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National disasterNational disaster risk situations in

Pakistan

Hazard Profile of PakistanDiverse topographical featuresVaried Climate in different regionsUneven population densityUneven population densityUnplanned development in disaster prone areasVulnerability of population segmentsPovertyPressure on natural resourcesLack of awareness on Disaster Risk Management

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33--Day course on Day course on “Mainstreaming DRR in Development”“Mainstreaming DRR in Development”(19(19--2121stst Nov, 2009 Islamabad)Nov, 2009 Islamabad)

Geographical Distribution

33--Day course on Day course on “Mainstreaming DRR in Development”“Mainstreaming DRR in Development”(19(19--2121stst Nov, 2009 Islamabad)Nov, 2009 Islamabad)

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Natural Hazards

Earthquakes

Human Induced Hazards

Transport accidentsTerrorism

Hazards in Pakistan

Floods TsunamiAvalanchesLandslides Cyclones/StormsGlacial Lake Outburst Flood Droughts

TerrorismOil spills Urban fires Civil conflicts Chemical, Nuclear & Radiological (CNR)accidents

gRiver ErosionsPest Attacks Epidemics

Predictable HazardsFloods D ht

Un-Predictable HazardsEarthquakeAvalanches

Types of Hazards

DroughtsTsunami Cyclones/ StormsRiver Erosions

Avalanches Landslides Glacial Lake Outburst Flood (GLOF) Pest AttacksEpidemicsAccidents of all types

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Earthquake Pakistanhttp://earthquake.usgs.gov/recenteqsww/http://neic.usgs.gov/neis/world/pakistan/

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Pakistan Northern AreaMap showing active faults

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7.6

FAULT LINE 100 KM LONG

BalakotGHB

Mzd

Bagh

In case of Earthquake, what will be the secondary hazards associated with EQ

One Hazard Causing a Secondary Hazard

secondary hazards associated with EQ

?????

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HARNAI (PAKISTAN) EARTHQUAKE FEB HARNAI (PAKISTAN) EARTHQUAKE FEB 77, , 1997 1997 (FELT AFTER SHOCKS)(FELT AFTER SHOCKS)

S.No Date Time (GMT) Magnitude 1 07--02--97 21:07:59 6.32 27--02--97 21:30:35 5.73 02--03--97 3:58:25 4.54 03--03--97 2:28:35 5.25 04--03--97 13:03:46 5.56 09--03--97 18:49:58 4.57 19--03--97 11:15:54 4.58 20--03--97 8:50:39 5.59 22-03--97 6:19:52 4.8

10 28--03--97 21:52:28 4.511 28--03--97 22:27:41 4.512 04--04--97 15:47:57 4.513 07--05--97 3:04:52 4.514 10--05--97 7:58:46 5.515 18--07--97 18:59:50 4.916 07--09-97 10:15:25 4.717 03--10--97 13:14:01 4.718 08--12--97 10:49:53 4.119 13--12--97 3:41:38 5.120 18--03--98 23:29:08 4.821 21--06--98 15:57:42 4.822 12--07--98 20:52:20 4.923 12--07--98 22:15:56 4.924 14--07--98 1:01:20 4.725 14--07--98 13:03:47 4.826 27--11--98 0:29:52 4.9

Source: Meteorological depot, Peshawar 2000

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HAZARD CONTEXTGlacial Lake Outburst Flood (GLOF)

There are 5218 glaciers in Pakistan with a total of 2420 lakesOut of which 52 lakes are considered dangerousAn agreement for GLOF monitoring was arrived at with ICIMOD in 2003Since 2003, starting from the Astor Basin, all glacial basins have been inventoried for geo coordinates, numbered, named and their physical configuration have been recorded

The following districts are l bl t Gl i l L k O tb tvulnerable to Glacial Lake Outburst

Floods (GLOF)

District/ Province/RegionAstore Gilgit Ghanche in NorthernAstore, Gilgit, Ghanche in Northern areas

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Flood HazardFlood Hazard

HAZARD CONTEXTFlooding in the Indus Basin

56% of the Basin is located in

Pakistan comprising Indus and

its tributaries: Kabul, Jhelum,

Chenab, Ravi, Beas and Sutlej

Till now flooding wrecked

economic damage worth US $ 5

billion approximately and about

6,000 lives have been lost

These floods occur as a

consequence of the monsoon

rains

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Hazard ContextFlash FloodsNAs. Hunza, Ghizar, Astore, Gilgit & SkarduNWFP. Charsadda, Peshawar, Mardan, DI Khan, Swat, Mansehra, Upper /Lower Dir & ChitralAJK MuzzafarabadAJK. Muzzafarabad, Neelum, Bagh, Kotli & BhimberPunjab. Sialkot, Wazirabad, Gujranwala, Gujrat, Bhakkar, Mianwali& DG Khan Balochistan. Sibi, Jhal Magsi, Bolan, Kech, Gwador, Kharan, Kalat, Khuzdar & LasbelaSindh. Dadu, Qambar-,Shahdadkot, Larkana, Karachi, Hyderabad, Sanghar & BadinUrban Floods. Karachi, Hyderabad, Rawalpindi & Lahore

CYCLONES

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Tropical CycloneCyclone of 1999 seriously impacted Thatta and Badin Districts (affected 0.6

Hazard Context

million people and caused loss of 202 lives)Cyclone Yemyn in 2007 affected 26 districts of Balochistan and Sindh (affected 2.5 million people and p pcaused loss of 400 lives)

The following districts are vulnerable to tropical cyclone:

Gwadar, Kech, Lasbella & Washuk in BalochistanBadin Karachi and Thatta inBadin,Karachi and Thatta in Sindh

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DROUGHT

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TSUNAMI

How Tsunami OccurHow Tsunami Occur

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Waves are triggered by: Seismic activity / displacement of the sea floor

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Source: Lausch, E. - Tsunami-GEO 4/April, 1997

Districts prone to Tsunami

District GwadarDistrict GwadarDistrict LasbelaDistrict KarachiDistrict BadinDistrict Thahtta

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Internal Displacement

Regions Vulnerable to IDPsFATANorthern AreasSouth PunjabBalochistanAzad Jammu & Kashmir

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Urban Fire

Urban Fires

For the last two decades, there has been a significant migration from rural to urban whichsignificant migration from rural to urban which has put a lot of pressure on the urban areas of Pakistan thereby creating more slum areas in the cities. Over and above, mushrooming of unplanned CNG gas filling stations in urban areas and unauthorized LPG gas stores are quite common. g qThe sale of petroleum products in the residential areas is also widespread in the cities.

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Forest FiresPakistan has different types of forests, ranging from Mangroves in the south to Alpine vegetation in the north. Out of all these types, sub tropical broad leave evergreen scrub forest and sub tropical Pine is the mostevergreen scrub forest and sub tropical Pine is the most fire prone forest in Pakistan.

The Following districts are prone to forest fire. Swat, Chitral, Buner, Kohat, Hangu, Haripur in NWFP Chakwal, Attock, Jehlum, Kushab, Bhakkar in Punjab. Chillas in G-B provinceChillas in G-B provinceNeelum Valley, Jehlum valley and Bagh in AJK

LAND SLIDES

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LAND SLIDES

The following districts are vulnerable to landslides.

District/Province/State/RegionDistrict/Province/State/Region.Bagh, Bhimber, Neelum and Muzaffarabad in Azad Jammu & Kashmir. Astore, Diamer, Gilgit & Ghanche in Northern Areas. Kaghan, Naran & Chitral in NWFP

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Avalanches8 deaths reported in winter of 2008 due to avalanches in Chitral district

District Province/RegionAstore, Gilgit ,Ghanche ,Ghizer, Skardu in Northern Areas as well as Chitral in NWFP

QUESTION &QUESTION &QUESTION &QUESTION &DISCUSSIONDISCUSSION