10Mukoyama Test of 275 kV3 kA HTS Model Cable.pptEPR… · · 2018-02-28Wire made by Fujikura/Showa and SRL (1) ... 30 m HTS Cable AC Transformer Cooling system house ... 10Mukoyama_Test

Long-Term Verification Test of a 275 kV-3 kA REBCO HTS Model Cable

Shinichi Mukoyama, Masashi Yagi, Takaharu Mitsuhashi, Jin Liu(Furukawa Electric)

Takeshi Ohkuma, Osamu Maruyama (ISTEC-SRL)Naoki Hayakawa (Nagoya Univ.)

Xudong Wang, Atsushi Ishiyama (Waseda Univ.)Naoyuki Amemiya (Kyoto Univ.)

Takayo Hasegawa (Showa Cable Systems)Takashi Saitoh (Fujikura)

This work was supported by the NEDO in M-PACC project.

All Rights Reserved, Copyright© FURUKAWA ELECTRIC CO., LTD. 2013

2

Cur

rent

[kA

]

Voltage [kV]

0

5

2.5

0 300100 200

＊Albany (NY) 330m, Bi-Y

Super-ACE500m, BiFurukawa

＊LIPA(NY)600m, Bi-Y

＊HYDRA (NY) 300m,Y（AMSC）

＊Soul500m,Y（AMSC)

KERI,LS‐cable100m,Y

＊New Orleans 1760m,Y（AMSC）

＊Columbus200m,Bi

M-PACC,Y30m

Furukawa

M-PACC,Y15m

500MVA 1000MVA 1500MVA250MVA

＊Amsterdam6km，Y

Y：YBCOBi：BSCCO＊：in grid

Barcelona30m,Bi

30m, Y

＊Bi実証200～m

＊CEPRI, Beijing1000m,Y

20kV-2kAMoscow, 200m，Bi

HTS Cable projects in the world

Longest

Highest

We can be available for any HTS cables with high current, high voltage, and DC.All Rights Reserved, Copyright© FURUKAWA ELECTRIC CO., LTD. 2013

3

Merits of 275 kV HTS cable


・The capacity of the 275 kV HTS cable having 1.5 GW corresponds to a typical overhead transmission line.・The total loss of the 275 kV HTS cable becomes one-fifth of that of the XLPE / OF cable.

XLPE cable 3cct HTS cable

Rating voltage

275kV 275kV

Rating capacity

1,500MVA 1,500MVA

(3 circuit = 9 cables)

(1 circuit = 3 cables)

Current 1.05kA×3 3.15kA

Transmission loss

284 kW/km 59 kW/km

Outer diameter

155mm×9 150mm×3

Overhead line

HTS Cable

XLPE/OFCable

～1/5～1/5

Compact Compact

Tunnel constructionInstallationCooling systemCableManufacturing costHTS wires

0

10

20

30

40

50

現用ケーブルConventional cable

超電導ケーブルSuperconducting cable

Cabl

e c

onst

ruction c

ost

[×

0.1

B\/km

-cct]

土木費布設費冷却システムケーブル費

ケーブル製作費超電導線

53%低減Decrease of 53%

Conventional cable Superconducting cable

4

Development of 275 kV-3 kA HTS cable

Hastelloy ~100m

Gd2Zr2O7(~1.0m)

CeO2 (~1.0m)

YBCO (~1.5m)Ag (~30m)

Cu (~25m)

structure of coated conductor (FJK)

InsulationHTS Shield

HTS conductor

Ic: 300 A/cm at 77 KWire made by Fujikura/Showa and SRL

(1) Low Loss:-AC loss and dielectric loss<0.8 W/m at 3 kArms and 275 kV

(2) Design of Electrical insulation:cable, termination and joint

(PD free at AC 310 kV, no BD at impulse 1155 kV)*[PD: Partial Discharge, BD: Breakdown]

(3) Endurance of over-current:63.0 kArms for 0.6 s;

(4) Compact:<150 mm (outer diameter)

Technical Targets：


5

2008～2010: Fundamental technology and system design・AC loss reduction・Over-current test・Design of electrical insulation・Design of the cable system

2011: Fabrication and Evaluation of Test Cable・Fabrication・Evaluation （Ic, Withstand voltage test ,

over-current characteristics）

2012: Demonstration system・275kV-3kA Cable fabrication ・Transportation (Japan→Shenyang, China)・Installation (System construction)・Verification test （Ic, AC current test, Withstand voltage test ,

AC loss and dielectric loss, Long-term verification test)


Development contents

6

AC loss measurement


-5

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4Crit

ical

cur

rent

den

sity

(109 A

/m2 )

Lateral positon (mm)

Trapezoidwith 0.8 mm-shoulder

4

6

10-11

2

4

6

10-10

2

4

6

10-9

2

Nor

mal

ized

AC

loss

[J/m

/cyc

le/A

2 ]

1.00.80.60.40.2It(peak current) / Ic

HTS conductor at 2011 Ic=9020 A at 73.7 K Ic=8150 A at 74.4 K Ic=6270 A at 77.3 K Calculation

0.124 W/m at 3 kA

HTS conductor at 2010 Ic=9200 A at 68.7 K Ic=8550 A at 70.0 K Ic=6700 A at 72.5 K Ic=4700 A at 77.3 K Calculation

0.235 W/m at 3 kA

BSuperconductor

Substrate

The calculation: taking Jc distribution into account

AC loss of the designed conductor was low, 0.124 W/m at 3kA.

AC loss is reduced by using 3 mmW tape to suppress the perpendicularity field on the tape.Cutting method of tape has been improved to prevent damege of cutting part.

Investigation of insulation material(275kV HTS cable)

30282624222018

PD inception stress [kVrms/mm]

Cum

ulat

ive

prob

abili

ty [

%]

99.999990705030

1053

10.50.3

0.1

1 mmt model cable No.2 &No.3 10 mmt model cable

70

60

50

40

30

Brea

kdow

n st

ress

[kV/

mm

]

10-3

10-2

10-1

100

101

102

103

time [hour]

n=50

PPLP-C (0.3 MPa(abs))

65hで破壊102hで破壊せず

70

60

50

40

30

Brea

kdow

n st

ress

[kV/

mm

]

10-3

10-2

10-1

100

101

102

103

time [hour]

n=50

n=49

PPLP-A (0.59 MPa(abs.))

PPLP-A (0.3 MPa(abs.)) PPLP-C (0.3 MPa(abs.))

AC B.D stress Imp. B.D stress

PDIEV-t

To reduce dielectric loss, pp laminated paper with a higher pp ratio of 60% was used.

7All Rights Reserved, Copyright© FURUKAWA ELECTRIC CO., LTD. 2011

8

Design of 275 kV-3 kA HTS cable

8

Structure Specification Diameter mm

Former Hollow stranded copper35.4

HTS conductor 2-layer YBCO

Insulation PP laminated paper81.0

HTS Shield 1-layer YBCO

Cu Protective Copper tape88.0

Protection Insulation paper

Cryostat pipe SUS and PVC sheath 150


PE shieth O.D. 150mm

HTS conducting layer

HTS Shield layer

PP laminated papert

Cu protection layer

Cryostat pipe

Cu stranded former

9

HTS core of 50 m

HTS Shield

HTS conductor

Insulation

Cu hollow former

PE φ150mm

Vacuuminsulation

30 m for demonstration

HTS core with cryostat pipe

sample tests,Ic, over-current,withstand voltage tests.


In VISCAS

275kV-3kA Cable fabrication

10

Testing condition

Test Shipping testSample cable of 5 m

Long term verification test30 m cable

Referenced standard

1 Partial discharge test 310 kV-10min 310 kV-10min

2 Critical currentmeasurement

DC DC

3 Load-cycle(Long-term verification test)

200 kV-1 month3 kA ON/OFFMore than 20 cylcles

JEC-3408

4 Critical currentDielectric loss

DC

5 Impulse voltage ± 1155 kV-3shots After long term test±1155 kV-3shots

JEC-3408

6 Partial discharge test 310 kV-10min 310 kV-10min

7 Voltage test 320 kV(2U0) 15min 320 kV(2U0) 15min IEC62067

6 Voltage test 400 kV(2.5U0)30min

400 kV(2.5U0) 30min IEC62067

・Test conditions were decided as a shipping test and a long term verification test, referring to the conventional cable standards of IEC and JEC.


11

Long-term Characteristics (V-t)

V-t of PDIE and breakdown at 0.3 MPa(abs.)

Life time constant of PDIE was 80. There was no degradation after the V-t of PDIE.Life time constant of B.D. was 50. There was degradation after the V-t of B.D.

Evaluation of the Long-term characteristics (V-t) of model cables with insulation thicknesses of 1 mm

11

60

50

40

30

20

AC V

olta

ge [k

V/m

m]

10-3

10-2

10-1

100

101

102

103

time [hour]

V-t of PDIE, n=80

V-t of AC breakdown stress, n=50

0.3 MPa(abs)

760h

42.3 kV/mm65 h

ntypeAC days

daysyearsUV1

0 )30

36530(

Long-term verification test

275 kV

Voltage 160 kV 200kV

term 30 years 30 days

n (life time constant) =50U0=160 kV


12

(Voltage tap distance: 1.5 m)

Ic=6440 A (@1µm/cm)

Current [A]

Gen

erat

ed V

olta

ge [m

V]

Ic was obtained as 6440A at 77.3 K,almost agreed the sum of all the used YBCO tapes

Over-current test:At 63.0 kArms for 0.6 s, which was the worst situation in 275 kV systems

No Ic degradation after 63.0kArms for 0.6sec

Ic:


Sample tests (1) Ic, Over-current test

TransformerTransformer

Short HTS cable with a joint part

13

5

4

3

2

1

0

Sin

gals

of C

D-5

[V]

Time [10 ms/div]

-40

-20

0

20

40

Applied V

oltage [kV] sinals of CD-5

Voltage [kV]

Detection of the PD inception stress

13

Model cable Voltage test AC Voltage test 400kV 30min

Imp Voltage test 1155 kV

PD test 310 kV (no P.D.)

The sample was PD free at AC 310 kV for 10 minutes and withstood at AC 400 kV in LN2 under atmospheric pressure.

Sample tests (2) voltage withstand tests

LN2/ PP laminated paper

Sample cable

Cryostat for voltage tests


14

Visual confirmationAcceleration

TerminalCable joint HTS Cable

After Vs. Before Comparison result:There was no troubleduring the transportation.

Chiba,Yokohama

China

JapanShenyang

Dalian


Joint construction and Transportation

15

System construction (1)

Transformer

Testing sites

Terminal

XLPE cables for current carrying


16

Monitoring

Cooling system

安全弁

安全弁

安全弁安全弁

安全弁

LN2 circulating in the closed loop,No cooler.



17

Joint

Cold Evaporator

Cooling system house

Transformer

Cooling system

monitoring

PD test monitor

Voltage controller

Current controller

Control room

Terminal


Finished in October 2012


18

System construction

Joint

30 m HTS Cable

AC Transformer

Cooling system house

Joint & Termination

19

Conductor layer: 6800 A

Shield layer: 7000 A

Ic: 77.3K


-4000

-2000

0

2000

4000

Cur

rent

[A]

50x10-3403020100

Time [s]

Conductor Current Shield Current

AC current test: 3 kArms

The rate of shield current to conductor current is about 75%, which is due to 13 m long of the normal conduction part in the shield circuit according to the results of numerical calculation. The inductance of normal conductor is dominant. The shield rate of only HTS cable is 98.6%

Withstand voltage test :

No PD(partial discharge ) at AC 310 kV for 10 minutes

Before long-term test

Results of Verification test (1)


Long-term test(11/18~12/20)

Operation Temperature

72 K

Cooling capacity

>3 kW

Voltage 200 kVCurrent 3 kACycle >20 (8h ON, 16h OFF)Term 1 month

Successfully conducted200 kV- 1 month:Determined by assuming insulation degradation in 30 years

Voltage Current



After long-term test

Suggesting the superior reliability of this HTS cable system even for 30 years.

PD test:

No-PD was observed at AC 310 kV for 10 minutes

Ic: No degradation

AC loss: 0.19 W/m

Dielectric loss: 0.44 W/m at the operating voltage of 160 kV, which is almost 25% lower than the designed value of 0.60 W/m

(measured by the calorimetric method)



Summary

275kV-3kA HTS cable was designed and fabricated:・HTS Cable outer diameter 150 mm・Ic 6440 A at 77.3 K of the conduction layers of 1.5 m long part・PD-free at 310 kV and No BD at 400 kV in LN2 under atmospheric pressure・No Ic degradation after the over-current of 63.0 kArms for 0.6 s

Construction of demonstration system was completed:・Included the 30 m long HTS cable, two terminals, a cable joint and a cooling

system

Verification test :・Ic of HTS conductor and HTS shield were 6800 A and 7000 A, respectively・Long-term verification test was successfully conducted ・No-PD and No-Ic degradation after the long-term verification test

These results show a success in the development of 275kV-3kA HTS cable with the world's highest voltage and largest capacity

Documents

10Mukoyama Test of 275 kV3 kA HTS Model Cable.pptEPR… · · 2018-02-28Wire made by Fujikura/Showa and SRL (1) ... 30 m HTS Cable AC Transformer Cooling system house ... 10Mukoyama_Test