REL 100/RELZ 100

Pyramid pro tecti o fl tenninals

The Pyramid concept for total protection andcontroI is based upon state-of-the-art technol-ogy. This technology includes the use of micro-processors and fibre optic interfaces; thusproviding:

~ Improved functiionality~ 'ComprehensivE~ self-supervision~ Communication of load and fault data~ User-friendly workstations

The' Series 100 modular concept

Dedicated hardware/software modules, designedand tested for each main function~ char cterize theSeries 100 modular concept. The multi rocessortechnique makes it possible to optimiz eachfunction separately. The basic structure of a termi-nal comprises the following parts: an 1/ modulewith a built in test switch and progr ableoutput relays; a measuring module for ach mainprotection and measuring function; a re ordingmodule for1ocal storage of data and ev nts and aMMI module for local display of event , load andfallIt data as weIl as for parameter setti gs.

ABB offers protection terminals for all applica-tions. These terminals are divided into four seri~s:Series 100 modular terminals, Series 200 multi--terminals, Series 300 compact terminals andSeries 400 terminal systems.

Series 100 modular terminalsSeries 100 includes the following high perfonn-ance modular tenninals for HV and EHV applica-tions:

A REG 100 Series for generatorsA RET 100 Series for transformersA REL l 00 Series for transmission linesA REB 100 Series for bus and breakers

These tenninals can be equipped with an interfaceto ABB Relays' Sub station Controi Systems andSub station Monitoring System. The RES 100monitoring and recording system and the REY 100tes ting and simulation system provide efficientfault analysis and preventive maintenance.

The intelligent protection terminalThe main objective for power system p otection isto ensure dependable tripping for all in mal fallItsand to secure against unwanted trippin for otherconditions.

The Series 100 combines advanced n eric alalgorithms for all complex measureme ts and weIlproven, ultra high speed analogue fallIt detectionto fulfil these objectives for single or d plicatedprotection schemes.

Workstations with software tools for e operator,the relay engineer and the service engi eer offermany new possibilities to obtain reliabl powersystem protection, improved operation ndmonitoring as weIl as simplified install tion andmaintenance.

REL 100/RELZ 100

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Performance for (Jpplication on any voltage levelas stand alone unit or as part of the PYRAMIDI

conceptConsistent short operating time provides improved

selectivityMaintained high [:>erformance with CVTComplete full schleme with continuous evaluationof all fault loops ir. all zones gives short operartiontime, covers evotving faults and faults betwelenlines in double-circuit line applicationsNo restriction betlNeen the reach in different ;zonesenables optimized setting in short-long linecombinations

REL 100 includes the following protecti nfunctions:

-numerical full scheme distance p otection-directional or nondirectional e -fallit

protection-stub and overload protection

REL 100 includes logic functions, such :-phase selection-power swing blocking-communication logic-inse failure supervision

REL 100 includes complementary functi ns suchas:

The REL 100 Series of transmission line protec- .

tian terminals for HV and EHV applications arebased on the RELZ 100 numerical distanceprotection. RELZ 100 is a full scheme multi-processor distance protection, providing shortconsistent operating times for all types of faults.

RELZ 100 is designed for lise in HV and EHVapplications and includes a numerical CVT filterwhichensures no overreach and negligible delayin operating times when CVTs are used.

RELZ 100 has individual measuring elements forall fault types and all zones. The relaycontinuously evaluates all phase-phase loops, allphase-earth loops as weIl as the direction in allloops, both forward and revers e, simultaneously.

RELZ 100 has a quadrilateral measuring charac-teristic with cofnpletely independent settings forreactive and resistive Teach for all zones as weIl asdifferent resistive Teach setting for phase-phaseand phase-earth measuremerit.

-fallIt location-fallIt recording-display of service values-disturbance recording

-autoreclosing-synchro-check

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REL 100/RELZ 100

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Multi-processor design and extensive self-supervision gives high security and dependabilityfor improved power system operation

A Multi-processor technique enables fast prO!gramexecution without interrupt routines, providilngshort operating jtime and high security

A. Standardized dE~sign with individual measulringprocessors for separate functions ensurescompletely tested, user selected configuration

A. Several measuring processor options are Q1iailablefor RELZ 100 or a:s complementary units in theREL 100 terminals, making the protectionsurtablefor any application without externallogic olrcustomer specific programming

Any erfor detected in Olle of the OPtion~proces-sors will only block the faulty processo while the?asic distance protection will still remai in serv-Ice.

If an internal fallit is detected the relay blocksitself and gives an alaml which means that falsetrips may be avoided and that a faulty relay can berepaired beföre the defect is recognized by the lackof a trip.

RELZ 100 uses a multi-processor design withthree signal processors for the basic distanceprotection function and up to three additionaisignal processors performing the optionalfunctions. Only fallits in the vital measurementparts of the protection causes block of the relay.-

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A RELZ 100 with all options (a total of six signalprocessors) provides about 52 MIPS (M gaInstructions Per Second).

The basic distance protection is not infl enced bythe DumheT of optional functions activat d as thesefunctions are performed in separate me uringprocessors in paralIeI with the distancemeasurement.

RELZ 100 has great flexibility regardin settingranges, selection of optional functions e c.Configuration of the required functions or theactual application is done by the setting f relayparameters.

Self-

supervision~

IlP4Option 1

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I1PDisturbance

recorder

Memory

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RELZ 100 design.

""RELZ

1 00 full scheme distance measurem~nt

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REL 100/RELZ 100

Numerical filtering technique for measuremE~ntil

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A Uniimited directional discrimination for all ty~)esof faults includin~J evolving faults

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35 ms maximum operating time for 3-phasefaults at SIR<lO al1d 80% of set reach'"5% maximum dy'namical overreach even w'ithCVT and 00 fault inception angle

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L\ Accurate fault lo:ator built-in as option

The impedance measurement is done in fault loopequations, using complex values of voltage,current and change in current.

Fault locator calculation.

The numerical filtering techniquein RE Z 100makes the relay insensitive to CVT trans ents andthe fallIt inception angle, providing high er-formance for all fallIt conditions

By using the weIl proven RANZA algori ,converted into Olle signal processor, RE Z 100 isequipped with a very accurate fallIt locat r. Thecalculation algorithm takes into consider tion theinfluence of load currents and double-en infeedon the apparent fallit resistance. The faul locatoroption also provides display of service v ues andfallit recording showing pre-fallit and fa lt quanti-ties for the last three events.

In order to maintain definite directional mea-surement for faults close to the relaying point, theloop voltage signal is used in conjunction with aphase locked positive sequence memory systemwhich lasts for about 100 ms. When the memorytimeexpires, the directional information which hasbeen determined is sealed in until the fault currentstops flowing. The circuit is then reset whennormal voltage is restored. The relay thus ensurescorrect back-up operation of time-delayed zones.

The numerical measuring technique in RELZ 100ensures correct performance during CT saturationwith defined operating times having minimaldependence on fault type and SIR.-~~-._~

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RELZ 100 operating time.

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REL 100/RELZ 100

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Quadrilateral (~t\aracteristic for maximum faultdetection capability and load discriminaticln

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Logic for six different communication schernes isbuilt in, includin~J unblocking, weak infeed landcurrent reversallogic

A '1'rue reverse zone ensures fast, secure and reliablecurrent reversal detection on double-circuij~ lines

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il Current reversal and weak infeed logic isavailable for the! directional earth-fault proh~ctionas weil

The directional earth-fallIt protection ha aseparate input and output for carrier sign s in cageRELZ 100 is used in an application whe zerosequence and positive sequence currents can havedifferent directions for the same fallIt or nappIications working with echo function at weak-end infeed. For other appIications the c .er inputand output signals from the directional e fallItprotection can be connected to the same hanneI asused by the distance protection. The dire tionaIearth fallit protection is coordinated with thedistance measurement so that singIe-pha e trippingis achieved when the fallIt is detected by hedistance protection.

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RELZ 100 has three forward zones and Ollereverse zone, with quadri1ateralcharacteristics.lndividual setting of reactive and resistive Teachfor all forward measuring zones enables optimizedapplication for all line lengths as weIl as for singleand double-circuit lines.

Load compensation and individual characteristicsfor phase-phase faults and phase-earth faultsextends the capability tö detect high resistive earthfaults. The full scheme characteristic, without zerosequence compensation of the resistive blinderenables detection of high resistive earth faults upto 80% of minimum load impedance. The built-indirectional or nondirectional earth fault protectionis used for detection of very high resistive faultsthat cannot be detected by distance measurement.

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The six communication schemes include permis-sive underreaching, permissive overreaching andblocking schemes. The full scheme characteristicwith non-switched zones makes it possible to usezone 1 as an underreaching channel independentzone at the same time as an overreaching schemeis used. RELZ 100 can of course also be usedwith out communication in a normal, steppeddistance scheme. The required scheme is selectedas asetting parameter.

RELZ 100 includes a very reliable logic whichefficiently eliminates the problem of currentreversals by using a true reverse zone. Currentreversal occurs at sequential tripping of aparalIeIline. This may cause difficulties for anoverreaching schemes.

~Separate setting for ph-ph measuring and p -earthmeasuring. Separate setting of zero sequen ecompensation factor per zone. Load compe sated.

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REL 100/RELZ 100

Man -machine- interfac

A. Alarm and trip art~ indicated by LEDs on the front

11 Back -lit display for clear legibility

d Built-in, self-explanitory Man-Machine-lnterfcJceenables fast settirlg and makes the comprehlen-sive stored information easily available"

L\ Extensive fault rec:ording is available

Ll Serial communic(]tion to SCS and/or SMS

Mr.JI1 unit, RTIA.

During normal service, actualIoad values such ascurrent, voltage, active and reactive powe andfrequency, can be displayed.

RELZ 100 has two optical communicatio portsfor the transfer of setting parameters, serv cevalues, fallit records, indications, etc. Olle isintended for SCS (Substation Controi Sys em) andOlle for SMS (Substation Monitoring Syst m).lndications and fallit records for the I~st eeevents are avaiIabIe.

The basic information that the felar has operatedis shown on LED' s. More comprehensive in-formation is then automatically displayed on theMMI-unit, RTIA, in two rows, with space forsixteen characters each.

The handling of the buiIt-in MMI-unit, RTIA, isextremely simple. The user can, without specialknowledge, use the pushbuttons on the front tomove through the menu tree. All setting andconfiguration can be done from the front via theMMlunit. Setting parameters are entered directlyin secondary values giving long term stability andenabling easy verification during testing.

The last three events are stored and indications areautomatically displayed. The fallIt locator optionalso provides fallIt recording data, prefauItvoItages and currents as well as fallIt voItages andcurrents for po&t-fauIt analysis.

Substation monitoring system -RDIAL1.

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Line protectionRt~=~ functionJ

The basic RELZ 100 line protection providesthe following functions:

~ full scheme numerical distance measurement~ three phase tripping~ three forward and Olle reverse zone~ contact operated switch onto fallIt protectionå- 6 communication schemes~ current reversallogic~ man-machine-interface RnA~ built-in self-supervision

The following versions of RELZ 100 re avail-able:Version A RELZ 100 Basic

Version B RELZ 100 Basic + Option 1

Version C RELZ 100 Basic + Option

Version D RELZ 100 Basic + Option 1 +Option 2

Version E RELZ 100 Basic + Option 1 +Option 3

Version F RELZ 100 Basic + Option ~+Option 2 + Option 3

All versions can be supplied with RLK 100 andRTDC 100.

The following options are available forRELZ 100:

A RLKG100 output unit with 16 additionalselectable signalling contacts

A RTDC100 communication module forSCS/SMS senal communication

Option 1A phase selectionA weak infeed logicA power swing blockingA stub protectionA automatic initiation of switch-onto

fallit protectionA system supervision for detection of

overioad, broken conductors and lossof voltage

A fuse failure supervisionA synchrQ-check and voltage check

Option 2A directional or non-directional earth-:fault

protectionA current. reversallogicA weak infeed logic

Option 3A distance to fallit locatorA display of load values, U, I, P, Q, fA fallit recording, prefault and fault

currents and voltages

1MDS06004-EN

ABB Network Partner LtdHaselstrasse 16/122CH-5401 BadenSwitzerlandTel +41 562057744Fax +41 56205 55 77

ABB Transmit OyRelays and Network ControiP.O. Box 699FIN-651 01 VaasaTel +35861 3160Fax +358613161599

ABB Power T& Co.

RelaysGoral Springs, F 33065USATel + 1 305 6700Fax +1 305 6700

2283

ABB Network Partner AB8-72171 Västerås8wedenTel +4621 321300Fax +4621 14 69 18