. Compare the shape of a tractor anda race carrace cars can turn at high speedsbecause they are low to the road; a tractor can-not turn quickly without overturning because itsits high above the road.

Avoid driving on steep embankments,near ditches, and around holes. These areas areprone to rollovers. The ground can give wayand the tractor will lose support and roll over.When conditions require operation on steepslopes, always head down slopes and travelbackward up slopes. This will place the tractorin a more stable position and reduce rolloverrisks.

Hitch only to a drawbar. Many injuriesoccur when loads are hitched to the axle hous-

ing or other parts of the tractor. If you have athree-point hitch on your tractor, use it onlywith implements designed for a three-pointhitch. If you attach implements to somethinghigher than a drawbar, you can cause the trac-tor to roll over

New equipment with ROPSIn 1985, tractor manufacturers adopt-

ed a voluntary standard to sell all tractorswith ROPS in place. All new tractors areequipped at the factory with ROPS. TheROPSmay be part of the cab structure and may not bevisible, but the protection will be there.

Tractors made more than 40 years ago withoutadvances in safety technology are operationaltoday. It is estimated that less than one-thirdof the 4.4 million tractors used for agricultural

purposes have ROPS. Older tractors often areused in situations typically associated withtractor rollover injuries, such as mowing theroad ditch area, using a front-end loader, andhauling fallen trees.

Retrofit older tractorsOlder tractors can be retrofitted with rollover

protective structures. Check with your localdealer for manufacturers, models, and approxi-mate costs of obtaining retrofit ROPS for trac-tors. Retrofitting can pose a difficult decisionbecause its cost for an older tractor can exceed

the machines actual value. However, the truecost is in the lives that could be saved.

You can reduce your risk of being in-jured or killed while operating a tractor.Check your operation for the followingitems.

Identify all tractors in your opera-tion that have ROPS; check for

seat belts.

Post a reminder on tractors withROPS for operators to wear a seatbelt.

Make a long-rangeplan to phaseout or retrofit all tractors withoutROPS.

Identify tasks that would take youover steep embankments, near

ditches, around holes, and otherareas prone to tractor rollovers.Instruct everyone who operates atractor in these areas to use onlytractors with ROPS and seat belts.

Tractorrollover

safetyWhat can you do?

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September 2013 The Delphos Herald Farm Safety 3

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Contrary to the popular image of freshair and peaceful surroundings, a farmis not a hazard-free work setting. Ev-ery year, thousands of farm workers are

injured and hundreds more die in farm-ing accidents. According to the NationalSafety Council, agriculture is the mosthazardous industry in the nation.

Health and Safety Hazards on FarmsFarm workersincluding farm familiesand migrant workersare exposed tohazards such as the following:

Chemicals/Pesticides Cold

Agriculture most hazardous industry in nation Dust Electricity Grain bins Hand tools

Highway traffic Lifting Livestock handling Machinery/Equipment Manure pits Mud Noise Ponds Silos Slips/Trips/Falls Sun/Heat Toxic gases Tractors

Wells

High Risk Factors on FarmsThe following factors may increase risk of in-

jury or illness for farm workers: Age Injury rates are highest among chil-

dren age 15 and under and adults over 65. Equipment and Machinery Most farm

accidents and fatalities involve machin-ery. Proper machine guarding and doingequipment maintenance according tomanufacturers recommendations canhelp prevent accidents.

Protective Equipment Using protec-

tive equipment, such as seat beltson tractors, and personal protectiveequipment (such as safety gloves,coveralls, boots, hats, aprons, goggles,

face shields) could significantly reducefarming injuries. Medical Care Hospitals and emer-

gency medical care are typically notreadily accessible in rural areas nearfarms.

How You Can Improve Farm SafetyYou can start by increasing your aware-

ness offarming hazards and making a conscious ef-fortto prepare for emergency situations includ-

ingfires, vehicle accidents, electrical shocksfromequipment and wires, and chemical ex-posures.

Be especially alert to hazards that may af-fect children and the elderly. Minimize haz-ards by carefully selecting the products youbuy to ensure that you provide good toolsand equipment.Always use seat belts when operating trac-

tors, and establish and maintain good house-keeping practices. Here are some other stepsyou can take to reduce illnesses and injurieson the farm:

Read and follow instructions in

equipment operators manuals and onproduct labels.

Inspect equipment routinely for prob-lems that may cause accidents.

Discuss safety hazards and emergencyprocedures with your workers.

Install approved rollover protectivestructures, protective enclosures, orprotective frames on tractors.

Make sure that guards on farm equip-ment are replaced after maintenance.

Review and follow instructions in ma-terial safety data sheets (MSDSs)

(See HAZARDOUS page 6)

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The nursery rhyme does not state, OldMacDonald had a farm and on this farmthere was a bunch of dangerous things. Butmaybe it should?

Farmers perform an essential service, pro-

viding food and other products that consum-

ers commonly take for granted. The inner

workings of a farm are something to treat

with respect. Most of the families who live

and work on a farm understand the potential

hazards of such an environment. However,

individuals visiting a farm may be unaware

of these dangers. Understanding farm safety

helps keep everyone safe.

According to the organization Kids Health,

the age groups at greatest risk for injury on

farms are children ages 3 to 4 and teenag-

ers ages 13 to 14. Most injuries can be pre-

vented, though, with a little education and

precautionary measures.

MachineryThere are many different forms of ma-

chinery on a farm to help keep it workingefficiently. These items can pose serioussafety risks. Although tractors are the typeof farm equipment that causes the most in-

juries, some adults still think it is safe to al-low children to ride along.

Injuries that may result from farm ma-chinery include pinching of clothing orparts of the body, where a person may be-come trapped in the gears or components ofequipment; cuts from equipment that shearscrops; bruising or cuts from projectilesthrown by mowers or other field equipment;and crushing or trapping injuries from ma-chinery that falls or tips over.

AnimalsPart of the excitement of visiting a farm

is seeing and petting the animals. Althoughmany animals may be docile and domes-ticated, they can still be unpredictable.Animals that are startled by yelling or loudnoises also may become restless and dan-gerous.

Children should understand that animalsmay unintentionally cause injuries. It maybe in a horses defense mechanism to kickwhen it is scared. To avoid such injuries,

never approach animals from behind. Also,when baby animals are present, a femalemay be protective of her brood and go onthe defensive.

Another inadvertent injury that may occuris from bacteria or viruses from the animals.Animal feces may contain bacteria, andthere may be other microorganisms on theanimals themselves. It is a smart idea to al-ways wash your hands after handling a farmanimal to prevent the spread of disease.

Understanding farm safety keeps everyone safeHere are some other pre-

cautions that can be takenwhen visiting a farm.

* Dont allow childrento wanderaround unsupervised.

* Rides on farm equip-ment should bediscouraged.

* Before startingmachinery, operators

should locate childrenand other guests and

clear them from thework area.

* Dont allow childrennear machinery.

* Children under the age

of 16 should not beallowed to operate any

farm vehicles.* Watch for hand tools or other equip-

ment, and keep children away from

them.* Do not touch animals unless a farm

worker allows it. Then follow his or herinstructions.

* Dont provoke farm animals or

attempt to startle them.* Supervise children around ponds, feed-

ing troughs or manure lagoons. It onlytakes a few inches of water to pose a

drowning risk.

Farms are interesting places to visit, espe-

cially for children. Safety should always be

a priority when visiting a farm.

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(Continued from page 4)and on labels that come with chemical

products and communicate informationon these hazards to your workers.

Take precautions to prevent entrapment

and suffocation caused by unstablesurfaces of grain storage bins, silos, orhoppers. Never walk the grain.

Methane gas, carbon dioxide, ammonia,and hydrogen sulfide can form in unven-tilated grain silos and manure pits and cansuffocate or poison workers or explode.

Take advantage of safety equipment,such as bypass starter covers, powertake-off master shields, and slow-mov-ing vehicle emblems.

The Benefits of Improved Safetyand Health Practices

Better safety and health practices reduceworker fatalities, injuries, and illnesses aswell as associated costs such as workerscompensation insurance premiums, lost pro-duction, and medical expenses. A safer andmore healthful workplace improves moraleand productivity.Additional Information on Safety and Health

For more information about farm safety,visit OSHAs website at www.osha.gov/SLTC/agriculturalopera

This is one in a series of informationalfact sheets highlighting OSHA programs,

policies or standards. It does not impose anynew compliance requirements. For a com-prehensive list of compliance requirementsof OSHA standards or regulations, refer toTitle 29 of the Code of Federal Regulations.

This information will be made available tosensory impaired individuals upon request.

The voice phone is (202) 693-1999; tele-typewriter (TTY) number: (877) 889-5627.tions, the National Safety Council at www.nsc.org/farmsafe/facts.htm, the Environ-mental Protection Agency at www.epa.gov/pesticides/safety/workers/ workers. htm,and the Centers for Disease Control at www.cdc.gov/nasd/menu/topic/topic.html. In ad-dition, OSHA has a variety of materials andtools available elsewhere on its website atwww.osha.gov.

OSHA PublicationsOSHA has an extensive publications pro-

gram. For a listing of free or sales items, visitOSHAs website at www.osha.gov/pls/pub-lications/ pubindex.list or contact the OSHAPublications Office, U.S. Department of La-bor, 200 Constitution Avenue, NW, N-3101,Washington, DC 20210. Telephone (202)693-1888 or fax to (202) 693-2498. Con-tacting OSHA to report an emergency, file acomplaint or seek OSHA advice, assistanceor products, call (800) 321-OSHA or contactyour nearest OSHA regional or area office.

Hazardous

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Safety matters on the farm. Ask any farm

family.

Equipment with moving parts, unpredict-

able livestock and large machinery with lim-

ited visibility post just some farm dangers.

What can farm families do to stay safe?

Identify and eliminate hazards, says Eric

Vanasdale, COUNTRY Financial senior loss

control representative.

We visit our clients farms and help them

reduce potential dangers, says Vanasdale.

Once you recognize the dangers, you canprevent accidents. You can also set rules and

train farm employees and family members

to think about safety on a daily basis.

COUNTRY also distributes Safety Mat-

ters in the COUNTRY, a checklist that

identifies farm dangers. Because the check-

list addresses potential hazards affecting all

ages of farm employees and family mem-

bers, Vanasdale suggests completing it dur-

ing National Farm Safety Week Sept. 15-21.

The theme is Agricultural Health & Safety:

A Family Affair.

After families answer the checklist ques-

tions, they receive a safety score. A no

response indicates a danger that should be

eliminated. Checklist questions include:

Do all vehicles have safety belts that are

always used?

Are all slow moving vehicle emblems

clean and reflective?

Does a professional electrician inspect

your electrical system every five years?

Are children always supervised while

performing farm tasks? Does someone know where all farm

workers or family members are at any

given time?

Vanasdale urges farm families to be particu-

larly aware of harvest dangers enhanced by

drought conditions.

The drought has added stress to farm life.

Many families are worried about yields and

income, says Vanasdale. Make sure every

tractor, combine and truck contains at least

one ABC dry chemical fire extinguisher.

Teach farm employees and family members

COUNTRY safety checklistreduces farm family dangers

how to use it. Extremely dry conditions

pose an increased possibility of field fires.

One accident is one too many. Farm fami-

lies can enjoy an injury-free harvest if they

keep safety at the forefront every day.

To obtain copies of agricultural safety

checklists, visit countryfinancial.com.

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TRUCKS, TRAILERS

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Let our local agents serve you.

Schmit-Massa & LloydInsurance Agency

Bill Massa, Agent 419-692-0951

Rhoades InsuranceJim Rhoades, Agent

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21.6 HP Kubota Diesel Engine New VHT Plus 2 Variable Hydro Transmissionwith Smooth Dynamic Braking

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Elida, OH 45807(419) 339-7000

l l l ll l l l

l

Farmers Equipment, Inc.6008 Elida Rd., Rt. 309

Elida, OH 45807(419) 339-7000

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www.kubota.comKubota Tractor Corporation, 2011

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2013 Farm Safety