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8/18/2019 19. Prioritization of Health Problem and MHP
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Prioritization of health
problem
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How do we prioritize?
• First, your health post team shouldprioritize the disease burden
• Decide which disease are mostcommon and serious
• Decide which disease are most easilypreventable and easily treatable
• Assess your resources for preventing ortreating the most common and seriousillness
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• 2nd, after HP team has analyzed and
understood the community diagnosis,discuss the results with the health posthealth committee and chairman fromeach ward and other leader
• Third, disseminate the informationthrough HP committee members and
chairman of the wards to smaller groupsat ward level where it can be discussesand understood and acted upon
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• Fourth, after the results have beendisseminated and discussed throughoutD!, plan a large community meeting andarrange for each ward to participate insome aspect of presentation of communitydiagnosis
• Finally, after you have discussed the"nding with the community, ran# thecommunity priorities with respect to thevarious diseases$
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r or t zat on o t eproblems in the
community• A systematic method of assigning greater orlesser importance to various diseases,problems, interventions etc
• Allows to direct resources, time and energyto those issues that are deemed mostcritical and practical to address
• A process whereby an individual or group
places a number of items in ran# orderbased on their perceived or measured
importance or signi"cance$
%
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Criteria for prioritization
• &idespread problem and severity in terms ofmorbidity and mortality
• Felt need's of the people concerned with
signi"cance to them• Feasible to meet the need's in terms of
available resources (man, money, material)
• Ta#es only few months not years to solve the
problem
• Problems not being addressed by otheragency in the community
*
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Prioritization schemeProblem Importance Community
concernSeriousness
Prevalence Manageability Total
Large family, notenough food
++ + ++ +++ ++ !
Malnutrition +++ +++ ++++ ++ ++ "
Too little rain, no #ater ++ ++++ + ++ + !
$iarrhoea +++ ++ ++ ++++ ++++ %!
Pneumonia +++ ++++ +++ ++++ +++ 36
Lac& of &no#ledgeabout food value
+ +++ + + ++ '(
Illiteracy ++ + ++ +++ + '"
+
Manageability) Acceptability of action, People, Money, equipment, Feasibility
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Micro Health Project
• icro Health Pro-ect is a miniature pro-ect ofsmall scale pro-ect that is designed for shortperiod of time to demonstrate the ways of
solving community health problems• HP is a miniature form of short term
health pro-ect that is planned, implementedand evaluated in the community setting by
e.ective utilization of local resourcesthrough active participation of communitypeople
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Micro Health Project
• icro Health Pro-ect is a form of short term pro-ectdesigned to develop health related s#ills and selfreliance on the priority basis (real needs) amongthe common people through ma/imum utilization
of local resources and techni0ue
• 1t is to demonstrate the method of solvingcommunity health problems and should always besimple, action oriented, e.ective and sustainable
• HP is designed to develop helpful s#ills andhealth practices by raising self reliance amongpeople in the community
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Micro health Project
(MHP)• icro health pro-ect is a small scale pro-ectin which people organized to identifytheir real need and solve them by ta#ing
short duration of time, not depending andwaiting for government program$
• &e can use local resource, manpower,material, money for running HP
• 1n epal many HP are running eg$other3s group, A41 control programme etc$
56
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Importance of MHP
5$ 7asy to control disease with the help of HP$
2$ 1t helps to solve the problem early whendetected$
8$ 1t increases the interest about health and
disease for community member$
9$ 1t helps to mobilize the local resource for theirown village$
%$ 1t helps to increase participation of local people
to solve health problems$
*$ 1t economies the means and sources$
+$ People are involved in creative innovations$
:$ 1t reduce the dependency to outsiders for
development of their own village$ 55
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Micro Health Project5$ ;mall scale or short
2$ 7asy to do
8$ !an be done 0uic#ly
9$ Does not re0uire much outside help
%$ ;hould be based on community setting
*$ 1nvolves many people participation' Focus activecommunity participation
+$ &ill help many people in the community' build oncommunity participation
:$ Focus of e.ective utilization of local resources andlocal technology
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How to decide on MHP
• Find out the real need
• Assess and identify resources(internal and e/ternal)
• =btain commitment and developpartnership
• Time line and feasibility
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Criteria for prioritizinMHP
5$ agnitude of the e/isting health needs in thecommunity
2$ 7/tent of harming in the community
8$ 1mportance of health needs by community
9$ Available resources for solving health need of thecommunity
%$ The degree of awareness or consciousness to theful"llment of health need by the community
*$ Policy and strategy of governmental and localresources
+$ Feasible ( time, environment and security)
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!utline of Micro HealthProject
• 1ntroduction
• 4ational
• =b-ective• Process
* Planning (wor# plan)
* 1mplementation * 7valuation
• ;uggestion
"t f Mi H lth
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"teps of Micro#HealthProject
5*
ssessment, nalysisand $iagnosis of the
Community
Planning of ealth
ction
-rgani.ing and
Implementing a
Pro/ect
0valuation of the
Conducted Pro/ect
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"teps of MHP$% Plannin of MHP
> Planning is "rst and important stepsand without it, we can3t do anything$
> eed identi"cation
> ;cienti"cally, "nd the real need withthe community$> Prioritize the health problem$> ;earch for available resources
(internal and e/ternal)$> Prepare the plan of action (P=A) with
the community$
5+
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"teps of MHP
• Plannin of MHP
* need identi"cation (scienti"cally, "nd thereal need of the community)
* Prioritize the health problem
* ;etting of goal or ob-ective of community
* !hoosing the appropriate target
population * Finalize the contents to be taught
* Finalization of the methods and media
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"teps of MHP
• Plannin of MHP contd&
* ;earch for available resources (internal ande/ternal)
* Tentative time and venue should be "nalizedbefore hand
* Prepare the plan of action with thecommunity
* Planning of time schedule
* Planning of implementation
* Planning of evaluation
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"teps of MHP
• Plan of action of MHP includes
;$
o
Date Program
'Activities
Target
group
enue ethod
andmedia
4esponsi
bleperson
5$
2$
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"teps of MHP'% Implementation of MHP
> Form the HP implementation committee> ?ive responsibility for the committee
members> 1nform people about the program aim,
ob-ectives, status and progress$> HP may focus on@ 7nvironmental
sanitation, !H'FP, utrition,!ommunicable disease, ;chool health etc$
> 4egular monitoring and directing theprogram activities
> Disseminate the progress of program inmedia$
> 7ncourage other villages to learn lesson 25
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"ome of the eamples ofhealth action
• Health education programmes usingdrama, dance, festivals, art and songprogram, demonstration
• Health campaigns such asimmunization camps
• Adult literacy class
• obile FP'!H clinic
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"teps of MHP% *valuation of MHP
> 7valuation is e/amining an activity, pro-ect orprogram to see whether it has accomplished itsgoals and ob-ectives or not$
> 7valuation is comparing what has been achievedwith what was planned to be done$
> 1f program ob-ectives are speci"c and measurable,the tas# of evaluation is simple$
> 1n !HD, students are e/pected to get somefeedbac# from community regarding
understanding of the health education tas#,correctly ma#ing =4;, ;uperBour, Cse of latrineconstructed etc$
> ;tudents also evaluate themselves on the basis oftheir own ob-ectives and target$
28
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"ustainability of MHP
• !ommittee formation
• !ommitment ta#en
• 1nduction during HP• Follow up