Fujikura PANDA fiber products and Basics of PM fibers · 1 Fujikura proprietary 916-0506-049-03 Fujikura PANDA fiber products and Basics of PM fibers Fiber Optics Network Products

1 Fujikura proprietary916-0506-049-03

Fujikura PANDA fiber products and Basics of PM fibers

Fiber Optics Network Products Engineering DepartmentFujikura Ltd.


Fujikura PANDA fiber solutionsFujikura has been developing below new PANDA fibers for customersolutions.– For Blue LD,Blue LED products designersSC48-P,SM63-P・UV/UV coating series

– For RoHS Directive PANDA cord users　　 Lead-free, non-halogen PANDA cord series– For Laser diode or modulator for 10G telecom designers　　　 UV coating series– For flame retardant users such as telephone office users　　　 Flame-retardant series– <15mm winding diameter users　　　 80 microns cladding diameter series– For lower temperature dependence users as coupler manufacturers　　　 Low birefringence series

Fujikura is challenging for customer solutions to meet various needs.


Specifications for UV/UV PANDA fibers

245+/-15 SM15-PS-U25A

400+/-15 1.29 -1.45

3.0 -5.0

0.5 10.5 1.55 SM15-PS-U40A

245+/-15 SM14-PS-U25A

400+/-15 1.20 -1.38

2.8 -4.7

1.0 9.8 1.40 -1.49

SM14-PS-U40A

245+/-15 SM13-PS-U25A

400+/-15 1.10 -1.29

2.5 -4.0

1.0 9.5 1.3 SM13-PS-U40A

245+/-15 SM98-PS-U25A

400+/-15 0.80-0.95

1.5 -2.7

2.5 6.6 0.98 SM98-PS-U40A

245+/-15 SM85-PS-U25A

400+/-15

UV/UV

0.65-0.80

-30

1.0 -2.0

3.0 5.5 0.85 SM85-PS-U40A

µm µm Max. dB/100m

Mm Max. dB/km

+/-1.0 µm

µm

Coating diameter

Coating Structure

Cut-off Wavelength

Crosstalk

Beat Length

Attenu-ation

MFD λc


Bend performance of 125µm cladding PANDA

Bend diameter (mm)10 20 30 40 50 60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-45

-35

-25

Crosstalk for Y-polarization

Bend loss for Y-polarization

λ=1.55µm

Pol

ariz

atio

n cr

osst

alk

(dB

/4m

)

Ben

d lo

ss (d

B/m

)

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0

No significant performance degradation in a bend diameter ≥40 mm of 2% proof test PANDA fibers.1% proof should be bent ≥ D60mm due to life time.

SM15-PS


Flame retardant PANDA fiber

UL94-V-0 Polyester-elastomer Resin over coating

UL1581-VW1 Flame retardant

Alternative from Nylon coating fiber

Wavelength:0.85,0.98,1.3,1.45,1.55µm, DSF


Specifications for 900µm PANDA fibers

UV/Polyamide(Black)

UV/Polyesrer-elastomer(Black)

UV/Polyamide(Black)


UV/Polyamide(Black)


UV/Polyamide(Green)

UV/Polyesrer-elastomer(Green)

UV/Polyamide(Black)


CoatingStructure

SM15-PS-N90A

1.29-1.45

3.0-5.0

0.510.51.55SM15-PS-H90A

SM14-PS-N90A

1.20-1.38

2.8-4.7

1.09.81.40-1.49

SM14-PS-H90A

SM13-PS-N90A

1.10-1.29

2.5-4.0

1.09.51.3SM13-PS-H90A

SM98-PS-N90A

0.80 -0.95

1.5-2.7

2.56.60.98SM98-PS-H90A

SM85-PS-N90A

900+/-100

0.65 -0.80

-25

1.0-2.0

3.05.50.85SM85-PS-H90A

µmµmMax.dB/100m

mmMax.dB/km

+/-1.0µm

µm

Diameter

Cut-offWavelength

Crosstalk

BeatLength

Attenu-ation

MFDλc


Lead and Halogen free PANDA cords

Polyolefin coating for RoHS directive compatibleBest alternative for PVC coatingIEC60332-3-C flame-retardant2 fiber ribbon type available

UV/Polyamide(Black)/Polyolefin(Gray)


CoatingStructure

0.50-0.62

2.0124.00.63SM63-PS-G20A

2.0+/-0.2

0.40 -0.47-30

2.0304.00.48SC48-PS-G20A

mmµmMax.dB/100m

Max.mm

Max.dB/km

+/-1.0µm

µm

Diameter

Cut-offWavelength

Crosstalk

BeatLength

Attenu-ation

CoreDiameter

λc


Lead and Halogen free PANDA cords for PVC alternative(2)




UV/Polyamide(Green)/Polyolefin(Gray)


CoatingStructure

1.29-1.45

3.0-5.0

0.510.51.55SM15-PS-G20A

1.20-1.38

2.8-4.7

1.09.81.40-1.49

SM14-PS-G20A

1.10-1.29

2.5-4.0

1.09.51.3SM13-PS-G20A

0.80 -0.95

1.5-2.7

2.56.60.98SM98-PS-G20A

2.0+/-0.2

0.65 -0.77

-25

1.0-2.0

3.05.50.85SM85-PS-G20A

mmµmMax.dB/100m

mmMax.dB/km

+/-1.0µm

µm

Diameter

Cut-offWavelength

Crosstalk

BeatLength

Attenu-ation

MFDλc


Specifications for Dispersion Shift PANDA fibers

2000+/-200

900+/-100

UV/Polyester-elastomer(Blue)

1.53

-25

3.0-5.0

0.58.01.55

DS15-PS-H90A

400+/-15

UV/UV-30DS15-PS-U40A

UV/Polyamide(Blue)/Polyolefin(Gray)

UV/Polyamide(Blue)

CoatingStructure

DS15-PS-G20A

DS15-PS-N90A

µmµmMax.dB/100m

mmMax.dB/km

+/-1.0µm

µm

Diameter

Cut-offWavelength

Crosstalk

BeatLength

Attenu-ation

MFDλc


Features of RC-PANDA fibers 11.Higher birefringence for lateral pressure endurance

r

f

θ

r

f

r1

Eπf4CB⋅

= ( )r1

EπfθSin θ Cos1 2CB⋅

⋅−=

C:Photo Elastic constant E:Young’s modulus

2. Attenuation and MFD non-circularity optimization

Re-design Stress applying parts

•B2O3 , OH absorption increase

•MFD non-circularity increaseTo improve above, reduce slightly MFD diameter.


Features of RC-PANDA fibers 23. Smaller bending radius tolerance

•For good bending property,Bending lossBending crosstalk

should be small both. 2

2

RrC

21B =

R

r

Higher aperture design andachieve good results

4. Splice loss optimizing

Telecom component⇒ Need low splice loss with

different major fiber splices Requirement:Splice loss < 0.1dB

MFD differences with other fibers are designed within slight level


Attenuation and Crosstalk in 4m length bending

980nm RC-PANDA 1550nm RC-PANDA -40

-35

-30

-25

-2015 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

Cro

ssta

lk [d

B/4

m]

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

Bending Loss [dB

/m]

: Slow axis

: Fast axis

-40

-35

-30

-25

-2015 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

Bending Diameter [mm]

Cro

ssta

lk [d

B/4

m]

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

Bending Loss [dB

/m]

:Slow axis

: Fast axis

Bending Diameter [mm]Y: Fast axis

X: Slow axis


Specifications for RC-PANDA fibers

1.29-1.45

2.5-4.5

2.09.51.55RCSM15-PS-U17B

1.20-1.38

2.3-4.2

2.09.01.40-1.49

RCSM14-PS-U17B

1.10-1.29

2.0-3.5

2.08.21.3RCSM13-PS-U17B

165+/-10UV/UV

0.80-0.95

-25

1.4-2.6

2.56.00.98RCSM98-PS-U17B

µmµmMax.dB/100m

MmMax. dB/km

+/-1.0µm

µm

Diameter CoatingStructure

Cut-offWavelength

CrossTalk

BeatLength

Attenu-ation

MFDλc


PANDA fibers for sensors

Stable sensing against external perturbations

Connecting fiber to sensor light source

Suitable for faraday effect sensing fibers(UV/UV coating type of 0.63, 0.48µm were started to release )

Blue laser cutoff wavelength is also available


Typical wavelength characteristics of sensor 0.48,0.63 PANDA

Typical Spectral Attenuation of SM48-P

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

450 500 550 600

Wavelength(nm)

Loss

(dB

/km

)

Typical Spectral Attenuation of SM63-P

0

2

4

6

8

10

600 650 700 750 800 850 900

Wavelength (nm)

Loss

(dB

/km

)


Specifications for sensor PANDA fibers

400+/-15UV/UVSC48-PS-U40A

400+/-15UV/UVSM63-PS-U40A

900+/-100UV/Poly-amide(Black)

0.50 -0.62

12(4.0)0.63SM63-PS-N90A

165+/-100.65 -0.80

2.0

3.54.00.85RCHA85-PS-U17B

245+/-15UV/UV1.00 -1.29

-30

2.52.05.51.3HA13-PS-U25A

900+/-10030(4.0)0.48SC48-PS-N90A

245+/-15SC48-PS-U25A

UV/Poly-amide(Black)0.40

-0.47

µmµm Max.dB/100m

MaxMm

Max.dB/km

+/-1.0µm

µm

DiameterCoatingStructure

Cut-offWavelength

Cross-talk

BeatLength

Attenu-ation

MF(Core)diameter

λc


Low birefringence PANDA fiber

Optimized birefringence for polarization devices– Suitable for temperature sensitive polarization devices

– SAPs (Stress applying parts) interval is widely located

– Lower birefringence than standard PANDA

– SAP thermal expansion coefficient is less effective that temperature dependence should be stable


Specifications for low birefringence PANDA fibers

1.29-1.45

4.4-7.8

0.510.51.55SM15-PR-U25A-H

1.20-1.38

4.1-7.3

1.09.81.40-1.49

SM14-PR-U25A-H 245+/-15UV/UV

0.80-0.95

-25

2.8-4.9

3.06.60.98SM98-PR-U25A-H

µmµmMax.dB/100m

mmMax.dB/km

+/-1.0µm

µm

DiameterCoatingStructure

Cut-offWavelength

Crosstalk

BeatLength

Attenu-ation

MFDλc

19

PANDA fiber tail assembly

PANDA Connectors– FC connector– SC connector

Custom-made Assembly– Special ferrule– Special tail assembly

-Rounded-end, Taper-end-Metallic coating, AR coating


PANDA connectorsPANDA-FC Connector FC and SC Connector typical properties

Polishing SPC UPC APCInsertion Loss max 0.5dB 0.5dB 0.5dBReturn Loss min 40dB 50dB 60dBCrosstalk max -25dB -25dB -25dBAxial Alignment typ +/-3 deg +/-3 deg +/-3 deg

PANDA-SC Connector

Other connectors, polishing and axis alignments are also available.


Basics of Polarization maintaining fibers

Fiber Optics Network Products Engineering DepartmentFujikura Ltd.


Polarization modes in ideal SM fiber

A Single-mode(SM) fiber has two degenerated orthogonal polarization modes, which have the identical propagation constant: nx=ny, bx=by

Rotational asymmetries such as core ellipse or lateral stress induce birefringence and lift the degeneracy.


Polarization in ideal SM fiber

An ideal SM fiber with perfect rotational symmetry can maintain any state of polarization. If any stress induces on the fiber or a fiber has an non circular core...

Without external stress


Stress-induced birefringence

Rotationally asymmetrical stress changes refractive indices for two orthogonal polarization direction (birefringent axes): photo-elastic effect. As a result, the two orthogonal modes are separated: nx > ny, βx > βy: stress birefringence.

External stress due to bend or lateral pressure

σx

σy

y

x

)( σσ xxyx CB nn −=−=

C:Photo Elastic constant


Polarization in actual SM fiber

Stress-induce phase difference causes polarization change.State of polarization at output is not stable.

External stress


Structure of PANDA fiberBoron-doped SAP(Stress applying parts) have higher thermal coefficient of expansion than the cladding. – SAP: 3 X10-6 / degree C– Cladding: 5 X 10-7 / degree C

The SAP shrinks more than the cladding during cooling process of drawing.Tensile stress of SAP direction remains in the core induces large stress birefringence.

Core (GeO2+SiO2)

Y ( f ast axis)

Cladding (SiO2)

X ( slow axis)

Stress applying parts (B2O3+SiO2)

Refractive index profile along x- direction


How to preserve polarization

A fiber with high internal birefringence can maintain linear polarization against external perturbations since its birefringent axis rotation is small.

Birefringence induced byexternal stress Intrinsic birefringence

External stress

Intrinsic birefringence vector

<<

Polarization crosstalk


Production process of Fujikura PANDA

Drawing

AssemblingManufacture VAD preform

Drilling, lapping and polishing

,

ManufactureSAPs

Intermediate inspection

Final inspection

Rewinding to shipping spoolShipment Prooftest


Inspection items and methods on PANDA fiber

FOTP-193DirectFCrosstalkITU-T G.650JME / Wavelegth scanIGroup beat length

ITU-T G.650OTDR / Spectral loss (cutback)

IAttenuation

ITU-T G.650Bend referenceICutoff wavelength

ITU-T G.650Far-field pattern / Variable aperture

IMode field diameter---MicroscopeO / ICoat diameter

ITU-T G.650Grey scaleI / FCore offsetITU-T G.650Grey scaleO / I / FFiber diameter

ReferenceMethod or techniqueApplication

O: Process measurementI: Intermediate inspectionF: Final inspection


Beat length

Beat length Lb is one cycle of periodical polarization variation along a PM fiber. Related to modal birefringence as follows:

BLb λ

=

Lb:Beat length


Measurement of polarization crosstalk

Measure the extinction ratio of output light while input linear polarization is launched into input.

Fiber under test

Compensator or depolarizerAnalyzer

Light Source Power meter

CT=10logPyPx

CT=10logPxPy

PolarizationcrosstalkPolarizer Py

Py

Px

Px

X-Pol.

Y-Pol.

Unit: dB


Power coupling coefficient

Polarization crosstalk in linear expression is proportional to fiber length through random mode-coupling. Power coupling coefficient, h-parameter, is defined as a power coupled to the orthogonal mode in unit length.

L:Fiber Length

LLh ηη

≈=− )(tan 1

1010CT

x

y

PP

==η-50

-40-35-30-25-20-15

1 10 100 1000

Pol

ariz

atio

n cr

osst

alk

(dB

)-30 dB/100 m-25 dB/100 m

CT0 = -47 dB-45

Fiber length (m)


Reliability performance

Passed Origin, Temperature-humidity aging IEC,GR-20 Fatigue value 6Passed For reference, Flame retardant only UL1591 VW-1 Other 7

Passed Origin, Aging(-40,85degC),Temperature cycling,Temperature-humidity aging

IEC,GR-20 Tensile strength 5

Passed Aging(-40,85degC), Temperature cycling Temperature-humidity aging, Hot water soak

---Polarization Crosstalk

4

Passed Aging(-40,85degC), Temperature cycling Temperature-humidity aging, Hot water soak

---Attenuation 3

Passed Origin(45,23,0degC), Temperature- humidity aging, Water soak,Hot water soak

IEC,GR-20 Strippability 2

Passed Origin,Temperature-humidity aging, Water soak,Hot water soak

---Observation of Coating

1

Results Condition Reference Test item


Summary of Fujikura PANDA fiberLow attenuation and low polarization crosstalk with superior designing and manufacturing.High dimensional symmetry and uniformity.– Suitable for splicing,connectorizing and optical devices.

High reliability proofed in actual system and customer

New series are released as ongoing developments– Lead-free, non-halogen PANDA cord series – Sensing

(SM48-P,SM63-P, RCHA85-P,HA13-P UV/UV series )– Flame retardant coating– 80 micron cladding– Low birefringenceFujikura is challenging for customer solution together.

Documents

Fujikura PANDA fiber products and Basics of PM fibers · 1 Fujikura proprietary 916-0506-049-03 Fujikura PANDA fiber products and Basics of PM fibers Fiber Optics Network Products