1a-Gioi Thieu

8/6/2019 1a-Gioi Thieu

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PHN TCH THIPHN TCH THIT KT K HHTHTHNG THNG TINNG THNG TIN

Chng 1:

TNG QUAN V H THNG THNG TINV TIN TRNH PHT TRIN H THNG


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TTNG QUAN VNG QUAN V HH THTHNGNGTHNG TINTHNG TIN


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Khi nim c bn v h thng (System)Khi nim v t chc (Organization)

T chc v mi trng hot ng ca t chc.

D liu (Data) v thng tin (information)

Thng tin qun l (Management information)

Ra quyt nh qun l (Management decision making)

nh ngha h thng thng tin (Information Systems)

Phn loI ISCc IS phn loi theo chc nng c bit.

Cc IS phn loi theo mc t chc.

Organisation specific IS

TTNG QUAN VNG QUAN V HH THTHNG THNG TINNG THNG TIN


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System A

SubsystemB

SubsystemC

SubsystemE

SubsystemD

BoundaryInterfaceEnvironmentof System A

KhiniKhinimcmc bbnvnv hh ththngng

Mt h thng l mt tp hp cc thnh phn linquan vi nhau v phi hp hot ng cng vi nhaunhm t c mt mc tiu c th (Lee)


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System Boundary Phm vi h thngBao gm cc thnh phn chu nh hng mnh m bi hthng s hu chng.

System Environment Mi trng h thngCc thnh phn bn ngoi m s thay i hnh vi, ng x hay

thuc tnh ca chng nh hung ti trng thi ca h thng vcc thnh phn ny cng b nh hng bi ng x ca hthng. (Lucey)

Subsystem - H thng con

L mt h thng bn trong h thng khc.

Interface Giao dinNi m s tng tc xy ra gia 2 h thng/ h thng con.

KhiniKhinimcmc bbnvnv hh ththngng


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TT chchc (Organization)c (Organization)

T chc l mt h thng m bao gm cc ti nguynphi hp hot ng vi nhau nhm t n mtmc ch nht nh.

T chc kinh t: x nghip, cng ty,

T chc x hi: bnh vin, cu lc b,

Sales

IT

HRIPurchasing

Training

Mi trng

hot ngca t chc


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Mi trng t chc: Mi trng bn ngoi cha cct chc khc lin quan n hot ng ca t chc.

Mi trng kinh t: khch hng, nh cung cp, ngn hng,

Mi trng x hi: nh nc, cng on,

Hot ng t chc:

T chcHng haThng tin Thng tin

Hng ha

MitrMitrngv hongv hot t ngcngcatat chchcc


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D liu (data):L cc s kin th, ri rc

"Data is the raw input from which information is providedLucey

Thng tin (information):

Information is data that have been processed in such a way as tobe useful to the recipient.Lucey

Thng tin l ti nguyn ca t chc, v c vai tr

quan trng quyt nh s thnh cng ca t chc.Thng tin c to ra v truy xut ngy cng tng

Yu cu qun l thng tin hiu qu.X l to ra cc thng tin mi c gi tr hn

DD liliuvthngtinuvthngtin


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Cc Cc c ic imcmcathngtinathngtin

Cc c im ca thng tin tt

relevance: thch hp

accuracy: chnh xc

completeness: y

confidence in the source: ngun thng tin tin cycommunication to the right person: truyn t ting ngi

timing: cp nht

detail: chi titchannels of communication: l knh truyn thng

understandability: d hiu


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Thngtin quThngtin qunlnlManagementinformationManagementinformation

Thng tin n thit ho doanhnghip v gip ra quytnh nhiu m qu n l khcnhau trong t chc

Anthonys Pyramid: c trc q n l ca t chc

Oper tio l

T ctic l

Str tegic

L rge timehorizo

Sm lltimehorizo

Summ rydata

Detaildata

Unstructuredproblems

Structuredproblems


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Str tegic lanning

ManagementC ntrol

OperationalControl

5 years +

1 - 5 years

now

12 months

CcmCcmcra quycra quyt t nhnh

Operati nal

Tactical

Strategic

Operati nalActivity

EIS DSS

EIS

Raw Data

TPS RTS


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CcmCcmcra quycra quyt t nhnh

1. Mc chin lc (Strategic level): Strategic PlanningDi hn, lin quan n cc vn phc tp, tnh khng chcchn v ri ro cao.

V d: Xc nh cc mc tiu cho cng ty, lp k hoch tc cc mc tiu, chn dng sn phm mi, lnh vc kinhdoanh mi,

2. Mc chin thut (Tacticallevel): gim st t chc mt thi im no

m bo t c v s dng hiu qu cc ti nguynV d: Quyt nh ngn qu b phn, quy hoch cc v tr nhnvin, chn sn phm ci tin, lp k hoch cng vic trung

hn, nh gi sn phm mi, 3. Mc thc hin (Operationallevel)

m bo cc nhim v c th c thc hin hiu quV d: Tuyn nhn vin, lp lch sn xut, qun l tn kho,


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Information Systems (IS)Information Systems (IS)

nh ngha rng:

Mt h thng thng tin:L mt phng tin c th nhn d liu (input), lu tr v xl d liu, to ra thng tn (output) cho mc ch h tr raquyt nh.C th thc hin bng tay hoc my tnh.

H thng thng tin ca t chc cha:mt c s thng tin (information base) m bao gm mt haynhiu ngun thng tin khc;

mt tp cc x l m c thc hin bi ngi hay my truy xut, cp nhp v x l thng tin.V d

mt t chc nh th vin c c s thng tin l sch, loi sch,; cc x l l tm, mn, tr sch,


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HH ththngthngtintngthngtint ng hang haComputerized Information SystemsComputerized Information Systems

H thng thng tin t ng ha bao gm:Mt hay nhiu c s d liu (databases) hay tp tin (files) lutr c s thng tin.

Mt hay nhiu chng trnh ng dng (Application programs)

truy xut v cp nht c s thng tin bng my.Mt hay nhiu giao din ngi dng (user interface) cho ccnhm ngi dng khc nhau.

Computer-Based Information System = Databases +Applications + Interface


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Purchasing Systems: H thng mua hng

Production Systems: H thng qun l sn xut

Human Resource Systems: H thng qun l nhn s

Finance Systems: H thng qun l ti chnh

Sales Systems: H thng bn hng

Marketing Systems: H thng qun l tip th

PhnloPhnloi hi h ththngthngtinngthngtintheochtheochcnngcnng


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Management Information System

StockFinanceCustomersEmployees

Transaction Processing Systems

Executive Information System

lanning

PhnloPhnloi hi h ththngthngtinngthngtintheomtheomctct chchcc


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HH ththngthngtinphnlongthngtinphnloiitheomtheomctct chchcc

Operational Level: bao gm cc h thng x l giaodch (TPS - Transaction Processing System)

Data Processing Systems: H thng x l d liuProcess Control Systems: H thng iu khin tin trnhOffice Automation Systems: H thng t ng nghip v vn

phng

Tactical LevelMIS - Management Information Systems: H thng thng tinqun l.DSS - Decision Support Systems: H thng h tr ra quyt

nh.Strategic Level

EIS - Executive Information Systems: H thng thng tin iuhnh


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Transaction Processing SystemsTransaction Processing Systems

Banking

Systems EPOS Systems

Healthcare Systems

Insurance SystemsLeisure Industry


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Management Information SystemsManagement Information Systems

0

20

40

60

80

100

1st

Qtr

2nd

Qtr

3rd

Qtr

4th

Qtr

East

West

North

Decision SupportSystems

OfficeAutomationSystems

Knowledge Based Systems

Executive InformationSystems

Documents

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