· 1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 08-10 March 2020 Committee Members for

Conference President:

Assist. Prof. Dr. Hassan Shakir Majdi

Hosting Organization:Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon/Opposite of University of Babylon-Hilla,

Najaf Road, Hilla, IRAQ

The First International Medical Sciences Conference

28-30 June, 2020

1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future”

Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq

08-10 March 2020

Committee Members for Conference

Supervising Committee

Assist. Prof. Dr. Hasan Shakir Majdi Chairman

Prof. Dr. Jawad Kadhim Al-Janabi Member

Assist . Prof. Dr. Munther Fadhil Hassan Member

Prof. Dr. Falah Hasan Hussein Member

International Organizing Committee

Prof. Dr. Falah Hasan Hussein, Iraq

Prof. Dr. Rabah Boukherroub, France

Prof. Dr. Helen P. Kavitha, India

Prof. Dr. Najim Al-Masoudi, Germany

Assist. Prof. Sinem Yaprak Karavana, Turkey

Assist. Prof. Dr. Hussam Al-Humadi, Iraq

Assist. Prof. Joseph Meletiadis, USA

Assist. Prof. Dr. Majid Hayati, Iran

Dr. Laima Warnecke, USA

Dr. Apostolos Zarros, U.K.

Dr. Suvardhan Kanchi, South Africa

Dr. Himanshu Agarwal, India

Dr. Mustafa Bassim Al-Tameemi, Iraq

Mrs. Anjul Agrawal, India

Mrs. Sevgi Nalbat Al-Tameemi, Iraq

National Organizing Committee

Prof. Dr. Jawad Kadhim Al-Janabi Chairman

Members

Dr. Fuad Ghazi Hassan

Assist. Prof. Dr. Furat Hamza

Dr. Imad Khudier Abbas

Dr. Zahraa Haleem Al-Qaim

Dr. Sabreen Farhan Jawad

Dr. Asmaa Hasan Muhammed

Mr. Ashraf Essa Mahmmood

Mrs. Elaf Jassim Mahan

Miss Zahraa Ali Hammood

Secretary

Miss Duhaq Abdul Abbas Naser Mr. Mohammed Abbas Hussein

Miss. Salar Essa Hasan

Mrs. Riyam Ali Al-Dalawi Mrs. Ghasaq Muayad Naji

Scientific Committee Prof. Dr. Falah Hasan Hussein . Chairman

Members

Prof. Dr. Sabah Nemaa Al-Thamer.

Prof. Dr. Hamed Ibraheem Abbas.

Prof. Dr. Ali Shaalan Al-Aaraji.

Prof. Dr. Fadhil Farhood.

Prof. Dr. Athraa Y. Mohammed

Prof. Dr. Asaad A. Al-Janabi

Assist. Prof. Ali K. Shaaeli

Assist. Prof. Dr. Hussam Al-Humadi

Subsidizing Committee Assist. Prof. Dr. Munther Fadel Hassan Chairman

Members Mr. Wameed Deyah Shamsi

Mr. Hasan Ali Abu Dihin

Mrs. Tabarak Ameer Ali

Mr. Hashim Ihsan Sadek



08-10 March 2020

Committee Members for Virtual Conference

Supervising Committee

Assist. Prof. Dr. Hasan Shakir Majdi Chairman

Prof. Dr. Jawad Kadhim Al-Janabi Member

Prof. Dr. Falah Hasan Hussein Member

Organizing Committee

Prof. Dr. Falah Hasan Hussein Chairman

Members

Prof. Dr. Jawad Kadhim Al-Janabi Prof. Dr. Jabbar Faraj Al Wakeel Prof. Dr. Athraa Y. Mohammed Prof. Dr. Habeeb Sahib Naher Assist. Prof. Fatima Adnan Ali Dr. Imad Khudier Abbas Dr. Zahraa Haleem Al-Qaim Dr. Shaimaa Munther Mohammad Dr. Ahmed Khalid Fleah Dr. Ashraf Issa Mahmoud AlNattah Dr. Marwa Fadhil Alsaffar Dr. Rasha Fadhil Obaid Dr. Heba saleh Shaheed Dr. Lateef N. Assi

Mrs. Elaf Jassim Mahan Miss Zahraa Ali Hammood Mr. Mohammed Abbas Hussein Mrs. Riyam Ali Al-Dalawi Mrs. Ghasaq Muayad Naji Mr. Haider Jawad Kadhim Mr. Hasan Ali Abu Dihin Mr. Ali Ihsan Kadom Mr. Mukhaled Louay Al. Falluji Mr. Ammar Hadi Shaalan Mrs. Dhuha Malek Hasan Mr. Mohammed Faris Mrs. Sarah Abd Ul_Rizah Abd Miss Rusul S. Sadkhan

International Organizing Committee

Mrs. Anjul Agarwal (India) Member


“Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla

Hilla, Iraq 28-30 June 2020

3

In the name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate

Excellences,

Dear colleagues,

Distinguished Guests,

It is my pleasure to welcome you to this prestigious event, which held in a critical time

that we are all facing challenging times to fight against COVID-19.

First of all, let me thank our distinguishable guests from the United States of America,

France, Germany, South Africa, Australia, Turkey, The Islamic Republic of Iran, Italy,

India and United Kingdom.

The primary goal of the First International Medical Sciences Conference is to promote

research and progressive activities in Medical and Health Sciences. The overall goal is

to promote scientific information interchange between Students, Researchers, and

Academics working in our university college, in Iraq, and in all-around World.

Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq, brings in a new spin on conferences by

presenting the latest scientific improvements in your field. Listen to motivating

keynotes from thought leaders, or rub elbows with pioneers across the globe. Iraq is all

set for a fantastic event as we proudly present the "1st International Conference on

Medical Sciences (Our Health Our Future).

More than 100 scientific studies in medical sciences will be discussed in this great

event, and because of the shortage of time, a poster session will be presented during

the conference.

Recognizing the urgent need for collaboration, cooperation, and coordination to ensure

that COVID-19 could be defeated, the Organizing Committee of The First




4

International Medical Sciences Conference is arranging a roundtable virtual meeting

of countries (Australia, Germany, India, Iran, Iraq, Turkey,

United Kingdom and United States of America) entitled: COVID-19: Infection

Prevention and Treatment Protocols on Sunday, 28th June, 2020 at 9:00pm local time.

A workshop about Bioinformatics Training will also be presented for two days. In

order to help our researchers for publishing their scientific articles, another workshop

entitled (How to qualify your publication in a scientific journal? and Role of academic

staff and researchers to enhance the scientific ranking of University and country (in

scientific journal indexing) will be conducted.

Another important event also will be run at this international conference, which is the

graduation of HSP2019 Fellows. Dr. Jason Rao, Executive Director, Health Security

Partners (HSP) from Washington, DC, will announce their graduation.

The conference is going to be an event to look forward to for its enlightening

symposiums and workshops from established experts of the field, exceptional keynote

sessions directed by the elite in the academic field. It will also prove to be a brilliant

open door for the representatives from Universities and Institutes to cooperate with the

world-class researchers and an outstanding opportunity for businesses, keen at

expanding their global market reach.

Finally, I would like to express my great appreciation for you all for joining our

International Conference and also my warmest thanks to the Organizing Committee

for their hard work to prepare for this great event.

Sincerely Yours

The Conference Chairman

Assist .Prof. Dr. Hasan Shakir Majdi

The Dean of Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon




5

Day One (Sunday 28th June 2020):

Time Event

10:00 – 10:10 SESSION ONE (Opening)

Opening of the Conference with the Holy Quran and the National Anthem

10:10 – 10:20

Opening Remarks and Welcome

His Excellency Dr. Nabil Kazem Abdel-Sahib, Minister, Ministry of Higher Education and

Scientific Research (MOHESR)

10:20 – 10:30 Opening Remarks and Welcome

Dr. Hassan Shaker Magdy, President of the Conference

10:30 – 10:40

Speakers : Dr. Jason Rao, Executive Director, Health Security Partners (HSP)

Graduation Message to HSP Fellows upon the completion of the Health Security Stewards Fellowship

2019

SESSION TWO

Chairman: Prof. Dr. Falah H. Hussein

Co-Chairman: Dr. Imad Khudier Abbas

Technical Advisor: Dr. Lateef N. Assi

10:40 – 11:00 Keynote Speaker: Dr. Rabah Boukherrob, University of Lille, France

Transdermal Drug Delivery: Beyond the State of the Art

11:00 – 11:20 Keynote Speaker: Dr. Zahra Emam-Djomeh, University of Tehran, The Islamic Republic of Iran.

Nanomedicine implementations in targeted cancer treatment: nano-encapsulated curcumin

11:20 – 11:40 Tea break




6

Time Event

SESSION THREE

Medical Chairman: Dr. Rasha Fadhil Obaid

Co-Chairman: Dr. Heba saleh Shaheed

Technical Advisor: Miss Rusul S. Sadkhan

SESSION FOUR

Dental Chairman: Dr. Ameer Hamdi Al-Ameedee

Co-Chairman: Mr. Mukhaled Louay Technical Advisor: Mrs. Sarah Abd Ul_Rizah

SESSION FIVE

Biomedicine Chairman: Dr. Jawad Janabi Co-Chairman:Dr. Marwa Fadhil Alsaffar Technical Advisor: Miss Zahraa Ali

11:40-11:50

Alcoholic addicted and its related

with Some immunological

parameters

Frial Abd

Roles of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic

(BDNF) In Developing Jaw Athraa Y. Al-Hijazi‏

The Effects of Smoking on Packed

Cell‏ Volume Among Smoker Males

In Al-Hilla City

Rawaa M Mohammed

11:50 - 12:00

Histological Appreciation of

Biomaterials Scaffold Implantation

for Bone Fractures Therapy

Marwa Abdul Muhsien

Treating of Aphthus Ulcer for

Medically Compromised Patients by

Using Prednisolone Mixed with

Glycerin as Topical Application

Ali Hassan

Prevalence of Chickenpox under Ten

Years during the Last Five Years in

Hilla City

Rasha Fadhel Obaid‏

12:00 – 12:10

The change in some immunity

parameter as a result of gingivitis

infection in smoking patients

Sura Ihsan

Detection of Extended-Spectrum β-

lactamases-producing Escherichia

coli in urinary tract infection

Ali Bustan

12:10 – 12:20

The relationship between vitamin D

deficiency and vitamin D FokI

receptor gene polymorphism of

anemic patients in Babylon-Province

Asma'a Hassan‏

‏ Risk Mitigation Controls in

Laboratory Settings

Wafaa Al-Hussainni

12:20 – 12:30

Leishmaniasis and ecological risk

factors in marshland of Iraq

Hind Mahdi Jarallah

Some Risk Factors Affect Herpes

Zoster Infection in Babylon Province

Habeeb Nahar

12:30 – 12:40

Capture and recapture method in

measuring the incidence of Diabetes

Mellitus in Al-Najaf City

Riyadh Alshebli

Relationship between placentitis in

aborted women infected with

B.abortus and B.melitensis and

steroid hormones level

Ali Njum

12:40 – 12:50

Antibiofilm activities of Nanoparticle

Nawfal Aldujaili Antifungal activity of combination of

medicinal plant extracts with

Terbinafine through regulating

Subtilisin virulence genes

Maryam Q. H. Khazi

12:50 – 13:00

Prevalence of HCV Infection in

Thi_Qar Province Southern Iraq

During Period From 2005 – 2017

Awatif Issa

Effects of the Artemisinin on L.

donovani promastigotes

Ghuffran Hassan

13:00 – 13:10

Analysis of Women With

Endometrial Hyperplasia Measured

by U/S in the context of Socio

Demographic and Other risk factors

Ban Ameer

Frequency of Microbial infections

among Oncology patients; Microbial

etiology, Immunological assessment

and drug-resistance spectrum profile

of bloodstream

infections in patients with cancer

Ali Al-Marzoqi




7

Posters Session

Time Event

SESSION SIX

Chairman: Dr. Jabbar Faraj Al Wakeel

Co-Chairman: Mrs. Dhuha Malek Hasan

Technical Advisor: Mrs. Sarah Abd Ul_Rizah

16:00 – 16:10 Dr. Athraa Y. Al-Hijazi

Pulp Response Capped by Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF)

16:10 – 16:20 Dr. Mustafa Jawad

Detection of vitamin D serum level in patients with Rheumatoid arthritis from Al Hilla city, Iraq

16:20 – 16:30

Dr. Samah A. Al-Jebory

Lapin Compression Study of Mucosal Versus Systemic Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses

with LPS and H Antigen Extracted from Burkholderia cepacia

16:30 – 16:40 Dr. Asim A. Balakit

Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of New Combretastatin A-4 Analogues

16:40 – 16:50

Dr. Amal Talib Al Sa'ady

Antibacterial Activities of Chlorine Gas and Chlorine Dio xide Gas Against some Pathogenic

Bacteria

16:50 – 17:00 Dr. Wafaa H. Ajam

A study of Some Biochemical Parameters in Chronic Renal Failure Pre and Post Dialysis




8

Time Event

SESSION SEVEN

Chairman: Dr. Hussam Al-humadi, Iraq

Co-Chairman: Dr. Prasad Kuduvalli, USA

Technical Advisor: Dr. Lateef N. Assi, Iraq

21:00 – 22:30

"COVID-19 Protection and Treatment Protocols"

Keynote Speaker: Dr. Med.Abdul Majeed Al-Samir, Specialist in surgery and urology at the

University of Hamburg, Germany.

Keynote Speaker: Dr. Shivanshu Raj Goyal, MBBS, MD-Pulmonary Medicine, India.

Keynote Speaker: Dr. Ali Safaa, Genesiscare Cardiology, Interventional and General

Cardiologist, The Mulgrave Private Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Keynote Speaker: Dr. Haleh Mikaeili, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, The Islamic

Republic of Iran.

Keynote Speaker: Dr. Ali Ismail Aziz, Consultant anaesthetist & Intensivist Newham Hospital

NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.

Keynote Speaker: Dr. Önder Ergönül, MD, MPH, Koç University, School of Medicine, and

Head of Infectious Diseases Department, American Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

Keynote Speaker: Dr. J.P. Agarwal, Agarwal Medi Care Centre, Rly Rd, Bazaria, Ghaziabad,

India

Keynote Speaker: Dr. Ali Baay, Consultant pulmonologist.. Head of department of internal

medicine, Hammurabi medical college, university of Babylon. Iraq




9

Day two (Monday 29th June 2020):

Time Event

SESSION EIGHT

Chairman: Dr. Prof. Dr. Falah H. Hussein

Co-Chairman: Dr. Zahraa Haleem Alqaim


9:00 – 9:20

Keynote Speaker : Dr. Jason Rao, Executive Director, Health Security Partners (HSP)

The Need for International Collaboration and Science Diplomacy to Respond to the COVID-19

Pandemic

9:20 – 9:40 Keynote Speaker : Dr. Suvardhan Kanchi, Durban University of Technology, South Africa

Biosensors in Health Applications

9:40 – 10:00

Keynote Speaker : Dr. Baharak Divband, Tabriz university of medical sciences, The Islamic

Republic of Iran

Biomedical applications of nanomaterials

10:00 – 10:20

Keynote Speaker : Dr. Majid Hayati, University of Kashan, The Islamic Republic of Iran

A study for Malondialdehyde and lipid profile levels in ischemic stroke patients with and without

diabetes mellitus

10:20 – 10:40 Tea break




10

Time Event

SESSION NINE Medical Chairman: Dr. Habeeb Sahib Naher

Co-Chairman: Dr. Rasha Fadhil Obaid Technical Advisor: Miss Rusul S. Sadkhan

SESSION TEN

Pharmacy Chairman: Dr. Jabbar Faraj Al Wakeel

Co-Chairman: Dr. Ahmed Khalid Fleah

Technical Advisor: Mrs. Riyam Ali Hadi

SESSION ELEVEN

Biomedicine Chairman: Dr. Marwa Fadhil Alsaffar


Technical Advisor: Mrs. Elaf Jassim Mahan

10:40-10:50

Study the influence of vitamins D3

among psoriasis

Eman Kadhim

Preparation and In Vitro and In Vivo

Studies of Vitamin B12 Loaded

Implants

Shaimaa Munther

Evolution of immunoglobulin IgE levels

for asthma patients according to the

gender, Babylon province, Iraq

Ola Abbas

10:50 - 11:00

Emerging inf ectious dlseases and

Aioterrortsm

Ayad Almamoori

Effectiveness of a single injection of

Pr- IONPS in treatment of iron

deficiency anemia

Majida A.J. Al-Qayim

ABO Blood Group as a Risk Factor

Affect Herpes Zoster Incidence in

Babylon Province

Habeeb Naher

11:00 – 11:10

Epidemiological and

Histopathological study of

Appendicitis in Karbala province

Khetam Hussien

Determination of PAHs Concentration

in Some Types of Phoenix Dactylifera

L. Samples from Al-Diwaniyah

Markets by Using Soxhlet and Gas

Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy

Technique

Hazim Abed Walli

Study Endothelin-1 ,Troponin levels

and Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9)

gene polymorphism with ACS patients

in Babylon Province

Zahraa Haleem Al-qaim

11:10 – 11:20

Antibody to Aquaporin 4 in the

Diagnosis of Iraqi Patients With

Neuromyelitis Optica.

Eman Sh. Alobeidy

X-Ray Analysis of Carbon Nanotubes

for the Appropriate Medical

Applications

Firas Abdulrazzak

Comparison of adhesin genes expression

among Klebsiella

oxytoca ESBL-non-producers in

planktonic and biofilm mode of growth,

and imipenem sublethal exposure

suhad mahmood

11:20 – 11:30

The Effect of Smoking on the high-

density Lipoprotein HDL, low density

Lipoprotein LDL, and Triacylclecrol

TG Zaenab Mohsen

In vitro Quality Evaluation and

Antibacterial Efficacy of Ciprofloxacin

Tablets Obtained from Different

Companies in Community pharmacies

Rafal Al-Saigh

Antagonistic activity of Arkobiotics (a

commercial brand of probiotic) against

Staphylococcus epidermidis

Wala’a Ali

11:30 – 11:40

Determination of Breast Cancer in

Iraqi Women by High Molecular

Weight Cytokeratins by

Immuohistochemical Technique

Haidar Muhammed

Estimation of the healing activity of l-

and d-isophorms of ascorbic acid and

their salt with chitosan on a model of

burning wounds in rats

Adawia Fadhel Alzubaidi

Serodiagnosis of aborted and normal

Women afflicted with (torch) infection

in duhok city/iraq

Souzan Eassa

11:40 – 11:50

Role of tissue Doppler and speckle

tracking in early detection of left

ventricular dysfunction in B

thalassemic patients of pediatric age

group

Zainab F. Hassan

Antidiabetic Activity of Zinc Oxide

Nanoparticles and its effect on

Alloxan-induced diabetic rats

Elaf Abed AL-Ameer

Comparison between Polymerase Chain

Reaction and blood culture for

diagnosis of neonatal sepsis. Mohammed Haider

12:50 – 13:00

Cell phones contamination by Bacterial

infection among medical students at

AL- Mustaqbal University College,

Babylon, Iraq

Afrah AL-Zwaid

Synthesis and Characterizations of

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Loaded

Chloramphenicol for Antibacterial

Applications

Esaim Fadhel-Khalfa

Major Histocompatibility Complex gene

polymorphism in systemic lupus

erythematosus patients

Mona N. Al-Terehi




11

Workshops Sessions

Time Event

SESSION TWELVE

Chairman: Prof. Dr. Falah Hasan Hussein

Cochairman : Dr. Zahraa Haleem Alqaim

Technical Advisor: Miss Zahraa Ali

15:00 – 16:30

Dr. Fouad Fadhil Al-Qaim, Diractor of Scientific affairs department, Babylon University, College

Of science women

How to qualify your publication in a scientific journal?

20:30 – 22:00 Dr. Hussein O.M. Al-Dahmoshi, Babylon University, College Of science

Bioinformatics Training (Part 1)




12

Day Three (Tuesday 30th June 2020):

Time Event

SESSION THIRTEEN

Chairman: Dr. Athraa Y. Al-Hijazi

Co-Chairman: Mr. Ammar Hadi Shaalan


9:00 – 9:20

Keynote Speaker: Dr. Stefano Giovagnoli PhD, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences,

University of Perugia, via del Liceo, Italy.

Postbiotic-Enabled Targeting of the Host-Microbiota-Pathogen Interface: a new frontier in the

fight against infectious diseases

9:20 – 9:40 Keynote Speaker: Sinem Yaprak Karavana, Ege University, Turkey

Buccal Delivery, Status, Trends and Future

9:40 – 10:00 Keynote Speaker :Dr. Hussam Al-humadi

Choline deficient diet: a new challenge

10:00 – 10:20 Keynote Speaker :Dr. Jabar Faraj

Development of an Extended-Release Eventide Once a Week Depot Formulation

10:20 – 10:40 Tea break




13

Time Event

SESSION FOURTEEN

Medical Chairman: Dr. Jawad Kadhim Al-Janabi


Technical Advisor: Miss Rusul S. Sadkhan

SESSION FIFTEEN

Pharmacy Chairman: Dr.Fatima Adnan Ali

Co-Chairman: Dr. Ashraf Issa Mahmoud Technical Advisor: Mr. Haider Jawad

SESSION SIXTEEN

Biomedicine Chairman: Dr. Habeeb Sahib Naher

Co-Chairman: Dr. Rasha Fadhil Obaid

Technical Advisor: Mrs. Elaf Jassim Mahan

10:40-10:50

solation and Identification of

Dermatophytes causing g9|Tllgg[P:

l1r Hilla city-traq

Abid-Ali A. Abiess

Evolution and effectiveness of

colormetric approach for

investigation of ceftriaxone medicine

as a pure form and in formulation

vials

Mohauman Majeed

Association Among Immunological,

Biochemical and Homological

Parameter with Diabetic Foot Infection Laith Umran

10:50 - 11:00

SEN virus (SEN-V) and Torque Teno

virus (TTV) Co-Infection in a Sample

of Hepatitis Patients from Baghdad-

Iraq.

Arwa Al-Shuwaikh

Drug Adsorption on Carbon

Nanotubes synthesized by Flame

Fragments Deposition Technique

Asmaa Hammadi

The situation of health security in Iraq

Ayad Almamoori

11:00 – 11:10

Study of some immunological

parameters for systemic lupus

erythematosus in Babylon province

Marwa Al-saffar

A study for Malondialdehyde and

lipid profile levels in ischemic stroke

patients with

and without diabetes mellitus

Majid maatook

The correlation between disordered

lipid profile (‏ dyslipedemia) and

progression of diabetes mellitus type 2

Essam Al-Jumaili

11:10 – 11:20

Knockdown of TIGAR Induces

Apoptosis and Autophagy with

Modulates NF-κB and HO-1

Expression in A549 Lung Cancer

Cells

Osama Shareef

Lysyl Oxidase, Hypoxia Inducible

Factor –1 alpha and Inducible Nitric

Oxide Synthase as Possible Biological

Markers in Bladder Cancer

Shaimaa Munther

Nurses' Knowledge Regarding Surgical

Site Infection Prevention In Hilla City

Hospitals

Ammar A. Shalan

11:20 – 11:30

Knowledge of the mothers toward

sanitation and hygiene in relation to

childhood gastroenteritis in Babylon

province.

Sijal F. M. Al-joborae

Bioactivities of Anethole, Astragalin

and Cryptochlorogenic Acid Extracted

from Anise Oil and Moringa oleifera on

the Keratinase Gene Expression of

Trichophyton rubrum

Ali Jalil Obaid

Apololipoprotine E4 Gene and

Change in Atrial natriuretic peptide

and thyroid hormones in patient with

Acute Coronary Syndrome in Babylon

Province/Iraq

Zahraa Haleem Al-qaim

11:30 – 11:40

The Effect Of TNF-α, IL-8 And

Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes

Immune Alteration Phenotype In

Pathogenesis Of Hepatitis C Virus

Patients.

Ali Anok

Combination efficiency of antifungal

agent with filtrates of two basiomycetes

fungi on growth and on virulence factor

(citrate and isocitrate genes) of

Trichophyton rubrum

Marwa H. Abdullah

11:40 – 11:50

Mechanical dyssynchrony in dilated

cardiomyopathy , patterns and

relation to severity , etiology ,and

ECG

Ahlam Kadhim

Waste management in scientificand

medical-educational facilities in Iraq

Muthana Alshammari

12:50 – 13:00

Noninvasive Methods as a rapid

diagnosis of H.pylori infection

Fuad Hassan

Evaluation of antithrombin lll levels in

pregnancy by radial immunodiffusion

(RID)

Aamer.M.Ali



28-30 June 2020

14

Workshops Sessions

Time Event

SESSION SEVENTEEN

Chairman: Prof. Dr. Falah Hasan Hussein

Cochairman : Dr. Zahraa Haleem Alqaim

Technical Advisor: Mrs. Riyam Ali Hadi

15:00 – 16:30

Dr. Ayad Alkaim, University of Babylon, College Of Science Women

Role of academic staff and researchers to enhance the scientific ranking of University and

country (in scientific journal indexing

20:30 – 22:00 Mona N. Al-Terehi, Babylon University, College Of Science

Bioinformatics Training (Part 2)



28-30 June 2020

15

Keynote Speakers

Prof. Dr. Rabah Boukherroub, University of Lille, Avenue Poincaré - CS60069, France

Prof. Dr. Suvardhan Kanchi, Department of Chemistry, Steve Biko Campus, Durban University of

Technology 4000, South Africa

Prof. Dr. Sinem Yaprak Karavana, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege

University, Bornova,Turkey

Prof. Dr. Baharak Divband, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz university, Tabriz, Iran

Prof. Dr. Majid Hayati, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran

Prof. Dr. Zahra Emam-Djomeh, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

Dr. Med. Abdul Majeed Al-Samir, Specialist in Surgery and Urology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg,

Germany

Dr. Shivanshu Raj Goyal, MBBS, MD-Pulmonary Medicine, India

Dr. Prasad Kuduvalli, Director of Scientific Programs, Health Security Partners (HSP), Washington DC,

USA

Dr. Haleh Mikaeili, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

Dr. Ali Ismail Aziz, Consultant Anaesthetist & Intensivist, Newham Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK

Dr. Önder Ergönül, Head of Infectious Diseases Department, American Hospital, & School of Medicine, Koç

University, Istanbul, Turkey

Dr. J.P. Agarwal, Agarwal Medi Care Centre, Railway Road, Bazaria, Ghaziabad, India

Prof. Dr. Ali Baay, Head of Department of Internal Medicine, Hammurabi Medical College , University of

Babylon, Babylon, Iraq

Dr. Stefano Giovagnoli, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, via del Liceo, Italy

Dr. Jason Rao, Executive Director, Health Security Partners (HSP), Washington DC, USA

Dr. Ali Safaa, Genesiscare Cardiology, Interventional and General Cardiologist, The Mulgrave Private

Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

Dr. Hussam Al-Humadi, Physcian, Dean, College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Babylon, Hilla, Iraq

Dr. Jabar Faraj, Head of Pharmacy Department,t Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, Iraq



28-30 June 2020

16

Keynote Lecture

Transdermal Drug Delivery: Beyond the State of the Art

Rabah Boukherroub

Institute of Electronics, Microelectronics and Nanotechnology (IEMN), UMR CNRS8520, University of Lille –

Sciences and Technologies, Villeneuve d’Ascq, France.

E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Background: Topical remedies, such as creams, gels, ointments and bandages, rubbed or applied to the skin, have

been used over centuries. Being the largest organ in the body (1.5 – 2 m2 in adults), skin can be a good candidate

for drug administration. Administration of therapeutic agents across the skin enables drugs to avoid p.o. first-pass

chemical or enzymatic degradation in the gastrointestinal tract or liver.

Objectives & Methodology: The outermost layer of skin, stratum corneum (15 – 20 µm thick), which protects the

human body from toxic chemicals, makes it challenging for high molecular weight and hydrophilic molecules to

pass passively through this membrane. To address this limitation, different methods have been investigated to

enhance the permeability of the stratum corneum. On the one hand, the design of chemical formulations with

chemical skin enhancers such as solvents and surfactants as well as the synthesis of co-drug modified therapeutics

to disrupt the structure of the stratum corneum have been proposed. On the other hand, physical techniques

including mechanical and thermal approaches have been used to generate micrometer disruptions in the stratum

corneum structure. Another interesting strategy is based on the use of microneedles filled with drugs to pierce

the stratum corneum and enhance drug permeation. Other studies have shown that heat can be used as an

external trigger to increase skin permeability, thus facilitating transdermal drug delivery.

Results: In this study the results on the use of thermal activation to enhance skin permeation are discussed. To

this end, the potential of photothermal active graphene-based patches to enhance skin permeation are

demonstrated. The choice of graphene is made based on its various benefits such as strong absorption in the near

infrared (NIR), rapid light-to-heat conversion under low-power NIR irradiation, high loading capacity, ease of

functionalization and facile solution phase processing.

Conclusions: Graphene offers the possibility to prepare countless number of multifunctional nanocomposites or

nanohybrids through incorporation/assembling of functional building blocks, opening new avenues for delivery of

various therapeutics. The use of NIR irradiation is very advantageous as most of biological molecules are

transparent to this irradiation, thus limiting their inactivation/denaturation.

Key words

Transdermal, Drug, Enzymatic degradation, Skin.



28-30 June 2020

17

Keynote Lecture

Biosensors in Health Applications

Suvardhan Kanchi

Department of Chemistry, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban 4000, South Africa


Abstract

Background: The ability to assess health status, disease onset and progression, and monitor treatment outcome

through a non-invasive method is the main aim to be achieved in health care promotion and delivery and

research. There are three prerequisites to reach this goal: specific biomarkers that indicates a healthy or diseased

state; a non-invasive approach to detect and monitor the biomarkers; and the technologies to discriminate the

biomarkers.

Objectives & Methodology: The main objective is to fabricate nanosensors for the detection of drugs in

pharmaceutical formulations and real samples. Though several techniques are available in the literature for the

diagnosis of different diseases at earlier stage, but it is very important to have a system that can detect accurately

and cost-effectively. Therefore, we focus on the electrochemical detection of various drugs using differential pulse

voltammetry.

Results: The electrochemical nanosensors showed good LOD’s and LOQ’s, with fair recoveries.

Conclusions: In recent years, the demand has grown in the field of medical diagnostics for simple and disposable

devices that also demonstrate fast response times, are user-friendly, cost-efficient, and are suitable for mass

production. Biosensor technologies offer the potential to fulfill these criteria through an interdisciplinary

combination of approaches from nanotechnology, chemistry and medical science.

Key words

Biosensors, Health applications, Drugs and Tuberculosis.



28-30 June 2020

18

Keynote Lecture

Buccal Delivery, Status, Trends and Future

Sinem Yaprak Karavana

Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Bornova, Turkey


Abstract

Background: The advances and progress made by pharmaceutical industry have greatly contributed in terms of

treatment of disease and also enhancing the quality life of patients. Among the various route of drug

administration oral route is the most preferred and convenient route for systemic delivery. Several advantages

associated with it includes, painless, self-administration and reduced cost. However, oral administration is limited

by many disadvantages such as poor drug solubility and absorption, low bioavailability due to first pass

metabolism, pH sensitive substances and peptide drug degradation in the gastrointestinal system and also local

gastro intestinal toxicity.

Objectives & Methodology: Prior to the designing of buccal dosage form physiological factors such as texture of

buccal mucosa, thickness of the mucus layer, its turn over time, effect of saliva and other environmental factors

are to be considered. Saliva contains certain enzymes (esterases, carbohydrases, phosphatases) that may degrade

some drugs. Although saliva secretion facilitates the dissolution of drug, involuntary swallowing of saliva also

affects its bioavailability. These disadvantages can be avoided by developing unidirectional release systems with

backing layer. This concept may also results in high drug bioavailability.

The general principle of drug absorption holds good for buccal delivery also. Buccal drug absorption depends on

the partition coefficient of the drugs. Lipophilic drugs absorb through the transcellular route, where as hydrophilic

drugs absorb through the paracellular route. This behavior leads to the assumption that chemical modification

may increase drug penetration through buccal mucosa. Increasing nonionized fraction of ionizable drugs increases

drug penetration through trans-cellular route. In weakly basic drugs, the decrease in pH increases the ionic

fraction of drug but decreases its permeability through buccal mucosa.

Other pharmacological factors include residence time and local concentration of the drug in the mucosa, the

amount of drug transported across the mucosa into the blood. Earlier studies have demonstrated that oral

mucosal absorption of amines and acids at constant concentration are proportional to their partition coefficients.

Similar dependencies on partition coefficients were obtained from acyclovir, β-adrenoreceptor blocking agents

and substituted acetanilide.

Several buccal bioadhesive delivery devices which include bioadhesive tablet, gels and ointments, patches and

patch/films were developed by many researchers either for local or systemic actions. The most common

formulations are tablets and patches. Buccal films and patches are convenient dosage forms due to small size and

thickness which improves patient compliance. They are preferred over adhesive tablets in terms of flexibility and

patient comfort they also ensure more accurate drug dosing and longer residence time in mucosa as compared to

gel and ointment. They are formulated to exhibit both systemic and local action.



28-30 June 2020

19

Results: The main impediment to the use of many hydrophilic macromolecular drugs as potential therapeutic

agents is their inadequate and erratic oral absorption. The relatively recent evolution of recombinant DNA

research and modern synthetic and biotechnological methodologies allow the biochemist and chemist to produce

vast quantities of variety of peptides and proteins possessing better pharmacological efficacy. However,

therapeutic potential of these compounds lies in our ability to design and achieve effective and stable delivery

systems.

Conclusions: The future challenge of pharmaceutical scientists will not only be polypeptide cloning and synthesis,

but also to develop effective non-parenteral delivery of intact proteins and peptides to the systemic circulation.

Buccal permeation can be improved by using various classes of transmucosal and transdermal penetration

enhancers such as bile salts, surfactants, fatty acids and derivatives, chelators and cyclodextrins. Researchers are

now looking beyond traditional polymer networks to find other innovative drug transport systems. Much of the

development of novel materials in controlled release buccal adhesive drug delivery is focusing on the preparation

and use of responsive polymeric system using copolymer with desirable hydrophilic/hydrophobic interaction,

block or graft copolymers, complexation networks responding via hydrogen or ionic bonding and new

biodegradable polymers especially from natural edible sources. At the current global scenario, scientists are

finding ways to develop buccal adhesive systems through various approaches to improve the bioavailability of

orally less/inefficient drugs by manipulating the formulation strategies like inclusion of pH modifiers, enzyme

inhibitors, permeation enhances etc. Novel buccal adhesive delivery system, where the drug delivery is directed

towards buccal mucosa by protecting the local environment is also gaining interest.

Key words

Buccal delivery, Buccal mucosa, Dosage forms, Mucoadhesion.



28-30 June 2020

20

Keynote Lecture

Biomedical Applications of Nanomaterials

Baharak Divbanda,b

aDental and Periodental Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

bInorganic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran


Abstract

Background: Everything in this universe and in our bodies is already based on molecular scale and

nanotechnology. However it is also inherent that nanomaterials should display different properties such as

electrical conductance chemical reactivity, magnetism, optical effects and physical strength, from bulk

materials as a result of their small size. Advancement in the field of creating high quality and pure

nanomaterials and their applications in medicines and pharmaceuticals has revolutionized the twentieth

century. Even today wide-range of disease like cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, cardiovascular,

and serious inflammatory or infectious diseases are going to be cured by use of nano technology.

Nanomedicine makes use of nano materials in various fields such as contrast agents in MRI and CT, drug

delivery, operative dentistry, surgery, tissue engineering, and wound healing. With the help of nano

medicine early and rapid detection and diagnosis, prevention, proper treatment and follow-up of diseases is

possible. Selective and well-designed nano scale particles are used as tags and labels to make the testing

more sensitive and more flexible. With the help of nanotechnology, damaged tissue can be reproduced or

repaired which called tissue engineering, which might revolutionize the transplantation of organs or artificial

implants. By further research in nanotechnology, it can be useful for every aspect of human life. Medicine,

regenerative medicine, clinical imaging, stem cell research and nutraceuticals are among the leading sectors

that will be modified by nanotechnology innovations.

Conclusions: Our team is working on various aspects and applications of nanomaterials in medicine for the

diagnosis and treatment of diseases such as drug delivery and antimicrobial agents in cancer treatment and

wound healing, dentistry bionanomaterials, as well as bioimaging contrast agents (used for MRI and CT), and

recently tissue engineering materials and biosensors agents.

Key words

Nanomaterials, Biomaterials, Medicine, Drug delivery, Imaging contrast agent, Wound healing



28-30 June 2020

21

Keynote Lecture

MRI Magnetic Nanomaterials in Theranostic Agents

Nahideh Gharehaghaji1 and Baharak Divband2,3*

1Department of Radiology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

2Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

3Inorganic Chemistry Department, Chemistry Faculty, University of Tabriz, C.P. 51664 Tabriz, Iran


Abstract

Background: Gingivitis, sometimes called gum disease or periodontal disease, describes cases of bacterial build up

in the oral cavity, which in the end, if untreated, can lead to loss of teeth, as a result of damage to the layer that

encapsulates the teeth.

Objectives & Methodology: Collect 18 samples from smoking patient with gingivitis and 7 samples from healthy

people as control (age 20-25 years) to study parasites which found in mouth spatially in gingivitis and effected on

IL-2 and IL-4, IgA and IgG we found parasite Entamoeba gingivalis and Trichomonas tenax.

Results: 10 samples have Trichomonas tenax and 8 samples have Entamoeba gingivalis. In other hand we found

significant differences at 0. 05 in IL-2 (Mean =20.62727 infected with Trichomonas tenax, Mean =19.31818

infected with Entamoeba gingivalis, control =11.4) , IL-4 (Mean =509.3636 infected with Trichomonas tenax,

Mean=235.2727 infected with Entamoeba gingivalis, control=7 ) , IgA (Mean =264.50 infected with Trichomonas

tenax, Mean=243.50 infected with Entamoeba gingivalis, control=7 ) and IgG (Mean =975.00 infected with

Trichomonas tenax, Mean=1024.00 infected with Entamoeba gingivalis, control=7 )

Conclusions: The parasitical infection increase periodontitis additional to smoking. Gingivitis may happened by

parasites not by bacteria we found IgG level had been decreased in while IgA, IL-2 and IL-4 levels were increased

in serum during infection with parasite.

Key words

Entamoeba gingivalis , Trichomonas tenax, IL-4 , IL-2, IgA and IgG.



28-30 June 2020

22

Keynote Lecture

Effect of Non-Surgical Periodontal Treatment on Serum Albumin Levels in

Patients with Chronic Periodontitis

Adileh Shirmohammadi

Department of Periodontics, Dental School, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.


Abstract

Background: Albumin is a protein whose serum levels decrease in inflammatory conditions such as periodontal

diseases. The aim of the present study was to evaluate changes in serum albumin levels in patients with and

without periodontal diseases before and after non-surgical periodontal treatment and its relationship with clinical

variables of periodontal disease.

Objectives & Methodology: Twenty patients with chronic periodontitis and 20 periodontally healthy subjects,

referring to Tabriz Faculty of Dentistry, were selected for the purpose of this study. Serum albumin levels and

clinical periodontal parameters (pocket depth, clinical attachment level, gingival index, bleeding index and plaque

index) were determined and recorded at baseline and 3 months after non-surgical periodontal treatment. Data

were analyzed with descriptive statistics (mean ± SD). Independent-samples t-test was used to compare serum

albumin levels and clinical parameters between the case and control groups. Paired-samples t-test was used to

compare the variables before and after treatment in the case group. Statistical significance was set at P<0.05.

Results: The mean serum albumin level of patients with chronic periodontitis (3.62±0.11 mg/dL) was significantly

less than that in periodontally healthy subjects (4.17±0.29 mg/dL). Three months after periodontal treatment, the

serum albumin levels increased significantly (3.78±0.33 mg/dL), approaching the level in periodontally healthy

subjects (P<0.05).

Conclusions: Decreases and increases in serum albumin levels with periodontal disease and its treatment indicate

an inverse relationship between serum albumin levels and chronic periodontitis. Key words: Albumin, chronic

periodontitis, dental scaling, non-surgical inflammation, root planning.

Key words

Albumin, Chronic periodontitis, Dental scaling, Non-surgical inflammation, Root planing.



28-30 June 2020

23

Keynote Lecture

Nanomedicine Implementations in Targeted Cancer Treatment: Nano-

Encapsulated Curcumin

Zahra Emam-Djomeh1,2

1Transfer Phenomena Laboratory (TPL) College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran,

Karaj Campus, Karaj, Iran

2Aras International Campus, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.


Abstract

Background: Cancer is the second leading cause of death in Iran. Usual chemical therapies cause widespread

systemic toxicity and lead to serious side effects which prohibit their long term use. Therefore, there is an

increasing necessity to present suitable anticancer compounds with minimal side effects.

Objectives & Methodology: Curcumin is a natural polyphenol molecule derived from the Curcuma longa plant

which exhibits anticancer, chemo-preventive, chemo- and radio-sensitization properties. Curcumin’s widespread

availability, safety, low cost and multiple cancer fighting functions justify its development as a drug for cancer

treatment.

Results: However, various basic and clinical studies elucidate curcumin’s limited efficacy due to its low solubility,

high rate of metabolism, poor bioavailability and pharmacokinetics. A growing list of nanomedicine(s) using first

line therapeutic drugs has been approved or is under consideration by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to

improve human health.

Conclusions: These nanotechnology strategies may help to overcome challenges and ease the translation of

curcumin from bench to clinical application.

Key words

Cancer, Nanomedicine, Curcumin.



28-30 June 2020

24

Keynote Lecture

Stem Cells: Past Successes and Future Promises

Ahmad Reza Bahrami1,2, Azadeh Haghighitalab1,2, Moein Farshchian1,2, Maryam M. Matin1,2

1Industrial Biotechnology Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad,

Mashhad, Iran.

2Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Research Department, ACECR-Khorasan Razavi Branch, Mashhad,

Iran


Abstract

Background: Stem cells has experienced intensive basic and clinical investigations during the last three decades,

while there are still big challenges for them to establish a strong position in clinical level. By introduction of

human Embryonic Stem Cells (ESCs) about two decades ago, the public expectations were raised very high for

their promise in regenerative medicine. However this did not happen as expected due mainly to ethical and safety

concerns.

Objectives & Methodology: The challenges diverted most scientific programs towards alternative cells with the

same potentials. Among them adult stem cells, Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) in particular, and induced

pluripotent cells (iPSCs) were the most studied ones. Despite immense added value of these findings in scientific

level, some serious concerns are rising which question their cost and benefit in clinic.

Results: These findings have made a big shift towards development of new strategies for employment of

derivatives/components of the stem cells rather than their direct application in therapeutic programs. For

instance, MSCs are known for modulation of inflammation via their pro/anti-inflammatory properties. The

strength of such property depends very much on the micro-environmental situation of the tissue. Such effect is

exerted through certain Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) known as exosomes.

Key words

Stem cells, Clinical investigations, Embryonic stem cells.



28-30 June 2020

25

Keynote Lecture

Cell Therapy: A Novel Approach for Some Incurable Diseases

Maryam M. Matin1,2,3

1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.

2Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture and

Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi Branch, Mashhad, Iran.

3Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of

Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.


Abstract

Background: Despite a great progress in drug development and medicine in 21st century we are still facing some

diseases which cannot be cured by usual devices or even novel targeted therapies. This has led to development of

cell therapy approaches in which either stem cells or their differentiated counterparts can be used for treatment

of some problems especially for those who have acquired resistance to normal medications or incurable diseases.

Some cell therapy approaches have received approvals to be used clinically, however in most other cases clinical

trials are being conducted to test the safety and efficacy of cell therapy.

Key words

Cell Therapy, Diseases.



28-30 June 2020

26

Oral Presentation-AB-04

The Correlation Between Disordered Lipid Profile (Dyslipedemia) and Progression of Diabetes

Mellitus Type 2

Essam F. Al-Jumaili* and Bushra Abdulhadi

Biotechnology Department, Genetic Enginerring and Biotechnology Institute for Postgraduate Studies,

Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq


Abstract

Background: The study aims to assess the correlation between disordered lipid profile (dyslipidemia) and

progression of diabetes mellitus type 2. Fifty of type 2 DM patient (patient group) diagnosed according to

history and clinical examination.

Objectives & Methodology: Fifty of types 2 DM patient diagnosed according to history and clinical

examination, who attended the laboratory of 14 ramadan specialist analyses of immune and advanced

hormones, and twenty-five apparently healthy(control group) and both group age ranged from 40-70 years

in the period between 17/6/2016 until 25/8/2016. The study was conducted on tests for glucose,

cholesterol, triglycerides and glycated haemoglobin and determined enzymatically by using kits

Results: The results of triglycerides level in blood increase in patients with type2 diabetes (245.12 ± 21.98

mg/dl as compared with control group 134.60 ± 8.45 mg/dl ), the level of cholesterol in blood also increase in

patients with type2 diabetes (253.70 ±4.79 mg/dl as compared with control group 185.44 ± 7.85 mg/dl ), and

the level of HbA1c increase in patients with type2 diabetes (8.29 ± 0.21 mg/dl as compared with control 5.11

± 0.08 mg/dl).

Conclusions: Blood levels of HbA1c have a significant correlation with levels of blood sugar and can give a

clear idea about glycaemic control in the past three months and hence can be used as a preferred method to

assess glycaemic control in diabetic.

Key words

Dyslipedemia, Diabetes mellitus type 2, Cholesterol, HbAlc



28-30 June 2020

27


Effects of Smoking on Serum Liver Enzymes and Lipids levels among Male

Smokers in Babylon City

Haider Turkey Al-mousawi1,* and Qabas Neamah Al-Hajjar2

1Faculty of Biotechnology, Al-Qasim Green University, Al-Qasim, Iraq

2Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kufa University, Najaf, Iraq


Abstract

Background: Cigarette smoking currently is considering one of the greatest problems in public health worldwide

and is risk factor for peripheral vascular disorders and heart disease. The monitoring of liver function and total

cholesterol are very important to give an estimation of the future cardiovascular diseases among smokers.

Objectives & Methodology: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of cigarette smoking on the

serum levels of liver enzymes: aspartate aminotransferase (GOT), alanine transaminase (GPT) and cholesterol

activities among Iraqi smokers in Babylon city, compared to apparently healthy individuals (non-cigarette

smokers) as a control group (all were males). Methods: A case- control study was carried out on forty Iraqi male

smokers who smoked at least 10 cigarettes per day for at least15 years. The group includes smokers with age

range between 15-55 years. Non-smokers, (control, n=20) group were collected with the same range of age for

statistical comparison. The whole blood samples were drawn by venipuncture from each member; levels of

cholesterol and liver functions test were estimated in the blood serum of smokers and non-smokers by diagnostic

kit (Randox corporation-UK) using automatic analyzer.

Results: The findings of this study showed that there was a significant higher level of total cholesterol, ALT, and

AST in the smokers group compared to non-smokers (P<0.05). As well as, the results showed a significant positive

correlation between the smoker’s age and serum GOT, GPT and cholesterol activity (Increasing) especially in age

between 45 to 55 years old, as compared to control. In addition, total cholesterol and liver function enzymes were

significantly positive correlated with the duration of smoking (P<0.05).

Conclusions: Cigarette smoking leads to oxidative stress by free radical generation by the mechanism of lipid

peroxidation that affected by the heaviness of smoking. Smoking exerts negative influence on liver functions test

that should be carefully interpreted and preventive strategies needed to avoid the future cardiovascular diseases.

Key words

Liver enzymes, Aspartate aminotransferase GOT, Alanine transaminase (GPT).



28-30 June 2020

28


Bioactivity of Anise Oil and Moringa oleifera Leaf Extracts on Gene Expression of Keratinases

Produced by Trichophyton rubrum

Ali Jalil Obaid1, Jawad K. Abood Al-Janabi2,* and Wijdan Redtha Taj-Aldin1

1Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Babylon, Hilla, Iraq.

2Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq.


Abstract

Background: Trichophyton rubrum is the most common dermatophyte species. It is the most frequent cause of

fungal skin infections in humans worldwide.

Objectives & Methodology: The aim of the current study is searching for effective and safe antifungal agents.

Investigating the phytochemical bioactive properties as well as characterization of medicinal plants (Pimpinella

anisum, which is essential oil as well as leaf extracts of Moringa oleifera) including their impact on gene

expression of keratinases that T. rubrum produced with the use of Real Time PCR. Protease inhibitor, which is cut

off from M. oleifera mature leaves displayed pronounced capability of hindering keratinase activity of T. rubrum.

Results: It is clear from the outcome that in the present study, chemical compounds and plants extracts exhibited

considerable inhibitory impacts on gene expression through down regulation of keratinase enzyme in strains of T.

rubrum. It has been proved by MTT assay that anethole is secure since phototherapeutic agents, when it has no

impact on normal cell, despite the fact that the activity displayed is anticancer against cancer cell. Astragalin,

Anise oil, M. oleifera crud inhibitor, anethole and Cryptochlorogenic acid exhibited high inhibitory impacts on

keratinase enzyme gene expression in the strains of KP979787 and T. rubrum KP979791.

Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, nearly all of these outcomes are innovative finding.

Key words

Keratinase, Trichophyton rubrum, MTT assay, Moringa oliefera, Antifungal, Real Time PCR.



28-30 June 2020

29


Detection of Autoantibody Anti-TPO (Thyroid Peroxidase) in Patients with Thyroiditis in Al-

Hilla City

Fuad Ghazi Hassan

Medical Laboratories Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq


Abstract

Background: The study was designed to evaluate the relationship between thyroiditis and auto-antibody thyroid

peroxidase (Anti-TPO) using Chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) is a promising approach for selective,

sensitive, rapid, and simple analysis and gland dysfunction, with the aim of finding a clinically useful value of

thyroid peroxidase antibodies, which could prove to be predictive for clinical immune thyroiditis detection and for

prevent failure.

Objectives & Methodology: The study was conducted on 46 patients (36 women and 10 men) with clinical signs

of thyroid disorder, ages ranging from 15–65 years (mean age: 44.5 ± 15.0), Analysis of serum samples for TSH,

T3and T4 concentration and the concentration of anti-TPO was conducted using (CLIA) as sensitive simple and

rapid analysis test.

Results: The most common disorder was hypothyroidism and sub clinical hypothyroidism 25 (54%). Anti-TPO

titers above reference range normal values were observed in 19 patients (41.3%): 13 patients (68.4 %) were hypo

and sub-hypothyroidism. The anti-TPO serum levels correlated both in patients with age and clinical signs, and the

anti-TPO was negative in control group.

Conclusions: According to the present study, anti- TPO antibody has been significantly associated with thyroid

dysfunction; it can be used as diagnostic marker for thyroid autoimmune disease. It can be postulated that the

anti-TPO should be measured in the general for patients with thyroiditis in order to improve autoimmune thyroid

disorder screening and to detection of some false positive subjects. In this way, many people could avoid

complications of undiagnosed, insidious thyroid failure.

Key words

TPO, CLIA, Thyroiditis, TSH, T3 & T4



28-30 June 2020

30


Evolution and Effectiveness of Colorimetric Approach for Investigation of Ceftriaxone

Medicine as a Pure Form and in Formulation Vials

Mohauman Mohammad Majeed AL-Rufaie1,* and Zahraa Yosif Motaweq2

1Chemistry Department, College of Science, Kufa University, Kufa, Iraq

2Biology Department, College of Science, Kufa University, Kufa, Iraq

E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]

Abstract

Background: Aceftriaxone medicine is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. As another (3 generation

cephalosporins), it has broad spectrum effectiveness versus gram positive as well as gram negative bacteria.

Diverse approaches for analyses of the studied medicine are obtainable but are costly and time consuming

Objectives & Methodology: Therefor we have sophisticated developed novel, easy, simple as well as

accurate colorimetric approach for investigation of ceftriaxone medicine as a pure form and in formulation

vials by depending on a specific color-generated reaction.

Results: This reaction involves the Schiff 's base formation reaction between ceftriaxone drug with alcoholic

4- di ethyl amino benzaldehyde (DEAB) reagent to produce a new ligand that reacts with cobalt (II) ion with

heating to (50°C) in acidic media to form green colored complex exhibiting λmax at 496 nm. The medicine

conformed with the Beer’s law with linearity observed between (2 –52) μg/ml and correlation coefficient of

0.9992 .The analyses results were supported by LOD, LOQ, accuracy, recovery studies, ruggedness and

precision.

Conclusions: The approach was established to be robust and economical.

Key words

Ceftriaxone, Evolution and Effectiveness, Colorimetric approach



28-30 June 2020

31


ABO Blood Group as a Risk Factor Affect Herpes Zoster Incidence in Babylon Province

H.S. Naher1,*, M.K. Al-Hatab2 and Zainab A. Tolaifeh3

1Department of Pathological Analysis Techniques, AL-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq.

2College of Medicine, Babylon University, Hilla, Iraq.

3College of Science for Girls, Babylon University, Hilla, Iraq.


Abstract

Background: The samples included in this study were collected from dermatology department of the consultant

clinic in Marjan Teaching Hospital to investigate certain immunological markers of patients with shingles. The ages

of patients included in this study ranged between 14 to 80 years.

Objectives & Methodology: Three ml of vinous blood were collected from studied group (50 cases of herpes

zoster infection and 30 healthy persons), the age of two groups range from 14-80 years. ABO blood groups were

detected in patients. Blood samples left in the room temperature at 30 minutes. Then serum was separated by

centrifuge at the 4000 rpm for 5 minutes. The sera samples stored at -20c in deep freeze until the time of analysis

was carried out. Diagnosis of infection was done by dermatologist and by indirect immunofluorescence assay by

using kit manufactured by VIROIMMUN Labor-Diagnostic Company (Germany).

Results: The results revealed that the patients group of age 40 to 61 years have the highest percentage of

infection reaching up to 46%. The immunofluorescence test for Varicella Zoster virus-specific IgG showed that 48

out 50 are positive (96%). The higher percentage of infection with shingles was found in females which accounted

for 54%, in comparison with the percentage of males patients which accounted for 46%. The results showed that

patients with blood group (O+) are more accessible for infection, the infection rate accounted for 50% in this

study.

Conclusions: Blood groups have direct and significant role in infections by acting as receptors or/and co-receptors

for microbes, viruses and parasites. Several antigens of blood groups simplify intra-cellular up taking, transduction

of signals and adhesion via membrane domains organization.

Key words

Zoster incidences, Gender, Age, Blood group.



28-30 June 2020

32


Mechanical Dyssynchrony in Dilated Cardiomyopathy and Relation to Severity, Etiology and

ECG

Ahlam Kadhim Abbood1,*, Haider Jabbar Al-Ghizzi2 and Zainab F. Hassan1

1College of Medicine , University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq

2College of Medicine, University of Kerbala, Kerbala, Iraq


Abstract

Background: cardiac impairment is a main cause of mortality throughout the word and despite optimal

medical treatment still carries high mortality.

Objectives & Methodology: Aim of the study is to evaluate the prevalence of intraventricular dyssynchrony

in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy patients and its relation to underlying etiology, QRS with and

severity of systolic dysfunction. This cross sectional study included 58 patients with cardiomyopathy of

ischemic (ICM) and non-ischemic cause (NCM). Inclusion criteria include type II- IV NYHA patients.

Mechanical dysynchrony (intraventricular dyssynchrony) assessed by m-mode, pulsed Doppler, TDI and 2D

speckle tracking. Assessment of left ventricular systolic function was by ejection fraction and stroke volume.

Prevalence of mechanical indices in DCM and their relation to underlying etiology, QRS duration and severity

of LV systolic dysfunction were done.

Results: Prevalence of intraventricular dyssynchrony indices was more in NCM than ICM except PSI was

more in ICM, and there was significant association of these indices with QRS width. There was non-

significant negative correlation between these indices and LV systolic indices.

Conclusions: Mechanical dyssynchrony indices affected by the underlying etiology and by the QRS width and

severity of LV systolic dysfunction associated with existence of the mechanical dyssynchrony.

Key words

Dilated cardiomyopathy, Mechanical dyssynchrony , Intraventricular dyssynchrony



28-30 June 2020

33


Role of Tissue Doppler in Early Detection of Left Ventricular Dysfunction in Β Thalassemic

Patients of Pediatric Age Group

Zainab F. Hassan, Mohanad K. Shukur Alghanimi and Ahlam Kadhim Abbood

College of Medicine, Babylon University, Baghdad, Iraq


Abstract

Background: Heart failure due to increase serum iron level is a major fatal cause in patients with Beta

thalassemia. Echocardiography is a non-invasive tool that plays a major role in detection of cardiovascular

disease. The aim of the study is Early detection of cardiac impairment in beta thalassemia by bed site

technique (advanced echocardiography) in order to overcome the time and cost of other technique (T2

CMR).

Objectives & Methodology: This is a case control study included 51 thalassemic patients mean age (11 ±2.8

year), 40 control (mean age 10± 2.7 year) they had attended to thalassemic center in obstetric and paediatric

hospital in Hilla from 1 January 2019 to 4 March 2019. All pt and control underwent conventional

echocardiography and tissue Doppler image (TDI).

Results: β Thalassemic Patients (β-TM) had significantly higher left ventricular end diastolic and systolic

diameter index, LVEDDI (41.5±13.7vs. 31.8±7.5; P = 0.000) and LVESDI (25.7±6.2 vs. 20.9±6.7; P = 0.000) ( On

the other hand there are no differences in ejection fraction and systolic fraction between patients and

control (P>0.05) .Additionally pulmonary capillary wedge pressure are more in patients than in control (11.6

± 4 vs. 9.7 ± 1; P = 0.000)

Conclusions: Advanced echocardiography including tissue Doppler imaging has important role for early

detection of cardiac dysfunction in β-TM patients.

Key words

Thalassemia, Tissue Doppler image (TDI)



28-30 June 2020

34


The Antibacterial Activity of Punica granatum Peel Extract Against

Staphylococcus Aureus Isolated From Wound Infection

Sara Aqeel Hassan1 and Eman Wahab Kadhum2

1 Medical laboratory Techniqueis, Al-Safwa University College, Karbala, Iraq

2 Medical laboratory Techniqueis, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq

E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]

Abstract

Background: Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is an ancient fruit with numerous phytochemical bioactive

compounds, with potential antimicrobial activity. In this study the antibacterial activity of Punica granatum

peel water extracts was conducted against Staphylococcus aureus. Staphylococcus aureus was obtained from

Al–Hussein medical hospital in Karbala, isolated and diagnosed from wound infection.

Objectives & Methodology: In this study fresh pomegranate fruits were purchased from a local market.

Peels were removed and dried. The sample was spread out during daylight hours for 5 days until it dried to

brittleness. Dried pericarp was then taken for grinding by the help of mixer grinder. Then powdered form of

plant sample was used throughout the study.

Results: The effect of Punica granatum peel water extracts shows antibacterial activity against tested

bacteria with inhibition zone (20mm) (22mm) and (24mm).

Conclusions: According to the findings of this study, the pomegranate peel extracts showed antibacterial

activities against Staphylococcus aureus and may be used as medicine for humans. This reduces the cost and

the risk of antibiotic consumption.

Key words

Staphylococcus aureus, Antibacterial activity, Punica granatum.



28-30 June 2020

35


Synthesis and Characterizations of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Loaded

Chloramphenicol for Antibacterial Applications

E.F. Khalfa1, Z.H. Nafaee1, F.N. Abdullah1, G.S. Bdair1, R.M. Niema1, H.D. Salman1 and F.H. Hussein1,2,*

1College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq

2Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq


Abstract

Background: This study concentrated on using nanoparticles as antibacterial agent.

Objectives & Methodology: Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were synthesized via a precipitated chemical

method for antibacterial applications by Zn (NO3)2.4H2O as precursor. The synthesized ZnO NPs were modified

by loading with chloramphenicol as a biologically active compound. The characterization of ZnO NPs was

investigated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). The morphology of

ZnO NPs synthesized from Zn (NO3)2.4H2O via SEM images indicates that ZnO NPs having diameter range

approximately (50-100 nm). The FTIR measurements of ZnO NPs also confirm the successful production of ZnO

nanoparticles. Chloramphenicol was adsorbed on ZnO nanoparticles at room temperature using 10% ethanol as

solvent. The intensity absorption of the chloramphenicol at 278nm after loading on ZnO NPs was lower than

chloramphenicol at (278nm) after loading on ZnO non nanoparticles due to increase of ZnO NPs surface area.

However, adsorption of chloramphenicol on both types of ZnO was proportional with the concentration.

Results: The synthesized ZnO NPs loaded with chloramphenicol were validated for antibacterial activity against S.

aureus, Acinetobacter, P. aeroginosa, E. coli, and K. pneumoniae. Generally, ZnO NPs loaded with

chloramphenicol (100 mg/mL) had better response for S. aureus and Acinetobacter while MIC against P.

aeroginosa and E. coli was 300 mg/ml. On the contrary, K. pneumoniae was the most resistant bacteria in this test

and didn’t exhibit any response to the action of (ZnO) Nanoparticles at any concentration.

Conclusions: Using of nanotechnology represents an innovative procedure to develop and test new

pharmaceutical formulations based on metallic nanoparticles antibacterial properties. Zinc oxide nanoparticles

loaded chloramphenicol showed a good antibacterial activity.

Key words

Biological Applications, Chloramphenicol, Zinc Oxide, Zinc Oxide Characterizations, Zinc Oxide Synthesis, Zinc

Oxide Nanoparticles.



28-30 June 2020

36


Cell Phones Contamination by Bacterial Infection Among Medical Students at AL- Mustaqbal

University College, Babylon, Iraq

Afrah Jawad Al-Zwaid1*, Hyam A. AL-Hasoon2, Ula Abbas3

1Department of Anaesthesia Techniques, AL-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq.

2Department of Biology, College of Science, Babylon University, Iraq.

3Department of Pathological Analytic Techniques, AL-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq.


Abstract

Background: This study aimed to examine the presence of bacteria on the surfaces of different types of cell

phones that are used frequently by students, inside and outside of medical laboratories.

Objectives & Methodology: The cross-sectional study identified both pathogenic and nonpathogenic

bacteria on cell phones of 90 medical students at AL-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq, using

standard microbiological methods.

Results: Out of 90 cell phones screened, 30 were contaminated with bacteria. Coagulase-negative

staphylococci were the most abundant isolates. Gram-positive bacteria were isolated from samples.

Conclusions: Our findings indicate that cell phones can act as reservoirs of both pathogenic and

nonpathogenic organisms. Therefore, full guidelines about restricting the use of cell phones in laboratory

environments, hand hygiene, and frequent decontamination of mobile devices are recommended at an early

stage in university, to limit the risk of cross-contamination and healthcare-associated infections caused by

cell phones.

Key words

Cell phone, Bacteria contamination, Pathogenic, Nonpathogenic bacteria



28-30 June 2020

37


Treating of Aphthus Ulcer for Medically Compromised Patients by Using Prednisolone Mixed

with Glycerin as Topical Application

Ali F. Hassan, Ayman H. Altamimi and Ali M. Alyassiri

College of Dentistry, University of Babylon, Hilla, IRAQ


Abstract

Background: The history of traumatic events as oral ulceration that occurred to biting during talking,

secondary to mastication, mechanical trauma, electrical, chemical, thermal conditions, or recurrent

conditions.

Objectives & Methodology: Assessment efficiency of topical application of corticosteroid in oral

mucosalulcerations as modification for systemic using in medically compromised patients. Ten patients

participated in this study as case series with age range of 50-70 years old (both males and females randomly

array) and with different systemic diseases (hypertensive, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular pathology and

thyroid conditions). Prednisolone mixed with glycerin was used as suspension applied on aphthus ulcer

topically.

Results: All the patients that submissive to the treatment protocol of this work showed a complete healing

after 3-5 days of treatment.

Conclusions: The therapeutic benefit of corticosteroids lies in their anti-inflammatory and

immunomodulation properties which make them highly effective in the management of oral mucosal

lesions. The topical applications of steroids in the healing of oral mucosal ulcerations (mild and moderate

cases) may have advantages as alternative modalities of treatment more than systematic administration

especially when this systemic uses are contraindicated due to its adverse effects.

Key words

Oral Ulcerations, Corticosteroids, Oral mucosal lesions.



28-30 June 2020

38


Evolution of Immunoglobulin IgE Levels for Asthma Patients According to the Gender,

Babylon province, Iraq.

Ola Abbas Khudhair 1, Afrah Jawad Al-Zwaid2*, Rasha Fadhel Obaid2 and Aseel Jawad3

1Department of Medical Laboratories techniques, AL-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq.

2Department of anesthesia techniques, AL-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq.

3Center of Asthma and Allergy Disease, Hilla, Babylon, Iraq.


Abstract

Background: Immunoglobulin E and associated cellular responses are responsible for allergic airway

diseases. A hypersensitivity reaction initiated by immunologic mechanisms, mediated by IgE antibodies

occurs in allergic asthma.

Objectives & Methodology: The objectives of present study were to estimate the levels of total serum IgE in

asthmatic and healthy subjects. The study included measured the levels of total serum IgE using the ELISA

kits (AccuBind, Monobind Inc., USA).

Results: The results showed that asthmatic individuals had significantly highest level of total serum IgE

compared to that of the healthy individuals. In the present study, subjects and collection of blood samples a

total of 250 (160 asthmatic and 90 control). Age and sex matched healthy subjects with no history of

respiratory disorder, other atopic signs and symptoms, parasitic infection, were considered as control

subjects.

Conclusions: Serum Immunoglobulin E levels were high in asthmatics as compared to normal subjects. On an

average, the levels increased as the severity of asthma increased. However, there was no statistically

significant correlation since the variability in each level of asthma was very large.

Key words

Allergy, Immunoglobulin E, Inflammation



28-30 June 2020

39


Choline Deficient Diet: A New Challenge

Hussam Al-Humadi1,2

1Clinical Pharmacy Department, Pharmacy College, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq

2Dean, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq


Abstract

Background: Choline is an essential dietary component that maintains normal functions and integrity of the

body cells, it is vital in brain development. It is a biological molecule that present in tissue as

phosphatidylcholine or sphingomyeline, it was officially approved as an essential nutrient for the

maintenance of health. Choline up-take by different major body organs such as brain, liver, kidneys, placenta

and mammary glands for sustenance of normal metabolism. A series of inflammatory reactions as termed

systemic inflammatory response syndrome activate by bacterial endotoxins are called sepsis which remains

as a critical clinical condition that associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality and related multiple

organ dysfunction, immunological imbalance is associated with deteriorated outcome in septic patients.

Choline deficient state is common and can be seen in different physiological and pathological states that

draw its role on the pathway of the septic condition. Therefore, assessment of the nutritional status have a

significant impact in improving treatment output, healing process and prognosis, taking into consideration

the diversity in the manifestations of sepsis and heterogenicity of patients. In this study, findings from

different studies and different models explored the importance of this essential substance in driving

different inflammatory and immune pathways to augment healing process and avoidance predictable

unwanted complication.

Key words

Choline, Choline deficient diet, Inflammatory response, Immune response.



28-30 June 2020

40


In vitro Quality Evaluation and Antibacterial Efficacy of Ciprofloxacin Tablets Obtained from

Different Companies in Community Pharmacies

Rafal Al-Saigh1,*, Fatima Alzubaidi2, Hussam Al-Humadi3, Charis Liapi4

1Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, Pharmacy College, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq

2Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Pharmacy College, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq

3Clinical Pharmacy Department, Pharmacy College, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq

4Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens. 75, Mikras

Asias, Goudi, 11527, Athens, Greece


Abstract

Background: Ciprofloxacin is a synthetic second generation fluoroquinolone with a broad spectrum, bactericidal activity. The aim of study was to determine the amount of ciprofloxacin in the tablet of the brand A Company (Switzerland) and other generic companies (B (England), C (India) and D (China), the in vitro dissolution rate, in addition to the antimicrobial activity using reference low to high level quinolone resistant bacteria.

Objectives & Methodology: Tablets from each company were individually weighed and grinded to powder, then a measured amount of the powder that was dissolved in the mobile phase to prepare a concentration of ciprofloxacin 100µg/ml. The prepared solutions were filtered and diluted achieve a final concentration of ciprofloxacin of 20 µg/ml that were injected directly into HPLC and then interpolated with the quantity of ciprofloxacin in (mg) for each company tablet. The in vitro rate of dissolution was evaluated for all pharmaceutical companies and compared by calculating the difference factor (ƒ1) and similarity factor (ƒ2). Antimicrobial effect was studied minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method for reference strains of Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 and Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 33499.

Results: Ciprofloxacin content was approved within the accepted range for all companies except D company that was higher value. The dissolution testing for A and B manufacturer can be considered as very rapidly dissolving (> 85%) within 15 minutes while for D company was < 80% during the first 30 minutes. Determination of MIC for 24 hrs of 0.128-500 mg/L ciprofloxacin, for all strains, the growth were decreased with higher ciprofloxacin concentrations with best results seen in A and B and the lowered with D.

Conclusions: For ciprofloxacin tablet of A, B and C companies were approved in accordance with the quality test; while ciprofloxacin tablet of D company failed because its ciprofloxacin content is higher than allowed with lower antimicrobial activity, so it's important to improve its quality control to get maximum pharmaceutical effect.

Key words

Equivalent and Quality Assessment, Antibacterial Activity, Ciprofloxacin, Dissociation Rate, MIC, Quality

Control



28-30 June 2020

41


The Antibacterial Activity of Punica granatum Peel Extract Against

Staphylococcus Aureus Isolated From Wound Infection

Sara Aqeel Hassan1 and Eman Wahab Kadhum2

1 Medical laboratory Techniqueis, Al-Safwa University College, Karbala, Iraq

2 Medical laboratory Techniqueis, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq


Abstract

Background: Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is an ancient fruit with numerous phytochemical bioactive

compounds, with potential antimicrobial activity. In this study the antibacterial activity of Punica granatum

peel water extracts was conducted against Staphylococcus aureus. Staphylococcus aureus was obtained from

Al–Hussein medical hospital in Karbala, isolated and diagnosed from wound infection.

Objectives & Methodology: In this study fresh pomegranate fruits were purchased from a local market.

Peels were removed and dried. The sample was spread out during daylight hours for 5 days until it dried to

brittleness. Dried pericarp was then taken for grinding by the help of mixer grinder. Then powdered form of

plant sample was used throughout the study.

Results: The effect of Punica granatum peel water extracts shows antibacterial activity against tested

bacteria with inhibition zone (20mm) (22mm) and (24mm).

Conclusions: According to the findings of this study, the pomegranate peel extracts showed antibacterial

activities against Staphylococcus aureus and may be used as medicine for humans. This reduces the cost and

the risk of antibiotic consumption.

Key words

Staphylococcus aureus, Antibacterial activity, Punica granatum.



28-30 June 2020

42


Incidence of Cronobacter sakazakii in Iraqi Infants with Neonatal Sepsis

Jabbar S. Hassan

Al-Nehrain University Medical College, Baghdad, Iraq.


Abstract

Background: Neonatal sepsis is one of the main sources of morbidity and mortality in term and preterm infants.

Bacterial infections are the causes of the vast majority of neonatal sepsis. Cronobacter sakazakii has been

emerged as foodborne human pathogen and a causative agent for life-threatening bacterial infection in infants.

Objectives & Methodology: To investigate the incidence and risk factors associated with C. sakazakii infection in a

sample of Iraqi neonates using molecular methods.

Results: Venous blood was obtained from 100 neonates 1 days to 30 day-old who were admitted to Al Imamain

Al-Kadhumain Medical City, Baghdad/Iraq. After DNA was extracted from leukocytes, specific oligonucleotide

primers for C. sakazakii were used in conventional PCR to amplify 282bp in internal transcribed spacer (ITS)

between small and large subunit of ribosomal RNA gene. Association of different risk factors with the infection

was determined by logistic regression test.

Conclusions: Molecular methods for detection C. sakazakii revealed positive amplification in 16 samples (16%).

Regarding prenatal risk factors results showed, six children (37.5%) positive for this bacterium had home delivery

compared to only 15.47% of those who were negative. Among postnatal factors, only feeding method had a

significant association with C. sakazakii infections where 68.75% of positive cases had received powdered infant

formula (PIF) compared to 39.28% of negative cases who received such formula. Interestingly, 12 children (75%)

who were positive for C. sakazakii have died compared with 18 (21.43%) among those who were negative for this

bacterium.

Key words

Cronobacter sakazakii, Powdered infant formula (PIF), Internal transcribed spacer (ITS), Postnatal Risk

Factors, Prenatal Risk factor.



28-30 June 2020

43


Preparation and In Vitro and In Vivo Studies of Vitamin B12 Loaded Implants

Jabar A Faraj1, Shaimaa M. Mohammed1, Sabah Nema Al- Thamer1, Ihab I. Al-Khalifa2, Kadum A. Al Shareffi1

and Pattric P. Deluca3 1Pharmacy Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq 2Pharmacy Department, Al-Rasheed University College, Baghdad, Iraq 3University of Kentucky, Lexington Kentucky, USA

E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Background: Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) is essential for normal RBC formulation, nerve, proteins in the body, certain enzyme reactions, and neurologic function. Vitamin B12 is given both as an oral supplement and intramuscular single dose with multiple and consecutive treatment in an injections. Long-acting formulations are required with the use of polymeric biodegradable implants. Objectives & Methodology: This study focuses specifically on the formulation of sterilized vitamin B12 loaded implants by using a biodegradable polymeric implant, poly-lactic glycolic acid (PLGA). In addition to the establishment of in-vitro release of vitamin B12 as a function of time. One set of in-vitro parameters to demonstrate in-vivo serum concentration and release for implants using a single PLGA polymer in rats. Results: Six sterilized different batches with EO (ethylene oxide) of vitamin B12 loaded implants were produced while varying the process parameters to obtain the desired target product profile. A full characterization of the polymeric formulation was performed to understand the mechanism of release and only four of them were tested on rats. Sterilization had no significant effect on drug content in implants. It was found that B12 would not be adversely affected by potentially low pH environments that could exist within implants. An in-vitro release study of vitamin B12 from biodegradable polymeric implants was studied and followed over 50 days. The key characteristics of in-vitro release profile include minimum initial burst, lag period of one week, and sigmoid release profile during the release phase for all batches. An in-vivo pharmacokinetic profile from PLGA implants were tested in rats for the four selected batches over 30 days to assess the prospect of creating a long term, sterile, drug delivery system for B12 supplementation. The onset was rapid and serum concentration was approximately 6-12 ng/ml at 10 days and decreased to about 2-4 ng/ml at 15 day and followed by increasing to 28 ng/ml 30 days. Although implants were removed at 45 days, there was no detectable B12 in serum and this was consistent with residual B12 content in the extracted implants. Conclusions: One of the challenges in developing the parenteral controlled release implant formulation is to control the initial burst that contributes to unwanted side effects. During this stage of the development, vitamin B12 loaded implants using a published know-how that demonstrates low to no initial burst, and drug content within the target. Most importantly, in vivo release profile of the four selected batches produced with different process was almost similar. Key words

Vitamin B12, Biodegradable polymer, Pharmacokinetics, Cyanocobalamin, Implants, PLGA.



28-30 June 2020

44


The Effect of Smoking on the High-Density Lipoprotein HDL, Low Density

Lipoprotein LDL, and Triacylclecrol TG

Zaenab Mohsen Najem

Department of Pathological Analysis Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq.


Abstract

Background: The study included the collection of 100 blood samples from different smokers in Al-Mustaqbal

College. After the separation of the samples in the serum isolation centrifuge, the analysis was carried out to

measure HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, LDL and TGD, and to compare laboratory results with the normal

proportions of smokers. It was found that smoking had an effect on cholesterol, Also, the effect of the amount of

sugars per day was studied. As we conclude from previous researches and studies, the higher the number of

cigarettes, the higher the risk of heart disease, regardless of the type of cigarettes.

Objectives & Methodology: Compare the practical results obtained after following the method of work taken

from Kit and apply them to the collected samples and compare them with the normal values.

Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between smokers and non-smokers in the

mean values of triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol. Smokers had higher levels of triglycerides, LDL-

cholesterol and lower levels of HDL-cholesterol compared to the non-smokers group.

Conclusions: The results showed that the proportion of low-density lipids and triglycerides increased in smokers

compared to nonsmokers (control group) while the proportion of high-density lipids decreased by a significant

percentage, which is a result of matching the previous studies mechanism.

Key words

Cholesterol, LDL, HDL, TG, Smoking.



28-30 June 2020

45


Knowledge of the Mothers toward Sanitation and Hygiene in Relation to Childhood

Gastroenteritis in Babylon Province

Sijal Fadhil Farhood Al Joborae1,*, Fadhil Farhood Mekki Al Joborae2 and Ihab Raad Abbas Abid Ali3

1Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Babylon, Hilla, Iraq.

2College of Medicine, University of Babylon, Hilla, Iraq.

3College of Science for Girls, University of Babylon, Hilla, Iraq.


Abstract

Background: The importance of diarrhoea in infants in Babylon Province in Central Iraq cannot be underestimated

as it is a serious impediment to the health and development of children in this resource-strained region of the

country. Locally diarrhoea is a major cause of attendance at health facilities, remains at the forefront of causes of

admission to many of the hospitals in the province, and a significant and often preventable cause of death. Local

beliefs in the Middle East about causes of diarrhoea in infants are different from country to country and from

culture to culture and this no more true than in Babylon Province.

Objectives & Methodology: To analyze the socio-demographic factors related to sanitation and hygiene regarding

childhood gastroenteritis in Babylon Province. To outline the main local knowledge, of mothers and care givers

about childhood gastroenteritis. A cross sectional study was conducted in Babylon Province, Iraq. It was carried on

400 respondents attending primary health care centres and paediatric clinics for treatment of gastroenteritis,

during the period from 1st January 2019 to the 1st May 2019.

Results: In Babylon Province attacks of diarrhoea tends to occur early in life prior to 12 months of age despite the

fact that close to three quarters of affected infants were in schedule with Rota Vaccine timetable. A staggering

94% of affected infants were not fed naturally, reflecting the declining rates of natural feeding in the Province.

Conclusions: One third of the study population was born with a weight less than 2500g and over half were born

via Caesarean section. Mothers of affected infants tend to be mostly rural, teenaged and poorly educated. There

is a notable deficiency of knowledge about ways of contracting childhood gastroenteritis.

Key words

Gastroenteritis, Childhood.



28-30 June 2020

46


Isolation and Identification of Dermatophytes Causing

Dermatophytosis in Hilla City-Iraq

Nibras A.A. Hindy*,1 and Abid-Ali A. Abiess2

1Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Al-Imam Al-Sadiq Teaching Hospital, Hilla, lraq. 2Department

of Pathological Analysis Technique, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq


Abstract

Background: Dermatophytes are a group of closely related keratinophilic and keratinolytic filamentous fungi,

which is most commonly of the Trichophyton genus and less commonly of the Micrcisporum or Epidermophyton

genera. Cutaneous fungal infection is divided into superficial and deep mycosis, superficial infection is limited to

the stratum corneum that affecting the skin (Tinea corporis, Tinea cruris, Tinea pedis), hair (Tinea capitis), beard

(Tinea barbae), nails (onychomycosis or Tinea unguium).

Objectives & Methodology: The purpose of this study was to determine the dermatophyte species causing

superficial fungal infections among patients attending the dermatology out-patient clinic in Al-Imam Al-Sadiq

Teaching Hospital of Hilla city, Babylon Province, Iraq during the period from June 2017 to May 2018. 129 samples

were examined by 10 % KOH and cultured on sabouraud's dextrose agar with cyclohexamide and chloramphenicol

to identify the dermatophytes species. All skin, hair and nail samples from clinically suspected cases of

dermatophytosis were included in the study.

Results: 74 females and 55 males were considered as the total number of patients selected. Dermatophytes were

isolated from 95 out of I29 patients, were included in this study. The isolated Dermatophytes include

predominantly Trichophytone species [T. rubrum 19(20%), T. verrucosum 11(11.57%) and T. violaceum

11(11.57%)], followed by Microsporum species [M. gypseum 10(10.52), M. canis, 7 (7.36%) and M. nanum

6(6.31%) all rated from high to low incidence. Tinea unguium was the most common 31(32.63%) clinical type of

dermatophytosis encountered in our study, as compared to other types like tinea pedis 23 (24.21%) , tinea capitis

20(21.05%), tinea mannum 13(13.68%), tinea barbae 5(5.26%) and tinea corporis 3(3.15%). The study also shows

that the incidence of Dermatophytosis is higher in females with 61(64.21%) case, compared to males with

34(35.79%) case.

Key words

Dermatophytes, Dermatophytosis



28-30 June 2020

47


Studying of Certain Immunological Parameters in the

Province of Babylon for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Marwa Fadhil Alsaffar1,*, Zahraa Haleem1 and Mohammed Naser Hussian2

1Department of Pathological - Analysis Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq

2College of medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq


Abstract

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease with variable

clinical presentation. SLE can affect all organs and the involvement of major organs can be life threatening.

Lupus can affect many parts of the body, including the joints, skin, kidneys, heart, lungs, blood vessels, and

brain. The exact pathological mechanisms of SLE remain elusive, and the etiology of SLE is known to be

multifactorial (Mokbel et al., 2015).

The study subjects comprised from 30 patients suffer from SLE randomly collected from Merjan teaching

hospital (28 female and 2 male) as SLE patients group with age average (10-50 year), the control group study

included 15 people apparently healthy that included (9 male and 6 female) with age average (20-50 year),

this the control group group matched with the patient group.

The study subjects comprised from 30 patients suffer from SLE randomly collected from Merjan teaching

hospital (28 female and 2 male) as SLE patients group with age average (10-50 year), the control group study

included 15 people apparently healthy that included (9 male and 6 female) with age average (20-50 year),

this the control group group matched with the patient group.

Patients with SLE were divided by age into groups. The age group (11-20) was the first age group, the

infection rate was 13.4%, while the second age group (21-30) the infection rate was 26.6%, the third age (31-

40) the infection rate was 46.6%, was the highest, and the fourth age group (41-50) the infection rate was

13.4%,

Objectives & Methodology: The study subjects comprised from 30 patients suffer from SLE randomly

selected from Merjan teaching hospital (28 female and 2 male) as SLE patients group with age average (10-

50 year), the control group study included 15 people apparently healthy that included (9 male and 6 female)

with age average (20-50 year), this the control group matched with the patient group.

The included patients according to the 1982 revised systemic lupus erythematosus classification criteria that

include malar rash, discoid rash photosensitivity, oral ulcers, arthritis, serositis, renal disorder, neurologic

disorder, hematologic disorder, immunologic disorder, antinuclear antibody.



28-30 June 2020

48

Estimation of C-reactive protein (CRP) : The level of C-reactive protein was estimated for SLE patients and

healthy as per manufacturer's instructions.

Estimation of ANA and Quantitative estimation of serum Immunoglobulins: Single Radial Immunodiffusion

(SRID) or Mancini method was used. The principle of action was to show a quantitative relationship between

the antigen present in the agarose gel and the antibodies found in the serum. The test was performed

according to the instructions of the processed company.

Results: Results of distribution of study groups by sex showed rate of infection in female was relatively

higher than males 93.3%, 6.7% respectively. And the overall duration of SLE was (73.3%) of SLE patients

suffered from the disease for less than five years duration. (53.4%) of SLE patients were complained from

Rash of different body parts.

Results of ANA test: As the positive result of this test represents ( 80%) of patients, while (20%) of patients

have a negative result. While the results of the measurement of the concentration of the C-reactive protein

showed an increase in the concentration of the age group.

The distribution of SLE patients by immunoglobulin showed the mean IgG was highest among patients with

SLE (1203.05±5.08) mg/dl, while, the mean IgA was highest (125.9±4.35) mg/dL. The mean IgM was among

patients (45.6±4.25) m g/dL.

Conclusions: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus disease is more common among females than males, Patients

with SLE disease have elevated levels of ANA and CRP.In this study, we have shown the differential

expression of IgG, IgM, and IgA ANAs in SLE patients.

Key words

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), ANA test, C-reactive protein, Immunoglobulin



28-30 June 2020

49


Antibody to Aquaporin 4 in the Diagnosis of Iraqi Patients with Neuromyelitis Optica

Eman Sh. AL- Obeidy

Head Of Dialysis Center Lab, Iraq


Abstract

Background: Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) of

autoimmune aetiology. Early differentiation of NMO from MS and other inflammatory and demyelinating diseases

of the CNS is highly desirable. A serum autoantibody (AQP-4 Ab) binding to CNS microvessels, pia, subpia, and

Virchow-Robin spaces was recently identified in patients with NMO, using indirect immunofluorescence.

Objectives & Methodology: To see the frequency of Aquaporin-4 antibody in neuromyelitis optica and NMO

spectrum and its relation to CSF AQP-4 Ab, EDSS, optic involvement and disease relapse rate in a sample of Iraqi

patients. This is a randomized cross-sectional study of patients with NMO who visited the neurological

department in Baghdad teaching hospital and AL Yarmouk teaching hospital. The study extended from September

2017 to October 2018. Twenty patients were enrolled in the study, from each a detailed medical history had been

taken, thorough physical examination was done. Blood samples were sending for AQP4 Ab by using indirect

immunoflourecent assay, CRP and ESR. Also CSF samples were taken to assess AQP4 ab. Expanded Disability

Status Scale (EDSS). EDSS were calculated, Brain and spinal cord MRI, were done to all patients. A revised criterion

was used for diagnosis of NMO.

Results: The study had included 20 patients with NMO that diagnosed according the revise criteria. The mean age

of patients was (23.9± 9) year old. Seventeen (85%) were females and only three (15%) were male. Sixteen

patients (80%) of NMO patients were positive blood AQP4 Ab with mean EDSS (5.41±6). Of those with positive

blood AQP4 Ab, 11 (68.75%) were positive CSF AQP4 Ab and 5 (31.25 %) of them were negative. Four (20 %)

patients of 20 were negative blood AQP4 Ab; all of them were negative CSF AQP4 Ab, with mean EDSS (2.9±4).

Our study shows that patients with blood and CSF AQP4 Ab positive have more relapse rate than that of negative

AQP4 Ab. Patients with positive blood AQP4 Ab show more optic atrophy than that of negative AQP4 Ab and

patients with negative blood and CSF AQP4 Ab have only optic neuritis.

Conclusions: The majority of our patients with NMO were AQP-4 Ab +ve, all seronegative patients were CSF AQP-

4 Ab -ve. Patients with positive blood AQP-4 Ab show more optic atrophy than that of negative AQP-4 Ab and

patients with negative blood and CSF AQP-4 Ab have only optic Atrophy.

Key words

Anti Aquaporine-4 Antibody, Neuromyelitis Optica



28-30 June 2020

50


Effectiveness of a single injection of Pr- IONPS in treatment of iron deficiency anemia

Majida A.J. Al-Qayim1 and Ryaidh Sh Al Hussain2

1Department of Physiology, biochemistry, and Pharmacology College of Veterinary Medicine University of

Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq

2Ministry of Science and Technology, Director of Material Research, Baghdad, Iraq


Abstract

Background: Of the most important health problems that disrupt public health, whether in human or animal is

the Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA). The bone marrow was red blood cells production is the most suffering tissue

from iron deficiency. Here, finding a quick and effective solution has become a target for professionals. There for

the present study aimed to investigate the biogenic Pr- IONPS, with small size, low harmful, less expensive, and

highly effective, to rehomeostasis bone marrow and improve red blood cells indices in iron deficiency anaemia.

Objectives & Methodology: Fifty weaning age female rats were divided into, control group( 10 rats), fed on IAD

(40 mg iron /kg diet ), the others fed on IDD( 5-10 mg iron / kg diet ) for two months, the IDD group then sub

divided in to 4 groups and treated as following, 1st group Iron deficiency anaemia group (IDA),2nd group, Iron

deficient anaemia rats treated I/P with two dosages of Pr-lONPs (iron:30mg /kg B.W) at 10 days interval,(lDA2X),

3rd group Iron deficient anaemia rats treated I/P with single double dosage of Pr-lONPs ( iron: 60mg /kg B.W )

magnetic nanoparticles.,(lDAX2), 4th group Iron deficient anaemia rats treated with multiple I/P injection (IDAD)

of Iron Dextran (iron:30mg /kg B.W) each 72 hours.

Results: Results revealed that after 30 days of treatment anaemic animals with the new Pr-lONPs, showed that

bone marrow hypocellularity and the significantly decreased in M / E ratio of IDA, were recorrected to semi

normal appearance by Pr-lONPs and iron dextran. In addition, erythrocyte indices 1-1b, PCV, RBC, MCH and MCI-

IC were significantly improved. Liver, spleen, and intestine histopathological examination revealed that IDA

caused deleterious changes due to tissue hypoxia, these changes were ameliorated after Pr-lONPs treatment.

Conclusions: Results refers to a the effectiveness of this novel, less cost, and health friendly propolis — IONPs in

rehomeostasis the iron mechanism and could be consider the appropriate solution to the problem of iron

deficiency anaemia when compared with iron dextrin, which requires several injections.

Key words

Iron oxide nanoparticle, Iron deficiency anemia, RBCs indices, Bone marrow, Hemosidrine.



28-30 June 2020

51


Effect of Exogenous Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor on Developing Tooth-

Immunohistochemical Study

Athraa Y. Al-Hijazi and Mohammed Faris

Dentistry Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hillah, Iraq


Abstract

Background: The neurotrophins are a family of closely related proteins include brain-derived neurotrophic

factor (BDNF) that was identified as control factors for a number of aspects of biological activity and function

of other tissues including involvement of growth factor and their expression in developing tissue.

Objectives & Methodology: Twenty pregnant rats, ten of them injected (I.M) with normal saline, other ten

received three doses of 0.1 ml of BDNF, at intervals (0,7,14 day of gestation period). Then embryos at 16th

and 18thintra-uterine life were used for histological study of tooth development and immunohistochemical

evaluation of TGF-beta 1.

Results: Results illustrated an enhancement of tooth germ development, as the experimental group shows

tooth germ at cap to bell stage at 16th day IUL and advanced bell stage at 18th day of IUL. A high significant

difference for the mean of positive dental cells that expressed of TGFβ1 for experimental group in

comparison to control.

Conclusions: The study suggests that BDNF contributes to promoting the differentiation of dental cells

specifically dental pulp and accelerated tooth staging. It effects also on expression of TGFβ1.

Key words

Brain derived neurotrophic factor, Tooth germ, Dental cell, Tooth stage, Embryogenesis, TGFβ1.



28-30 June 2020

52


Leishmaniasis and ecological risk factors in marshlands of Iraq

Hind Mahdi Jarallah

Marine Science Center, Basrah University, Basrah, Iraq


Abstract

Background: Leishmaniasias is a parasitic disease of man and animals, transmitted by the bite of

phlebotomine sand fly. Iraq is considered to be one of the endemic regions in leishmaniasis. There are not

effective and safe medications, the prevention is very important to stop transmission the disease. Iraqi

southern marshes which form a triangle region bound by three major southern cities, Thi-Qar to the west,

Maysan to the northeast and Basrah to the south. The three major marshes: Al-Hammar, the Central

marshes and Al-Huwaiza marshes form the core of the marshlands of southern Iraq.

Objectives & Methodology: This study aimed to determine the main risk factors that increased the infection

with leishmaniasis such as: socio-economic status, malnutrition, population transposes, environmental and

climate changes. Full information of apparently healthy children were collected from one of the parents,

such as age, sex, the education of the mother and father, the building materials of the houses, full address,

presence or absence of dogs, jackals, domestic animals and rodents.

Results: Sand flies were reported in the marshes environmental of Basrah, Maysan and Thi-Qar provinces

100%. The percentage distribution of dog reaches to 100% in Maysan and Thi-Qar, while in Basrah it reaches

to 81%. There are significant differences (p<0.05) among environmental variables in all three provinces.

Conclusions: The climate is the main risk factor for leishmaniasis dissemination; temperature and humidity

are the two most important climatic factors for sand fly survival, development and activity.

Key words

Leishmaniasis, Risk factors, Iraq marshlands



28-30 June 2020

53


Major Histocompatibility Complex Gene Polymorphism in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Patients

Mona N. Al-Terehi1, Zahraa H. Alqiam2, Methak J. Al-Jboori3 and Israa Abdullhaleem1

1College of Science, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq.

2Pathological laboratory technique, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq.

3College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq


Abstract

Background: The major histocompatibility complex (MIC) is one of the MHC class I related genes which

related with autoimmune diseases.

Objectives & Methodology: The present study aims to investigated association between MIC gene

polymorphism in systematic lupus erythrymatous patients in Hilla city, these study implemented using whole

blood genomic DNA using single strand DNA conformation polymorphism (SSCP).

Results: The results of present study show that 190 bp of MIC gene has more than eight haplotypes

observed in patients several of these haplotypes association with disease and other didn’t relation with SLE.

Conclusions: The present study concluded that MIC gene may be having role in the immunity of SLE in Iraqi

patients. This study was one of the serious investigators deal with several immune genes in this disease in

Iraqi SLE.

Key words

Major histocompatibility complex, Systematic lupus erythrymatous, SSCP, Gene polymorphisms.



28-30 June 2020

54


ZnO Nanostructures for Medical Applications

Forat H. Alsultanya* and Yassin H. Khadima

Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, lraq.


Abstract

Background: Zinc oxide (ZnO) semiconductor one dimension 1D nanorods have been shown to have

biocompatibility, low-toxicity, low-cost and fantastic luminescent properties. ZnO nanomaterial have turned into

one of the main candidates for diagnostic and therapeutic functions, drug delivery, bio-imaging which includes

dual-modality imaging, magnetic resonance, as well as fluorescence. It has been recently developed surface to

value ratio of ZnO films for the fabrication of biosensors with improved analytical performance.

Objectives & Methodology: This paper, facilitates epitaxial nucleation and growth of high density vertically

aligned ZnO nanowires with high length investigated by intermittently pumped carrier gas using thermal

evaporation method.

Key words

ZnO, Nanostructures



28-30 June 2020

55


The Relationship between Vitamin D Deficiency and Vitamin D Foki Receptor Gene

Polymorphism of Anemic Patients in Babylon-Province

Asma'a H. Mohamed1, Haider K. Zaidan2 and Ali H. Al-Saadi3

1Department of Radiology Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq

2Departement of scholarships and Cultural Relations, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research,

Baghdad, Iraq

3Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq


Abstract

Background: Vitamin D is a crucial prohormone for hemopoiesis especially the active metabolites calcitriol

which plays the key role in this process. Gene polymorphism of vitamin D (FokI) receptor gene has been

proposed as the major cause of anaemia.

Objectives & Methodology: Study the relationship between gene polymorphism of vitamin D (FokI) receptor

gene and anaemia, with study the correlations with some physiological parameters. A case-control study

including 120 anaemia patients without any kidney disorders have been compared with 60 healthy control

subjects. One single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) FokI was detected by polymerase chain reaction and

restriction fragment length polymorphism technique.

Results: The allele and genotype frequencies of this SNP were find out by Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in

anaemia and control groups. The genetic variation of FokI showed a significant relationship with anaemia.

Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D FokI receptor gene polymorphism markedly influence the

process of blood synthesis in anaemia patients, and also influence the levels of some physiological criteria

such as erythropoietin levels.

Key words

Calcitriol, Hemopoiesis, Vitamin D deficiency, Vitamin D FokI receptors gene polymorphism, Anaemia.



28-30 June 2020

56


Development of an Extended-Release Exenatide Once a Week Depot Formulation

Jabar A Faraj1, Shaimaa M. Mohammed1, Khulood M. Alsaraf2, Sabah Nema Al- Thamer1,

Sharon Ward3 and K. Burton4

1Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq.

2Al-Israa University College, Baghdad, Iraq.

3Evonik Corporation – Birmingham Laboratories, Birmingham, AL 35211, USA

4Cold Stream development laboratories, Lexington, Kentucky, USA


Abstract

Background: Bydureon™ (RLD), the Exenatide extended release formulation depot, has been approved by

Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the USA for a once - weekly treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Exenatide is a synthetic version of exendin-4 with biological properties similar to human glucagon-like

peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonist. In order to achieve enhanced therapeutic efficacy for a prolonged period of time

and reduce the need for frequent injections, recent investigations have focused on development of long-

acting drug delivery systems, such as poly (D, L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres(PLGA-Ms), in order to

achieve enhanced drug bioavailability, sustained drug release, and reduced frequency of injections.

Objectives & Methodology: The purpose of this work was to demonstrate Evonik’s capabilities using its

know-how to develop the processes for exenatide loaded microparticles that matches marketed product,

Bydureon™. This report demonstrates that typical challenges such as initial burst, particle size distribution,

and matching in vivo – in vitro profiles have been achieved successfully. The microparticles were produced

by phase separation process, collected, followed by downstream processing and drying. Various parameters

of the process were modified based on Evonik’s know how to achieve the desired product. Microparticles for

the four Evonik lots and RLD were characterized for the particle size, drug content, and In vitro. A

pharmacokinetic (PK) study in Sprague-Dawley rats was conducted for the four Evonik lots and one lot for

RLD (Bydureon™) for comparison. In addition, Surface characterization SEM was conducted by scanning

electron microscopy (SEM)

Results: RLD IVR profile includes minimum initial burst, lag period of ~3 weeks, and sigmoid release profile

during the release phase. At the initial development stage, Evonik produced formulation meet these criteria.

Further optimization can be implemented to refine the process. In vivo results show the resulting plasma

concentration profiles of the reference product lot in comparison to an Evonik-produced lot. The ratio of

area under curve (AUC) of Evonik formulation compared to RLD is 1.08. This result indicates the in vivo

release profile of the Evonik produced formulation is similar to RLD.



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57

Conclusions: Evonik produced exenatide loaded microparticles using its know-how that demonstrates low to

no initial burst, drug content, and participle size distribution similar to RLD. Most importantly, in vivo release

profile of the Evonik formulation is similar to RLD.

Key words

RLD (Reference Listed Drug), IVR (In Vitro Release Study).



28-30 June 2020

58


The Anti-Diabetic and Anti-Hyperlipidemic Effect of Citrus Maxima Fruit Peel Extract in

Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Shaimaa M. Mohammed1, Haithm Khlaf2, Ahmed Majeed3 and Samer Iset1

1Clinical Chemistry, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq

2Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Israa University, Jordan

3Pharmacology and Toxicology, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq

E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]

Abstract

Background: Consumption of fruits plays a vital role in the prevention and treatment of various diseases. Fruits

are known to be rich sources of polyphynolic compounds, particularly flavonoids. The health benefits of

flavonoids, including antioxidant, antithrombotic, antibiotic, anticancer and vasodilatory. Previous phytochemical

studies showed that pomelo peels contain an abundance of bioactive compounds such as flavonoid and pectin.

Pomelo peel may improve lipid profiles and alleviate hypertension in high fat diet induce obese rats.

Objectives & Methodology: The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of aqueous alcoholic pomelo

peel extract on blood glucose and lipid profile in experimental animals.

Collection of citrus fruit peels - According to the method reported by previous researchers with slight

modifications, aqueous ethanolic extract for pomelo fruit peels was prepared by soaking 10 g of dry

powder of citrus maxima in 100 ml ethanol-water(80:20 v/v) .

Experimental animals - Forty male waster albino rats weighing between 180-250 g were used in this

study.

Induction of diabetes mellitus - DM was induced in all the animals group except normal control group by

single intraperitonial shot of streptozotocin STZ (65 mg/kg) dissolved in citrate buffer ( ph 4.5) . At the

end of the study, days 21, animals from each group sacrificed and blood samples were collected in plain

tubes without ethylene tetraacetic acid (EDTA) were allowed to stand for 30 minutes and clotted.

Results and Conclusion: The results of the present study indicated that Citrus maxima extract possesses

significant antidiabetic activity against streptozotocin induced diabetic rats by decreasing blood glucose levels and

maintaining body weight and serum lipid concentrations to approximate normal.

Key words

Diabetes, glucose tolerance, Citrus maxima fruit peel, Streptozotocin



28-30 June 2020

59


Lysyl Oxidase, Hypoxia Inducible Factor –1 Alpha and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase as

Possible Biological Markers in Bladder Cancer

Shaimaa M. Mohammed1,*, Shatha H. Ali2, Jabar A Faraj3, Sabah Neama AL- Thamer4, Ihab I. Al – Kaliffa5 and

Mohammed S. Kamalf4

1Department of Clinical Chemistry, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq.

2Department of Clinical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy Baghdad University, Hilla, Iraq.

3Department of Pharmaceutics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq.

4Pharmacology and Toxicology, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq.

5Pharmacology and Toxicology, Al-Rasheed University College, Baghdad, Iraq.


Abstract

Background: Several molecules and pathways have been identified to be linked to the pathogenesis of

bladder cancer; while major efforts was directed to characterize molecular alterations to improve disease

prognostication, only a few biomarkers of potential clinical relevance have been identified thus far. The

present study is aimed to estimate the possible contribution of LOX (Lysyl Oxidase), HIF-1α (Hypoxia

Inducible Factor -1 alpha), and iNOS (Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase) isoform, to transitional bladder

carcinoma (TBC), by studying the tissue expression of these markers in bladder cancer patients with different

grades and comparing results to that of controls. In addition to evaluating the correlation between studied

markers.

Objectives & Methodology: Forty-six patients with histologically confirmed TBC cases (12 females and 34

males), constitute the Disease Study Group, these were divided into high grade patient study group; consist

of 26 patient, and low grade patient study group; consist of 20 patients. To be compared to a disease control

study group, including 20 subjects with no documented malignancy, and other 20 apparently healthy control

group. Tissue expression of HIF-1α, LOX and iNOS were performed by immunohistochemistry techniques.

Results: Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrates positive tissue immunoreactivities of HIF-α, LOX and

iNOS in total TBC patient and tissue controls, the later demonstrate no tissue expressions for HIF-1α and LOX

nuclear expressions. LOX and iNOS immuno-reactivities were significantly higher as compared to that of

controls in total TBC cases. Significant differences were observed between high grade and low grades TBC

groups concerning HIF-1α, LOX cytoplasmic and nuclear expressions (P < 0.05). Furthermore, significant

differences present as comparing high and low grades mean IRS of cytoplasmic - LOX and iNOS expressions

with that of controls (p < 0.05). HIF-1α is found to correlate with both cytoplasmic and nuclear LOX

expressions in total TBC cases (r=0.6, r=0.745) respectively, and only with nuclear LOX expression in high

grade cases(r=0.696). Strong correlations were observed between cytoplasmic and nuclear LOX expressions

in the three studied groups.



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60

Conclusions: Tissue LOX may have an interesting roles, it can discriminate between different grades,

correlates with hypoxia and inflammatory states, giving the possibility of using it as prognostic or follow up

marker. HIF-1α plays a putative role. Interesting link is observed between HIF-1α and both LOX and iNOS,

suggesting an important roles in regulating angiogenesis and cancer metastasis with additional promising

role in controlling the disease by inhabiting its expression or that of genes that it signed.

Key words

Lysyl Oxidase, HIF-1α, Bladder Cancer.



28-30 June 2020

61


Obesity Prevalence among the College Students

Ali S. Al-Arajy*, Wafaa H. Ajam and Farah Safaa

Department of Pathological Analysis Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, Iraq.


Abstract

Objectives & Methodology: The age range of all of the sampled students was ≥ 18 and ≤ 30 years, but the age of

more than 75% of the studied sample was more than 20 years.

Results: The result of the present research showed that the prevalence rates of overweight and obesity categories

in the student population were 33.34% and 10.67% respectively. When the two categories are compared on sex

bases. It was found that the two rates tended to be higher for females.

Conclusions: Graphene offers the possibility to prepare countless number of multifunctional nanocomposites or

nanohybrids through incorporation/assembling of functional building blocks, opening new avenues for delivery of

various therapeutics. The use of NIR irradiation is very advantageous as most of biological molecules are

transparent to this irradiation, thus limiting their inactivation/denaturation.

Key words

Obesity, BMI, Obesity Causes.



28-30 June 2020

62


Determination of Sugar (F.B.S and R.B.S) with Study of the Effect Lipid Profile

Levels in Diabetics and Non- Diabetics

Salam Mohammed Nasser and Sarah Abd-AlRheem Ali

Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, Iraq.


Abstract

Objectives & Methodology: The purpose of this study was to determine level of blood sugar(fasting ,Random)

and to evaluate changes in lipid profile levels in diabetic and non- diabetic males and females with special

emphasis on the role of lipid profile in assessing the cardiovascular risk. Study was conducted in the age group 20

– 80 years were selected randomly. Biochemical analysis was done on all the selected 100 samples (the 45 were

diabetic (blood sugar more than 110 mg/dl) and 45 were non-diabetic in each class). FBS was estimated using

glucose oxides method. T.G and HDL cholesterol were determined by an analytical method based on the sequence

of reactions

Results: Found the mean values of fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL cholesterol for

diabetic males and females were higher than their non-diabetic counterparts, and HDL cholesterol values were

found to be lower than the non-diabetics.

Key words

Diabetes, Cholesterol, HDL and LDL cholesetrol, Triglyceride.



28-30 June 2020

63


Antidiabetic Activity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and its Effect on Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rats

Elaf Abd Al-Ameer Alrubaie1,*, Rihab Edan Kadhim2 and Ali Hmood Muhsin Al-Saadi2

1Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq

2Department of Biology, College of Science- University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq


Abstract

Background: A person with high blood sugar suffered from diabetes mellitus which remembered of metabolic

diseases, due to less production of insulin, or there are defect in cells that respond to the insulin. The role of

metals in metabolism of glucose in the body and associated with diabetes deficiency were demonstrated by many

researches such zinc which play a mature role in maintenance of blood sugar levels that make it essential things

used in diabetes therapy, where Zinc play a mature role in many metabolic pathways such as metabolism of

glucose and stimulates hepatic glycogenesis by affecting on pathways of insulin.

Objectives & Methodology: The Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) green syntheses were prepared using olea

europaea extract as a bio-reducing agent. Zinc oxide nanoparticles have been characterized by several techniques

UV-vis-spectrophotometric, FTIR, XRD, EDAX and FESEM. Twenty-five male albino rats 2-3 months were used.

Animals were grouped as follows: control; received no type of treatment, diabetic; received a single

intraperitoneal dose of alloxan (130 mg/kg), diabetic treated with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) received

single daily oral dose of 10 mg/kg ZnONPs in suspension, diabetic treated with ZnONPs 10 mg/kg in suspension

and olive leaves extract received 400 mg/kg single daily oral dose and diabetic treated with olive leaves extract

received 400 mg/kg single subcutaneous dose.

Results: Diabetics treated with a combination of zinc oxide nanoparticles ZnONPs 10 mg/kg + 400 mg / kg olive

leaves extract induce significantly reduced blood glucose activity and increased body weight as compared to the

diabetic group. Whereas the results showed no significant difference (P≤0.05) between normal group and diabetic

group treated with combination of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) 10 mg/kg + olive leaves extract 400 mg/kg in

diabetic rats. This indicates that zinc oxide nanoparticles act as antidiabetic agents.

Conclusions: Biological method using olive plant leaves extract showed ability to synthesize ZnO nanoparticles

and acts as a reducing agent to reduce Zn+2 to nanosize particles. ZnONPs have been more powerful in reducing

blood glucose and increasing body weight in diabetic rats.

Key words

ZnO nanoparticles, Alloxan induction, Body weight, Fasting Blood Glucose, GLUT-2 gene, Real Time Polymerase

Chain Reaction.



28-30 June 2020

64


Prevalence of Chickenpox under Ten Years during the Last Five Years in Hilla

City

Rasha Fadhel Obaid1,*, Nada Khazal Kadhim Hindi2, Mohammed Malih Radhi3,

Shatha Khazal Kadhim Hindi4 and Rana Fadhil Obaid5

1Department of Anesthesia Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq

2Department of Basic and Medical Science, College of Nursing, Babylon University, Babylon, Iraq

3Kut Technical Institute, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq

4Fatima Al- Zahraa Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq

5Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq


Abstract

Background: Chickenpox is an infection transmitted by the respiratory tract, causing itching and rash with

small blisters filled with fluids. It also easily moves from one person to another and may cause pneumonia,

brain infection, dehydration and sepsis. The study aim: to assess the prevalence of chickenpox and

associated with age and gender among under 10 years.

Objectives & Methodology: A descriptive study design is conducted retrospectively for the last 5 years ago

in Hilla City. By a convenience sample of (N=156) was collected five years from (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, and

2018) and was for all years for children diagnosed with chickenpox. As a medical records of statistic

considered a study tools. Through the used descriptive and inferential statistic, data were analysed.

Results: The study findings depicts that the years of 2017 were records the highest percentage among years.

The most of infection were target the age groups (5-9) years, it composed (37.8%), (62.8%) were male

gender. As well as, there is a non-significant association between the time of prevalence and infected

patients their age and gender at p-value >0.05.

Conclusions: There is an inter-annual response to the infection and there were longer the age the increasing

the infection for males gender more than females. Its need to be conducted further studies in a national

level to assess the associated factors with chickenpox infection in different areas of country (rural-urban).

Key words

Prevalence, Chickenpox, Under Ten Years.



28-30 June 2020

65


Correlation between Premenstrual Syndrome and Body Mass Index in Medical students at Al-

Mustaqbal University College, Babylon-Iraq

Ahmed Majeed, Ashraf Alnattah*and Saja Jasem

Department of Pharmacy, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq


Abstract

Background: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is the occurrence of cyclical somatic, psychological and

emotional symptoms that occur in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and resolve by the time

menstruation ceases and is a common problem among young women, resulting in a decline in their

performance level and quality of life. Body mass index (BMI) is a measure for human body shape based on an

individual’s weight and height, which is an individual’s body mass divided by the square of their height kg/m2

Objectives & Methodology: Aim: To determine the prevalence of (PMS) and the relationship between the

BMI and the PMS and the exacerbating and relieving factors among female students at Al-Mustaqbal

University College. Method: A cross-sectional study has been conducted on 90 female Medical students from

2nd Jan 2018 to 10th April 2018. All the participants have been given a self-explanatory questionnaire related

to PMS and BMI. All data has been managed and analyzed using manual statistical methods.

Results: The total number of female students enrolled in the study was 90. The majority of the 76 (84.4%)

have experienced PMS. The association of PMS was observed with an abnormality in BMI, with 7 (87.5%) and

17 (89.4%) of total number coinciding with decrease and increase BMI, respectively. So, the highest risk of

menstrual abnormalities founded to be underweight and overweight Ladies. This evidence is variable

according to age and onset of menses.

Conclusions: The pattern of PMS in young ladies is generally similar to the pattern in the developing

countries in terms of age. There is a direct correlation between the incidence of PMS and abnormal BMI.

Regular monitoring of body weight during each menstrual cycle must be considered and educational

programs toward society should be emphasized.

Key words

PMS, BMI, Medical Students, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq.



28-30 June 2020

66


The Effects of Smoking on Packed Cell Volume among Smoker Males in Al-Hilla City

Rawaa M. Mohammed1,*, Ahmed Aljamal2 and Imad K. Abbas3

1Department of Anaesthesia Technique, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq

2Department of Medical Physics, Al-Nusoor University College, Baghdad, Iraq

2Department of Dentistry, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq


Abstract

Background: Present study including 100 samples (adult males), and collected 50 blood samples from adult

smoker males and 50 blood samples from adult non-smoker males during period (2nd January 2019 – 1st

March 2019), are collected from Al-Hilla city, and the samples among present study included adult males in

age (20-50 years).

Objectives & Methodology: 50 blood samples collected from smoker adult males and 50 blood samples

collected from non-smoker adult males, after that blood samples were pulled into red capillary tubes and

placed in the centrifuge for 30 min. in / 3000 cycles per minute and then the blood viscosity (PCV) was

measured by using a standard laboratory ruler.

Results: A positive correlation between cigarette consumption and packed cell volume (PCV) was found in

smoker males.

Conclusions: There are significant changes in packed cell volume between smoker males and non-smoker

males (P>0.001).

Key words

PCV, Smoker males, Non-smoker.



28-30 June 2020

67


Antifungal Activity of Combination of Medicinal Plant Extracts with Terbinafine through

Regulating Subtilisin Virulence Genes

Maryam Q.H. Khazia1 and Jawad K. Abood Al-Janabi1,2,*

1Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Babylon, Hilla, Iraq.

2Department of Biology, College of Science, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq.


Abstract

Background: Microsporum canis is a zoophilic dermatophyte global distribution resulting to human as well as

animal dermatophytosis. Zoophilic agent causes tenea corporis and tinea capitis in the human beings. Several

proteases of this pathogen have been considered as a potential virulence factors.

Objectives & Methodology: The current study aimed to investigate the antifungal and synergistic effects of

Pimpinella anisum and Moringa oleifera with terbinafine on growth and on the presence of subtilisin proteases

(SUB1-3 genes) in M. canis. Subtilisin proteases (SUB1-3 genes) were assayed by PCR amplification techniques

under the effect of above circumstances of combinations with specific primers were conducted to identify M.

canis.

Results: The extracts of both plants were significantly reduced the colony growth of M. canis in particular at 40

mg/ml. But, the inhibitory effect of P. anisum was greater than that in M. oleifera. In contrast, the results of

combination experiment between P. anisum and M. oleifera and / or antibiotic (Terbinafine) revealed substantial

effect on growth of this pathogen along the time of experiment. Since, the lowest growth of M. canis was

reported in M. oleifera + P. anisum + Terbinafine (M+P+T)- (3.4 cm) followed by P+T (3.6 cm) then M+T (3.8 cm)

and the T treatment (4.1 cm) come after then P+M (5.5 cm) compared with untreated one (7.1cm). The results

indicated the presence of subtilisin virulence genes in M. canis DNA, since the three types of subtilisin genes

(SUBs) that coding for serine proteases were recorded by giving positive results of PCR products that observed in

different fragments of SUB1 (609bp), SUB2(1120bp), and SUB3(1324bp). Three subtypes of subtilisin genes

(SUBs), coding for serine proteases, were identified by PCR.

Conclusions: It will be concluded that the present study could be improved to substantial aspect and application

of new curative equipment to curb the adherence of fungal mycelia to human skin as the plant extracts exhibited

a potent antifungal property.

Key words

Microsporum canis, Pimpinella anisum, Moringa oleifera, Antifungal activity, Subtilisin Genes.



28-30 June 2020

68


Combination Efficiency of Antifungal Agent with Culture Filtrates of Two Basiomycetes Fungi

on Growth and on Virulence Factor (Citrate and Isocitrate Genes) of Trichophyton Rubrum

Marwa H. Abdullah1 and Jawad K .AL-Janabi2,*

1Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Babylon, Iraq

2Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Babylon and AL-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla,

Iraq


Abstract

Background: Trichophyton rubrum is a dermatophytic, colonizes the upper layers of dead skin, and is the

most common cause of athlete's foot, fungal infection of nail, jock itch, and ringworm worldwide.

Objectives & Methodology: Aim: The experiment aimed to evaluate the effect of combination between

Terbinafine and filtrates of basidiomycetes fungi (Marasmius palmivorus and Pleurotus ostreatus) on growth

and on virulence factors in particular on citrate and isocitrate genes of the clinical isolate T. rubrum.

Method: T. rubrum was genotypically identified and combination efficiency of terbinafine with P. ostreatus

and M. palmivours filtrates on growth and on virulence factor (citrate and isocitrate genes) of T. rubrum

were determined using Real-Time PCR.

Results: The molecular tests confirmed the identification of T. rubrum isolate, and the filtrates of M.

palmivours and P. ostreatus were significantly inhibited the growth of T. rubrum at different concentrations

(3, 6, 9 and 12 %). RT-PCR experiments were revealed that basidiomycetes filtrates were markedly affected

gene expression by down regulate the isocitrate and citrate genes in T. rubrum.

Conclusions: We concluded that this results is the first study revealed the role of combination experiment

for down regulation of virulence factors as antifungal targets. Also, the results suggested that the filtrates of

both fungi might be a potential source of new antimicrobial agents and could be valuable as an alternative

drug against T. rubrum.

Key words

Trichophyton rubrum, Gene expression, P. ostreatus, M. palmivours, Filtrates activity.



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Serodiagnosis of Aborted and Normal Women Afflicted with (Torch) Infection in Duhok

City/Iraq

Manal Adil Murad1, Souzan H. Eassa2,*, Adel T. M. Al-Saeed3

1Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Duhok, Duhok, Iraq.

2Department of Anatomy and Biology Histology, College of Medicine, University of Duhok, Duhok, Iraq.

3Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Duhok, Duhok, Iraq.


Abstract

Background: TORCH are infectious pathogens caused by (Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella virus, Cytomegalovirus,

Herpes simplex virus, and other pathogens such as B virus antigen and syphilis) during the gestation period. The

infection might lead to fetal abnormalities or abortion.

Objectives & Methodology: Current study was done to detect TORCH pathogens in addition to hepatitis B virus

and syphilis antigens in women with a previous history of recurrent abortion using serological test in Duhok city. A

direct rapid test was used as a serological method for the detection of IgM and IgG antibodies against TORCH

pathogens as well as the seropositivity of HBV antigen and syphilis. A total of 90 pregnant women with bad

obstetric history were included in the current study throughout the period of April–August 2017 in Duhok City/

Kurdistan Region/Iraq.

Results: The total seropositivity of anti-pathogens (Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella virus, Cytomegalovirus and Herpes

virus) were 19/90(21.1%), 17/90(18.9), 16/90(17.8), 16/90(17.8%) and for HBs Ag 3/90 (3.3%) and syphilis

1/90(1.1%) respectively. The IgM and IgG seropositivity to Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella virus, Cytomegalovirus, and

Herpes viruses were (13.3% and 7.8%), (10.0% and 8.9%), (10.0% and 7.8%), and (10.0% and 7.8%) respectively.

Seroprevalence of anti-pathogens IgG and IgM antibodies associated with socioeconomic and demographic

characteristics were indicated in the results section.

Conclusions: A previous history of pregnancy wastage and the serological test for TORCH infection in addition to

HBs Ag and syphilis during current pregnancy must be considered while managing BOH cases as to reduce the

adverse fetal outcomes, the early diagnosis of TORCH using serological methods is highly significant.

Key words

Aborted women, Normal pregnant women, TORCH, Duhok city.



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CpG Island Methylator Phenotype (CIMP) and Microsatellite Instability MSI

correlation with Clinical and morphological feature of Colorectal Cancer in Iraq

patients

Basim Mohammed Hanon1, Nidhal Abd Al-Mohaimen Mohammad2 and Aqeel Shakir Mahmood3

1Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Wasit University, Wasit, Iraq.

2Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq.

3College of Medicine, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq.


Abstract

Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies in the Western world. Worldwide,

approximately 1, 2 million people developed colorectal cancer in 2008 and the disease related mortality was

about 36%. The disease affects slightly more men than women and sporadic colon cancer is considered to be a

disease of the elderly with a median age at diagnosis of 70 years. More than 90% of the colorectal cancers occur

sporadically, which means that affected patients do not have a family history of colon cancer.

Objectives & Methodology: This study aims to identify for the first time in Iraq, types of MSI and CIMP and

correlation in sample of CRC Iraqi patients. Specimens, were collected from GIT center, Baghdad hospital and

private hospitals. In the period from 1-4-2013 to 1-2-2014, which more than three biopsies were obtained from

grossly tumor areas, and surgery specimens obtain after surgery tumor removal both specimens from surgery and

biopsies were fixed with 10% buffered formalinized saline, for preparation the paraffin embedded tissue blocks to

histological molecular diagnostic methods DNA extraction from FFEP. Histological evaluation specimens, slides

from fixed paraffin embedded tissue blocks were stained with haematoxylin – eosin stain and subsequently

evaluated by an experienced pathologist.

Results: Assessment of CIMP, for all colorectal carcinoma examined, the rate of methylation loci, CIMP high is

36.17%, while the CIMP low and the CIMP neg were registered in 25.53%, and 38.29%. The internal control of

methylation collagen2 was appeared in 90 bp. This confirms that the methylation locus was indeed tumor specific

analysis in normal mucosa was performed from cancer in this study.

Conclusions: Accumulating evidence has been suggested that MSI-high tumors are associated with good

prognosis. CRC patients with MSI-H CRC status have better prognosis compared to non-MSI tumors, particularly

among young patients.

Key words

CpG Island methylator phenotype, Microsatellite instability, Clinical, Colorectal cancer



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71


Relationship between Placentitis in Aborted Women Infected with B. abortus and

B.melitensis and Steroid Hormones Level

Ali Anok Njum

AL-Furat AL-Awsat Technical University, Kufa, Iraq


Abstract

Background: Abortion is the most obvious manifestation of Brucella infection. Brucella prefer cattle placenta

due to high concentration of erythritol sugar, while human placenta there is no erythritol sugar only steroid

hormone, for this reason designed the our project

Objectives & Methodology: In this study, 100 aborted women were included, where referred to maternity

and children hospital offal-Muthana province, Iraq. Diagnosis of Brucella infection in these abortions was

based on serological, bacteriological and molecular technique. Serological studies included the use of RB and

ELISA tests.

Results: Aggressive differences between RB and ELISA results have been shown. Brucella isolated and

identified from aborted placenta and blood samples were 7 (7%) isolates from aborted women. Hormonal

assessment by Immunohistochemical technique in Brucella infected women, showed significant decrease in

progesterone expression in comparison with that aborted due to other causes, in other hand Brucella

infected women showed high expression in estrogen hormones. ELISA technique was the valuable

serological test to confirm the diagnosis of brucellosis as compared with RB test.

Conclusions: Placental and immunohistochemical, assessments for steroid hormones (progesterone) have an

efficient diagnostic values which can be included for confirmation of brucellosis because high infinity of

Brucella for steroid hormones.

Key words

Brucella, Aborted women, Placenta and Steroids hormones.



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72


Determination of PAHs Concentration in Some Types of Phoenix Dactylifera L. Samples from

Al-Diwaniyah Markets by Using Soxhlet and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy

Technique

Hazim A. Walli1 and Faiq F. Karam2

1Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Diwaniyah, Iraq.

2Department of Environment, College of Science, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Diwaniyah, Iraq.


Abstract

Background: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a group consisting of more than 100 chemicals

that are formed during incomplete combustion of coal, oil, gas, garbage, or other organic materials such as

tobacco or grilled meat. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons are fused rings of benzene consist of two or more.

PAHs are chemical compounds consist of two combined aromatic rings or more in clustered or linear

arrangement. These compounds are hydrophobic, toxic, non-polar, water solubility, high stability, high

melting point, and low vapor pressure. The number of aromatic rings in the Skelton of PAHs effect on some

properties like solubility, volatility and hydrophobicity where the solubility and volatility increase and the

hydrophobicity decrease with the increasing the number of aromatic rings. US-EPA (United State-

Environmental Protection Agency), FDA (Food and Drug, NOAA (National Oceanic Atmospheric

Administration, and EUPP (European Union priority Pollutants) have been classified sixteen PAHs as pollutant

compounds because of the carcinogenic and mutagenic properties that they have in their natures. The

International Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) recommends that the average air-to-air

ratio for coal tar products should not exceed 3 for a 10-hour working day and within a week of 1.0 mg / m of

work of 40 hours. There are other limits imposed on on-site exposure to items containing polycyclic aromatic

hydrocarbons, such as coal, coal tar, and mineral oil. However, these tests cannot explain whether any

health effects will occur or not, or appear the extent for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons or their source.

The main source of food crops pollution with polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons is deposition of these

compounds. Heavy mass of PAHs are associate particular matter such as dust while those compound consist

of two or three rings are predominantly present in vapor phase. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons can

degrade through their interaction with sunlight and other chemicals circulating in the atmosphere over a

period of days to weeks or by using adsorbent surfaces. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons seep through

wastewater from industrial wastewater treatment plants and wastewater. The aim of this work is to study

the concentrations of poly aromatic hydrocarbons in three types of dates that are marketed in Iraq, which

were collected in the city of Al-Diwaniyah, central Iraq, where the samples were processed accurately before

the tests.

Objectives & Methodology: Shimadzu GC-MS has been use in estimation of ten of poly aromatic

hydrocarbons. A mixture of 10 polyaromatic reference standards containing acenaphthylene,



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73

naphthalene, anthracene, benz[a]anthracene, Dibenz[a,h]anthracene, benz[a]fluoranthene, fluorene,

chrysene, pyrene, and phenanthrene have been purchased from Supleco Inc., USA., PAHs working solutions

(10 µg/mL) was prepared from a stock solution of PAHs containing 200 µg/mL. N-hexane, cyclohexane,

acetonirile, anhydrous sodium sulphate, acetone (BDH chemicals), were obtained from Merck, Germany. All

chemicals and reagents were used in HPLC grade and not need more purification.

Three packed samples of Phoenix Dactylifera L. (Iraqi, Saudi, Iranian) have been collected during the month

of July 2017 for determination the levels of toxic poly aromatic hydrocarbons. The samples kept in

refrigerator and then clean up before doing the extraction. The cooled samples of Phoenix Dactylifera L. s (30

g for every sample) were extracted with 300 mL of solvent mixture (n-hexane and acetone 1:1) by using

quick fit unit for 24 h. soxhelt extraction method. The cleaning up process for the samples was done after the

extraction by using (5 g) the anhydrous sodium sulphate to each sample independently followed by eluting

process that done by using of mL n-hexane and ml methyl chloride to 10 mL for each sample.

All the extracted samples were analysed using a Shimadzu GC equipped with a MS, HP-5 column, and

nitrogen gas as carrier gas. The GC oven temperature was programmed to increasefrom50 °C (2 min) to 200

°C (2 min) at a speed of 20 °C/min, to 240 °C (2 min) at 5 °C/min, and to 290 °C at 3 °C/min and then held for

15 min. The injector temperature was 275 °C.

Results: The lowest concentration was for 2-ring PAHs (Naphthalene) 15.850 in Iraqi sample while the

highest concentration (269.491) was recorded for Saudi sample were the most abundant than the others

samples. The concentrations for PAHs class those consist of three rings were for the Iraqi sample higher than

others samples as shown above. The pollution with PAHs compounds can be done by direct exposure to the

known sources or indirect via irrigation intake by water. PAHs enter surface waters mainly via atmospheric

fall out, municipal/industrial effluents, urban runoff and oil spillage or leakage. In this work, the ratio of

Phenanthrene/Anthracene is used to identify the possible sources of PAHs in samples of Phoenix Dactylifera

L. The results shows that the ratios of Phenanthrene/Anthracene are almost in the range of 1.238 to 4.735 in

Iranian and Saudi samples respectively, both ratios are less than 10, which indicate that the sources of PAHs

are from incomplete combustion of fuel.

Conclusions: Ten polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons compounds of sixteen of priority of PAHs had been

determined in the three samples of Phoenix Dactylifera L. (Iraqi, Saudi, Iranian) selected from Al-Diwniyah

Markets by using GC-MS technique. The results refer that all the three types were contaminated in different

percent of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons compounds according to human activity which present in these

sites. The results were referred that the Saudi and Iranian Phoenix Dactylifera L. containing five and six

compounds respectively of PAHs with various and high concentration, while the Iraqi Phoenix Dactylifera L.

was less pollution than other types and contain just four types of PAHs compound with low concentrations.

The pollution with three rings class of PAHs was higher than tow rings class of PAHs. The study is indicating

that the sources of PAHs are from incomplete combustion of fuel.

Key words

Poly aromatic hydrocarbons; GC-MS; pollution in Palm dates; Pollution in Al-Diwaniyah; Soxhelt extraction.



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74


Nurses' Knowledge Regarding Surgical Site Infection Prevention in Hilla City Hospitals

Ammar A. Shalan*, Nidaa M. Salman, Zainab M. Eissa and Noor S. Shihab

Basic Medical Sciences Department, College of Nursing, University of Babylon, Hilla, Iraq


Abstract

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is a wound infection that developed postoperatively, it is considered as a

complication of the surgical procedure or of the post-operative caring of the surgical site. Surgical site infection is

an infection that developed after surgery in the part of the body where the surgery took place. Surgical site

infections can sometimes be superficial infections involving the skin only. Other surgical site infections are more

serious and can involve tissues below the skin, organs, or implanted material.

Objectives & Methodology: This study aimed to assess the nurses' knowledge level regarding surgical site

infection control. In addition to that, the study will find out the relationships between socio demographical data

of the participants and the level of knowledge regarding surgical site infection control. This is a cross-sectional

study conducted in governmental hospitals in the Babylon province to assess level of knowledge of nurses

regarding reducing hospital acquired surgical site infections. The hospitals include Babylon hospital for maternity

and children, Al-Alsadik hospital, Al-Hilla Teaching Hospital and AL- Hashmiya Hospital. The study is conducted in

the period between November 2018 and April 2019. The study includes 179 nurses working in governmental

hospitals in Babylon province. Participants working different units were recruited in this study.

Results: The results showed that, the average score of the nurses' knowledge regarding SSI was (66.02) and the

maximum and minimum score were (30) and (84), respectively. That indicates a low knowledge level of the

participants about SSI. The results showed that only 3% of the participants had high and very high knowledge

level, while 58% had low and very low knowledge level. In addition, the results showed that, Table-3 showed the

number and percentage of correct answers in the survey.

Conclusions: Most of participating nurses have a low knowledge level regarding the surgical site infections. The

female nurses have a higher level of knowledge regarding SSI than their male counterparts. The participants had a

2 year diploma or nursing high school certificate have a higher knowledge level compared with B. Sc. of higher

degree. The years of experience had a positive effect on the level of knowledge regarding SSI. Raising the

awareness and knowledge level of nurses by theoretical and practical training regarding surgical site infections.

Key words

SSI, environmental, Prevention, Hospital Infections.



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Comparison of Adhesin Genes Expression Among Klebsiella Oxytoca ESBL-Non-Producers in

Planktonic and Biofilm Mode of Growth, and Imipenem Sublethal Exposure

Suhad Saad Mahmood

Biotechnology Department, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq


Abstract

Background: Bacterial adhesins play an important role in the bacterial attachment and colonization.

Objectives & Methodology: The aim of this study was comparison of adhesin genes expression in the

planktonic and biofilm mode of growth among ESBL-non-producers isolates of K. oxytoca and effect of

imipenem A total of eight extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) non-producer K. oxytoca isolates were

included from patients with hemorrhagic colitis. The adhesin genes including fimA (type 1 fimbria), mrkA

(type 3 fimbria), pilQ and the capsular matB genes were adopted. Phenotypic biofilm production was

assessed by microtiter tissue plate assay. Expression of adhesin genes in the planktonic and biofilm growth

conditions was calculated using quantitative Real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) technique and sub-MIC (0.25μg/ml)

levels of imipenem were also added to broth culture of isolates to evaluate the gene expression.

Results: The isolates produced biofilm in moderate level. The expression of pilQ, mrkA and matB but not

fimA genes was significantly higher in biofilm conditions compared to the planktonic mode of growth

(p=0.002, p=0.011 and p=001, respectively). In addition, imipenem sub-MIC treatment led to a significant

overexpression of matB (p=0.002) and mrkA (p=0.003) genes compared to the control group.

Conclusions: Although none of isolates produced strong biofilm, biofilm conditions led to the increase in the

expression of adhesin encoding genes in non-ESBL-producing K. oxytoca. Furthermore, β-lactams; and

especially carbapenems possibly increase the colonization of K. oxytoca and increase the biofilm formation.

Hence, accurate consumption of antibiotics must be considered.

Key words

Klebsiella oxytoca, Adhesins, Colonization, Biofilms.



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Antagonistic Activity of Arkobiotics (A Commercial Brand of Probiotic) Against

Staphylococcus Epidermidis

Wala’a Shawkat Ali* and Rahma Mohammed Jassm

Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq


Abstract

Background: Probiotics are live microbes which have beneficially health effects on the consumer when given

in adequate amounts. Probiotics may offer a new therapeutic option for the treatment of many diseases.

Although little is known about the role of heat-killed probiotic in prevent or treat infections, the use of heat-

killed probiotic is considered a new strategy in disease therapy.

Objectives & Methodology: In order to evaluate the antagonistic activity of live and heat-killed Arkobiotics

(a commercial brand of probiotic) against Staphylococcus epidermidis, agar plug method and agar well

diffusion method were used. Also the antibiotics susceptibility profile of some antibiotics against S.

epidermidis was determined.

Results: The results showed that agar-plug method made higher inhibition zones than agar-wells diffusion

method and inhibition zones of the heat-killed probiotic were highest than of those recorded for

supernatant of live probiotic. The results of antibiotics susceptibility profile appeared that S. epidermidis was

more sensitive to ampicillin with 25µg/ml MIC value, followed by rifampicin and amoxicillin, while no

inhibition zones were recorded for the other antibiotics used in this study. The mixture of heat-killed

probiotic supernatant and MIC of ampicillin showed high antagonistic activity against S. epidermidis in

comparison with using them separately.

Conclusions: Although the mechanism of action of the combination between heat-killed probiotic and

antibiotic is not clear, it could be used in order to treat S. epidermidis infections. As well as, more studies are

required to know more about the mechanism of action of heat-killed probiotic.

Key words

Antagonistic activity, Arkobiotics , Probiotic, Staphylococcus epidermidis , Heat-killed probiotic.



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Risk Mitigation Controls in Laboratory Settings

Wafaa Nasser Al-Hussainni

Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, Ibn Sina University for Medical and Pharmaceutical

Sciences, Baghdad, Iraq


Abstract

Background: Working in clinical Laboratory settings means we have to deal with biological risks and these

risks need to be addressed and controlled. Once the risks have been addressed, the laboratory must

implement mitigation control measures and continuously monitor and modify them to ensure that risk is

maintained at a clinically acceptable level. There are different levels of Mitigation controls and each has their

advantages and dis-advantages. It is crucial for every laboratory to cease control of their system in order to

reduce the risk of potential harm.

Objectives & Methodology: Raising awareness about global health security and the importance of

implementing the appropriate risk mitigation controls. One methodology approach might be via introducing

the concepts in as many lectures and training courses as possible to all medical and health care workers in

Iraq including the private sector.

Results: As a result we expect more people to be interested in global health security and therefore

implement safety and security measures that would ensure a healthy community, environment and

eventually a healthy world.

Conclusions: Once a Bio-risk management system is built and SOPs are established, a safer work place,

healthy personnel and community are obtained. This would have a great impact on sustained global health

security.

Key words

Global health security, Biosafety, Biosecurity, Risk assessment, Risk mitigation



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78


Estimation of The Healing Activity of L- And D-Isophorms of Ascorbic Acid and Their Salt

With Chitosan on a Model Of Burning Wounds in Rats

Adawia F.A. Al Zubeidi1, Zudina I.V. 2, Ksenofontova O.Yu. 3

1Department of Microbiology, University of Diyala, Diyala, Iraq

2Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia

3Regional Clinical Center of Combustiology, Saratov, Russia


Abstract

Background: The wound healing activities of two ascorbic acid stereoisoforms and their chitosan (CHZ) salts

were compared in the treatment of third-degree burns in outbred rats. L- and D-ascorbic acids (analytical

grade) and CHZ (Bioprogress Ltd., RF) with a viscosity-averaged molecular weight of 32 kDa and a

deacetylation degree of 70 % wt. were used.

Objectives & Methodology: The objects of the study were hydrogels based on L- and D-ascorbate AK,

provided by the specialists of "Saratov National Research State University As the starting substances, L- and

D-stereoisoforms of ascorbic acid (C6H8O6) were used, respectively, of analytical grade, as well as water

soluble powder (CHZ) with a medium viscosity molecular weight.

Results: The application of our CHZ•D-ascorbate hydrogel significantly increased the average linear rate of

wound healing and the shrinkage rate of wound surface area in comparison with Levomekol-vet (control)

and our CHZ• L-ascorbate hydrogel. The wound healing duration under the CHZ•D-ascorbate hydrogel was

by 10 days shorter than in the reference group, and by 7 days shorter than under the CHZ•L-ascorbate

hydrogel.

Conclusions: The healing time of wounds under the D-ascorbate CHZ hydrogel shorter than L-ascorbate CHZ-

hydrogel, and the control, and the average linear rate of wound healing and the rate of wound surface area

decrease were statistically significant higher than when using L-ascorbate CHZ.hydrogel.

Key words

Chitosan, L- and D-ascorbic acid isoforms, Wound healing activity, Drug chirality.



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79


Determination of Breast Cancer in Iraqi Women by High Molecular Weight Cytokeratin

through Immune-Histochemical Technique

Haidar J. Muhammed* and Ekhlass N. Ali

Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Al-Mustansiriyah, Baghdad, Iraq


Abstract

Background: Breast cancer cells can be resulted by development of abnormal growth cells which produced

abnormal tissue, however along the pathway stages of invasive or sporadic from adenoma to carcinoma,

advanced stages of lesions and last of metastasis ending. This can be assessed by their prognostic and

predictive biological activities markers.

Objectives & Methodology: A cohort study of thirty four patients were screened for female conflicted with

BC in different stages of carcinoma their range aged (18-80y) compared with (10) individual as healthy

control. However, (HMW) were assessed by Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of permanent tissue for

these patients. The specimens collected from Teaching Tumors Hospital for Breast Cancer/ Medical

City/Baghdad. The study aimed to explain the relationship between breast cancer and high molecular weight

in Iraqi women as predictive investigation.

Results: The results of this study showed there was a high significant differences for these patients percent

with 85.29 % (29 out of 34) and O.R. (28.06) clear with high percent in age (<40-80).

Conclusions: The study concluded that there was a high correlation between (BC) and (HMW) as predicted

detection.

Key words

Breast cancer (BC), High molecular weight (HMW), Cytokeratin (CK).



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Waste Management in Scientific and Medical-Educational Facilities in Iraq

Muthana Anad Al-Shammary

College of Dentistry, Al-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq


Abstract

Background: Waste management in scientific and medical-educational facilities is a growing issue in our

universities. This neglected aspect is of health security concern and needs immediate attention from us and

fast resolutions in order to decrease the possibility of an outbreak in areas where these waste products are

drained.

Objectives & Methodology: Finding ways for medical waste management to prevent infections and AMR

and protect the humans, animals and environment.

Conclusions: Indeed much effort is needed to bring together the stakeholders and decision makers to ensure

disease free community.

Key words

Waste Management, AMR, Health security



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81


Drug Adsorption on Carbon Nanotubes Synthesized by

Flame Fragments Deposition Technique

Falah H. Hussein1,2,* and Asmaa H. Hammadi2

1Al-Mustaqbal University Collage, Babylon, Iraq

2Collage of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Hilla, Iraq


Abstract

Background: Doxorubicin (DOX) is widely used anticancer and regards as one of the effective therapeutic drug for

solid tumors, such as carcinomas, sarcomas, and hematological malignancies. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR)

and Scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to investigate the characterization of nanocarrier. In this work

multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were selected as carriers to load DOX. The concentrations of (20mg)

functionalization -CNTs as a nanocarrier were added to 100 ml of DOX aqueous solution (100 ppm). Each mixture

was stirred for 24 hours at 25oC under dark condition. The functionalization CNTs/DOX mixture was isolated by

centrifuging for 15 min at a rate of 6000 rpm. From the obtained results, it can be seen that all of the used doses

of CNTs showed good loading ability for DOX over CNTs. Drug delivery systems are currently widely studied as

they represent an important component of novel therapies free of side effects and oriented toward a precise

attack of disease sources. Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) are under because of their extraordinary physicochemical

properties. They include, but are not limited to, large surface area available for functionalization by various

moieties.

Objectives & Methodology: Studying the loading of Doxorubicin (anti-cancer drug) on surface’s carbon nanotubes

CNTs (drug delivery) by using different techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier

Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. The chemical oxidation of CNTs is carried out using H2O2 with UV in order

to obtain the hydrophilic surface structure of oxygen within a certain surface group. This oxidation process with

H2O2 introduces several functional groups such as -OH (Hydroxyl), -COOH (carboxyl), and Amino-functionalization

of CNTs by use ethylenediamine, on the CNTs’ surface. These surface groups are useful during the interaction and

chemical bonding between CNTs and DOX.

Results: All the used doses of CNTs showed a good adsorption ability for DOX over CNTs. However, Loading of

doxorubicin on CNT was done by starting with DOX aqueous solution (1mg/ml) was prepared, and 20 mg CNTs

was dispersed into DOX solution. After that, the adsorption efficiency of DOX over CNTs decreased when the CNT

concentration was reduced.

Conclusions: CNTs are an excellent absorber of Dox and could be used for drug delivery.

Key words

Drug delivery, Doxorubicin, Carbon nanotubes, Flame fragments deposition, FTIR.



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Association Among Immunological, Biochemical and Homological Parameters with Patients of

Diabetic Foot Infection

Rand Ahmed Imran Al-Kaif 1, Laith A.I.K. Al-Kaif 2,* and Ifad Kerim Al-Shibly 1

1Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Medicine Babylon University, Hilla, Iraq

2Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Al Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq


Abstract

Background: The current study was carried out to evaluate the correlation of biochemical and hematological

markers in immunological status displayed by antimicrobial peptide and their role in diabetes mellitus and

diabetic foot infection.

Objectives & Methodology: The immune response was measured by enzyme linked immune sorbent assay

test for DEF-β2; LL-37; HNP1-3 level in a hundred and twenty middle-aged adults and elderly were enrolled

in this case-control study, including forty-eight type 2 diabetes mellitus patients without foot infection,

thirty-six diabetic foot patients and thirty-six apparently healthy individuals matched as control group. All

patients in the study were referred and diagnosed in the Diabetic and endocrine Center in Marjan Medical

City / Babylon province - Iraq during the period from November 2018 to February 2019.

Results: During this study, the correlation between blood sugar level and the studied antimicrobial peptide

were assessed by correlational statistical analysis. The results exposed a negative correlation between serum

level of blood sugar and serum level of HNP1-3 antimicrobial peptides among the study groups (P<0.05).

Likewise, the statistical interpretation in this study carried between blood sugar and DEF-β2 exposed that

there was a statistical positive correlation between blood sugar and DEF-β2 among diabetic patients and

healthy control group while there was a negative correlation between blood sugar and DEF-β2 among

diabetic foot patients (P>0.05). Similarly, the statistical evaluation of the correlational analysis between

blood sugar and LL-37 indicated that there was a negative correlation among diabetes mellitus patients and

among diabetic foot patients, while there was a positive correlation among healthy control individuals

(P>0.05). Similarly, in the present study the relationship between the level of HbA1c in blood and

antimicrobial peptide was calculated through statistical analysis. Results showed that there was a negative

correlation between level of HbA1c and HNP1-3 among the study population (P >0.05). Likewise, the

relationship between HbA1c and DEF-2 was assessed; results stated that there was a negative correlation in

all study groups. While a moderate positive correlation was found between level of HbA1c and LL-37 among

diabetes mellitus patients and among diabetic foot patients, but there was a negative correlation with

healthy control individuals. Our study described the linking between the level of neutrophil in the blood and

antimicrobial peptide studied through the evaluation of correlative statistical analysis. The results showed a

negative correlation between level of neutrophil in the blood and HNP1-3 in the study groups. While a

positive correlation was found between level of neutrophil and DEF-β2 among diabetic foot patients and



28-30 June 2020

83

among healthy control individuals, but there was a negative correlation with diabetes mellitus patients. Also

the relation between neutrophil and LL-37 was evaluated, and there was a positive correlation among

diabetes mellitus patients, where there was a negative correlation among diabetic foot patients and among

healthy control individuals. Correspondingly, this study reported the relevance between the level of NLR in

the blood and antimicrobial peptide through correlational statistical analysis. The relation between NLR and

HNP1-3 found that there was a negative correlation in all of study groups. However, the results between

level of NLR in the blood and DEF-β2 showed a negative correlation among diabetes mellitus patients

(P>0.05), while there was a positive correlation among diabetic foot patients and among healthy control

individuals. Whilst a negative correlation was found between level of NLR and LL-37 in all of a study groups.

Conclusions: In this work foot ulcer of type 2 diabetes mellitus is fairly common. Diabetic foot ulcers are

more frequent in males. Lack of awareness of foot care and delayed treatment request will increase the

extent of tissue destruction.

Key words

Diabetic foot, DEF-β2, LL-37, HNP1-3, NLR, RBS, HbA1c.



28-30 June 2020

84


X-Ray Analysis of Carbon Nanotubes for the Appropriate Medical Applications

Firas H. Abdulrazzak1,*, Ayad F. Alkaim2 and Falah H. Hussein3,4

1Department of Chemistry, College of Education for Pure Science, Diyala University, Diyala, Iraq

2Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Babylon University, Hilla, Iraq

3Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Babylon University, Hilla, Iraq

4Department of Research and Studies, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq.


Abstract

Background: Carbon nanotubes with a variety of type occupied amazing position compares with other

nanomaterials due to rarer and specific physical and chemical properties. The behaviour of graphite or graphite

nanotubes theoretically and experimentally encourage using in huge applications such industries, fields of energy,

the environment and medical applications. Many attempts trying to get more of these benefits by more

understand for the nature of carbon nanotubes. One of the ways to achieve this aim represents by enhance the

acquaintance of characterization such spectroscopy analysis and images microscopy.

Objectives & Methodology: We concern with using X-ray as sources to produce clear imaginations for tubular

structure. Thus, the common ways that used X-ray as a source to interact with carbon nanotubes will be reviewer

with details for characterization such XRD, XRF, XPS, and EDX techniques. All of this refer to critical influence in

use CNTs in medical applications due to the sensitivity and specificity on chose and suitable kinds of CNTs as

carrier for many drugs.

Results: Many techniques and methods commonly were using for characterizing and analyzing nanomaterials

such as SEMs, TEMs, HIMs, Raman microscopy, UV-visible reflection, and X-ray family. All of the techniques which

mention before and the other depend on reactant materials with electron. X-ray led to many ways for getting

huge information about the composition of materials and the nature of construction.

Conclusions: X-ray Family supplied mostly, non-destructively and fast, with ability to provide the basic structural

information that is essential for identification. In our chapter X-ray families were using to quantification and

qualification of carbon nanotubes. XRD, XRF, EDX, and XPS were using in this chapter with many synthesized CNTs

to show the capabilities for purifies evaluating which are very important in applications. We anticipate that the

results of this study will help to offer guidelines for understand CNTs structures by X-ray family to increase the

probabilities for benefit from CNTs without any side effect with medical applications.

Key words

XRD, XRF, XPS, EDX, CNT.



28-30 June 2020

85


Prevalence of HCV Infection in Thi_Qar Province Southern Iraq during Period

from 2005 – 2017

Awatif Hameed Issa1,*, Riyad Edan Abed2, Ali Naeem Salman3

1College of Science, Basrah University, Basra, Iraq.

2Thi-Qar Educational Directorate, Nasiriyah, Iraq.

3College of Nursing, Thi-qar University, Nasiriyah, Iraq.


Abstract

Background: Hepatitis C virus has been known as a reportable disease in Iraq for more than twenty years. This

pathogen was identified in 1989 and named Hepatitis C virus. In Iraq 1165536 case was reported equal (3.21%).

Objectives & Methodology: About 965 cases were discovered in Thi_Qar Province by accident either when blood

donation or by pre-operation tests. The patients were distributed according to the residence. 538(55.8%) in the

center of city Nassiriyah, 144(14.9%) in Suq al-Shuyukh, 134(13.9%) patients in Shatrah, 86(8.9%) patients in Al-

Refai and 63(6.5%) patients in Jebaish.

Results: The highest rate infection was in age group of (51-up) 229 patients (23.73 %), while the lowest in age

group (1-10) 67 patients, (6.94%).

Conclusions: Three genotype of the HCV were identified GT4, GT1b and GT1a.

Key words

HCV Infection, GT4, GT1b and GT1a.



28-30 June 2020

86


Detection of Extended-Spectrum β-lactamases-producing Escherichia coli in

urinary tract infection in Al- Diwaniyah governorate, Iraq

Ali B. M. Al- Waaly* and Firas S.A. Al Mayahi

Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Diwaniyah, Iraq.


Abstract

Background: Extended-Spectrum β-lactamases-producing organisms are emerging as a cause of infection in

patients in many areas of the world. Most of these involve urinary tract infection caused by Esherieshia coli

harbouring ESBLs.

Objectives & Methodology: Total 207 sample of Escherichia coli were isolated from urine samples collected from

patient suffering from UTI obtained from Al-Diwaniya Teaching Hospital during 2018, and identification according

to the classical biochemical tests, then confirmed by VITEK 2 system. Sensitivity of all isolates was tested against

23 Antibiotics.

Results: Results showed all isolates of E. coli were resistant 100% to ampicillin but sensitive 100% to imipenem,

the antibiotics resistance rate among the tested E. coli isolates ranged from 92.7%-74.9%, 69.6%-31.4% and

48.3%-10.2%, present to cephalosporins, fluoroquinolone and aminoglycosides respectively. Detection of ESBLs by

using initial screening and confirmatory test which carry out by disk approximation or double disk synergy test

(DDS),showed that 186 (89.8%) - 207(100%) of E. coli were initially screened as positive for ESBL. the disk

approximation or (DDS) 0(0.0%) tests regarding confirmation of ESBL production. The results revealed that

Screening and confirmatory tests considered the most accurate method for detection of ESBL- producing isolates,

while the disk approximation was not accurate method in detecting such enzymes.

Conclusions: It’s not worthy that the difference in number of the above method was large. However, the study

indicated that no correlation was found between the result obtained with disc diffusion method and DDST.

Key words

β-Lactamases, Urinary tract, Escherichia coli.



28-30 June 2020

87


Culture and Diagnosis Cutaneous Leishmania in Babylon city

Saif A.Al-shalah*, Heba Saleh Shaheed, Israa H.NasIr and Zahraa H.Merza

Department of Pathological Analysis Technique, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq.


Abstract

Background: Missing

Objectives & Methodology: This study was carried out to find Leishmania tropica isolation from patients suffering

from skin lesions, and compared between the efficiency of soluble culture filtrate and soluble sonicated L. tropica

Ags in diagnosis of L. tropica in patients by detecting Ab titers against L. tropica Ags in their blood serum as well as

to determine the influences of culture filtrate L. tropica antigen (cf L. Ags) on infection with this parasite. To

achieve the first goal 75 blood samples and aspirated skin samples were collected from patients in Merjan

hospital suffering from chronic skin lesions in Babylon city.

Results: The results explained that 14(18%) skin aspirate samples were L. tropica +ve from total 75 skin aspirate

samples. 7(15.9 %) cases were diagnosed as L. tropica out of 30 cases of female above 15 years old. Also L. tropica

was diagnosed in 2(4.54%) out of 14 cases from female below 15 years old. While L. tropica was diagnosed in

3(9.67%) from 22 male below 15 years old and 2(6.45%) out of 9 cases from male above 15 years old.

Conclusions: In the females L. tropica isolates were more in upper limbs (5) and face (3) than lower limbs (1) and

ear (1) while in male more L. tropica isolates were reported from upper limbs (2) and face (3).

Key words

Leishmania tropica, Culture, Skin lesions.



28-30 June 2020

88


Capture and Recapture Method to Estimate Incidence of Maturity Onset

Diabetes Mellitus in Najaf 2015

Riyadh Kareem Alshebli

Public Health Expert, Community Health Technical Department, College of Health and Medical

Techniques, Al- Furat Al- Awsat Technical University, Kufa, Iraq.


Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most important public health challenges of the twenty-first century.

Current estimates of diabetes mellitus incidence are imprecise, only providing a rough picture, and probably

underestimate the disease burden. Difficulty in measuring diabetes incidence related partly to absence of surveys

and partly to incomplete reporting and cases documentation. Standard methods for estimation of diabetes

incidence and prevalence are population surveys, postal questionnaires, house-to-house surveys, clinic or hospital

records, and computerized diabetes registers. New method which is capture–recapture (CR) are used for

determining the incidence and prevalence of diabetes. The techniques are based on the use of multiple data

sources to estimate the size of the total population concerned.

Objectives & Methodology: To estimate the incidence of diabetes by examine the effects of using different

numbers of data sources, and the effects of using dependent data sources, on CR population estimates and to

evaluate ability of capture and recapture method in estimation of incidence of the diseases. Study design:

Retrospective descriptive study using capture and recapture method with following criteria:1-The cases must be

captured in the same period of time.2-Matching pair must be identified in both sources.3-Each case must have

the same probability to be capture for each source.4-The ascertainment of each case by the source is

independent.5-The population has to be closed. There is no lost or entry of cases.

Results: Total of 2337 patients (male to female ratio is 775/1562 = 1:2) in diabetes control center (1st group)

while there are 863 patients (male to female ratio is 356/508 = 1:2) in night public clinics (2nd group) and we

matching that there are 104 patients existing in the two groups. Male proportional is 33% of patients in diabetic

control center and 41% of patients in Night public clinics while female proportional is 67% of patients in diabetic

control center and 59% of patients in Night public clinics. All over incidence was 0.06 (6%) with Sensitivity 16.4%.

Male Incidence was 0.02 (2%) with Sensitivity 12.3% while incidence among female was 0.04 (4%) with Sensitivity

12.1%.

Conclusions: Capture and recapture method can be used in the future studies to measure incidence and

prevalence of other diseases especially infectious diseases. Regarding estimation of incidence of non

communicable diseases, there are no previous studies related to measurement of incidence of diabetes mellitus,

so we cannot do any comparison to estimate accuracy of the results obtained from this study.

Key words

Incidence, Capture-Recapture, D.M, C-R, matching, Diabetic control center, Night public clinics.



28-30 June 2020

89


Antimicrobial biofilm activities of Nanoparticles

Nawfal H. Aldujaili

Department of Biology,Faculty of science, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq.


Abstract

Background: Nanoparticles have unique properties to combat infection have received considerable attention

within a range of diverse fields, including biomedicine. 1-100 nm in size, spherical or rods or plates, and other

shapes, solid or hollow, composed of a variety of materials. In Top-down (physical) process, Nano scale structure

is made from large scale structure of different techniques. In bottom- up (chemical and biological) process,

nanoparticle structures are made atom by atom or molecule by molecule by self-assembly or self-organization

Objectives & Methodology: Metals have been used for long time as antimicrobial agents. Silver, copper, gold,

titanium, and zinc have attracted particular attention, each having different properties and spectra of activity.

Many products, including toothpastes, now incorporate powdered zinc citrate or acetate to control the formation

of dental plaque. Metallic nanoparticles have also been considered to improve antimicrobial efficiency. The main

considerations are the physical and chemical characteristics of the particular nanoparticles used, including the

surface charge and degree of hydrophobicity, the surface area-to-mass ratio of the plaque biofilm and the ability

of the particles to adsorb to/be taken up at the biofilm surface.

Results: It appears that bacteria are far less likely to acquire resistance to metal nanoparticles than they are to

other conventional and narrow-spectrum antibiotics. This is thought to occur because metals may act on a broad

range of microbial targets, and many mutations would have to occur in order for the microorganisms to resist

their antimicrobial activity. Shape may also affect the activity of nanoparticles. It has been demonstrated that the

shape of silver nanoparticles can influence antimicrobial activity, as has been shown in the case of Escherichia coli.

Truncated triangular silver nanoplates with a {111} lattice pattern as the basal plane showed the greatest biocidal

activity compared with spherical and rod-shaped nanoparticles. The differences appear to be explained by the

proportion of active facets present in nanoparticles of different shapes.

Conclusions: traditional antibiotics are effective at concentrations 1000-fold lower. NiO, Ni, Al2O3, TiO2 (in the

absence of UV light), Si3N4, WC (tungsten carbide), and ZrO2 were found to lack antimicrobial activity at the

concentrations tested. The oral pathogens Streptococcus intermedius, P. gingivalis, F. nucleatum, P. intermedia,

and A. actinomycete mcomitans were also found to be susceptible to Ag and CuO nanoparticles under anaerobic

conditions with MBC values in the range 0.025-2.5 mg/mL.

Key words

Antimicrobial biofilm, Nanoparticles, Dental plaque.



28-30 June 2020

90


The Effects of Smoking on Packed Cell Volume among Smoker Males in Al-Hilla City

Rawaa M. Mohammed1,*, Ahmed Aljamal2 and Imad K. Abbas3

1Department of Anaesthesia Technique, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq

2Department of Medical Physics, Al-Nusoor University College, Baghdad, Iraq

2Department of Dentistry, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq


Abstract

Background: Present study including 100 samples (adult males), and collected 50 blood samples from adult

smoker males and 50 blood samples from adult non-smoker males during period (2nd January 2019 – 1st

March 2019), are collected from Al-Hilla city , and the samples among present study included adult males in

age (20-50 years).

Objectives & Methodology: 50 blood samples collected from smoker adult males and 50 blood samples

collected from non-smoker adult males, after that blood samples were pulled into red capillary tubes and

placed in the centrifuge for 30 min. in / 3000 cycles per minute and then the blood viscosity (PCV) was

measured by using a standard laboratory ruler.

Results: A positive correlation between cigarette consumption and packed cell volume (PCV) was found in

smoker males.

Conclusions: There are significant changes in packed cell volume between smoker males and non-smoker

males (P>0.001).

Key words

PCV, Smoker males, Non-smoker.



28-30 June 2020

91


Effects of the Artemisinin on L. donovani Promastigotes

Ghuffran M. Hassan* and Hayder Z. Ali

Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq


Abstract

Background: Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne protozoan parasite, it is endemic worldwide with clinical

spectrum ranges from asymptomatic infection to fatal visceral leishmaniasis. This disease is considered a

major health problem and there is a need for new anti-leishmanial therapies of less toxicity. This study was

aimed to investigate the proliferation inhibitory activity of a herbal compound, called Artemisinin, derived

from a Chinese plant called Artemisia annua on L. donovani procyclic promastigotes, in vitro.

Objectives & Methodology: Various concentrations were studied in vitro by direct counting to investigate its

effect on the proliferation of promastigotes. Five concentrations were used (500, 400, 300, 200, 100, 50, 10)

µM for three times of follow up (24, 48, 72) hours.

Results: The results showed a significant decrease in surviving promastigotes, in parallel with the normal cell

count of untreated promastigotes, along the periods studied.

Conclusions: This study revealed a major growth inhibition effect of Artemisinin against L. donovani

promastigotes, in vitro. It is recommended for future studies of Artemisinin effects on amastigotes forms and

in vivo study.

Key words

Visceral leishmaniasis, Artemisinin, in vitro



28-30 June 2020

92


Knockdown of TIGAR Induces Apoptosis and Autophagy with Modulates NF-κB and HO-1

Expression in A549 Lung Cancer Cells

Can Ali AĞCA1 and Osama Hamid SHAREEF1,2,*

1Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Literature, Bingol University, Bingöl,

Turkey

2Department of Medical Laboratory Technique, Halabja Technical Institute, Sulaimani Polytechnic University,

Sulaymaniyah, Iraq


Abstract

Background: The tp53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR) protein controls fructose-2, 6-

bisphosphate (Fru-2, 6-P2) levels during glucose metabolism and helps maintain nicotinamide adenine

dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) levels to recycle glutathione (GSH), a key intracellular antioxidant.

Objectives & Methodology: The present study was designed to investigate the apoptosis and autophagy

mechanisms via reactive oxygen species (ROS) that underlie TIGAR knockdown in the A549 cell line. To detect the

influence of siRNA-TIGAR on A549 lung cancer cells, we performed cell viabilty, colony formation, ROS, and

NADPH assays. In addition, Western blotting and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays were used to

measure protein and mRNA expression levels, respectively.

Results: After TIGAR knockdown in A549 cell lines, various assay parameters were analyzed and showed that

down-regulation of TIGAR inhibited viability and decreased colony formation. We also demonstrated that TIGAR

knockdown induced apoptosis and autophagy, followed by an induction of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-

enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression. Furthermore, increased ROS

levels and decreased NADPH levels were observed.

Conclusions: This study supports our understanding of the possibility of employing TIGAR knockdown in lung

cancer cells to enhance apoptosis and autophagy with NF-κB and HO-1 expression and then suggest TIGAR as a

potential target for the treatment of lung cancer.

Key words

TIGAR, Lung cancer, Apoptosis, Autophagy, NF-κB, HO-1.



28-30 June 2020

93


SEN Virus (SEN-V) and Torque Teno Virus (TTV) Co-Infection in a Sample of Hepatitis

Patients from Baghdad-Iraq

Ealaf Abbas khudair1, Arwa Mujahid Abdullah Al-Shuwaikh2,*

1Alnahrain Company for Drug Industry, Baghdad, Iraq

2Microbiology Department, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq


Abstract

Background: Several lines of evidence have suggested the presence of new hepatitis agents, in addition to

established hepatitis viruses A-E. SEN virus (SENV) was discovered in 1999 as a DNA virus with hepatotropic

properties. In addition Torque teno virus (TTV) was discovered as a potential agent of non-A-E hepatitis.

Objectives & Methodology: This study aimed to determine SEN-V/TTV co-infection in hepatitis patients and

healthy blood donors. Also to find out any possible association between the study population demographic data

and SEN-V/TTV status. This study conducted from November 2017 to March 2018. Serum samples were collected

from 50 patients who had hepatitis HBV or HCV and attended to Gastroenterology and Hepatology Teaching

Hospital. As a control group, sera were collected from a total 50 healthy blood donors who had no history of

transfusion from the Blood Donation Center in Al Imamein Al Kadhimein Medical City. The clinical characteristics

of both patients and controls such as (ALT, AST, HCV-Ab, HBsAg and HBcAb) were obtained from their files in the

hospitals. Serum samples were tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of SEN-V DNA. In addition

Serum samples were tested by ELISA technique for detection of TTV Ag.

Results: TTV and SEN-V co-infections had been detected in hepatitis patient and healthy blood donors with

exposure rate (26%) and (4.65%), respectively. results of this study showed that SENV/TTV co-infection in

hepatitis patients is significantly higher than healthy blood donors. Concerning risk factors, it was found that there

was no statistically significant relationship between SENV/TTV positivity and mean level of ALT or AST. Also,

results indicated that the presence of SEN-V and/or TTV was not associated with sex, age, history of transfusion,

surgery and tattooing.

Conclusions: Current study concluded that coinfection by SENV/TTV was not associated with clinical or

biochemical signs of liver disease, even among HBV or HCV infected patients SEN-V infection was not linked with

enhanced severity of hepatitis.

Key words

SEN-V, TTV, Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C virus.



28-30 June 2020

94


Effect of some Alcoholic Extracts in Reducing the Fat Content of the Liver Tissue in Rat

Mohammed Hayder Hamad

Collage of Al Mustaqbal University, Hillah, Iraq


Abstract

Background: This research was carried out in rats in a special place of the laboratory of histopathological

diseases in the period 6/9/2018 until 23/11/2018. The objectives of this study to detect effect of the addition

of the alcohol extract of ginger in the reduction of fat in liver tissue of rats, Eight groups and replicates for

each group. The groups were homogenous in weights and were placed in 13 cages. Each group consisted of

10 rat and at 5 fares each. In the first treatment, rat were fed on regular feeding without adding and feeding

rats in the second treatment sessions add to it the alcoholic extract of ginger in Turkey 150 mg/kg. The third

group is the same as the normal food after adding the alcohol extract of ginger at a concentration of 300

mg/kg. The results of the study showed a high morale in the rates of reduction of fat in the liver tissue of rat

fed on the alcohol extract of the ginger and improved the conversion factor of food by adding the extract of

alcohol extract of each of the ginger.

Objectives & Methodology: Ginger was purchased from the local markets and cut into very small pieces.

Dissolved 30 g of raw material in alcohol to get the ginger extract in 70 ml of ethyl alcohol at 96%

concentration and placed in a clean glass jar in a dark place, 4 times daily for at least two weeks. The solution

was then filtered with Whatman1 filter paper (Shalmany and Shivazad, 2006). The solution is then placed in

the rotary evaporator, at a temperature of 45 m for the purpose of extracting the solution. The solution was

then placed in an electric oven at 45 ° C for 20 minutes to dispose of the remaining alcohol. After extracting

the extract, it was weighed by a sensitive balance and stored in clean containers.

Results: The results of the current study showed the effect of alcohol extract of ginger in the morphological

description and tissue composition of the rat liver and compared it with the treatment of control and the

following.

Conclusions: The addition of alcoholic extracts to medicinal plants has reduced the concentration of

cholesterol and the level of fat in the liver.

Key words

Alcoholic extract, Fat content, Liver tissue.



28-30 June 2020

95


Study Endothelin-1, Troponin levels and Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9) Gene

Polymorphism with ACS Patients in Babylon Province

Zahraa Haleem1, Ali H. Al Saadi2 and Moshtak Abdulatheem Wtwt3,*

1Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq

2Department, College of Science, Babylon University, Hilla, Iraq

3Department, College of Medicine, Babylon University, Hilla, Iraq


Abstract

Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) consists of unstable angina pectoris, non-ST segment elevation

myocardial infarct ion and ST segment elevate ion myocardial infarction. The aim of the study was to compare the

vibration some hormones levels in the Acute coronary syndrome patients and control groups and This study

aimed to investigate the association between two single nucleotide polymorphisms (−1562C>T, of the MMP-9

gene in patients with ACS in the Iraq population.

Objectives & Methodology: This study was conducted between Marjan teaching hospital in Babylon Province and

it was carried out at the coronary care unit in Babylon province, Iraq . This patient-control study was composed of

60 ACS patients with age 53.38 ± 9.51 and 30 control with age 51.43 ± 7.81 subject. The present study is divided

into two main parts: physio-biochemical and molecular parts. The physiological part involved hormonal assay

(troponin and endothelin-1) while molecular part included. The genotypes of the selected SNPs were determined

by the method of polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP-PCR). The

relationship between the polymorphism of the MMP-9 gene and the severity of acute coronary syndrome with

negative medical history.

Results: The result of this study showed that patients with Acute coronary syndrome both males and females had

significantly troponin and elevated Endothelin-1 in patient than control < 0.001** (**p value ≤ 0.01 was

significant). Analysis of the SNPs of MMP-9 gene showed that the frequency of CT and TT genotypes in patients

with ACS was significantly higher than that in the control group (ACS vs. controls; CT+TT: (85%Vs 36%).

Conclusions: We observed an association between the MMP-9 gene polymorphism and acute coronary syndrome

in this study. These data suggest that the Apo E4 increases the risk for ACS in Babylon province (O.R-4.090) and

high level troponin and elevated Endothelin-1 in patient than control.

Key words

Single nucleotide polymorphisms, Troponin, Endothelin, MMP-9.



28-30 June 2020

96


Apololipoprotine E4 Gene and Change in Atrial Natriuretic Peptide and Thyroid Hormones in

Patient with Acute Coronary Syndrome in Babylon Province/Iraq

Zahraa Haleem1, Ali H. Al Saadi2 and Moshtak AbdulatheemWtwt3,*

1Department of Medical Laboratories Technique, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq

2College of Science, Babylon University, Hilla, Iraq

3College of Medicine, Babylon University, Hilla, Iraq


Abstract

Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is mainly caused by coronary atherosclerotic plaque rupture or

erosion and subsequent intra coronary thrombus formation. Complex diseases arising from the interaction

between several genetic and environmental factors, myocardial infarction and coronary artery disease are

distinguished from monogenic Mendelian disorders (i.e. thalassemia, hemophilia, and cystic fibrosis) in which

mutations of a single gene are believed to cause the greatest part of the disease phenotype. This study aimed to

evaluate some hormone levels and investigate some important genes that are related to acute coronary

syndrome patients with negative past medical history, determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and

restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP-PCR).

Objectives & Methodology: This study was a case-control study conducted from Marjan Teaching Hospital. The

study was carried out at the coronary care unit / in Babylon province/Iraq by taking 60 patients who suffered from

acute coronary syndrome (50 male and 10 female) with an average age (35-65 year), all of them were without

complications and were excluded from chronic inflammatory diseases. Also, the study included 30 apparently

healthy people who were (20 male and 10 female) with an average age (35-65 year), as control matched with

disease groups.

Results: The results showed that patients with acute coronary syndrome, both males and females, had

significantly Higher Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) levels, than the control groups(P≤ 0.01), while the levels of T3

(Triiodothyronine) was significantly lower (P≤ 0.05) in acute coronary syndrome patient than in the control groups

.E4The allele of the E2 and E3 protein is form polymorphism in the gene encoding apolipoprotein E (Apo E) The

Apo E alleles and genotypes were determined by (RFLP-PCR).

Conclusions: E4 the allele of the E2 and E3 protein is form polymorphism in the gene encoding apolipoprotein E

(Apo E) The Apo E alleles and genotypes were determined by (RFLP-PCR). We observed an association between

the Apo E polymorphism and acute coronary syndrome in this study. These data suggest that the Apo E4 increases

the risk for ACS in Babylon province (O.R-4.090).

Key words

ACS, ANP, Gene polymorphism, APO E4.



28-30 June 2020

97


The Change in Some Immunity Parameter as a Result of Gingivitis Infection in Smoking

Patients

Rafla'a S.H. Hussien, Sura I.A. Jabuk, Zahraa M. Altaee and Dlal M.R. Shwalia

Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Babylon, Baghdad, Iraq


Abstract

Background: Gingivitis, sometimes called gum disease or periodontal disease, describes cases of bacterial build up

in the oral cavity, which in the end, if untreated, can lead to loss of Teeth, as a result of damage to the layer that

encapsulates the teeth.

Objectives & Methodology: Collect 18 samples from smoking patient with gingivitis and 7 samples from healthy

people as control (age 20-25 years) to study parasites which found in mouth spatially in gingivitis and effected on

IL-2 and IL-4, IgA and IgG we found parasite Entamoeba gingivalis and Trichomonas tenax.

Results: 10 samples have Trichomonas tenax and 8 samples have Entamoeba gingivalis. In other hand we found

significant differences at 0. 05 in IL-2 (Mean =20.62727 infected with Trichomonas tenax, Mean =19.31818

infected with Entamoeba gingivalis, control =11.4), IL-4 (Mean =509.3636 infected with Trichomonas tenax,

Mean=235.2727 infected with Entamoeba gingivalis, control=7 ) , IgA (Mean =264.50 infected with Trichomonas

tenax, Mean=243.50 infected with Entamoeba gingivalis, control=7 ) and IgG (Mean =975.00 infected with

Trichomonas tenax, Mean=1024.00 infected with Entamoeba gingivalis, control=7 )

Conclusions: The parasitical infection increase periodontitis additional to smoking. Gingivitis may happened by

parasites not by bacteria we found IgG level had been decreased in while IgA, IL-2 and IL-4 levels were increased

in serum during infection with parasite.

Key words

Entamoeba gingivalis , Trichomonas tenax, IL-4 , IL-2, IgA and IgG



28-30 June 2020

98


Comparison between Polymerase Chain Reaction and Blood Culture for

Diagnosis of Neonatal Sepsis

Mohammed Hayder Hamad and Noor Hamid Abbas Al-Marzoog*

College of Al-Mustaqbal University, Hilla, Iraq.

E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]

Abstract

Background: Neonatal sepsis can be defined as any systemic bacterial infection confirmed by a positive blood

culture in the first month of life. In this study, (85) blood specimens were collected from (85) patients with

suspected septicemia, age ranged between 1to 28 days from both sexes (53 males and 32 females) during the

period from November 2014 to March 2015. Bacterial culture was positive in (7.06%) patients versus (92.9%)

patients revealed a negative bacterial culture. The most common types of bacteria isolated were three isolates of

Klebsiella spp. (50.0%), followed by one isolate Staphylococcus aureus (16.67%), one isolate E. coli (16.67%), and

one isolate Enterobacter spp. (16.67%). Finally, molecular detection for bacterial sepsis was done by using specific

primers (16 sRNA, rpoB and its). It was found that 16 sRNA genes were present in (20%) of samples and rpoB gene

present in (18.8%). While its gene used for detection of fungi revealed negative results in all samples.

Objectives & Methodology: This study was conducted on 85 neonates (1-28 days) with clinical or laboratory

findings suggestive of sepsis admitted at NICUs and premature infant unit of the Babylon Hospital for Pediatric

and Gynecology during the period from November 2014 to March 2015. Full history taking, thorough clinical

examination and routine laboratory investigations were done to all neonates with suspected sepsis.

Results: The results of gel electrophoresis for DNA bands based on genes specific for bacterial 16S RNA revealed

that 17:85 patients (20%) were positive for target specific for bacterial gene (16S rRNA) in their blood samples

with length (861) base pairs.

Conclusions: After specific DNA extraction from blood samples, DNA was amplified with primer ITS F and ITS R in

25µl reaction mixtures. Then, the PCR products were purified by agarose gel electrophoresis, and it was found

that there are no samples producing fungal DNA with primer in pairs (400) bp fragment.

Key words

Neonatal sepsis, 16 sRNA, PCR, Septicemia.



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Epidemiological and Histopathological study of Appendicitis in Karbala province

Khetam L. Hussain, Aiyat Hazem Al-Shugary, Eman Jabbar Rahim, Amear Ali Aenad, Sajida Jawad Mahdi,

Abdullah Ali Kate, Senen Saleh Falak, Safa Najeh Ibrahim

Medical Laboratory Techniques, Alsafwa University College, Al-Ma’laji area, Karbala, Iraq


Abstract

Background: Appendicitis is inflammation of the appendix, which is usually located in the right lower part of the

abdomen. Appendicitis is more common surgical emergencies, and it is one of the common most causes of

abdominal pain.

Objectives & Methodology: In order to detect the incidence of appendicitis and it is associated with gender and

age, also study the histopathological changes that occur in the tissue during acute inflammation. A database of

patients with appendicitis was collected from Al Hussein medical city in the Karbala city from January to

December 2018. Also, samples were taken from the surgical theatres after being fixed directly with 10% formalin

for tissue processing.

Results: The current study included an epidemiological prevalence study of appendicitis in Karbala province,

where complete data were collected in 2018 from Al Hussein Medical Hospital. The results show that the total

number of appendicitis in Karbala province was (636) cases, divided in to (299) and (286) for male and female

respectively, while the secondary removal cases was (69). The percentage of infection was 47.012%, 42.12% and

10.85% for male, female and secondary removal. The statistical analysis showed that there were significant

differences under (P> 0.05) between percentage of infection in male and female (0.01). Also this study included

histopathological examination of appendectomy specimen. After surgical removal of appendix, the specimen

directly fixed with 10% formalin and then does tissue processing. The microscopic examination showed

obstruction of the lumen and infiltration of inflammatory cell within lumina properia, muscularis and adventatia.

The mucosal epithelial was destruction with ulceration, also there are extensive lymphoid hyperplasia.

Conclusions: The percentage of infection in male is higher than in female 47.012%, 42.12% and 10.85% for male,

female and secondary removal.

Key words

Appendicitis, Prevalence, Karbala, Gender, Histopathological.



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The Situation of Health Security in Iraq

Ayad M.J. Al-Mamoori

Biology Department, College of Science, University of Babylon, Hilla, Iraq


Abstract

Background: The situation of health security in Iraq depends on some criteria like Human susceptibility to

infection, Human demographics and behaviour, Breakdown of public health measures, Climate and weather,

Economic development Land use and ecosystem changes, Technology and industry and Poverty and social

inequality.

Objectives & Methodology: To evaluate the health security situation in Iraq, standard questionnaires were

distributed to all health institutes and from these questionnaires the gaps in health security have been detect

after statistical analysis.

Results: The important indicator was detected form this study that is: lack of resources, response strategies, lack

of awareness.

Conclusions: All Iraqi health institutes need the following to strength the health security in Iraq: emergency

management and response systems, health and human services systems, community and kinship systems

Key words

Health security, Health institute, Health security criteria.



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Emerging Infectious Diseases and Bioterrorism

Ayad M.J. Almamoori

Biology Department, College of Science, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq.


Abstract

Background: It's become possible that the New Emerging Infectious Pathogen becomes the Bioterrorism Agent,

the terrorist scientist team might use the new emerging infectious pathogen as a tool for bioterrorism.

Objectives & Methodology: The first thing is to investigate any new emerging infection and possibility to be as a

biological weapon is to answer whether this is natural or intended outbreak, if approved that is a terrorist event,

the standard infection control must be done, and sort of preventive action should be adapt to control on

Bioterrorism and to prevent the further consequences which effect on public health.

Key words

Emerging infectious diseases, Bioterrorism, Preventive action.



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Impact of Immune Factors in Progression of Multiple Myeloma (MM) in Iraqi Patients

Muhammed A.H. Aldabagh1, Ali M. Jawad2 and Mohammed S. Abbas3

1Medical Research Unit, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq

2College of Medicine, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq

3Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq


Abstract

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most prevalent adult haematological malignancy. It is

characterized by the extension clone of plasma cells within bone marrow. Dysregulation of immunity has a potent

role in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma. Evidence is mounting that a network of cytokines are operating in

the growth, dissemination and progression of human multiple myeloma.

Objectives & Methodology: In current case control study, 48 patients with MM were enrolled. Patients were

grouped to 19 untreated (UT) newly diagnosed and 30 treated (T) with chemotherapy, either by CTD protocol or

MP protocol. Group of control (C) were consisted of 30 subjects. sRID test, was used for determination levels of

C4, IgA, IgM, and IgG. ELISA was used to evaluate levels of IL-1α, IL-8, and GM-CSF, IL-2, INF-γ, IL-4, and IL-10.

Results: Levels of IL-α showed non-significant difference in UT and T groups. Interestingly, IL-8 levels significantly

elevated in both of UT and T groups. On the contrary, INF-ɣ levels strongly dropped in both of UT and T groups.

However, no difference was found between UT and T groups. Regarding IL-2, significant and non-significant

elevation were found in UT and T groups, while significant dropping was found in T group compared to UT group.

Related to IL-4, significant dropping were found in both of UT and T. Both of UT and T groups significantly dropped

in IL-10 levels. Levels of C4 showed non-significant elevation and dropping in both of UT and T groups

respectively, while showed significant difference between UT and T groups. Regarding Ig assay, levels of IgM

showed significant dropping in both of UT and T groups respectively. Significant dropping in T group compared to

UT group was also evident. Levels of IgG showed significant and non-significant elevation in both of UT and T

groups respectively, also showed significant dropping in T group compared to UT group. Non-significant and

significant dropping were showed in IgA levels in both of UT and T groups respectively. Moreover, showed

significant dropping in T group compared to UT group.

Conclusions: Disturbance of immune regulation may be prognostic signal for MM condition.

Key words

Multiple myeloma, MM, CTD, MP, GM-CSF, IL-8, IL-1α, IL-2, INF-γ, IL-4, IL-10.



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103


Analysis of Women with Endometrial Hyperplasia Measured by U/S in the Context of Socio-

Demographic and Other Risk Factors

Ban Amer Mousa1,*, Sijal Fadhil Farhood Makki Al Joborae2 and Hassan Falah Hassan3

1Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Babylon College of Medicine, Hilla, Iraq

2Department of Community Medicine, Babylon College of Medicine, Hilla, Iraq

3Department of Radiology & Ultrasound, AL-Hilla Teaching Hospital, Hilla, Iraq


Abstract

Background: Assessment of presence the risk factors, year with higher prevalence of the endometrial hyperplasia

between (2014-2018) & age-related prevalence of endometrial hyperplasia, then we find the incidence of patients

in rural and urban area and the commonest type of endometrial hyperplasia. According to WHO classification,

pathophysiology is associated with the extreme and continuous motivation of the endometrial tissue of the

uterus. The risks endometrial hyperplasia factors comprise chronic anovulation, polycystic ovarian syndrome,

tamoxifen therapy, and estrogen-only hormone treatment. Endometrial hyperplasia has been categorized into

1-simple hyperplasia: described by slight endometrial glandular collecting and with low hazard of advance to

endometrial malignancy

2-simple atypical hyperplasia: included of endometrium with simple glandular collecting &/or cytological atypia

and the maximum hazard of advance to endometrial malignancy

3-complex hyperplasia: described by more endometrial glandular collecting & intermediary &/or cytological atypia

and the maximum hazard of advance to endometrial malignancy

Objectives & Methodology: Observational study is done on inpatients & outpatients clinic in Obstetrics and

Gynaecological Department in Babylon teaching hospital and some private clinics after taking their permission.

Endometrial hyperplasia (EH) is defined by the exciting growth of the endometrial glands &the type of EH

determined on the histopathological description of the specimen changes then congregated according to the old

and recent classification of the WHO, but nowadays the recent one is more commonly used than the other, One

hundred fifty patients who presented with abnormal uterine bleeding were recorded and prevalence of

endometrial hyperplasia assessed in them. These ladies were above 35 years old in period between 2014 till 2018

.The endometrial thickness were measured by U/S then take permission from them to do diagnostic dilatation and

curate some under GA and the other by hystroscope to take endometrial biopsy then send the sample for

histopathological examination.

Results: The mean age of women with endometrial hyperplasia was 48.51±8.05 ranging from (30-66). More than

half of women with endometrial hyperplasia live in urban area (57.3%), while those women who live in rural area

represented 42.0%. Regarding occupation, 58.0% of women were employed in comparison with housewives

which represented 42.0% of women. The uterine thickness of women with endometrial hyperplasia that was

measured by ultrasound was 15.5±10.1ranging from (2-37).Three quarter of women with endometrial hyperplasia



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was multiparous (78.0%) the most common cause of uterine bleeding was endometrial hyperplasia which

represented 50.0% followed by endometrial aplasia and bleeding tendency in a percentage of 34.7% and 15.3%

respectively. the percentage of women with endometrial hyperplasia according to the year of diagnosis, was

increase in 2016,2017 and 2018 in a percentage of 28.0%,28.0% and 27.3% respectively.

Conclusions: We must concentrate on abnormal complaint of the patients and take it seriously especially in this

age group because it is preventable disease and we can discover it earlier to prevent chance of endometrial

carcinoma transformations.

Key words

Analysis, Endometrial hyperplasia, Endometrial thickness, Endometrial carcinoma,WHO classification,

Histopathology.



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105


The Need for Developing a Fourth Level of Awareness in Human Consciousness:

Unconscious, Preconscious, Conscious and Post conscious

Hashim Talib Hashim and Mustafa Ahmed Ramadhan

College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.


Abstract

Background: Consciousness is the quality or state of being aware of an external object or something within

oneself, such as thoughts, feelings, memories, or sensations. It has also been defined in the following ways:

sentience, awareness, subjectivity, the ability to experience or to feel, wakefulness, having a sense of selfhood,

and the executive control system of the mind. At one time, consciousness was viewed with skepticism by many

scientists, but in recent years, it has become a significant topic of research in psychology and neuroscience. Freud

divided human consciousness into three levels of awareness: the conscious, preconscious, and unconscious. Each

of these levels corresponds and overlaps with Freud’s ideas of the id, ego, and superego. The conscious level

consists of all the things we are aware of, including things we know about ourselves and our surroundings. The

preconscious consists of things we could pay conscious attention to if we so desired, and is where many memories

are stored for easy retrieval. Freud saw the preconscious as comprised of thoughts that are unconscious at the

particular moment in question, but that are not repressed and are therefore available for recall and easily capable

of becoming conscious (for example, the tip-of-the-tongue effect). The unconscious consists of things that are

outside of conscious awareness, including many memories, thoughts, and urges of which we are not aware. Much

of what is stored in the unconscious is thought to be unpleasant or conflicting; for example, sexual impulses that

are deemed unacceptable. While these elements are stored out of our awareness, they are nevertheless thought

to influence our behavior.

Objectives & Methodology: This Study which is cross sectional study conducted as an interview survey for one

month, involved 167 participants from many countries who are almost students or from higher educational level.

We used self - structured questionnaire which was tested for validity in a pilot study of 30 participants by asking

them the questions and after one week, we asked them again, the answers were exactly the same. All the

participants are well informed about the purpose of our study and what we are testing for before we gain their

consent. The data was collected and analyzed by Social Science Program (SPSS) version 24.0.

Results: The mean of age is 21.4491 with standard deviation of 3.43907 40.1% of them are male (67) and 59.3%

are females (99), only 0.6% prefer not to say. 59.3% of them said that they have ever experienced psychological

problems, 16.2% said that they have not experienced any psychological problem and 24.6% said maybe. 94.6% of

them said that they feel guilty when they do wrong or unacceptable thing and 5.4% said no. 86.8% of them have

stopped a work because they felt that it is wrong or unacceptable but 13.2% have not. 62% feel that they need to

do this work and they will not do it again, but 38% do not feel that. 59.9% follow their feelings to do the wrong

thing and convince themselves not to do it again but 40.1% do not. 37.1% have experienced a depression,

anxiety, psychological problems or breakdown because of the conflict between the feeling of guilty and the

feeling of the need to do the unacceptable work, 24.6% have not and 38.3% said maybe. 78.4% of them have

good thoughts and only 21.6% of them have bad thoughts in their personality. There is a significant difference



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106

between people who feel guilty on a work and the people who feel that they need to do the wrong thing and they

will never do it again (P - Value = 0.009). There is a significant difference too between people who feel that they

need to do the wrong thing because they need it and the people who follow that feeling (P - Value = 0). There are

not significant differences between age or gender and other variables.

Conclusions: The feeling of the need to do any work and it will not occur again is not under the control of the

three levels of consciousness described by Sigmoid Freud, so the need to develop a new level of consciousness

which I called it (Postconscinece) is necessary to explain these feelings in human psychology.

Key words

Human consciousness, unconscious, preconscious, post conscious.



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The Relationship Among Health Knowledge, Age, and Job With Common Diseases in Iraqi

Societies

Khadim Abdulameer Al-Zaidy and Abbas Abdulameer Salman

College of Pathological Analysis Technologies, Al-Bayan University, Baghdad, Iraq


Abstract

Background: As common diseases are diabetes, blood pressure, high cholesterol, kidney failure, and thyroid

disease widely exists in the Iraqi societies, it is imperative for diverse population to update their health knowledge

base. We share our experience of questionnaire surveys in educational research in health knowledge of the Iraqi

societies and discuss questionnaire design and data collection and analysis. The research has assessed the health

knowledge of the Iraqi societies based on age and job (educational background). Such evaluations would not only

highlight the strengths and weaknesses of health knowledge, but would also provide a study for improving the

communication skills for both physicians and patients and addressing such issues for allowing quality

improvement.

Objectives & Methodology: The foundation of the research based on statistical data collection. A questionnaire

study test for health knowledge was depended on ages and jobs (educational backgrounds). Based on four scales

the study collected and analysed the primary and secondary data. The data were statistically analyzed using

statistical software. The data analyses involved both descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results: The relationship between the age and the health knowledge was investigated. The results indicate that

there is a strong relationship between the health knowledge and the age that whenever respondent’s ages were

older, they had more knowledge about the common diseases. Likewise, the relationship between the jobs and the

health knowledge also was investigated. The health knowledge is significantly affected by job factor. The

respondents who have jobs related learning had more knowledge about the common diseases.

Conclusions: This paper presented a study to investigate the health knowledge of the Iraqi societies. The study

involved a questionnaire survey contains three sections (ages, jobs, and common diseases) filled by participants

from diversity backgrounds. The results indicate that there is a strong relationship between the health knowledge

and both factors: age and job.

Key words

Common diseases, Diabetes, Blood pressure, Kidney, Health knowledge.



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108


Histological Appreciation of Porous Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan–Collagen Scaffold Implantation

for Bone Fractures Therapy

Marwa Abdul Muhsien Hassan1, Asma H. Mohammed1, Wahab Basam1, Nazar Khalaf Mahan1 and Afrah K.

Shenshell2

1Department of Physics, College of Science, Mustansyriah University, Baghdad, Iraq

2Ministry of Education, Al - Rusafa II, Al - Mutamayzeen High School, Al - Idrisi District, Baghdad, Iraq


Abstract

Background: Bone grafts / implantations are widespread in veterinary medicine and a popular procedure for the

therapy of multiple fracture problems, such as delayed union and non-union, or may be used in the therapy of

pathological fractures, also used as a framework for the stabilization, healing and filling of bone cavity defects.

Objectives & Methodology: 50 adult local breed rabbits of both sexes weighing approximately 1.500-1.750 kg. 1±

5cm of bone length were surgically separated from femoral diaphysis under general anaesthesia using a mixture

of xylzine hydrochloride at a dose of 17.5 mg/kg. B.W. and ketamine hydrochloride at a dose of 25 mg/kg. B.W.

The skin, subcutaneous tissues and fascia-lata opened rapidly, the vastus lateralis and biceps of the femoralis

muscles dissected bluntly, exposed the femoral diaphysis and separated the muscle around the femoral bone, 1

cm of length of the diaphyseal bone removed by the electrical saw with the dripping of the standard sterile saline

for bone cooling, the empty space filled with scaffold bony implantation (Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan–Collagen). All

the operated animals divided to five equal groups. The control groups of 10 rabbits lifted for normal healing

process without laser irradiation, while the treatment group of 10 rabbits which exposed for single continuous

diode laser at 850 nm at 4 point at the lateral aspect of the thigh region for 5 minutes at 72 hours interval at the

dose (148.4 J/cm2). All the animals injected with pencillin streptomycine intramuscular for 3 days post operation.

Results: The radiological finding in the treatment group revealed early new bone formation at the end of 1st week

post operation, while in the control group the new bone formation started at the end of the 2nd week post

operation, the callus formation increase in size and opacity for the later weeks until bridge formation to joined the

femoral fragments along the xeno bony implantation in the end of 3rd and 4th weeks post operation in treatment

group, while in the control group the bony bridge formated at the end of the 6th week post operation, the later

weeks the callus stopped in formation and the remodeling phase started until the end of the 12th weeks post

operation. The histopathological examination at the end of 6th weeks post operation in treatment groups

revealed increase in the trabecula bone formation, seemed mature and wide and well mineralized with little

cavity within the trabecula bone, while in the control groups, thin and less mineralization with large cavity inside

the trabecula bone formation. At the end of 12th weeks post operation in the treatment groups mature trabecula

bone formation, well mineralized, widening and lamellar bone formation circling the bony device and partially

bone incorporation, the empty osteocyte lacuna of the bony device filled with osteocytes and blood vessels

invaded the haversian canal, while the control groups the trabecula bone thin, less mineralized with many cavity,

not converted to lamellar bone some of the empty lacuna within the bony device still not filled with osteocytes,

with increase in the diameters of the haversian canal. All the physical and mechanical analysis done and the

results revealed that the treatment group more dense and hardness than the control group and when exposed to



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pressure and heat to analysed the fracture tolerance the results showed that the treatment group more resistant

to pressure and can tolerate the fracture test more than the control group.

Conclusions: Low Level Therapy of Continuous Diode Laser promote the partially bony incorporation of the

scaffold bony implantation with the recipient femoral bone and can successfully fill the empty space, support the

weight after removing the internal fixation methods, with no body rejection.

Key words

Crab Shell, Chitosan, Histological Appreciation, Hydroxyapatite, Bone Fracture.



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Alcoholic Addicted and its Relation with Some Immunological Parameters

Hassin Noori Shaalan, Frial G. Abd, Azhar O. Althahab and Lubna Abdul Muttalib Al_shalah*

Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Babylon University, Babylon, Iraq.


Abstract

Background: Alcohol addicted have high burden on the society and health of human, about 76.4 million people

worldwide have criteria for alcohol use disorders. Alcohol alters immune function in many parameters.

Objectives & Methodology: The urine and blood samples were collected from 30 persons who were drinking for

different duration times, age between 20-65 years during April – June 2019 in Al- Najaf government. Alcohol

addicted was determined by two methods rapid test and screening test, IgE concentration in serum were

measured by mini vitas, C3 and C4 concentrations were measured by Mancini plates.

Results: The prisoners were divided according the crime into crowding and accidental car 14 while 16 with

quarrel. Alcohol addicted was determined by two method rapid test and screening test, IgE concentration in

serum were measured by mini vitas and found that in person who drinking alcohol higher than control group in

different duration time (less than 10, 10-20, more than 20 years) as 109.9, second group 10.05 while third group

80.82 compared with control 4. 26. C3 and C4 concentrations were decreased compare with control.

Conclusions: This study found alcohol effect on some immunological parameters and differs in different duration

time for drinking alcohol.

Key words

Alcohol, IgE, Complement component, Immunity.



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111


A Study for Malondialdehyde and Lipid Profile Levels in Ischemic Stroke

Patients with and Without Diabetes Mellitus

Majid Abdulwahab Maatook1,*, Dheyaa Sh. Hammad2

1Southern Technical University, Basrah, Iraq.

2Health and Medical Technology College, Basrah, Iraq


Abstract

Background: Ischemic stroke is the most common type of stroke. It occurs when a blood clot blocks the flow of

blood to the brain. It includes thrombotic and embolic strokes. A thrombotic stroke occurs when a blood clot

forms in one of the arteries that supply blood to the brain. A clot may be caused by fatty deposits (plaque) that

build up in arteries and cause reduced blood flow (atherosclerosis). An embolic stroke occurs when a blood clot

forms away from the brain (commonly in the heart) and when break up it escape through the bloodstream to

lodge in narrower brain arteries.

Objectives & Methodology: To study the levels of Malondialdehyde as lipid peroxidation marker and lipid profile

in ischemic stroke patients with and without diabetes. The study was conducted on 118 subjects, 32 ischemic

stroke patient with diabetes, 36 ischemic stroke patient without diabetes, and 50 healthy subjects as normal

control. Serum Malondialdehyde (MDA), total cholesterol (TC), High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), Low

density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and Triglyceride (TG) were assessed in

all three groups.

Results: Diabetic and non-diabetic ischemic stroke patients demonstrated significantly increase of MDA, LDL,

VLDL, TG and total cholesterol when compared with control subjects, but with more increases in diabetic ischemic

stroke patients. The study has also revealed that there is significantly decrease in the activity of HDL in both

patient groups when compared with healthy control group, but with less decrease in the HDL in diabetic ischemic

stroke group.

Conclusions: Assessment of MDA and lipid profile may be useful in early detection and monitoring diabetic

patients with an increased risk of ischemic stroke.

Key words

Ischemic stroke, Lipid peroxidation, Malondialdehyde lipid profile.



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112


Evaluation of Antithrombin lll Levels in Pregnancy by Radial Immunodiffusion

(RID)

Aamer M. Ali1, Eman Mobder Nayif1 and Zeena Abdull llah2

1Department of Pathological Analysis Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Iraq.

2Department of chemistry and biochemistry, College of Medicine, AL-Nahrain University, Iraq


Abstract

Background: Albumin is a protein whose serum levels decrease in inflammatory conditions such as periodontal

diseases. The aim of the present study was to evaluate changes in serum albumin levels in patients with and

without periodontal diseases before and after non-surgical periodontal treatment and its relationship with clinical

variables of periodontal disease.

Objectives & Methodology: This study included forty five pregnant women divided in three groups depend on

trimester first, second and third each group contains fifteen with fifteen of non-pregnant as a healthy control. The

estimation of antithrombin lll (AT) concentration in serum by used radial immunodiffusion technique (RID).

Results: The (AT) is affected in first trimester and decline below the normal value and compared with healthy

control individual. The concentration were (5.1-21) mg/ml. The concentration were the normal value

antithrombin that(20-40) mg/dl, this include the clinical significant p(0.001). While the second trimester is less

effected, its lees decline compare with healthy control individual. The concentrations were (17.5-31) mg/dl. While

antithrombin in the third trimester is not affected, the concentration (41-27) mg/dl compare with healthy control

is non-significant p (0.08) Thus, it could possibly be assumed that the level of anti-thrombin not affected to an

extent that is clinically non-significant.

Conclusions: Reporting blood levels of antithrombin is a clinical value to pregnancy. Furthermore, this study

showed the first trimester more affected and the second trimester less extend in effected that level was

compared with levels in healthy individuals. AT deficiency is associated with an increased risk for venous

thromboembolism (VTE) and pregnancy loss. The test is important to monitoring the antithrombin level in the

period of first trimester.

Key words

Antithrombin lll, Pregnancy, Radial immunodiffusion.



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Frequency of Microbial Infections among Oncology Patients; Microbial Etiology,

Immunological Assessment and Drug-Resistance Spectrum Profile of

Bloodstream Infections in Patients with Cancer

Sama J. AL-Zuwaini1, Lena Fadhil Aljibouri2 and Ali Hussein Al-Marzoqi1

1College of Science for Women, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq. 2College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq

Abstract

Background: Patients with cancer are at a high risk of infection and often the focus of the infection is not

apparent. Bloodstream infections (BSIs) have been the leading complications in such patients. In adult patients

with malignancies, the crude mortality rates of BSIs range from 18%-42%. A variety of factors including frequent

hospitalization, exposure to invasive procedures, use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and chemotherapy make

cancer patients more susceptible to BSIs. Chemotherapy renders cancer patients to be neutropenic making them

more susceptible to potentially life-threatening BSIs

Objectives & Methodology: This study was performed to investigate the epidemiology of bloodstream infection

(BSI) in oncology patients in Al Hillah Hospital, Iraq, with focus placed on the most common causes, complications,

and antimicrobial susceptibilities in BSI. This study was conducted at a cancer center in Merjan Hospital with

cancer patients. Blood culture samples sent during the evaluation of patients with clinical diagnosis of febrile

neutropenia From April 2015 to June 2016 were analyzed. The microbiological and antibiotic sensitivity patterns

were studied.

Results: A total of 239 febrile cancer patients were included in the study: 126 (52.71%) females and 113 (47.28%)

males. The mean age of study participants was 32.4 years. Biggest group among male was as follow (table 1);

Colorectal Cancer 39 (34.5%), Liver cancer consist 23 (20.35%), Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) 22 (19.47%), Non

Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) 13 (11.50%) of the participants. In contrast with female; Breast cancer 38 (30.2%),

Colorectal Cancer 15 (11.9%), Liver cancer consist 19 (15.1%), Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) 17 (13.5%), Non

Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) 18 (14.3%) of the participants. All the patients with cancer received chemotherapy. The

distribution of the 1007 BSI-causing microorganisms among 239 cancer cases were summarized in Table 2.

Escherichia coli 169 (16.7%), Staphylococcus aureus 117 (11.6%), Coagulase negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) 86

(8.5%), Klebsiella pneumoniae 72 (7.4%), Enterococci sp. 65 (6.4%) and Streptococcus pneumoniae 52 (5.1%).

These species were the most frequently isolated bacteria. The results of antimicrobial patterns percentage of

common resistance isolates from blood culture displays major antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the bacterial

and fungal isolates causing BSI. Resistance to Ofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin and Chloramphenicol was higher than other

antibiotics. The cytokine patterns in serum samples from the study populations was referred that there are

significant elevation in all immunological factors among BSI group associated with Cancer comparing with control,

including IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 and IL-6.

Conclusions: BSI in these patients was caused mainly by Gram-Negative (>60%) bacteria and was associated with

a low case-fatality rate. These results are consistent with worldwide experience of BSI in oncology.

Key words

Cancer, cytokine, Bloodstream Infection, Oncology, drug-resistance.



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114


The Effect of TNF-α, IL-8 and Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes Immune

Alteration Phenotype in Pathogenesis of Hepatitis C Virus Patients

Ali Anok Njum* and Rima N. Hasan

AL-Furat AL-Awsat Technical University, Najaf, Iraq.


Abstract

Background: The dysregulation in pBLs was pronounced in HCV patients and correlated with disease stages.

Objectives & Methodology: project attempts to estimate the manifestation of stimulated indicators on pBL,as the

manifestation of CD45 & CD74 in patients infected with HCV assessment of TNF-α and IL-8 serum ranks in

patients with HCV, associate the consequences of pBL– stimulation indicators appearance and serological

valuation of TNF-α &IL-8 using multiple infection phases. A total of 84 seropositive patients for HCV were

screened for this study .Patients attended general lab. of Al-Muthanna province, because of abdominal pain,

jaundice and loss of appetite and other liver complaint, any serum samples expressed positive for anti-HCV

antibodies directly choose to show level of TNF-α & IL-8 in serum of patient and show expression of CD45 and

CD74 in pBL in HCV patients.

Results: Results showed that serum samples were analysed for IL-8 & TNF-α by ELISA, showed highly significant

increases (p < 0.05) in serum level of HCV patients as compared with healthy control groups, acute HCV revealed

high as well as, increases in serum level of TNF-α significantly (p < 0.05), while chronic liver disease patients

express high increase in serum level of IL-8 significantly (p < 0.05). Activated markers study revealed high

expression of CD74 & CD45 in HCV patients as compared with healthy normal groups, where acute HCV patients

were showed significantly (p < 0.05) high expression in CD74 & CD45 compared with other HCV patients.

Conclusions: From cytokines, CD74 and CD45 expression the results point to the pathogenesis of HCV infection is

relatively due to the immunologic response, plenty of interleukins & chemokine are elaborate in the progress of

the inflammatory process by altering the evolution of the inflammatory via changing the native T h0 response to a

T h1,T h2 or mixed T h1 & T h2 response.

Key words

TNF-α, IL-8, Lymphocytes Immune Alteration, Phenotype and HCV patients.



28-30 June 2020

115

Poster Presentation-AB-17

Pulp Response Capped by Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF)

Athraa Y. Al-Hijazi*, Mukhaled L. Ali, Dhuha M. Hasan and Ammar Hadi Shaalan

Dentistry Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babel, Iraq.


Abstract

Background: Four neurotrophins (NTFs) are a family of structurally related proteins with specific effects on the

developing nervous system and non-neuronal differentiating cells. The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)

has role in differentiation of pulp cells into mineralizing active cells, and that was identified as survival factor,

development and function of dental tissues.

Objectives & Methodology: The study was designed to illustrate pulp response capped by brain-derived

neurotrophic factor after mechanical trauma. Brain derived neurotrophic factor was used as pulp capped material

for maxillary anterior teeth of (12) rat following the mechanical traumatized procedure. Pulp reaction was studied

histologically from the first cutting procedure, followed by interval periods (48, 72, 168 hours), Sixteen for each

period.

Results: Illustrated an enhancement of pulp healing represented by newly apposition of reparative dentine with

presences of active angiogenesis followed by globular mineralization that coincides with proceeding interval time.

Conclusions: The study suggests that BDNF contributes in pulp healing and can be addressed to a more

conservative treatment approach.

Key words

Brain derived neurotrophic factor, Dental pulp, Pulp cell.



28-30 June 2020

116


Lapin Compression Study of Mucosal Versus Systemic Humoral and Cellular Immune

Responses with LPS and H Antigen Extracted from Burkholderia cepacia

Samah Ahmed Kadhum

Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq


Abstract

Background: The uses of vaccine in experimental animals considered to be the goal in vaccine applications to

eradicate Burkholderia infections or to provide the protective immunity against it in the host.

Objectives & Methodology: The objectives of this study explain the effective role of LPS and H antigens

extracted from B. cepacia in experimental rabbits via multisites injection protocol at humoral and cellular,

systemic and local levels. Four successive doses of these antigens were extracted from B. cepacia that

isolated from patients suffering from cystic fibrosis were admitted to the Tuberculosis Center in Babylon

injected into rabbits.

Results: We found that these antigens stimulate both specific humoral systemic and mucosal, agglutinin and

haemagglutinins antibody titers with a significant an increased (p≤0.05) in the concentrations of

immunoglobulins types in addition to the significant an increased in the concentrations of the complements

compartments C3 and C4 at rabbits sera. Cell-mediated immunity was represented by Phagocytic activity by

polymorphnuclear cells and E- rosette forms of T lymphocytes with an increased in the concentrations of

TNF-α at serum and mucosal levels that played an important role in the control of infection

Conclusions: These antigens considered to be the better imunogen that could be used with high efficacy

vaccine to eradicate bacterial inflammation by induction of systemically and locally immune responses.

Key words

Burkholdaria cepacia, flagellar antigen, LPS, Immune responses.



28-30 June 2020

117


Antibacterial Activities of Chlorine Gas and Chlorine Dioxide Gas Against some Pathogenic

Bacteria

Amal Talib Al-Sa'ady1,*, Habeeb S. Nahar2 and Faisil F. AL-Salamy2

1Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq

2Department of Pathological Analysis Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq


Abstract

Background: Infection control in hospitals is the key strategy for prevention of nosocomial infections by breaking

down the transmission rout of infection from the source to susceptible patient by using of suitable disinfectants.

Chlorine Dioxide Gas (ClO2) and Chlorine Gas (Cl2) are promising alternative to other chlorine-releasing

disinfectants.

Objectives & Methodology: Using the fumigation by Controlled-Release Chlorine Dioxide Gas and Chlorine Gas in

sub-toxic levels as an effective disinfectant's technique in hospitals to control the nosocomial bacterial infections.

Sixty-five samples were collected from different sources, clinical and environmental, of Babylon Hospital for

Pediatric and Gynecology and Al-Hilla General Teaching Hospital through a period of 7 months (from September

2017 to March 2018). Bacteriological analysis of these samples resulted in isolation of eight types of bacteria

represented by; Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes, methicillin resistant

Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Bacillus sp. and Staphylococcus

epidermidis. An antibacterial efficacy test of Controlled-Release ClO2 and Cl2 was performed for against these

bacteria.

Results: Results indicated that both of ClO2 and Cl= revealed a remarkable antibacterial potency against all of

tested bacteria being ClO2 was more active compared with Cl2. However, the efficacy of these gases dependent on

the concentration value for each and the type of tested organism.

Conclusions: Both chlorine dioxide gas and chlorine gas can be used as disinfectant in the hospitals in lower sub-

toxic concentrations because both have clear antibacterial effectiveness against pathogenic nosocomial bacteria

and bacteria causing pneumonia, either Gram-negative or Gram-positive bacteria. But, chlorine dioxide gas has

antibacterial activity more than those of chlorine gas.

Key words

Chlorine dioxide gas, Chlorine gas, Antibacterial disinfectants, Clinical and environmental bacterial isolates.



28-30 June 2020

118


Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of New Combretastatin A-4 Analogues

Rajab Abu-El-Halawa1, Asim A. Balakit2, * and Ali Hadi Saud2

1Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Bayt University, Jordan.

2College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq.


Abstract

Background: This work involves the synthesis and characterization of series of novel compounds as

Combretastatin A-4 analogues involve of 1,2,4-triazole core in their structures with various substituents, the

target compounds are deigned to have the requirements of the anticancer activity of the natural anticancer

Combretastatin A-4.

Objectives & Methodology: A series of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives are designed as Combretastatin A-4

analogues with 4-nitrophenyl group and different aliphatic alkyl substituents, the designed compounds were

synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The synthesized compound were

tested as anticancer agents against human cancer laryngeal (Hep-2) cell line, the cytoxicity of the synthesized

compounds were evaluated by the treatment of human normal kidney (Vero) cell line.

Results: The obtained results revealed the compound (A3) which has n-propyl substituent is the most active

one and has lowest cytotoxicity against normal cells, this compound has the lowest IC50 value within the

tested series.

Conclusions: Compound A3 could be considered as promising anticancer agent and good candidate for

further pharmacological studies.

Key words

Combretastatin A-4, Synthesis, 1,2,4-triazole, Antitumor.



28-30 June 2020

119


Detection of Vitamin D Serum Level in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis from

Al Hilla City, Iraq

Mustafa Jawad Abed Al Imari1,*, Haider Abdulameer2, Wathiq Essam Hameed1, Fuad Ghazi Hassan1

1Pathological Analysis Technique department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq.

2Community medicine MOH.


Abstract

Background: Recent studies proofed vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency had been implicated in the emerging of

many autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis. The study aim was to detect vitamin D serum level in RA

Iraqi patients and relationship between vitamin D and progressive of this disease.

Objectives & Methodology: A total of 39 serum samples of Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) cases admitted to biological

injection centre in Marjan medical city/Hillah/Babylon were compared with 39 serum sample of apparently

healthy control. The serum level of vitamin D was detected for all study samples by VIDAS® system from

biomerieux.

Results: A total of 39 include 12 male and 27 female divided to three groups of deficiency sufficiency and

insufficiency. The mean ±SD age of RA cases was 41.6±12.5. The mean ± SD concentration of vitamin D for RA

patients and control was 23.05ng/ml ±23.05, 47.11ng/ml±18.13 respectively. The serum level of vitamin D was

significantly decreased in RA patients compared to control.

Conclusions: The study concluded that vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency consider one of predisposing factors

related to increase RA incidence especially in female.

Key words

Vitamin D, Autoimmune disease, Rheumatoid arthritis.



28-30 June 2020

120


Study of Some Biochemical Parameters in Chronic Renal Failure Pre and Post

Dialysis

Wafaa H. Ajam

Department of Medical Laboratory techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq.


Abstract

Background: Chronic renal failure is the progressive loss of function of kidney and patient requires a long

treatment in the form of renal replacement therapy. Haemodialysis is one of the renal replacement therapy,

during which body’s waste products, including creatinine, urea and excess water, are removed. Hyperkalaemia is a

commonly encountered problem in dialysis patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

Objectives & Methodology: This study was carried out on 25 patients (16males,9 females) with chronic renal

failure aged (15-75)year are admitted to al-dialysis unit in Merjan teaching hospital which compared with 25

healthy subjects as control group. The aim of this study is to investigate some biochemical parameters included

urea, creatinine, sodium, chloride and potassium in the serum of patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) before

and after haemodialysis.

Results: In comparative study between pre and post haemodialysis cases, the serum urea, creatinine showed

significant decrease (P<0.0001) in post-dialysis compared to pre-dialysis. There was a significant effect of

Haemodialysis on serum electrolytes particularly serum potassium levels. The pre-Haemodialysis K+ was 4.48±

0.83 mmol/L and post-haemodialysis K+ was 3.69±0.65 mmol/L (P<0.001). The pre-haemodialysis Na+

was136.5±4.14 and post - haemodialysis Na+ was138.6 ±4.41 (P = 0. 03). The pre- haemodialysis Cl- was 106.12 ±

4.02 and post-haemodialysis Cl- was 107.12 ± 4.11 (P= 0.06 NS).

Conclusions: We conclude the decrease in the level of urea, creatinine in post dialysis patients compared with pre

dialysis patients with CRF is due to that haemodialysis which removes toxins from the blood by a closed –loop

process where the blood of the patient and is continuously being withdrawn, dialyzed, and returned to the

patient. Serum potassium was significantly decreased in post-haemodialysis states compared with pre-

haemodialysis levels. Although serum sodium, serum chloride levels not significantly affected after

haemodialysis. Post-haemodialysis serum potassium decrement (<3.5mmol/L) may have an arrhythmogenic

potential and Haemodialysis is a prefer technique to correct biochemical abnormalities in ESRD patients.

Key words

Chronic renal failure, Haemodialysis, Hyperkalaemia.

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· 1st International Conference on Medical Sciences “Our Health Our Future” Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla Hilla, Iraq 08-10 March 2020 Committee Members for