2-ABAP 4_6 Dictionary

7/30/2019 2-ABAP 4_6 Dictionary

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Data Dictionary2-ABAP.1This is PricewaterhouseCoopers PROPRIETARY MATERIAL (hereafter, the Material) intended for internal use only.

You may not rent, lease or distribute the Material to clients or other third parties, but you may transfer the Material toother employees of PricewaterhouseCoopers.


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Lis t of Topics

Objectives

Terminology and GUI Enhancements

Search Helps

Repository Information System

Includes

Database Views

Data Types

Tables


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Modu le Map

Object ives


Search Helps


Includes

Database Views

Data Types

Tables


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Learn ing Object ives

Review terminology changes in 4.6

Learn the new functionality of search helps and how they

are configured

Understand includes and their functionality

Review changes to database views and data types


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Modu le Map

Objectives

Term inolog y and GUI Enhancements

Search Helps


Includes

Database Views

Data Types

Tables


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Dict ionary GUI Enhancements

Search Help

Search Help Name

Create Shortcut

Create New SessionActivate


7/41Data Dictionary2-ABAP.7This is PricewaterhouseCoopers PROPRIETARY MATERIAL (hereafter, the Material) intended for internal use only.


Release 3.0 Release 4.6

Term inology Changes

ABAP/4 Development

Workbench

Object Browser

ABAP/4 Editor

ABAP/4 Dictionary

ABAP/4 Query

Function Library

Field Strings

ABAP Workbench

Object Navigator

ABAP Editor

ABAP Dictionary

ABAP Query

Function Builder

Program Structures




Modu le Map

Objectives


Search Helps


Includes

Database Views

Data Types

Tables




Summary of Changes

As of release 4.0 search helps replace the functionality of

matchcodes in the previous releases of SAP R/3

The new search help simplifies and extends the past

options for defining an input help (help view, match code,foreign key)

As of release 4.6 user-specific settings for the hit list of

input helps (F4 helps) are supported




Search Helps

Search Helps provide the following functionality:

Link the search help to data elements, check tables

and structure fields (in the past, matchcodes were

only linked to the screen field)

Copy and return several fields in the hit list to thescreen

Select data using freely definable tables and views

Define default values for input parameters




New Term ino logy

Search Help parameters provide a list of fields from your

selection method table. If typing in parameters manually,

be sure that they have the same name as the fields in the

table.




Search Helps

The internal definition of the search help enables the user

to define the online behavior during the input help

execution as well as the source for data selection

It is possible to link further search helps to Dictionaryfields by attaching a search help to a check table or by

attaching a search help to a data element

Several search helps may be combined to form a

collective search help

The user can choose between several search options

in the input help

The interface of the collective search help externally

looks exactly like that of an elementary search help




Creating Search Helps

To create a search help,

perform the following steps:

1) Access the Dictionary

from the ABAP

Development Workbench(SE11)

2) Select the Search

helps radio button

3) Enter a name for the

search help

4 Choose the Createpushbutton

5) Select Elementary or

Collective search help




Hot Keys

Advanced users may take advantage of hot keys to enter

values for a search help dialog box all in the original

search field

Elementary search helps can be assigned to a singleletter or digit as a hot key

If this elementary search help is available for a field,

and you enter=.... in the field

and then call the input help, the system processes the

elementary search help, taking , , asvalues in the restrict values dialog box

The hit list is then displayed directly




Search Help Exits

A search help exit is a function module

It is extra code that may be included in the processing

of the search help at specific times

When designing search help exits, use function moduleF41F_SHLP_EXIT_EXAMPLE as a template

This option is available to include a search help exit with

elementary and collective search helps




Search Helps Migrat ion

In release 4.0 the ABAP Dictionary help view and matchcode objects are

replaced with the new ABAP Dictionary search help object

During an upgrade, the matchcodes are automatically migrated to

search helps


17/41Data Dictionary2-ABAP.17

This is PricewaterhouseCoopers PROPRIETARY MATERIAL (hereafter, the Material) intended for internal use only.You may not rent, lease or distribute the Material to clients or other third parties, but you may transfer the Material to

other employees of PricewaterhouseCoopers.

Search Helps Migrat ion

Matchcode objects retain the same name when they are

migrated to collective search helps

The IDs of a match code object are migrated to

elementary search helps, which are included in thecollective search help

Authorization checks for match codes are replaced with

the search help exit concept for search helps





F4 Help Enhancements

In previous releases the

context defined by the

foreign key or search helps

was not taken into

consideration in the inputhelp (F4 help) for selection

screens

In release 4.6 values entered

by the user in fields having a

relationship to the searchfield can now be used in the

input help for the search

field





F4 Help Enhancements

As of release 4.6, user-specific settings for the hit list of

input helps (F4 helps) are supported

It is possible to store settings that do the following:

Change the behavior of all input helps

Change the behavior of a certain input help





Modu le Map

Objectives


Search Helps


Includes

Database Views

Data Types

Tables





Reposi tory Info rmat ion Sys tem

As of release 4.0, the

following enhancements

have been introduced into

the Repository Information

System: Displaying the external

references of an object

Displaying unused

objects

Extension of Where-used

list Processing background

lists





Modu le Map

Objectives


Search Helps


Includes

Database Views

Data Types

Tables


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-

Example: KNA1-GRPINC

--

Example: KNA1-GRPINC-ANRED

Includes

As of release 4.6 includes have been enhanced as

follows:

If an include is used to define a database table or

structure, the included substructure can be assigned

a name The group of fields in the include can be addressed as

a whole in ABAP programs with this name


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Includes

It is possible to include a

structure multiple times

The included field names

must be renamed to ensure

each name is unique

To include a structure more

than once, assign a suffix to

each group to enhance the

name of the group fields

The fields can be addressed

in ABAP programs with

-

or -

-


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View Inclusion

In previous versions only tables and structures could be

included in other tables and structures as includes

As of release 4.6 views can now be inserted as an include in a

table or structure


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View Inclusion


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Modu le Map

Objectives


Search Helps


Includes

Database Views

Data Types

Tables


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Database Views

As of release 4.0 it is possible to buffer data read using a

view

Buffering data records which are read once increases the

performance when these data records are accessed again

Technical settings may also be defined for views

In the technical settings of a view it is possible to

define if data read with the view should be buffered

and how this should be done


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View A

Table 1

Database Views

Changes in the table columns

are automatically reflected in

the view definition when the

complete table is chosen

If fields are added to or deletedfrom a table used in a view, the

view is not automatically

adjusted to this change

When a field is deleted

from the original table, a

message is displayed

indicating that the viewmust be adjusted

This adjustment must be

performed manually


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Help Views

In previous releases, Help Views played a major role in

matchcodes

As of release 4.0 matchcodes have been replaced by

Search Helps

Help Views no longer have a large presence


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Modu le Map

Objectives


Search Helps


Includes

Database Views

Data Types

Tables


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New Data Types

As of release 4.6 two new data types are available in the ABAP

Dictionary: STRING and RAWSTRING

STRING: Corresponds to a variable length character string

RAWSTRING: Corresponds to a variable length uninterpreted byte

string


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References Types in

the Dict ionary


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Modu le Map

Objectives


Search Helps


Includes

Database Views

Data Types

Tables


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Direct Entry of the Types A ttr ibu tes

In previous versions it was

necessary to specify a

domain when defining a

data element

As of release 4.6 it ispossible to directly enter

the data type, length and

the number of decimal

places for data elements

Applies to table fields,

structure components

and table types


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Ranges Tab le Types

In release 4.6 the type concept of the ABAP Dictionary

was extended to include ranges table types

To define a ranges table type, perform the following

tasks: Specify an elementary type that defines the type of

components LOW and HIGH of the row type.

Specify a name for the row type of the table type


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Ranges Tab le Types


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Database Ind ices

In previous versions, indexes defined in the ABAP

Dictionary were normally created on the database during

activation

It was not possible to deliver a disabled index without

it automatically also being created on the database

As of release 4.0 it is possible to control creation and

usage of non-unique database indexes at a more granular

level


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Exp l ic i t Key Entry for Tab le Types

As of release 4.5 table types may be created globally in

the ABAP Dictionary

In previous releases the possibilities for defining a key

for a table type were limited to standard key, row type,and undefined

In 4.5 the key of a table type can now be defined explicitly

by selecting components (fields) of the row type


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Other Miscel laneous Changes

In previous releases table, data element and domain

names were limited to 10 characters

Fields were also limited to 10 characters in the 3.x

versions

As of release 4.0 the option to view foreign key

relationships graphically is available


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Modu le Rev iew


Search Helps


Includes

Database Views

Data Types

Tables

Documents

2-ABAP 4_6 Dictionary