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1202 CDMA RF Optimization

The copyright of this document is the property of Nortel Networks. Without

the written consent of Nortel Networks, given by contract or otherwise, this

document must not be copied, reprinted or reproduced in any material form,

either wholly or in part, and the contents of this document, or any methods or

techniques available therefrom, must not be disclosed to any other person

whatsoever.

Initial RF SystemInitial RF SystemParametersParameters

Lesson #2Lesson #2

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1202 CDMA RF Optimization - 2

Lesson Objectives

Upon completion of this lesson, the stuent !ill be able to"

• iscuss the ifferent types of RF optimi$ation

parameters%

• &'plain attributes associate !ith (S) static atafill%

• &'plain attributes associate !ith (*S static atafill%

• &'plain the concepts of P+ plannin concernin the

reuction of co-channel an ajacent channel P+

interference%

• &'plain the process of initial neihbor list eneration%

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*ypes of RF Optimi$ation Parameters

• IS-./01S*-3 Parameters

— Defined in the CDMA standards documents. – Designated by 4LL5UPP&R5)4S& with

underscores. For example !"ADD

– #sually sent to the mobile to control the

mobile$s actions

• +ortel +et!or6s Specific Parameters

— %utlined in the &etwor' Management (nterface

)ystem *&M()+ documents.

– Designated by Upper)aseOf&ach7or with

no underscores. For example ,uic'-epeat – Always used directly by &ortel &etwor's

infrastructure.

Parameters can

be classified bythe source of

reference from

which they are

found.

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• 8lobal Parameters

— !hese parameters apply to an entire networ'. – Any changes made at the )C or M!/ will

affect the operation associated with that )C

or M!/.

• Sector Specific Parameters— !hese parameters apply only to a specific

sector*s+ within a networ'.

– 0hen a mobile is in soft handoff with more

than one sector1 the 2safer3 4alue is sent from

the )) to the mobile.

Parameters can

be classified by

what effect they

have on the

system.

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• (*S atafille Parameters

— 5alues are communicated to the mobile on thesync and paging channels during idle state.

— (f a call is started1 the mobile uses the parameter

settings it recei4ed from the last sector where it

was idle until they are o4erwritten.

• (S) atafille Parameters

— 5alues are communicated to the mobile on the

forward traffic channel.

— !he )) constantly updates the mobile with new

parameter 4alues as the mobile ac6uires newsectors.

+ote" 9any parameters are atafille at both the (S) an (*S%

Parameters can

also beclassified by

where in the

system they are

datafilled.

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(S) Static atafill - SelectorSubSystem 9O- )an be one per sbs shelf

Parameter +ame Rane Recommene

:alue

Remar6s

RateSet;ata

PrR<error =F&R >?

RR<increase

Full ;0;@ - 2/@0;@( %/>3

Aalf ;0;@ - 2/@0;@( ;%/>2B

Cuarter ;0;@ - 2/@0;@( 2%/>B

&ihth ;0;@ - 2/@0;@( 2%/>B

Un6no!n ;0;@ - 2/@0;@( %/>3

Full ;02/@ - B./02/@( B2

Aalf ;02/@ - B./02/@( ;B

Cuarter ;02/@ - B./02/@( D

&ihth ;02/@ - B./02/@( D

Un6no!n ;02/@ - B./02/@( ;B

Po!er)ontrol

PR<lo!er =&!0+t? ;02/@ - B./02/@( E%; ( &b0+t;/@2

PR<upper =&!0+t? ;02/@ - B./02/@( .%2 ( &b0+tE;2E

PR<start =&!0+t? ;02/@ - B./02/@( D%2 ( &b0+t2@;;

Pr*<error ;0;@ - 2/@0;@( ;%/>2B

R*<increase ;02/@ - B./02/@( 2B

P*<lo!er -B./02/@ - 02/@( -;@ (-B./

P*<upper -B./02/@ - 02/@( -2 (-/;2

P*<start

*'Frame&rr)nt

-B./02/@ - 02/@(

;-E; frames

-B (-;2B

2

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(S) Static atafill - SelectorSubSystem 9O

Parameter +ame RaneRecommene

:alueRemar6s

RateSet2ata

PrR<error =F&R >?

RR<increase

Full ;0;@ - 2/@0;@( %/>3

Aalf ;0;@ - 2/@0;@( ;%/>2B

Cuarter ;0;@ - 2/@0;@( 2%/>B

&ihth ;0;@ - 2/@0;@( 2%/>B

Un6no!n ;0;@ - 2/@0;@( %/>3

Full ;02/@ - B./02/@( B2

Aalf ;02/@ - B./02/@( ;B

Cuarter ;02/@ - B./02/@( D

&ihth ;02/@ - B./02/@( D

Un6no!n ;02/@ - B./02/@( ;B

Po!er)ontrol =cont%?

PR<lo!er =&!0+t? ;02/@ - B./02/@( E%; ( &b0+t22E

PR<upper =&!0+t? ;02/@ - B./02/@( .%2 ( &b0+tE/3B

PR<start =&!0+t? ;02/@ - B./02/@( D%2 ( &b0+tED2

Pr*<error ;0;@ - 2/@0;@( ;%/>2B

R*<increase ;02/@ - B./02/@( 2B

P*<lo!er -B./02/@ - 02/@( -;B (-B./

P*<upper -B./02/@ - 02/@( (-/;2

P*<start

*'Pilot8ain

-B./02/@ - 02/@(

- 2//u

-2 (-;2B

;@B

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(S) Static atafill - Pilot atabase 9O


:alue Remar6s

Pilot)hannel

&'tene(aseI !orE2 (an)lass, )94Fre,(4S&5I,Sector erive by the system

For!ar8ain - 2//

)ell*ype See Remar6s )&LL5(OR&R, )&LL5PILO*5(&4)O+,

)&LL5S*4+4R, )&LL5&AAO,

or )&LL5&AAO5(OR&R

See Remar6s

Cuic6Repeat F4LS& or ; *RU& ; &nables uic6 repeat of &A9%

- /;; See Remar6s 4s etermine by the local 9*4Pilot5P+5Offset =PILO*5P+?

9ultiPilotAAO&nable -; ; &nables or isables &AAO

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Parameter

+ame

RaneRecommene

:alue

Remar6s

Pilot Search Parameters

Pilot Strength Parameters

S&4R)A57I+54 - ;/ =B - B/2 P+ )hps? @ 23 P+ chips =shoul be optimi$e once the system is

in service?

S&4R)A57I+5+ - ;/ =B - B/2 P+ )hps? ; ; P+ chips =shoul be optimi$e once the system is

in service?

S&4R)A57I+5R - ;/ =B - B/2 P+ )hps? ;; ;E P+ chips =shoul be optimi$e once the system is

in service?

*54 - @E=-%/' (? 2@ -;E ( =)hane to accommoate the SAO Reuction

4lorithm?

*5ROP - @E=-%/' (? E -;/ ( =)hane to accommoate the SAO Reuction

4lorithm?

*5*ROP - ;/ =GH %; - E;. sec? E B sec

*5)O9P - ;/ ='%/ (? 2 ;% ( =)hane to accommoate the SAO Reuction

4lorithm?

Aanoff Parameters

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Pilot Sets

• 8ilot sets"

— Active Set 9 8ilots associated with the forward traffic channelsassigned to the mobile station *max : pilots+

—Candidate Set 9 8ilots not currently in the Acti4e )et1 but recei4ed by

the mobile station with sufficient strength to indicate that the

corresponding !raffic Channels can be successfully demodulated

*max ; pilots+—Neighbor Set 9 8ilots not currently on the Acti4e or Candidate )ets1

that are li'ely handoff candidates *at least <= pilots+

—Remaining Set 9 All other possible pilots in the current system1 on the

current CDMA fre6uency assignment

Pilot Sets

;% 4ctive2% )aniate

E% +eihbor

B% Remainin

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Pilot Set 9aintenance=7hile in the *raffic )hannel State?

)aniate

Remainin

4ctive

+eihbor

8ilots listed the most

recently recei4ed &'teneAanoff irection 9s

8ilots specified in the most

recently recei4ed +eihbor

List Upate 9essae

*or whose A>7 is still less

than &>?-"MA/"A>7+

8ilots whose strength

exceeds *54

Any other possible pilot

in the system

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Pilot Search 7ino!s

• 4 search !ino! is a rane of P+ offsets =in chips? in !hich

the mobile station is to search for usable multipath

components of the pilots in a set

Search 7ino! for pilots in the 4ctive an )aniate Set"

Search 7ino! for pilots in the +eihbor Set"

Search 7ino! for pilots in the Remainin Set"

7arliest arri4ing usable multipath component of the pilot

pilot 8& offset

pilot 8& offset

SR)A57I+5+

SR)A57I+54

SR)A57I+5R

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4ctive versus )aniate Set)omparison *hreshol

Candidate )et9 8= – Acti4e )et9 8@ and 8<

t= – 8ilot )trength Measurement Message sent1 8= !"ADD

t@ – 8ilot )trength Measurement Message sent1 8= 8@ E !"C%M8 x =.; d

t< – 8ilot )trength Measurement Message sent1 8= 8< E !"C%M8 x =.; d

(Typically 5 = 2.5 dB)

Pilot P

Pilot P2

Pilot P;

*54

t=

t@

t<

8ilot

)trength

*C (+

!ime

!"C%M8 x =.; d

!"C%M8 x =.; d

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Parameter

+ame

RaneRecommene

:alue

Remar6s


*545OFFS&*54 -B( =%/( increments? Offset ae to *54 !hen there are t!o pilots

in the active set%

Aanoff Parameters

*545OFFS&*5( -B( =%/( increments? Offset ae to *54 !hen there are more than t!o

pilots in the active set%

*5ROP5OFFS&*54 -B( =%/( increments? Offset ae to *5ROP !hen there are t!o pilots in the active set%

*5ROP5OFFS&*5( -B( =%/( increments? Offset ae to *5ROP !hen there are more than

t!o pilots in the active set%

*5)O9P5OFFS&*54 -2 to2( =%/( increments? Offset ae to *5)O9P !hen there are t!o pilots

in the active set%

*5)O9P5OFFS&*5( -2 to2( =%/( increments? Offset ae to *5)O9P !hen there are more than


*5*ROP5OFFS&*5( -2 to2 secons Offset ae to *5*ROP !hen there are more than


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Parameter

+ame

RaneRecommene

:alueRemar6s


&AAO*aret)ell

&AAOFer9a'Rvs - .. ..

&AAOFer9oF! - .. ..

&AAOFer9oRvs - .. ..

&AAO57ino! ; - 2/B 2/B

&AAO*)894< - .. ..

elta5E -;/%/( =%/b increments? E; etermines if the Er stronest P+ !ill enter the active set%

elta5B E; etermines if the Bth stronest P+ !ill enter the active set%

elta5/ -;/%/( =%/b increments? E; etermines if the /th stronest P+ !ill enter the active set%

elta5@ -;/%/( =%/b increments? E; etermines if the @th stronest P+ !ill enter the active set%

(orerRefPilotR**hresh -@//E/=;03chips? 9*4 specific *rue value etermine by AAO reuirements of the system%

(orer*aret)ellIList 9*4 specific Facilitates the atafill for 9ulti-Pilot har hanoff =9PAAO?

&AAOFer9a'F! - .. ..

&AAO&(+O94< - .. ..

-;/%/( =%/b increments?

"order SectorParameters

Ientifies the s!itch an cell !hich are the taret of the hanoff%

*&tended +ard +andoff (*++,# Parameters

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(*S Static atafill - (*S) 9O =Leacy? or (*S)allProcessin 9O =9)?

)94 )hannel Parameters

System )etermination and c4uisition

System c4uisition (Sync channel 5nformation#

Parameter

+ame

RaneRecommene

:alueRemar6s

epens on !hether ayliht savin is On0Off

- 2BD 9*4 specific ;. 9A$" )94 Preferre )hannel Set

866 3+7 28$ for band $8! for " band

)945)A4+ =)945FR&C?

- E; erive from (*S type =Inoor0Outoor?(4+5)L4SS

IS./4*S(DB or 1-S*-3 1-S*-3

5S9:;TS"<!

for ;. 9A$

for 866 3+7

O*4ProtocolI

-2// ;

$

for ;. 9A$

for 866 3+7

P5R&:

-2// ;

$

for ;. 9A$

for 866 3+7

9I+5P5R&:

*FU5; or *FU52 See Remar6s 4s etetermine by the System timeSJS5*I9&

-2// ;ELP5S&)

-2B to 2E 9*4 specific Offset of the local time in units of %/ hr

from the System time =8PS?

L*95OFF

F4LS& or ; *RU& or ;4JL*

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(*S Static atafill - (*S) 9O =Leacy? or (*S)allProcessin 9O =9)?

Parameter

+ame

RaneRecommene

:alueRemar6s

egistration Parameters

94<5SLO*5)J)L&5I+&< - D 2

R&85KO+& - B./ Kone Reistration not currently supporte

*O*4L5KO+&S - D Kone Reistration not currently supporte

KO+&5*I9&R - D Kone Reistration not currently supporte

()4S*5I+&< -D (roacast pain not enable =i%e% for S9S?

Po!er)ontrol8ainOffset -;2D to ;23 ; *his parameter is no! use to control the

time the (*S ta6es to etect a *; problem

an !ilt the cell%

Po!er)ontrol Parameter

7iltin, (lossomin an (reathin Params%

iital*'*otalPo!er&stimationRate ; - 2 sec 2 :alue from the lab

For!arPo!er&stimation&nable F4LS& 0; *RU& ; &nable

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(*S Static atafill - Sector 9O =Leacy? or 4vance Sector 9O =9)?


:alueRemar6s

,/S Parameters

+umOfO)+S)h 2 channel elements reserve for O)+S% *his

value has to be subtracte !hen specifyin

the number of traffic channels% If the operator

oes not !ant to use O)+S, this parameter

can be set to %

2 - ;

O)+S8ain9oe Only use in F7 Lin6 loa testin:ariable)onstant0:ariable

O)+SRateSet Only use in F7 Lin6 loa testinRateSet2RateSet;0RateSet2

Sync)hannel

Pain)hannel

Sync8ain - 2// 3%D( o!n from pilot;. 9A$" @

3 9A$" @3

3 9A$ F)P" @B

Pain8ain - 2// ;. 9A$" ;E3

3 9A$" ;@

3 9A$ F)P" ;/

B%/ ( o!n from pilot for half rate

Pilot8ain - 2// ;. 9A$" ;@B3 9A$" ;.2

3 9A$ F)P" ;D3

,verhead /hannels

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:alue Remar6s

(loc6in )ontrol Parameters

9inPilot*o*otalP!rRatio -2//0;@ to 0;@ ( -;3D Sets the iital reference to be ;B%D/ ' pilot ain

F!Aanoff(loc6in*hreshol - B;.BEE =bits2? Sets hanoff bloc6in to ;2> of AP4 po!er

F!)all(loc6in*hreshol - B;.BEE =bits2? ;. 9A$" 2;@ Sets call bloc6in at .> of APS po!er !ith9inPo!er*o*otalP!rRatio G -;E/ an

Pilot8ain G ;3@

866 3+7 $66666 Sets call blocing at 96> of +PS power

with

3inPowerToTotalPwratio = -$: and

Pilot?ain = 2%

F!istributionelay =units ;03 P+ chips? ;. 9A$" D.

866 3+7 92

:alue from the lab% )an be calibrate on site

Rvsistributionelay =units ;03 P+ chips? 2;2 :alue from the lab% )an be calibrate on site

istribution elay Parameters

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Parameter+ame

Rane Recommene:alue Remar6s

Po!er )ontrol Parameters

Open Loop

+O95P7R -3 to D (% *his parameter is present in both the (*S an

the S(S%

For!ar Po!er )ontrol

P7R5R&P5*AR&SA - E; 2 Only applicable to RateSet; =3 6bps? ata

P7R5R&P5FR49&S - ;/ ;/ Only applicable to RateSet; =3 6bps? ata

P7R5*AR&SA5&+4(L& F4LS& or ; *RU& ; Only applicable to RateSet; =3 6bps? ata

PO7&R5P&RIO5&+4(L& F4LS& or ; *RU& Only applicable to RateSet; =3 6bps? ata

PO7&R5R&P5&L4J - E; ; B frames, only applicable to RateSet; =3 6bps? ata

I+I*5P7R -;@ to ;/ (

P7R5S*&P - D E E (

+U95S*&P - ;/ E =E ;? access probes per seuence

+O95P7R5&<* -; (

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4ccess Parameters

e4uest esponse Parameters

R&85PSIS* - D

9S85PSIS* - D

PRO(&5P+5R4+ - ;/

94<5R&C5S&C - ;/ 2

94<5RSP5S&C - ;/ 2

Parameter

+ame Rane

Recommene

:alue Remar6s

PSIS*=-.? - @E 4))OL)= -.? are all permitte to transmit

PSIS*=;-;/? - D 4))OL)=; -;/? are all permitte to transmit

94<5)4P5SK - D 2 / Frames messae =4llo!s E2 iale iits?

P495SK - ;/ E B Frames of 4ccess )hannel preamble% If 4ccess)hannel

4cuisition7ino!7ith is increase to a larer value

=for e'ample, to more than E2?, P495SK !oul also have to

be increase =for e'ample, from E to /?

4))5)A4+ - E; ; 4ccess channel

4))5*9O - ;/ ='3 ms? E =2E?, B ms

PRO(&5(OFF - ;/ = ;? slot elay

(OFF - ;/ ; =; ;? slot elay

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4ccess )hannel Probin

System

*ime

See ne'tfiure

O+& 4))&SS )A4++&L SLO*

4)A Frame=2 ms?

4))&SS )A4++&LPR&49(L&

=9oulation Symbol ?

4))&SS )A4++&L9&SS48& )4PSUL&

4)*U4L 4))&SS PRO(& *R4+S9ISSIO+

P+ Ranomi$ation elay G R+ chips G R+ ' %3;E3 Ms

4))&SSPRO(&

; P495SK=; - ;@ frames?

E 94<5)4P5SK=E - ; frames?

B P495SK 94<5)4P5SK=B - 2@ frames?

4ccess )hannelSlot an Frame

(ounary

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4ccess

Probe ;

4ccess

Probe ;

4ccess

Probe ;

4ccess

Probe ;

4ccess Probe

; +U95S*&P

=;@ ma'?

System

*ime

*4 R* *4 R* *4 R* *4

PI

PI

PI

IP=InitialPo!er?

See previousfiure

4))&SS

PRO(&

S&CU&+)&

Select 4ccess )hannel =R4?

initiali$e transmit po!er

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Se 2 Se E

Se 94<5 R&C 5S&C

=;/ ma'?

RSRS

4ccess 4ttempt

P

System

*ime

4ccess ProbeSeuence ;

R&CU&S*

4**&9P*

Reuest messaereay for transmission

P P

Se 2 Se BSe ESe 94<5 RSP 5S&C

=;/ ma'?

RSRS

4ccess 4ttempt

RS

System

*ime

4ccess ProbeSeuence ;

R&SPO+S&

4**&9P*

Response messaereay for transmission

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Reverse )lose Loop Po!er )ontrol

9obile (*S

Sinal Strenth

9easurement

Setpoint

or

Reverse )lose Loop

Po!er )ontrol

• )onsists of po!er up =? an po!er o!n =;? commans sent to the mobile

stations, base upon their sinal strenth, measure at the (ase Station

an compare to a specifie threshol (setpoint#

• &ach comman reuests a ;( increment or ecrement of the mobilestation transmit po!er

• *ransmitte 3 times per secon, al!ays at full po!er

• 4llo!s to compensate for the effects of fast fain

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For!ar *raffic )hannel Po!er )ontrol =3bps onlyN?

F7-

9obile (*S (S)

4just F!%

po!er

For!ar Lin6 Po!er )ontrol

• *he base station slo!ly ecreases po!er to each mobile station

• 4s the F&R =etermine at the mobile station? increases, the mobile

station reuests a For!ar *raffic )hannel po!er increase

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Parameter

+ame

RaneRecommene

:alueRemar6s

Pilot Search Parameters


+8A(R594<548& - ;/

Pilot5P+5Offset =PILO*5P+? - /;; See Remar6s 4s etermine by the local 9*4

S&4R)A57I+54 - ;/ =B - B/2 P+ )hps? @ 23 P+ chips =shoul be optimi$e once the system is

in service?

S&4R)A57I+5+ - ;/ =B - B/2 P+ )hps? ; ; P+ chips =shoul be optimi$e once the system is

in service?

S&4R)A57I+5R - ;/ =B - B/2 P+ )hps? ;; ;E P+ chips =shoul be optimi$e once the system is

in service?

*54 - @E=-%/' (? 23 -;B ( =)hane to accommoate the SAO Reuction

4lorithm?

*5ROP - @E=-%/' (? E2 -;@ ( =)hane to accommoate the SAO Reuction

4lorithm?

*5*ROP - ;/ =GH %; - E;. sec? E B sec*5)O9P - ;/ ='%/ (? 2 ;% ( =)hane to accommoate the SAO Reuction

4lorithm?

Aanoff Parameters

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:alueRemar6

s

4cuisition Parameters

4ccess)hannel4cuisitionSearch7ith 2/ - B./ =;03 P+ chips? epens on

cell raius

2B =E chips? correspons to a cell raius

of 22%D miles =E@%@ 6m?Q ; =;2/ chips?

correspons to a cell raius of

.%/ miles =;/%2/ 6m?

4ccess)hannelemoulationSearch7ith 2/ - B./ =;03 P+ chips? / @2%/ chips% etermines !ino! for usable

multipath sinals

*raffic)hannel4cuisitionSearch7ith 2/ - B./ =;03 P+ chips? epens on

cell raius

*his parameter must be set to the same

value as the 4ccess)hannel4cuisition

Search7ith

*raffic)hannelemoulationSearch7ith 2/ - B./ =;03 P+ chips? / @2%/ chips% etermines !ino! for usable

multipath sinals

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(*S Static atafill - *))0RFU =Leacy? or Po!er9anaement 9O =9)?


:alueRemar6s

7iltin, (lossomin an (reathin Params%

RecPo!erecay&'ponential - ;@ @

7ilt(lossStepSi$e ;0;@ - 2//0;@ ( B 2%/ (0sec7ilt(lossStepPerio ; - 2 =units of ; ms? ; Recommenation from C) =; ms?

7ilt(loss&nable F4LS& or ; *RU& ; &nable

(reathinStepSi$e ;0;@ - 2//0;@ ( B 2%/ (0sec

(reathinStepPerio ; - 2 =units of ; ms? ; Recommenation from C) =; ms?

(reathinelta 0;@ - 2//0;@ ( ;.2 ;2 ( rise over the noise floor

(reathin&nable F4LS& or ; *RU& isable =It is stronly recommene that this

parameter is +O* enable?

RecPo!er&stimationFilterRate ; - / =units of 2 ms? 2 :alue from the lab

*<4tten+ormal 0;@ - ;;20;@ See Remar6s 4s iven by the installation calibration

*<Po!er9a' /230;@ - @D@0;@ (m ;. 9A$" @//

866 3+7 %<%

;. 9A$" B%. (m =;2%/ 7?

866 3+7 !2.2: d"m (%.<9 @#

Po!er &stimation Parameters

RF )alibration Parameters

ReverseLin6)apacity&stimationPerio ; - 2 =units of ; ms? 2 :alue from the lab

RvsAanoff(loc6in*hreshol - ; =>? +ot currently supporte =reverse lin6?

Rvs)all(loc6in*hreshol - ; =>? ; +ot currently supporte =reverse lin6?

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P+ Offset Plannin

• )o-)hannel P+ Interference

— Condition where two sectors ha4e the same 8&offset and are close enough for the mobile to

mista'enly 2see3 a signal from one of the sectors

as a multipath of the other.

• 4jacent )hannel P+ Interference

— Condition where two sectors are using different

8& offsets1 but the mobile is located in an area

where the two different 8&s seem the same due

to the amount of delay associated with each.

P plan should

be in placebefore

optimi7ation

begins.

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Initial +eihbor List 8eneration

• 4n initial neihbor list can be enerate

as follo!s"— (n the prediction tool1 generate a best ser4er 7c(o

plot.

— For each sector1 create a neighbor list consisting

of those sectors with which it shares a common

boundary.— )ort these lists according to the boundary length

and traffic patterns so that the most logical

transitions appear earlier in the list.

)o not add sites

ABust in caseC.

The idea is tolimit the

neighbor lists in

order to reduce

search times.

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Lesson 2 - Summary

urin this lesson, !e"

• iscusse the ifferent types of RF optimi$ationparameters%

• &'plaine attributes associate !ith (S) static atafill%

• &'plaine attributes associate !ith (*S static atafill%

• &'plaine the concepts of P+ plannin concernin the

reuction of co-channel an ajacent channel P+

interference%

• &'plaine the process of initial neihbor list eneration%

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1202Lssn2.ppt