102 AMUNDSEN STREET LEUMEAH, NSW

102 AMUNDSEN STREET LEUMEAH, NSW HERITAGE ASSESSMENT

Prepared by: John Oultram Heritage & Design Level 2, 386 New South Head Road, Double Bay NSW 2028 Tel: (02) 9327 2748 [email protected] Prepared for: J. M. Newham & E. M. Clarke Revised November 2013 © John Oultram Heritage & Design

102 AMUNDSEN STREET, LEUMEAH HERITAGE ASSESSMENT ____________________________________________________________________________________

JOHN OULTRAM HERITAGE & DESIGN 2

1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 THE BRIEF The following report has been prepared to assess the heritage significance of the existing property at 102 Amundsen Street, Leumeah, NSW. The report has been prepared on behalf of J. M. Newham & E. M. Clarke, the owners of the property. 1.2 THE STUDY AREA The study area is Lot 2 in DP 126471 at Leumeah in the City of Campbelltown, Parish of St Peter, County of Cumberland (Figure 1.1)

Figure 1.1 The Study Area Source: Google Maps 1.3 LIMITATIONS AND TERMS The report only addresses the European significance of the place. The terms fabric, conservation, maintenance, preservation, restoration, reconstruction, adaptation, compatible use and cultural significance used in this report are as defined in the Australia ICOMOS Burra Charter. 1.4 METHODOLOGY This report was prepared in accordance with the NSW Heritage Manual “Statements of Heritage Impact”, “Assessing Heritage Significance Guidelines” and the City of Sydney Council guidelines for the preparation of heritage impact statements. The philosophy adopted is that guided by the Australia ICOMOS Burra Charter 1999. 1.5 AUTHORS AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This report, including all diagrams and photographs, was prepared by John Oultram and Tracy Loveridge of John Oultram Heritage & Design, unless otherwise noted. Historical research was prepared by Nicholas Jackson. John Oultram Heritage & Design was established in 1998 and is on the NSW Heritage Office list of heritage consultants.

102 AMUNDSEN STREET



2.0 HISTORICAL SUMMARY 2.1 SUMMARY The cottage at No. 102 Amundsen Street was located within part Lot 48 of the Campbellfield's Estate sale of 1883. This allotment, together with Lot 49, was purchased by John Snell between 1887 and 1888. Snell erected a cottage at No. 86 Amundsen Street prior to 1890, and the cottage at No. 102 Amundsen Street was erected for the Longhurst family in the 1920s. 2.2 REDFERN'S CAMPBELLFIELD The cottage is located within an area historically associated with Campbellfield, an estate of 1,300 acres officially granted to Thomas Rose in 1821, but owned by Dr William Redfern. Rose was an ex-convict, turned baker and publican in Sydney. From 1828 he lived at the nearby Mount Gilead estate.1 Dr Redfern had also been a convict, but having trained as a surgeon found ready employment and from 1811 was the personal physician of Governor Lachlan Macquarie. Redfern named his estate Campbellfield in honour of Mrs Macquarie. When not attending to patients in Sydney, Redfern lived at Campbellfield from around 1820. When Redfern died in 1833 he possessed 23,190 acres of which 6,296 acres were in the Airds and Minto area.2 Campbellfield remained in the ownership of the Redfern family until the 1880s under the administration of trustees. From at least the 1840s the estate had been divided into farms ranging from 700 to 2-acres and were leased, principally for grazing.3 2.3 CAMPBELLFIELDS AT MINTO Minto was often called Campbellfield's owing to the old Redfern family estate that covered so much of the district. Throughout the period 1830s to 1870s the area was sparsely settled, but that changed with the coming of the opening of the railway station in 1877 (as Campbellfields and changed to Minto in 1882) and the subdivisions that followed. The subdivision of Campbellfield was commenced in 1883 and finished in 1885. In all there were three land releases in that time. Most of the purchasers were real estate investors and speculators with a smaller group of resident farmers and shop keepers.4 The name of the next railway station is Leumeah, which opened in 1886. Leumeah, is historically associated with a farm established by the Warby family around 1820.5 2.4 JOHN SNELL AND LOTS 48-49 Lots 48 and 49 of the Campbellfield's Estate were purchased in stages by John Snell in April 1887 (Lot 48)6 and in September 1888 (Lot 49).7 The total area of Snell's farm was around 13½ acres and the total purchase price was around 122 pounds. The plan of the subdivision of Campbellfield's plotted a fence line across the allotments demarcating a former paddock and suggestive of the former leasing for grazing.8 The fence line was shown also in a later survey dated 1921.9

1 Liston, C, Campbelltown: The Bicentennial History, Council of City of Campbelltown, 1988, p.47 (Liston 1988) 2 Liston 1988, p.12 3 Liston 1988, p.106 4 Liston 1988 p.146 5 Liston 1988 p.15 6 Old System Conveyance Book 363 No. 152 7 Old System Conveyance Book 399 No. 401 8 FP (DP) 192304 9 Old System Conveyance Book 1227 No 464



Snell was a labourer who tried, evidently, to make a living from the land. A measure of the lack of success in this venture can be inferred from the fact he sold his farm in 1891 to Humphrey Moulder, who was a farmer and then at The Oaks, for 340 pounds.10 The farm Moulder purchased from Snell was described in a sale notice as comprising: 13½ acres of land, being lots 48 and 49 of 1st subdivision of the Campbellfield's Estate, Minto, and distant only ¾ mile from Leumeah station. The soil is of the best description. The site commands most extensive views, and would be a most charming sport for a gentleman's residence. Improvements consist of a small cottage, good fencing, 260 fruit trees planted, garden, &c; horses, carts, plough, harrow, tools, poultry, &c., go with the property. To view, apply Scrivener and Son, 64 King Street, or Mr Snell, on the ground.11 Moulder retained the farm until his death in 1916 and developed the orchard Snell had planted out. The farm at that time was named Kensworth.12 Subsequently Moulder's widow, Emma, sold the farm in 1921 to Wilfred William Longhurst and Alfred Harold Longhurst for 100 pounds (see entry for No. 102 Amundsen Street below).13 The sale did not include the cottage at No. 86 Amundsen Street, which was under a separate title and with a reduced land area of 1 rood 22¼ perches, and also around 2½ acres at the northern boundary (part Lot 49 and now Lots 491-492 in DP 1107043), which had been sold to widow Matilda Denison in 1908 (one acre for 30 pounds)14 and in 1912 (1 ½ acres for 25 pounds).15 Matilda Denison (nee Clarke), who died in 1927, renamed Snell's cottage Mountain View. 16 2.5 NO. 102 AMUNDSEN STREET The cottage at No. 102 Amundsen Street (originally Eagleview Road) was built in the 1928 by Alfred Harold Longhurst who, as noted above, purchased around 10¼ acres of Snell's former farm from Humphrey Moulder in 1921 for 100 pounds.17 In 1928 the ownership was rearranged by Alfred Harold Longhurst taking full control of the farm.18 Alfred died in 1985 and the farm was devised to his widow, Maude Evelyn.19 The property remains in the family who reported that Alfred Longhurst lived at the property. He worked for the Waterboard and used the property for cattle and horse grazing and cropping. Alfred owned a stallion that he used for stud. At the time of the purchase in 1921 a survey of the farm was prepared (see Figure 2.2). The survey plotted a substantial cottage where No. 86 Amundsen Street is and was then owned by Mrs Matilda Denison.

10 Old System Conveyance Book 463 No. 242 11 Advertisement, Sydney Morning Herald, 4/3/1890, p.11 12 Deaths, Sydney Morning Herald, 17/2/1916, p.8 13 Old System Conveyance Book 1227 No. 464 14 Old System Conveyance Book 872 No. 125 15 Old System Conveyance Book 971 No. 161 16 'Funerals', Sydney Morning Herald, 1/ 2/1927, p.9 17 Old System Conveyance Book 1227 No. 464 18 Old System Conveyance Book 1538 No. 429 19 Old System Conveyance Book 3780 No. 998



Figure 2.1 Plan of the 1st subdivision of Campbellfield's Estate, not dated (c.1883). The two

allotments (Lots 48-49) purchased by John Snell are shaded and the approximate location of Snell's cottage at 102 Amundsen Street is circled. Note the existing fence line across the two allotments

Source: Land and Property Information (FP (DP) 192304) Figure 2.2 A plan of Lot 48 and part Lot 49 dated 1921. The plan depicted a cottage at No. 86

Amundsen Street and another smaller building where No. 102 Amundsen Street is today. Note the fence line across the two allotments as depicted in the c.1883 subdivision plan

Source: Land and Property Information (Old System Conveyance Book 1227 No 464)



Figure 2.3 The cottage named Mountain View owned by Mrs Matilda Denison (died 1927).

This cottage stood at No. 86 Amundsen Street Source: Campbelltown City Library (003/003760)

Figure 2.4 This photograph is captioned 'Mrs Moulder in her garden at Eagleview (Amundsen)

Road' and probably depicted the grounds of No. 102 Amundsen Street Source: Campbelltown City Library (003/00578)



3.0 PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION An inspection of the property was carried out by John Oultram in October 2013 to ascertain its layout, condition and intactness from its original construction. The plan is shown in Figure 3.1. 102 Amundsen Street is a single storey, Inter War Georgian vernacular style cottage set on a large, cleared block with a series of outbuildings close to the house. The house is reasonably intact but has been altered to the rear. The house is in fibro and battens with a hipped, corrugated metal roof. There is a single storey, timber verandah to the front with a skillion corrugated metal roof supported on timber posts with decorated timber valance brackets and no soffit lining. There is a central door with windows each side. To the rear is a long skillion extension in fibro with a corrugated metal roof with a covered paved area with a ramp to the rear garden. Internally the house has a main living room with a bedroom off and short hall to a bathroom and kitchen. The kitchen opens to a dining/living area with a second bathroom off. Floors are carpeted. Walls to the original rooms are in horizontal timber panelling to dada height with fibro and battens above and moulded timber skirtings. Ceilings are in fibro and battens. Doors are three panelled, high waisted timber with chamfered architraves with oversailing heads. The front door is a high waisted, three panel timber with 6 upper lights with obscure glass. Original windows are four pane, double hung, timber sashes. The rear section has aluminium windows and doors and the bathrooms and kitchens are modern. There is a bagged brick fireplace to the Living Room with a timber mantle and a modern gas fire. The house is set on a very large block bounded by Amundsen Street, Leumeah Road and Hansens Road with an unpaved drive from Amundsen Street. To the south of the house are a series of early and later corrugated metal outbuildings and sheds and the area close to the house is fenced. The site is an L shaped with a section to the rear of later development to the north of the house and slopes up from the main roads to the house. The site is dotted with mature trees but is largely cleared paddocks. There is a group of Eucalypts to the east close to a small dam facing Hansens Road. There is a modern, two storey house to the north and modern residential development to the west and south. The site is quite elevated and has expansive views to the west. Figures 3.2 - 3.16



Figure 3.1 102 Amundsen Street, Leumeah Physical Survey October 2013



Figure 3.2 102 Amundsen Street, Leumeah Front Elevation

Figure 3.3 102 Amundsen Street, Leumeah Rear Elevation

Figure 3.4 102 Amundsen Street, Leumeah North Elevation



Figure 3.5 102 Amundsen Street, Leumeah South Elevation

Figure 3.6 102 Amundsen Street, Leumeah Formal Living

Figure 3.7 102 Amundsen Street, Leumeah Bedroom 1



Figure 3.8 102 Amundsen Street, Leumeah Bedroom 2

Figure 3.9 102 Amundsen Street, Leumeah Hall

Figure 3.10 102 Amundsen Street, Leumeah Kitchen



Figure 3.11 102 Amundsen Street, Leumeah Dining and Living Rooms

Figure 3.12 102 Amundsen Street, Leumeah Living Room

Figure 3.13 102 Amundsen Street, Leumeah Garage and sheds



Figure 3.14 102 Amundsen Street, Leumeah Rear view looking north

Figure 3.15 102 Amundsen Street, Leumeah Looking South

Figure 3.16 102 Amundsen Street, Leumeah Entry drive



4.0 HERITAGE CONTROLS & LISTINGS 4.1 NATIONAL TRUST The property is not classified on the Register of the National Trust of Australia (NSW). 4.2 HERITAGE BRANCH OF THE NSW OFFICE OF ENVIRONMENT & HERITAGE State Heritage Register Under the Heritage Act 1977 (as amended), the Heritage Branch of the NSW Office of Environment and Heritage administers and maintains the State Heritage Register (SHR), a register of items and places that are considered to have heritage significance at a state level. The subject property is not listed on the State Heritage Register. State Heritage Inventory The Branch also compiles the State Heritage Inventory, a collated database of all places listed on statutory heritage lists, including Local Environmental Plans. The subject property is not listed on the Inventory. 4.3 LOCAL AUTHORITY The local authority for the area is the Campbelltown City Council. The property is not listed as a heritage item in Schedule 2 of the Campbelltown (Urban Areas) Local Environmental 2002 (LEP) and is not within a conservation area.



5.0 DISCUSSION OF SIGNIFICANCE 5.1 HISTORIC SIGNIFICANCE 102 Amundsen Street is an example of an Inter War house that was built in 1928 by Alfred Harold Longhurst. The house was built on part of Snell’s Farm that was established in 1887 by John Snell, a labourer, who appears to have built a timber cottage there. Snell’s venture into farming does not appear to have been successful and the land was sold in 1891 to Humphrey Moulder. Moulder retained the property till 1921 when it was subdivided and the larger portion, including the subject site, sold to Wilfred and Alfred Longhurst. The property was originally part of the large grant to Thomas Rose in 1821 that was owned by Dr. William Redfern who lied at the nearby Mount Gilead estate. Redfern acquired very large landholdings in the area that was divided into leased farms. The house is representative of the later wave of development of the area when large farms were broken into smallholdings and purchased by local workers who continued a semi-rural use with orchards and in this case, for use for cattle grazing, agistment and a horse stud. Alfred Longhurst was a Waterboard worker and the use of the place was a part time occupation. The area around the subject site has been developed for housing. 5.2 AESTHETIC SIGNIFICANCE The house is an example of an Inter War, Georgian vernacular style cottage. It is reasonably intact but has been altered to the rear and upgraded internally. The house is very much an “owner built” style building that reflects the date of construction and the common materials (timber, fibro and corrugated metal) available at the time. It has no features of note. The outbuildings close to the site date from the construction of the house and are crude structures of little merit. Their early use for horse stabling is not reflected in their design and the later structures were used for garaging. The site is large but has no features of note as the land was cleared by the early owners. The site area is reflective of the Inter War use of the place. There is no evidence of the former orchards. Though the site is large, the house does not embody the style and form of an early farm settlement. 5.3 SOCIAL The place would have no special associations for any particular group. 5.4 TECHNICAL/SCIENTIFIC There do not appear to have been any previous buildings on the site (the original homestead was to the north and has been demolished and the site redeveloped). The site has no archaeological potential and the house is not of technical merit.



6.0 ASSESSMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE 6.1 CRITERIA FOR ASSESSMENT The Heritage Office of New South Wales has issued guidelines as part of the NSW Heritage Manual regarding the assessment of heritage significance.

An item will be considered to be of State (or) local significance if, in the opinion of the Heritage Council of NSW, it meets one or more of the following criteria.

Criterion (a) An item is important in the course, or pattern, of NSW's cultural or natural

history (or the cultural or natural history of the local area) 102 Amundsen Street is an example of an Inter War house that was built in 1928

by Alfred Harold Longhurst Local Significance Criterion (b) An item has strong or special associations with the life or works of a person, or

group of persons, of importance in NSW's cultural or natural history (or the cultural or natural history of the local area)

The house and property have associations with the Longhurst family who constructed the house and whose descendants remain in ownership

Local Significance Criterion (c) An item is important in demonstrating aesthetic characteristics and/or a high

degree of creative or technical achievement in NSW (or the local area) The house is an example of a modified single storey, Inter War Georgian

vernacular style cottage Does not meet the criterion Criterion (d) The item has strong or special association with a particular community or cultural

group in NSW (or the local area) for social or spiritual reasons The place has no associations with any particular group Does not meet the criterion Criterion (e) An item has the potential to yield information that will contribute to an

understanding of NSW's cultural or natural history (or the cultural or natural history of the local area)

The archaeological potential of the site is low Does not meet the criterion Criterion (f) An item possesses uncommon, rare or endangered aspects of NSW's cultural or

natural history (or the cultural or natural history of the local area) This building type is not rare Is not rare. Does not meet the criterion Criterion (g) An item is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a class of

NSW's Cultural or natural places; or Cultural or natural environments

The building is an example of a single storey, Inter War cottage set on a large, semi-rural property

Does not meet the criterion at a State level (or a class of the local area's:

Cultural or natural places; or Cultural or natural environments)

The building is an example of a single storey, Inter War cottage set on a large, semi-rural property

Representative Historically Locally The house would effectively only meet one of the Heritage Branch criteria (historical associations) and we consider does not merit listing as a heritage item in the LEP.



6.2 INCLUSION AND EXCLUSION ASSESSMENTS The Heritage Branch Criteria assessments are clarified in the NSW Heritage Manual that contains inclusion/exclusion guidelines. For criterion (a) these are: Guidelines for inclusion Guidelines for exclusion Shows evidence of significant human activity

Has incidental or unsubstantiated connections with historically important activities or processes

Is associated with a significant activity or historical phase

Provides evidence of activities or processes that are of dubious historical importance

Maintains or shows the continuity of a historical process or activity

Has been so altered that it cannot longer provide evidence of a particular association

For criterion (b) these are: Guidelines for inclusion Guidelines for exclusion Shows evidence of significant human occupation

Has incidental or unsubstantiated connections with historically important people or events

Is associated with a significant event, person, or group of persons

Provides evidence of people or events that are of dubious historical importance

Has been so altered that it cannot longer provide evidence of a particular association

The house and property have associations with the Longhurst family who constructed the house and whose descendants remain in ownership. The family were not persons of note and the association is not of particular historical significance. Their long occupation of the house and use of the site demonstrates the Inter War development of a rural site close to a township where land was used for informal smallholdings. While this is of some historical significance, it is a common pattern for such sites and the use of the site is not of especial significance. The site remains readable as an Inter War smallholding but considering the pattern of development in the area this is not of such importance that it would preclude other uses or development. The typology is well recorded and remains common in the outer areas of Sydney and surrounding towns. The level of significance resulting from this analysis is that we consider that the property is at a low level of significance at a local level and that its level of significance does not preclude development of the site or even the demolition of the house. The historical aspects the place have been recorded in this report and the property can be archivally recorded to demonstrate its use and the current buildings and structures.



7.0 SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS 7.1 SUMMARY In summary, we consider that:

• The property is not representative of the early development of the area being built in 1928

• The property is representative of the type of Inter War smallholding found in many areas of outer Sydney that were purchased by local workers for hobby farms

• The house is of very limited significance • The property would not meet the threshold for listing as a heritage item in the LEP • The house and property have no features of note that would require retention

7.2 RECOMMENDATIONS We would recommend that, if the cottage is to be demolished:

1. It be the subject of archival photographic recording in accordance with the Heritage Branch guidelines for digital capture

2. An oral history be taken from the current occupier of the property detailing its later history, development and use

3. These records (and a copy of this report) be lodged with a suitable archive (e.g. the Local History Library)

JOHN OULTRAM



8.0 APPENDIX - LAND OWNERSHIP 1887-1986 Auto Folio 1/709918 (and 1/795498 & 2/126471) Year Owner 1821 3rd September

CROWN GRANT 1,300 acres Thomas Rose

Prior titles not searched 1887 29th April

BOOK 363 NO. 152 Conveyance Lot 48 of Campbellfield's Estate 6 acres 25 perches From: William Macquarie Redfern, London & The Hon Samuel A Joseph, Sydney To: John Snell, Hazelbrook, labourer 57 pounds 5 shillings 7 pence

1888 24th September BOOK 399 NO. 401 Lot 49 of Campbellfield's Estate 7 acres 24 perches From: William Macquarie Redfern, London & The Hon Samuel A Joseph, Sydney To: John Snell, Hazelbrook, labourer 65 pounds 18 shillings 6 pence

1891 1st May BOOK 463 NO. 242 Conveyance Lot 48 of Campbellfield's Estate 6 acres 25 perches Lot 49 of Campbellfield's Estate 7 acres 1 rood 12 perches From: John Snell, Leumeah To: Humphrey Moulder, Oaks, farmer 340 pounds

1908 13th December BOOK 872 NO. 125 1 acre Part Lot 49 of Campbellfield's Estate Conveyance From: Humphrey Moulder, Oaks, farmer To: Matilda Denison, North Botany, widow 30 pounds

1912 12th July BOOK 971 NO. 161 1 acre 2 roods 23 perches Part Lot 49 of Campbellfield's Estate Conveyance From: Humphrey Moulder, Leumeah, farmer To: Matilda Denison, Leumeah, widow 25 pounds



Year Owner 1921 20th June

BOOK 1227 NO. 464 Conveyance 10 acres 1 rood 34¾ perches Parts Lots 48 and 49 of Campbellfield's Estate From: Emma Moulder, Leumeah, widow Executrix of Humphrey Moulder, late of Leumeah, orchardist (died 16/2/1916) To: Wilfred William Longhurst, East Minto, orchardist and Alfred Harold Longhurst, East Minto, orchardist 100 pounds

1928 25th October BOOK 1538 NO. 429 Conveyance 10 acres 1 rood 34¾ perches Parts Lots 48 and 49 of Campbellfield's Estate From: Wilfred William Longhurst, East Minto, orchardist To: Alfred Harold Longhurst, East Minto, orchardist 75 pounds

1965 8th March BOOK 2737 NO. 819 Appointment of New Trustee Re estate of Matilda Denison, Leumeah, widow (died 13/1/1927) Alfred Raymond Denison and others

1967 2nd April BOOK 2831 NO. 797 Conveyance 1 rood 22 ¼ perches Parts Lots 48 and 49 of Campbellfield's Estate From: Alfred Raymond Denison, Mascot, retired To: Colin Bruce Denison, Cremorne, electrical engineer $800

1980 21st August BOOK 3428 NO. 602 Conveyance 1 rood 22 ¼ perches Parts Lots 48 and 49 of Campbellfield's Estate From: Colin Bruce Denison, Greenacre, electrical engineer To: Barry Roy Green, Ruse, concrete finisher $26,000

CA41293

Dealings in Auto Folio 1/709918 not searched

Documents

102 AMUNDSEN STREET LEUMEAH, NSW