1050-H24 铝合金的搅拌摩擦焊接 FRICTION STIR WELDING OF AA1050-H24 刘会杰哈尔滨工业大学现代焊接生产技术国家重点实验室

1050-H24铝合金的搅拌摩擦焊接FRICTION STIR WELDING OF AA1050-H24

刘会杰

哈尔滨工业大学现代焊接生产技术国家重点实验室

Base material used in experiments

1050-H24铝合金的搅拌摩擦焊1050-H24铝合金的搅拌摩擦焊

Chemical compositions of 1050- H24 aluminum alloy

Al Si Fe Cu Mg V Ti

99.58 0.04 0.32 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.02

Mechanical properties of 1050-H24 aluminum alloy

Tensile strength

0.2% proof strength

Elongation Hardness

106 MPa 68 MPa 18.6 % 40.2 HV

Experimental equipment

1050-H24铝合金的搅拌摩擦焊1050-H24铝合金的搅拌摩擦焊

Tool dimensions and welding parameters

Tool dimensions designated in experiments

Shoulder diameter Pin diameter Pin length

15 mm 6 mm 4.7 mm

Welding parameters used in experiments

Tool tilt Rotation speed Welding speed Revolutionary pitch

3 ° 600-2000 rpm 100-800 mm/min 0.07-0.53 mm/r

Single-sided F

SW

1050-H24铝合金的 FSW ——单面焊1050-H24铝合金的 FSW ——单面焊

Single-sided F

SW

Weld appearance


Single-sided F

SW

Tensile samples

5 5 5

Welding Direction

Rotating Direction

RS

AS

We

ld10

0

13

50

20

12

R20

5


= 1500 rpm

0

25

50

75

100

0 200 400 600 800 1000

Welding speed, mm/min

Str

ength

, M

Pa

0

6

12

18

24

30

Elo

ngation,

%

Tensile strength0.2% proof strengthElongation

Tensile properties of joints

Single-sided F

SW

v = 200 mm/min

0

25

50

75

100

400 700 1000 1300 1600 1900 2200

Rotation speed, rpm

Str

ength

, M

Pa

0

6

12

18

24

30

Elo

ngation,

%



400 mm/min

800 mm/min

R Side

R Side

R Side A Side

A Side

A Side 100

mm/min

= 1500 rpm

Fracture locations of joints

Advancing

Retreating

-5

-2.5

0

2.5

5

7.5

10

0 200 400 600 800 1000

Welding speed, mm/min

Fra

ctu

re l

oc

ati

on

, m

m = 1500 rpm

Single-sided F

SW

Advancing

Retreating

-5

-2.5

0

2.5

5

7.5

10

400 700 1000 1300 1600 1900 2200

Rotation speed, rpmF

ractu

re location,

mm

v = 200 mm/min

2000 rpm

1000 rpm

800 rpm R Side

R Side

R Side A Side

A Side

A Side

v = 200 mm/min


Variation in tensile properties with revolutionary pitch

0

25

50

75

100

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6

Revolutionary pitch, mm/r

Str

engt

h, M

Pa

0

6

12

18

24

30

Elo

ngat

ion,

%

Tensile strength 1500mrpmTensile strength 200 mm/min0.2% proof strength 1500 rpm0.2% proof strength 200 mm/minElongation 1500 rpmElongation 200 mm/min

Single-sided F

SW


A SideR SideR Side A Side

R SideR Side A SideA Side

(a)

(d)(c)

(b)

v = 200 mm/min, d = 0.13 mm/r

v = 200 mm/min, d = 0.25 mm/r

= 1500 rpm, d = 0.07 mm/r

= 1500 rpm, d = 0.53 mm/r

2mm

2mm2mm

2mm

Cross sections obtained at the different revolutionary pitches

Single-sided F

SW


Hardness distributions of the joints

(a)Constant rotation speed (b) Constant welding speed

R Side A Side

20

25

30

35

40

45

-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15

Distance from weld center, mm

Vic

kers

har

dnes

s, H

v

0.07 mm/r0.27 mm/r0.53 mm/r

R Side A Side

20

25

30

35

40

45

-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15


Vic

kers

har

dnes

s, H

v

0.10 mm/r0.20 mm/r0.33 mm/r

= 1500 rpm v = 200 mm/min

Single-sided F

SW


Upper part

Middle part

Low

er part

5 1.4 1.4 1.4 5

Welding Direction Rotating DirectionH

eterogeneity of properties

Tensile samples

1050-H24铝合金的 FSW ——不均匀性1050-H24铝合金的 FSW ——不均匀性

Mechanical properties of different component parts

(a)

45

55

65

75

85

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6

Revolutionary pitch d , mm/r

Ultim

ate

str

ength

, M

Pa

Upper partMiddle partLower part

(b)

30

35

40

45

50

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6


Pro

of s

tren

gth

, M

Pa


(c)

0

5

10

15

20

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6


Elo

ngat

ion,

%


Heterogeneity of properties


Fracture locations of different component parts

A Side

R Side

-5

0

5

10

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6

Revolutionary pitch d , mm/rF

ractu

re location,

mm Upper part

Middle partLower part1

d = 0.53 mm/r

R Side

R Side

R Side

A Side

A Side

A Side

d = 0.07 mm/r

Upper Part

R Side

R Side

A Side

A Side

A Side

R Side

Middle Part

Lower Part



Hardness distributions in the different component parts

d = 0.07 mm/r

20

25

30

35

40

45

-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15


Vic

kers

har

dnes

s, H

v


R Side A Side

(a)

d = 0.53 mm/r

20

25

30

35

40

45

-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15


Vic

kers

har

dnes

s, H

v


R Side A Side

(c)

d = 0.27 mm/r

20

25

30

35

40

45

-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15


Vic

kers

har

dnes

s, H

v


R Side A Side

(b)



(1) In the FSW of 1050-H24 aluminum alloy, the optimum welding parameters can be determined from the relations between the tensile properties and the welding parameters, and the maximum tensile strength of the joints is equivalent to 80% that of the base material.

(2) When the welding parameters deviate from the optimum values, the tensile properties of the joints deteriorate and the fracture locations of the joints clearly change.

(3) The different component parts of the joint possess different mechanical properties, and the welding parameters have different effects on their mechanical properties. In the three component parts of the joint, the middle part is weakest and the upper part is strongest in mechanical properties.

(4) The fracture locations of the different component parts of the joint are different from one another, but all the fracture locations occur on the advancing side or in the weld center and are affected by the welding parameters.

Single-sided FSW — Conclusions


Schematic illumination of two-sided FSW process

Welding direction Rotatingdirection

Initial welding bead

Top side

Left end Right end


Final welding bead

Originalbottom side

Originalleft end

Originalright end

Turn down

Same-direction welding


Initial welding bead

Top side

Left end Right end


Final welding bead

Originalbottom side

Originalright end

Originalleft end

Turn down

Opposite-direction welding

1050-H24铝合金的 FSW ——双面焊1050-H24铝合金的 FSW ——双面焊

Designation of welding tool and parameters

Welding tool size and process parameters used in the experiments

Tool size (mm) Welding parameters Sample No. Shoulder diameter Pin diameter Pin length

Welding direction Rotation speed (rpm) Welding speed (mm/min)

1 15/15 6/6 4.7/4.7 Same 1500/1500 400/200

2 15/15 6/6 4.7/4.7 Same 1500/1500 400/400

3 15/15 6/6 4.7/4.7 Same 1500/1500 400/600

4 15/15 6/6 4.7/4.7 Same 1500/1500 800/400

5 15/15 6/6 4.7/4.7 Opposite 1500/1500 400/400

6 15/12 6/4 4.7/2.8 Same 1500/1500 400/200

Tw

o-sided FS

W


2 mm

RS AS

(c)

200 mm/min

(a)

0

25

50

75

100

0 200 400 600 800

Final welding speed, mm/min

Str

engt

h, M

Pa

0

6

12

18

24

30

Elo

ngat

ion,

%


(b)

0

2

4

6

200 400 600

Final welding speed, mm/min

Fra

ctur

e lo

catio

n, m

m AS/RS AS

(d)

RS AS

2 mmDefect

600 mm/min

Initial welding speed = 400 mm/min

Tw

o-sided FS

W


(a)

0

30

60

90

120

400 800

Initial welding speed, mm/min

Str

engt

h, M

Pa

0

6

12

18

24

30

Elo

ngat

ion,

%


(b)

0

2

4

6

400 800

Initial welding speed, mm/minF

ract

ure

loca

tion,

mm AS/RS

Final welding speed = 400 mm/min

Tw

o-sided FS

W


(a)

0

30

60

90

120

Same Opposite

Welding direction

Str

engt

h, M

Pa

0

6

12

18

24

30

Elo

ngat

ion,

%

Tensile strength0.2% proof strengthElongation (b)

0

2

4

6

Same Opposite

Welding direction

Fra

ctur

e lo

catio

n, m

m AS/RS AS

RS AS

25

30

35

40

45

50

-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15


Vic

kers

ha

rdn

ess

, Hv One of No.2 samples

All of No.5 samples(c)

Minimumhardness

Initial and final welding speed = 400 mm/min

No.2 samples: same

welding direction

No.5 samples: opposite

welding direction

Tw

o-sided FS

W


RS AS

25

30

35

40

45

50

-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15


Vic

kers

ha

rdn

ess

, Hv One of No.1 samples

All of No.6 samples(c)

Minimumhardness

(a)

0

30

60

90

120

15(6) 12(4)

Diameter of shoulder (pin), mm

Str

engt

h, M

Pa

0

6

12

18

24

30

Elo

ngat

ion,

%


(b)

0

2

4

6

15(6) 12(4)

Diameter of shoulder (pin), mm

Fra

ctur

e lo

catio

n, m

m AS/RS AS

Initial and final welding speed = 400 and 200 mm/min, respectively

No.1 samples: large-size

welding tool

No.6 samples: small-size

welding tool

Tw

o-sided FS

W


(1) The welding parameters, welding direction and tool size have certain effects on the tensile properties and fracture locations of the two-sided friction-stir-welded 1050-H24 joints. Under the optimum welding conditions, the tensile properties of such joints are not yet higher than those of the single-sided welded joints.

(2) The mechanical properties of the 1050-H24 joints cannot be improved by so-called two-sided FSW process. The reason for this may be explained by the softening effect resulted from reheating to the joints.

Two-sided FSW — Conclusions


Documents

1050-H24 铝合金的搅拌摩擦焊接 FRICTION STIR WELDING OF AA1050-H24 刘会杰 哈尔滨工业大学 现代焊接生产技术国家重点实验室

1050-H24 铝合金的搅拌摩擦焊接 FRICTION STIR WELDING OF AA1050-H24 刘会杰哈尔滨工业大学现代焊接生产技术国家重点实验室