1. Why did the Irish Emigrate Quiz

1. List 3 push factors for the Irish emigrating2. What year/s was the Irish potato blight?3. What job were the Irish reliant on?4. Who was slow to act?5. List 3 pull factors for the Irish6. Name 3 jobs the Irish did7. What 2 things were available in growing cities? 8. List 3 places the Irish settled?9. Describe relations between Irish and Scots10. Why was this?

1. Why did Irish People Come to Scotland? PUSH

1. Irish population x2 between in 50 years to 1841 2. Few modern industries3. poverty, low wages and terrible living conditions4. Depended on farming & very little land – 5. became dependent on potatoes 6. Starvation and terrible diets after 1848 Potato Blight7. Situation made worse as British Government too slow

to act and many landlords used the crisis to take away people’s homes

8. Many could not pay rents9. Some were forced to leave by landlords10. Where should they go: Scotland closest

1. Why did Irish People Come to Scotland? PUSH

1. Irish population ___ between in 50 years to 1841 2. Few ...3. Depended on ______ but very little ....4. became dependent on ...5. Starvation and terrible diets after 1848 ...6. Situation made worse by...7. Many could not pay ...8. Some were forced to leave by ...9. Where should they go: ...

1. Why did Irish People Come to Scotland? PULL

1. Jobs e.Gx2 2. ____better than in Ireland3. Easy .... By steamer4. Short trip to ....5. __________available in growing Scottish cities6. Existing communities encouraged by...7. _________had a role by providing....

1. Why did Irish People Come to Scotland? PULL

1. Jobs e.g. navvying, building, textiles, coal mines farm work2. Pay better than in Ireland = skilled could earn more 3. Easy travel: New ‘steamers’ meant it was easier, quicker and

cheaper to leave4. Short trip to West Coast and Glasgow 5. Housing available in growing Scottish cities6. Existing communities: Families wrote back to relatives to

encourage emigration to Scotland for a better life 7. Catholic Church had a role in this with Church, social groups,

poor relief and sports teams

1. Where did the Irish settle?1. Most in Glasgow, South West, Edinburgh and Dundee2. Hostile neighbours: Alarm at large number of poor

Irish arriving= created pressure on housing and jobs3. Made worse by Scottish migration4. Lived in poorest housing with cheapest rents.5. Disease flourished = bad water supplies & sewage

systems6. Irish suffered because of weakened health from

famine7. 19th century improvements to living conditions in cities

e.g. Glasgow.

1. Where did the Irish settle?

1. Most in ___________, South West, _________and Dundee2. _________ neighbours: Alarm at large number of _______

_________ arriving = created pressure on ________&________3. Made worse by _______ ________4. Lived in _________ housing with ________rents5. Lived in __________ , overcrowding and degradation in

_________ _________ ________________6. ___________ flourished = bad water supplies &_______7. Irish suffered because of weakened health with________8. 19th century improvements to _________ __________in cities

e.g. ____________

1. What did the Irish do?

• Jobs: Worked on farms, mines, navvy work, textiles, some factories• Cheap labour: worked for less pay• Prejudice: Many found it difficult to secure a job because

they were Irish and Catholic• Catholic church central: set up schools, churches, social

groups, poor relief and sports teams

1. What did the Irish do?

• Jobs:• Cheap ___________: worked for less_________• Prejudice: Many found it difficult to secure a job

because ...• _______ ________ central: set up...

2. Relations between Irish & Scots Quiz

1. What organisation was central for Irish?2. List 3 things it provided?3. Why did this have a negative impact for Irish?4. Who also opposed Irish?5. What did they set up?6. What did the Irish feel like in Scotland?7. Why did the Scots make them feel like this?8. 3 reasons relations improved? 9. What did the Irish join?10. What did Irish children do?

2. Relations between Irish and the Scots

• Most Catholic • Protestant ScotlandChurch =• worship • gave them a place to meet other Irish Catholics• organised youth clubs and trips• Football teams (Celtic, Hibs and Dundee United) • schools • Helped with clothes, food and a place to stay. • Educated priests could supply advice and guidance to the

new Irish immigrants

2. Relations between Irish and the Scots

•Most Irish religion =• But Scotland =Church for x3 things:• egs of Football teams =• schools • Helped with ...

2. Results of separate community?

• =kept to themselves to maintain own customs and religious habits

= caused resentment among Scots = didn’t help Irish mix• Problems with Irish Protestants: Immigrants from

Northern Ireland, e.g. Ulster and Protestant • Trouble: set up Orange Order and supported

Rangers Football Club• They often fought with Catholic Irish

2. Results of separate community?

• =kept to themselves to ...= didn’t help Irish ...• Problems with Irish Protestants: ...• Trouble= 2 organisations that protected Protestants

=• They often fought with Catholic Irish

2. Relations between Scots and Irish: problems

• Fighting between religions • Irish felt like ‘aliens in an alien society’ • Scots prejudice• Claims about the Irish being thieves, troublemakers and

drunkards • Jobs: Irish discriminated against• Scots disliked Irish because of claims they were stealing jobs

and houses = Irish worked for less pay some Scots lost livelihood• Thought Irish had lower standards and generally less

educated and inferior

2. Relations between Scots and Irish: problems

• Fighting between religions • Irish felt like ....• Scots prejudice – x3 things they though about Irish=

2. Did relations improve?• Scots employers found the Irish to be good, reliable workers and

quick to learn = reputation improved• Irish made a vital contribution to Scotland’s growing wealth • Antisocial Irish behaviour no worse than Scots• Irish joined Trade Unions to help workers improve pay & conditions =

encouraged Scots/Irish workers to join• Democracy: campaigns to get vote, important voice in the new

Labour Party• WWI: Irish community fought and this helped gain acceptation• Marriage between Scots and Irish increased • Some Irish changed their names to Scottish ones• Irish children born in Scotland absorbed themselves in Scottish ways

more than parents

2. Did relations improve?• Scots employers found the Irish to be ______ workers and quick to

learn = ________ improved• Irish made a vital contribution to Scotland’s________ ________• ________ Irish behaviour no worse than________• Irish joined _______ ________to help workers improve pay &

conditions = encouraged Scots/Irish workers to________• Democracy: campaigns to get ________, important voice in the new

_______ Party• WW1: Irish community fought and this helped gain_________• __________ between Scots and Irish increased • Some Irish changed their _______ to Scottish ones• Irish ________born in Scotland absorbed themselves in Scottish ways

more than_________

3. Who else came Quiz1. 3 main reasons for people coming2. Main date they came?3. Which groups largest?4. Where did they tend to go?5. Jobs that Italians did?6. Jobs that Jews did?7. Jobs that Lithuanians did?8. Why did Scots worry about wages?9. What did they say about their characters?10.What was the Aliens Act?

3. Immigration to Scotland:Who else came?

X3 main groups• Jews• Italians• Lithuanians

Wanted to escape:• Poverty• Pogroms• Worked in different areas• Scots not very welcoming at first• But most did well

3. Immigration to Scotland:Who else came?

X3 main groups =

Wanted to escape: X2 ...

Welcome was...

3. Immigration to Scotland:Who else came?

Jews: Why they came:• from Russian• Fled poverty and pogroms• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1_4kU9cwgXM• 1939 - Nazi Germany and Austria.

Pogrom = an organised attack on a ethnic group or population

3. Immigration to Scotland:Who else came?

Jews: Why they came:• From... (x2)• Pogrom = ...

3. Immigration to Scotland:Who else came?

Jews: Where did they go?• 1914 – 9000+ in Glasgow (1% of the total population) • set up synagogues, founded social and cultural

organisations, and educated their children.Work:• Tailoring• Cigarette industry in Glasgow

3. Immigration to Scotland:Who else came?

Jews: Where did they go?• 1914 – 9000+ in ...Work:• x2

3. Immigration to Scotland:Who else came?

Did Scots welcome Jews?X Thought they under-cut wagesX Thought brought diseaseX Anti-Jewish organisations eg ‘BritishBrothers

League’X 1905 – Aliens Act – 1st British act to introduce

immigration controlsJewish community did well

3. Immigration to Scotland:Who else came?

Did Scots welcome Jews?X Wages fear because...X Thought brought ...X Anti-Jewish organisations eg ...X 1905 – __________ Act – 1st British act to

introduce immigration controlsJewish community did well

3. Immigration to Scotland:Who else came?

ItaliansWhy they came:• 6000+ came in 1890s • Came to escape poverty. • After WW1 – another 4,000 arrived• Glasgow largest Italian population in Scotland

3. Immigration to Scotland:Who else came?

ItaliansWhy they came:• _____+ came in 1890s • Came to escape ...• Largest numbers in...

3. Immigration to Scotland:Who else came?

Italians: What they did?• = x3

Scots Welcome• shopkeepers felt threatened because...• In 1906 the British Women's Temperance

Association campaigned against ...

3. Immigration to Scotland:Who else came?

Lithuanians: Why came?• Because...• Wanted to get to ...

What they did:• But stayed to work in ...• Eg __________ : 5000 to 6000

3. Immigration to Scotland:Who else came?

Lithuanians - Scots welcome? X Miners disliked themX Lanarkshire Miners' Union helped strikesX Thought they cut wagesX Unhappy they’re CatholicsX Lithuanians seen as drunkardsWon respect from locals for their community

spiritAnd for joining Unions to improve working

conditions.

3. Immigration to Scotland:Who else came?

Lithuanians - Scots welcome? X _________Miners' Union helped strikesX Thought they cut ...X Unhappy they’re ...X Lithuanians seen as ...But respected for joining Unions to ...

3. Who else came Quiz1. 3 main reasons for people coming2. Main date they came?3. Which groups largest?4. Where did they tend to go?5. Jobs that Italians did?6. Jobs that Jews did?7. Jobs that Lithuanians did?8. Why did Scots worry about wages?9. What did they say about their characters?10.What was the Aliens Act?

4. Scottish Emigration Quiz

1. List 3 push reasons Scots left2. Which industries declined?3. What new laws that effected this?4. Why did some leave for Australia?5. List 3 pull factors Scots left6. What did foreign governments do?7. What did the British Gov do?8. What charity helped?9. Give 2 examples of why religion was important10. Why did women go?

4. Scottish Emigration : PUSH• Poverty• Decline in kelp industry, herring fishing and need for less farmers• Irish immigrants were competing for jobs for less wages• Highland clearances: crofters were forced off land to make way for

sheep and deer. • Lack of land: crofting becoming unprofitable.• New Laws: Government made the landowners responsible for the

wellbeing of tenants = to avoid costs of supporting poor on land, many forced or helped them to emigrate - paid for ticket abroad

• Scots potato blight 1848• Living conditions poor• Population increasing, overcrowding & increased competition for

jobs, land and housing = easier life abroad• Some forced to go abroad as convicts. Van Deiman’s Land in

Australia became a convict settlement.

4. Scottish Emigration : PUSH• Decline in x3 industries =• Irish immigrants ...• Highland clearances: =• New Laws: =• Scots potato blight ...• Population increase meant...• Some forced to go abroad =

4. Scottish Emigration PULL FACTORS• Opportunities: attraction of better life abroad• Existing Communities: Relatives wrote back describing improved

lifestyle, weather to persuade others to join them• New healthy environment = SUNNY OZ• £££• Land: generally cheap and abundant• Travel: easier to emigrate, as travel quicker (steamships)• Fortunes: heard about gold – EG OZ• Government Organisations: provided assistance with fare,

Highland & Islands Emigration Society helped fund emigration to Australia

• British Government: help people emigrate came in 1930s - attempt to reduce unemployment after WW1

• Charities: Barnardos helped children emigrate• Single women in demand: giving much help to emigrate = became

nannies & housekeepers

4. Scottish Emigration PULL FACTORS• Opportunities: =• Existing Communities: ...• New healthy environment = ...• X3 reasons to go• Government Organisations: eg• Charities: eg• Single women in demand: ...

4. Scottish Emigration

• Landowners cancelled debts, let crofters sell their stock and helped with passage• Agents: gave talks on benefits of emigration - inspired many to

leave Pamphlets were handed out• Newspapers adverts describing the better lives & opportunities• Presentations from successful emigrants to persuade • Foreign Governments: offered inducements of land and help

costs = help open up country and develop its economy. • Religion: convert people to Christianity = E.G. missionaries

David Livingstone and Mary Slessor

4. Scottish Emigration

• Landowners helped by:• Agents: ...• Newspapers ...• Foreign Governments: eg...• Religion: eg...

4. Scottish EmigrationThe Pull reasons why the Scots left Scotland cont…

• _______cancelled debts, let crofters sell their stock and helped with________• Agents: gave________ on benefits of emigration - inspired

many to leave ______ were handed out• _________ adverts describing the_______ & ________• Presentations from ________ _______to persuade • Foreign __________: offered inducements of _______ and

help costs = help open up country and develop its ________ • _______: better climate__________• Religion: convert people to _________= E.G. missionaries

_______ ________and Mary__________

5. Scots Abroad Quiz

1. Name 3 countries the Scots emigrated to2. What was the travel like?3. List 3 problems the Scots faced when they arrived?4. List 3 areas Scots were successful5. Why was this?6. Why did countries want Scots?7. Name 3 successful Scots8. What did some do with their £££?9. List 3 reasons some Scots came back10. List 3 ways Scots kept their heritage

5. The Scots Abroad

Where they went to:• Most went to Canada, America, Australia, New Zealand

and South Africa, England • Journeys to took a long time on sailing ships • Journey times reduced: steam ships took over in the

later 19th century• Many travelled in cramped, miserable and unhealthy

conditions

5. The Scots Abroad

Where they went to:• Most went to_________ • _________to took a long time on sailing ships • Journey times reduced: ________ ________took over

in the later 19th century• Many travelled in________, miserable and

_________conditions

5. What it was like?

• Scots faced harsh climates and difficult terrain in their new homes• Some got good cheap land, ready to plough• Problems with natives resisting losing land to the new emigrants• Scots killed natives to get land - helped in the destruction of native’s

way of life• Scots took part in the gold rush of the 19th century, not only in

America but also in Australia• Convicts experience: varied greatly from great deal of freedom to

being treated cruelly• System ended 1868 because Australia well developed as place for

free settlers

5. What it was like?

• Scots faced ________ _______and difficult terrain in their new homes• Some got good cheap ______cheap, ready to_________• Problems with _______resisting losing land to the new emigrants• Scots killed natives to ______ _______- helped in_____________• Scots took part in ________ _______of the 19th century, not only in

America but also in_________• Convicts experience: varied greatly from great deal of _______to

being treated ___________• System ended ________because Australia____________________

5. Why Scots were successful?• Scottish emigrants enjoyed great success overseas and England• Successful in industry, finance, politics & education• Success due to their education & skills• many used to harsh Scottish conditions• Created and developed large farms and these farms produced wool

and meat for export• Made fortunes some became millionaires • Charity: used wealth to help less fortunate people• Sent money home to Scotland such as Andrew Carnegie • Entrepreneurs: John Alexander MacDonald from Glasgow =

Canada’s first PM• John Muir from Dunbar = America’s first National Park• Andrew Carnegie from Dunfermline = richest man in world

5. Why Scots were successful?• Scottish emigrants enjoyed ______ ______overseas and England• Successful in___________• Success due to______________• many used to_______________• Created and developed ________and these farms produced wool

and meat for____________• Made ________ some became_________• Charity: used wealth to ________________• Sent money home to _________ such as Andrew Carnegie • Entrepreneurs: John Alexander MacDonald from ________=

Canada’s first___________• _________ from Dunbar = America’s first______________• Andrew Carnegie from Dunfermline = ____________ in world

5. Why did some Scots fail?

• Language: Gaelic speaking Highlander not welcome by other settlers = lost tongue • Some gave up & returned home• Lacked money to achieve in their new world • Failure to make land fertile or profitable • Some found the gold rush to be all hype and lies• Some homesick

5. Why did some Scots fail?

• Language: _______speaking Highlander not welcome by other settlers =____________• Some ________& returned__________• Lacked _________to achieve in their new world • Failure to make ________ _______or profitable • Some found the _______ _____to be all hype and

lies• Some__________

5. Did Scots Keep heritage?

• Most emigrants had real desire to remember Scots heritage• Formed piped bands• Organised Highland Games• Set up Caledonian Societies• Wore Highland dress at special occasions• Retained language & dialects e.g. Doric• Celebrated important days like Burns Night & New Years

Day

5. Did Scots Keep heritage?

• Most emigrants had real desire to ____________________• Formed _________ bands • Organised ______ ______• Set up __________ Societies• Wore _________ _________ at special occasions• Retained ________& dialects e.g. _________• Celebrated important days like _________ & _________